abstract: 'This paper analyzes the effects of technological change, capital

  intensity and increased trade activity on the gender- and

  skill-differentiated employment in the Turkish manufacturing industry

  subsectors during the 1990-2001 period. The primary objective is to find

  out the changes in relative employment opportunities for women workers

  as industries respond to increased international competition by pursuing

  the high road of increasing productivity. I use the seemingly unrelated

  regression (SUR) method to examine the determinants of skill- and

  female-intensity of employment. I find evidence for capital deepening

  having gender biased employment effects for the period 1990-2001.

  Specifically, I find that for the manufacturing industry as a whole

  capital had a preference for skilled males over skilled females

  controlling for the effects of trade. When I focus on the individual

  sectors, I find that some sectors had skilled-male labor complementarity

  with capital as well. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.'
affiliation: 'Ozay, O (Corresponding Author), Amer Univ, Dept Econ, 4400 Massachusetts
  Ave NW, Washington, DC 20016 USA.

  Oezay, Oezge, Amer Univ, Dept Econ, Washington, DC 20016 USA.'
author: Oezay, Oezge
author-email: ozayozge@gmail.com
author_list:
- family: Oezay
  given: Oezge
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1016/j.strueco.2015.09.002
files: []
issn: 0954-349X
journal: STRUCTURAL CHANGE AND ECONOMIC DYNAMICS
keywords: 'Gender inequalities; Trade policy; Capital deepening; Embodied

  technological change'
keywords-plus: LABOR; GROWTH; WAGES
language: English
month: DEC
number-of-cited-references: '55'
orcid-numbers: OZAY, OZGE/0000-0002-9505-1059
pages: 26-37
papis_id: 3e2f04efd5ac2f05f28280f2e3b96be4
ref: Oezay2015iscapital
researcherid-numbers: OZAY, OZGE/AAX-3838-2021
times-cited: '5'
title: Is capital deepening process male-biased? The case of Turkish manufacturing
  sector
type: article
unique-id: WOS:000365374800003
usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
usage-count-since-2013: '9'
volume: '35'
web-of-science-categories: Economics
year: '2015'