abstract: 'Objective: To examine factors that differentiated persons with spinal

  cord injury (SCI) who returned to work from those who did not,

  Participants: Six employed persons with SCI matched with 6 unemployed

  persons with SCI on the basis of education, race, age, gender, time

  since injury, and level of function. Study Design: Semi-structured

  interviews 1 to 2 hr in length were completed and transcribed. The

  responses of the employed were compared with those of the unemployed

  using grounded theory. The theory is inductively derived from the

  qualitative data. Results: Psychological and environmental factors were

  the most salient factors affecting employment in this matched sample.

  Key psychological factors associated with employment were optimism,

  self-esteem, achievement orientation, and role models. Key environmental

  factors were monetary incentives, disincentives, access, and

  accommodation. Conclusions: The development of increased optimism may

  promote employment for persons with SCI. Employment barriers and the

  perception of these barriers as insurmountable need to be decreased.

  Policies that promote return to work with former employers are likely to

  improve employment rates for persons with SCI. A more intensive job

  exploration process using job shadowing of peers and positive peer

  models may also improve employment after SCI.'
affiliation: 'Chapin, MH (Corresponding Author), E Carolina Univ, Dept Rehabil Studies,
  312 Belk Bldg, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.

  Univ Michigan, Dept Phys Med \& Rehabil, Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.'
author: Chapin, MH and Kewman, DG
author-email: 'chapinm@mail.ecu.edu

  dkewman@umich.edu'
author_list:
- family: Chapin
  given: MH
- family: Kewman
  given: DG
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1037/0090-5550.46.4.400
eissn: 1939-1544
files: []
issn: 0090-5550
journal: REHABILITATION PSYCHOLOGY
keywords-plus: OUTCOMES
language: English
month: NOV
note: '13th Annual Conference of the

  Ameican-Association-of-Spinal-Cord-Injury-Psychologists-and-Social-Worke

  rs, LAS VEGAS, NV, SEP 08, 1999'
number: '4'
number-of-cited-references: '24'
pages: 400-416
papis_id: 33acdccfd8ffc728c611d691f5e22505
ref: Chapin2001factorsaffecting
times-cited: '58'
title: 'Factors affecting employment following spinal cord injury: A qualitative study'
type: Article; Proceedings Paper
unique-id: WOS:000172211600003
usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
usage-count-since-2013: '7'
volume: '46'
web-of-science-categories: Psychology, Clinical; Rehabilitation
year: '2001'