abstract: 'Since the implementation of the two-child policy in China in 2016, it is

  unclear how professional women''s labor force outcomes and family

  commitments have changed. Using interviews with 26 professional women

  with two children in Shanghai, we examined their work-life transitions

  and labor market outcomes. We found that the overarching constraints the

  interviewees faced included a lack of institutional childcare support,

  low paternal participation and increased physical and cognitive

  childcare labor. The women also experienced different constraining and

  enabling factors, leading to four types of labor market outcomes:

  enhancement, rebound, interruption and stagnation. Most of the

  interviewees who experienced career upward mobility after giving birth

  to a second child were urban singleton daughters who received tremendous

  parental support. Some participants experienced career interruption due

  to a lack of social support. The state should ensure family-friendly

  work environments and promote paternal participation to reduce women''s

  work-life conflict and address gender inequality.'
affiliation: 'Shen, Y (Corresponding Author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Int \&
  Publ Affairs, Room 222,1954 Huashan Rd, Shanghai 20030, Peoples R China.

  Shen, Yang, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai, Peoples R China.

  Jiang, Lai, Shanghai Univ Int Business \& Econ, Shanghai, Peoples R China.'
author: Shen, Yang and Jiang, Lai
author-email: Shenyang0118@gmail.com
author_list:
- family: Shen
  given: Yang
- family: Jiang
  given: Lai
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1111/josi.12387
earlyaccessdate: JUL 2020
eissn: 1540-4560
files: []
issn: 0022-4537
journal: JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ISSUES
keywords-plus: 'EMPLOYMENT PATTERNS; MOTHERHOOD PENALTY; WAGE PENALTY; PAID WORK;
  CARE;

  GENDER; FAMILY; TRANSITIONS; PERSPECTIVE; PARENTS'
language: English
month: SEP
number: 3, SI
number-of-cited-references: '81'
pages: 632-658
papis_id: bd307bf94590dd71006bc7fbee0fe9aa
ref: Shen2020labormarket
researcherid-numbers: Shen, Yang/AHE-8515-2022
times-cited: '8'
title: Labor Market Outcomes of Professional Women with Two Children after the One-Child
  Policy in China
type: article
unique-id: WOS:000551017100001
usage-count-last-180-days: '3'
usage-count-since-2013: '49'
volume: '76'
web-of-science-categories: Social Issues; Psychology, Social
year: '2020'