abstract: 'Background Home gardening is a strategy to improve nutrition and food

  security. More information is needed about optimizing gardens in

  different contexts.

  Objective The aim was to identify implementation barriers and

  facilitators for a home gardening intervention in rural Guatemala and

  inform future larger-scale interventions in the region.

  Design A mixed-methods implementation study using the RE-AIM (Reach,

  Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework was

  conducted from January 2019 to July 2020.

  Participants/setting Families (n = 70) in rural Guatemala participated

  in the intervention. Staff (n = 4), families (n = 6), and community

  stakeholders (n = 3) participated in interviews or focus groups.

  Intervention Participating households received seeds and seedlings for

  16 crops, garden construction materials, agronomist-delivered education

  and assistance, and a standard-of-care nutrition program.

  Main outcome measures Implementation data were collected from program

  records and observations, participant surveys, and interviews and focus

  groups. Crop count and nutritional functional diversity of home gardens

  were assessed.

  Statistical analyses performed Descriptive statistics were calculated

  for quantitative outcomes. Qualitative data were double-coded and

  organized into overarching themes.

  Results Reach: Ninety percent of eligible households participated. Child

  nutritional eligibility criteria was a barrier to reach. Effectiveness:

  Participants and stakeholders felt the intervention improved access to

  diverse foods. Cultivated crops increased an average of five species

  (95\% confidence interval {[}CI], 4-6) at 6 months, although not all

  were consumed. Adoption: The main community adoption barrier was water

  sourcing for garden irrigation.Implementation: Raised beds were the most

  common gardening method, with good adoption of agricultural best

  practices. Gray water filters and flexible implementation were important

  for participation. Maintenance: Crops failure rates were low. Seed

  availability was a sustainability challenge. Direct costs were 763 USD

  per household.

  Conclusions Interest and engagement with a home garden intervention in

  Guatemala were high. Gaps between garden production and consumption,

  access to water, and seed sourcing should be addressed in future work.'
affiliation: 'Rohloff, P (Corresponding Author), 2da Ave 3-48 Zona 3, Tecpan, Chimaltenango,
  Guatemala.

  Alajajian, Stephen; Proano, Gabriela, V, Acad Nutr \& Dietet Fdn, Chicago, IL USA.

  Abril, Andrea Guzman; Rohloff, Peter, Wuqu Kawoq Alianza Maya Salud, Tecpan, Chimaltenango,
  Guatemala.

  Jimenez, Elizabeth Yakes, Acad Nutr \& Dietet, Nutr Res Network, Chicago, IL USA.

  Jimenez, Elizabeth Yakes, Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, Albuquerque,
  NM 87131 USA.

  Jimenez, Elizabeth Yakes, Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Albuquerque,
  NM 87131 USA.

  Jimenez, Elizabeth Yakes, Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Populat Hlth, Albuquerque,
  NM 87131 USA.'
author: Alajajian, Stephen and Abril, Andrea Guzman and Proano V, Gabriela and Jimenez,
  Elizabeth Yakes and Rohloff, Peter
author-email: peter@wuqukawoq.org
author_list:
- family: Alajajian
  given: Stephen
- family: Abril
  given: Andrea Guzman
- family: Proano V
  given: Gabriela
- family: Jimenez
  given: Elizabeth Yakes
- family: Rohloff
  given: Peter
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.03.005
eissn: 2212-2680
files: []
issn: 2212-2672
journal: JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS
keywords-plus: 'SENSITIVE AGRICULTURE; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; NUTRITION; HEALTH; IMPACT;

  AGROBIODIVERSITY; OPPORTUNITIES; CHILDREN; PROGRAMS; WOMEN'
language: English
month: JUL
number: '7'
number-of-cited-references: '54'
orcid-numbers: 'Rohloff, Peter/0000-0001-7274-8315

  Alajajian, Stephen/0000-0001-9203-8994

  Proano, Gabriela/0000-0002-0794-6427

  Yakes Jimenez, Elizabeth/0000-0003-0315-7022

  Guzman Abril, Andrea Paola/0000-0003-1277-3177'
pages: 1363-1374
papis_id: dd812e1cb2978f7311021457ecdf2e49
ref: Alajajian2022mixedmethodsimplemen
researcherid-numbers: 'Rohloff, Peter/P-8722-2017

  '
times-cited: '0'
title: Mixed-Methods Implementation Study of a Home Garden Intervention in Rural Guatemala
  Using the RE-AIM Framework
type: Editorial Material
unique-id: WOS:000836605400016
usage-count-last-180-days: '4'
usage-count-since-2013: '7'
volume: '122'
web-of-science-categories: Nutrition \& Dietetics
year: '2022'