abstract: 'The impact of social inequality on children has enormous implications for young people throughout their life journey by negatively impacting their health, well-being and life chances. Following the democratisation of Brazil, significant change resulted in improvements to the social welfare and health care systems, which had begun to address long-standing social and health problems. This article critically explores the implications of current retrograde right-wing populist political government policies for Brazilian children within the context of efforts to reduce income inequality and improve the life chances of children. While recognising the enormous challenges of poverty, racial discrimination, precarity and socio-economic conditions, social work has recognised that the enactment of the profession requires political engagement and action against all inequality in professional practice. The implications of retrogressive policy are explored, and the authors call upon the profession globally to recognise these structural socio-economic challenges and question whether social work can afford not to be engaged in seeking change.' affiliation: 'Barbosa, RD (Corresponding Author), Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil. Barbosa, Rafael da Silva; Teixeira Garcia, Maria Lucia, Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil. Spolander, Gary, Robert Gordon Univ, Aberdeen, Scotland.' author: Barbosa, Rafael da Silva and Spolander, Gary and Teixeira Garcia, Maria Lucia author-email: 'rafael.econ@gmail.com g.spolander@rgu.ac.uk lucia-garcia@uol.com.br' author_list: - family: Barbosa given: Rafael da Silva - family: Spolander given: Gary - family: Teixeira Garcia given: Maria Lucia da: '2023-09-28' doi: 10.1332/204986021X16177218821095 eissn: 2049-8675 files: [] issn: 2049-8608 journal: CRITICAL AND RADICAL SOCIAL WORK keywords: children; social policy; Bolsonaro; Brazil keywords-plus: 'ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; PRIMARY-HEALTH-CARE; INFANT-MORTALITY; MENTAL-HEALTH; RISK-FACTORS; WORK; CHALLENGES; TRAUMA' language: English month: NOV number: '3' number-of-cited-references: '79' orcid-numbers: 'Barbosa, Rafael da Silva/0000-0002-9253-1487 Garcia, Maria Lucia/0000-0003-2672-9310 Spolander, Gary/0000-0003-2758-4555' pages: 369-388 papis_id: 45d98b5e832073628fde3a7ae15b36d7 ref: Barbosa2021childrenpaying researcherid-numbers: 'Barbosa, Rafael da Silva/AAA-8846-2022 ' times-cited: '1' title: 'Children: paying the price of Bolsonaro''s social policy reform in Brazil' type: Article unique-id: WOS:000728115200004 usage-count-last-180-days: '2' usage-count-since-2013: '7' volume: '9' web-of-science-categories: Social Work year: '2021'