abstract: 'Mounting concerns over food insecurity have emerged as a key agenda in

  many recent global development dialogues, on accounts of observed and

  expected health outcomes. The present study attempts a reflective

  summary around a yet little-explored aspect of food insecurity: health

  and social ramifications of coping behaviours (adaptive strategies to

  improve food availability, accessibility, utilisation, and stability),

  with specific emphasis on women and children. We conducted a systematic

  literature with different search engines and databases to identify a

  diversity of recent journal articles, reports, working papers, white

  papers, proceedings, dissertations, newspaper articles, book chapters,

  and grey literature, published in the post-2000s period. We thus

  identified two broad generic categories in the relevant global

  literature: coping behaviours that are (a) non-food (livelihood

  alterations) and (2) food-based. For women, the former includes outdoor

  employment, selling asset bases, borrowing food and/or money, and

  purchasing food on credit. Food-based coping strategies included reduced

  daily meal portion sizes and reducing the frequency of food uptake or

  skipping meals altogether (i.e., Food Rationing); nutritional switch

  (i.e., Food Stretching); and Food Sharing. Coping behaviours involving

  children primarily include dropping out of school, begging, stealing,

  and Food Seeking (i.e., eating outside home, with relatives or friends,

  or at charitable institutions). The likely health outcomes included

  stunting and wasting, disrupted socio-cognitive development among

  children. A subsidiary idea to conduct this study was to offer the

  concerned authorities an insight into the breadth of coping behaviours,

  so as to help them anticipate targeted and gender-responsive

  interventions on a priori basis. We offer a discourse on what we refer

  to as time poverty, especially for farm women, resulting from obligatory

  outdoor employment, mostly as farm labourers to highlight a social

  paradox: women provide massive contributions in the translation of high

  value goods and services of a vibrant global agricultural system, and

  yet are among the first victims of food insecurity themselves. This

  situation contradicts a number of the UN Sustainable Development Goals

  (SDGs), and aggravates gender disparity. In final section we appeal for

  more targeted, evidence-based research to establish direct causal

  linkages between food insecurity and coping behaviours, distinguishing

  them from life-as-usual scenarios. To that end, we present a brief

  critique on Coping Strategy Index (CSI) -a widely used tool to evaluate

  severity of coping behaviours.'
affiliation: 'Chaudhuri, S (Corresponding Author), OP Jindal Global Univ, Ctr Environm
  Sustainabil \& Human Dev, Jindal Sch Liberal Arts \& Humanities, Sonipat 131001,
  Haryana, India.

  Chaudhuri, Sriroop, OP Jindal Global Univ, Ctr Environm Sustainabil \& Human Dev,
  Jindal Sch Liberal Arts \& Humanities, Sonipat 131001, Haryana, India.

  Roy, Mimi, OP Jindal Global Univ, Jindal Sch Liberal Arts \& Humanities, Sonipat
  131001, Haryana, India.

  McDonald, Louis M., West Virginia Univ, Davis Coll Agr Nat Resources \& Design,
  Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.

  Emendack, Yves, USDA ARS, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA.'
author: Chaudhuri, Sriroop and Roy, Mimi and McDonald, Louis M. and Emendack, Yves
author-email: 'schaudhuri@jgu.edu.in

  mroy@jgu.edu.in

  LMMcdonald@mailwvu.edu

  Yves.Emendack@ars.usda.gov'
author_list:
- family: Chaudhuri
  given: Sriroop
- family: Roy
  given: Mimi
- family: McDonald
  given: Louis M.
- family: Emendack
  given: Yves
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1007/s12571-021-01171-x
earlyaccessdate: JUN 2021
eissn: 1876-4525
files: []
issn: 1876-4517
journal: FOOD SECURITY
keywords: 'Food insecurity; Coping behaviour; Nutritional switch; Livelihood

  alteration; Farm women; Women''s time poverty; Gender discrimination;

  Mental health; Child labour; School drop-out; Coping strategy index

  (CSI); Sustainable development'
keywords-plus: 'NUTRITIONAL OUTCOMES; DIETARY DIVERSITY; PRICE SHOCKS; HOUSEHOLD;

  SECURITY; URBAN; AGRICULTURE; EMPOWERMENT; INCOME; SCHOOL'
language: English
month: AUG
number: 4, SI
number-of-cited-references: '183'
orcid-numbers: Emendack, Yves/0000-0002-2537-176X
pages: 1049-1068
papis_id: 10e1816e29cc97abee7c7c5a4947bea7
ref: Chaudhuri2021copingbehaviours
tags:
- relevant
- review
times-cited: '9'
title: 'Coping Behaviours and the concept of Time Poverty: a review of perceived social
  and health outcomes of food insecurity on women and children'
type: Review
unique-id: WOS:000662107900001
usage-count-last-180-days: '5'
usage-count-since-2013: '30'
volume: '13'
web-of-science-categories: Food Science \& Technology
year: '2021'