abstract: 'We present findings from an anthropological field study on the role of

  language and language policy in migration from Poland to Norway, and the

  larger implications for emerging language and immigration policy in

  Europe. Initial fieldwork in Norway found that Polish workers without

  knowledge of the Norwegian language struggled to secure employment in

  the formal economy. The 2008 financial crisis intensified competition in

  the labour market and underscored fluency in Norwegian as a means of

  discriminating among workers. Comparative case studies of language

  schools revealed that these organizations are active participants in

  channeling Polish migrants'' movements into a segmented labour market,

  often in ways that involve cooperation between private companies and the

  State. We frame the Norwegian case within the larger context of Europe

  and the trend there toward favoring integration over multiculturalism.

  The emergence of restrictive language policies in Europe may be

  interpreted as a legally and culturally acceptable means for

  discouraging access to rights associated with permanent residency or

  citizenship by work migrants from CEE countries, while at the same time

  permitting them access to the labour market for temporary work. The

  long-term consequences of such policies for European society are

  uncertain.'
affiliation: 'Baba, ML (Corresponding Author), Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI
  48824 USA.

  Baba, Marietta L., Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.

  Dahl-Jorgensen, Carla, Norwegian Univ Sci \& Technol, Trondheim, Norway.'
author: Baba, Marietta L. and Dahl-Jorgensen, Carla
author_list:
- family: Baba
  given: Marietta L.
- family: Dahl-Jorgensen
  given: Carla
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1111/imig.12048
eissn: 1468-2435
files: []
issn: 0020-7985
journal: INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
keywords-plus: MIGRATION; IMMIGRANTS; EARNINGS; EUROPE; SKILLS
language: English
month: APR
number: '2'
number-of-cited-references: '58'
pages: 60-76
papis_id: 0a0242d80b283a8eb156b5e69032862f
ref: Baba2013languagepolicy
times-cited: '6'
title: 'Language Policy in Practice: Re-bordering the Nation'
type: Article
unique-id: WOS:000316694900006
usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
usage-count-since-2013: '29'
volume: '51'
web-of-science-categories: Demography
year: '2013'