abstract: 'Objective: To examine variation in employment and economic outcomes

  before, during, and after the great recession by disability and mental

  health status. Methods: Using a sample of adults in the 1999 to 2016

  National Health Interview Survey (N = 419,336), we examined changes in

  labor force and economic outcomes by mental health and physical

  disability status. We employed difference-indifferences analyses to

  determine whether the changes in these outcomes during and after the

  recession for each comparison group (those with moderate mental illness,

  serious psychiatric disability, or physical disability) were

  significantly different from the changes for persons with neither a

  mental illness nor a disability. Findings: While the recession impacted

  all groups, those with mental illnesses or physical disabilities were

  hardest hit. Persons with disabilities were disadvantaged on all

  outcomes at each period, but persons with mental illnesses were the most

  disadvantaged. Unemployment, poverty, and use of food stamps increased

  for all groups, but the increase was greatest for persons with mental

  health problems who also saw a more substantial decline in wage income.

  Conclusions and Implications for Practice: The effects of the recession

  persist well after the recovery period. Practitioners should be aware

  that although most persons with mental illnesses want to work, they face

  significant barriers to employment. Following economic shocks such as

  those brought on by the current coronavirus pandemic, interventions

  should focus on people who are the most vulnerable, especially those

  with mental health problems. Renewed focus on employment for people with

  mental disorders is important.'
affiliation: 'Alang, SM (Corresponding Author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Sociol \& Anthropol,
  Program Hlth Med \& Soc, 31 Williams Dr 280, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA.

  McAlpine, Donna D., Univ Minnesota, Div Hlth Policy \& Management, Sch Publ Hlth,
  Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.

  Alang, Sirry M., Lehigh Univ, Dept Sociol \& Anthropol, Program Hlth Med \& Soc,
  31 Williams Dr 280, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA.'
author: McAlpine, Donna D. and Alang, Sirry M.
author-email: sma206@lehigh.edu
author_list:
- family: McAlpine
  given: Donna D.
- family: Alang
  given: Sirry M.
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1037/prj0000458
eissn: 1559-3126
files: []
issn: 1095-158X
journal: PSYCHIATRIC REHABILITATION JOURNAL
keywords: mental illness; disability; employment; recession; economic status
keywords-plus: 'PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; LABOR-MARKET; HEALTH-CARE; JOB LOSS; STIGMA;

  WORK; UNEMPLOYMENT; COMORBIDITY; DEPRESSION; PREVALENCE'
language: English
month: JUN
number: '2'
number-of-cited-references: '51'
orcid-numbers: Alang, Sirry/0000-0003-2049-5648
pages: 132-141
papis_id: 45246a0dfc13f9828a51add0cc39e3a3
ref: Mcalpine2021employmenteconomic
times-cited: '9'
title: 'Employment and Economic Outcomes of Persons With Mental Illness and Disability:
  The Impact of the Great Recession in the United States'
type: Article
unique-id: WOS:000657298500005
usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
usage-count-since-2013: '8'
volume: '44'
web-of-science-categories: Psychiatry; Rehabilitation
year: '2021'