abstract: 'Low family socioeconomic position is a net of related conditions-low

  income, material deprivation, single-parent family structure, low

  educational level, minority ethnic group membership, and immigrant

  status. According to ecological theory, proximal contexts experienced by

  children, including family, material resources, out-of-school

  experiences, schools, neighborhoods, and peers, are mediators of poverty

  effects. Developmental timing of exposure to poverty conditions and the

  processes by which effects occur differ for cognitive and social domains

  of development. Understanding how contexts combine and interact is as

  important as understanding their independent influences. Effects may be

  cumulative, but advantages in one context can also ameliorate

  disadvantages in others. Although research is typically based on

  unidirectional causal models, the relations between the developing child

  and the contexts he or she experiences are reciprocal and transactional.

  Finally, although income inequality has increased greatly, little is

  known about the influences of relative poverty and social inequality on

  human development.'
affiliation: 'Huston, AC (Corresponding Author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Human Ecol,
  Austin, TX 78712 USA.

  Huston, Aletha C.; Bentley, Alison C., Univ Texas Austin, Dept Human Ecol, Austin,
  TX 78712 USA.'
author: Huston, Aletha C. and Bentley, Alison C.
author-email: 'achuston@mail.utexas.edu

  alison.bentley@mail.utexas.edu'
author_list:
- family: Huston
  given: Aletha C.
- family: Bentley
  given: Alison C.
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100442
eissn: 1545-2085
files: []
issn: 0066-4308
journal: ANNUAL REVIEW OF PSYCHOLOGY
keywords: poverty; ecological theory; children; policy; social inequality
keywords-plus: 'NEIGHBORHOOD POVERTY; ACADEMIC-ACHIEVEMENT; WELFARE-REFORM; FAMILY

  INCOME; CHILD-CARE; COGNITIVE-DEVELOPMENT; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; SCHOOL

  READINESS; MATERNAL WORK; QUALITY'
language: English
number-of-cited-references: '122'
pages: 411-437
papis_id: ae6590128af7f74a00963cce71b4b446
ref: Huston2010humandevelopment
series: ANNUAL REVIEW OF PSYCHOLOGY
tags:
- review
times-cited: '130'
title: Human Development in Societal Context
type: Review; Book Chapter
unique-id: WOS:000273885200017
usage-count-last-180-days: '3'
usage-count-since-2013: '73'
volume: '61'
web-of-science-categories: Psychology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary
year: '2010'