abstract: 'Impact and Implications This is one of the largest studies to date to

  characterize patterns of pain and mental health postinjury, including

  predictors of reduced symptoms over time using a robust registry-based

  cohort. The findings highlight that most characteristics associated with

  reductions in pain or mental health symptoms are not modifiable (e.g.,

  age, education, neighborhood, and employment status). People who are

  experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage and poor health before injury

  are at the greatest risk of experiencing persistent problems after

  injury. Outcomes for those patients could potentially be improved if

  trauma and rehabilitation services provide targeted assessment and

  coordinated treatment early after injury given that risk factors can be

  identified during the trauma admission.

  Purpose/Objective Research: This study aimed to examine patterns of pain

  and mental health after injury, and the patient characteristics

  associated with reductions in those symptoms. Research Method/Design:

  This registry-based observational cohort study included all people >= 16

  years old hospitalized for unintentional injuries from 2007 to 2014 who

  were included in the Victorian State Trauma Registry or Victorian

  Orthopaedic Trauma Outcomes Registry, survived to 12-months postinjury

  and did not have severe brain injury or spinal cord injury (N = 31,073).

  Symptoms and related impacts were measured with pain Numerical Rating

  Scale, EuroQol Five Dimensions Three Level questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L), and

  12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) pain and mental health items at

  6-, 12-, and 24-months postinjury. Symptom patterns over time, and their

  predictors, were examined using Latent Class and Transition Analyses and

  multinomial logistic regression. Results: Four classes were identified:

  (1) Low pain and mental health problems (49-54\%); (2) mental health

  problems only (11-12\%); (3) pain problems only (18-23\%); and (4) pain

  and mental health problems (16-17\%). Most people stayed within the same

  class over time, or transitioned to fewer problems. People who

  transitioned to lower problems had higher socioeconomic status (e.g.,

  higher education level, higher neighborhood-level advantage, and

  employment), better preinjury health (e.g., no disability or substance

  use condition) and noncompensable injuries. Conclusion/Implications:

  Reduced pain and mental health symptoms and related impairments were

  primarily associated with nonmodifiable biological, social, or economic

  characteristics. People with persistent symptoms were often already

  living with social disadvantage preinjury, and may have benefited from

  risk screening and proactive interventions.'
affiliation: 'Giummarra, MJ (Corresponding Author), Monash Univ, Sch Publ Hlth \&
  Prevent Med, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia.

  Giummarra, Melita J.; Dipnall, Joanna F.; Gabbe, Belinda J., Monash Univ, Sch Publ
  Hlth \& Prevent Med, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia.

  Giummarra, Melita J., Caulfield Hosp, Caulfield Pain Management \& Res Ctr, Caulfield,
  Australia.

  Dipnall, Joanna F., Deakin Univ, Inst Mental \& Phys Hlth \& Clin Translat, Geelong,
  Vic, Australia.

  Gabbe, Belinda J., Swansea Univ, Med Sch, Hlth Data Res United Kingdom, Swansea,
  W Glam, Wales.'
author: Giummarra, Melita J. and Dipnall, Joanna F. and Gabbe, Belinda J.
author-email: melita.giummarra@monash.edu
author_list:
- family: Giummarra
  given: Melita J.
- family: Dipnall
  given: Joanna F.
- family: Gabbe
  given: Belinda J.
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1037/rep0000453
earlyaccessdate: JUN 2022
eissn: 1939-1544
files: []
issn: 0090-5550
journal: REHABILITATION PSYCHOLOGY
keywords: pain; depression; anxiety; disability; recovery
keywords-plus: 'POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; TRAUMATIC INJURY; DEPRESSION; OUTCOMES;

  DISABILITY; TRAJECTORIES; RESILIENCE; ANXIETY'
language: English
month: AUG
number: '3'
number-of-cited-references: '47'
orcid-numbers: 'Giummarra, Melita/0000-0001-7839-6058

  Gabbe, Belinda/0000-0001-7096-7688'
pages: 405-420
papis_id: f87873a8562aea63a85eca64bfecc45d
ref: Giummarra2022registrybasedobserva
researcherid-numbers: 'Giummarra, Melita/H-8387-2012

  '
times-cited: '0'
title: A Registry-Based Observational Cohort Study Examining Patterns of Pain and
  Mental Health Symptoms and Their Impact on Work or Other Activities After Injury
type: article
unique-id: WOS:000811234600001
usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
usage-count-since-2013: '2'
volume: '67'
web-of-science-categories: Psychology, Clinical; Rehabilitation
year: '2022'