abstract: 'In this paper, we aim to assess the extent to which individual-level

  completed fertility varies across contexts characterized by policies

  supporting different gender division of labor models. We examine key

  labor market and care policies that shape gender relations in households

  and in the public domain. We also consider the role of gender norms,

  which can act as both a moderator and a confounding factor for policy

  effects. We hypothesize that, by facilitating role compatibility and

  reducing the gendered costs of childrearing, policies that support

  gender equality lead to an increase in fertility levels and to a

  reduction in fertility differentials by the level of education. Using

  individual-level data from the European Union Survey on Income and

  Living Conditions for 16 countries, combined with country-level data, we

  analyze completed fertility through multilevel Poisson''s models. We find

  that the national level of childcare coverage is positively associated

  with fertility. Family allowances, prevalence of women''s part-time

  employment and length of paid leaves were also found to be positively

  associated with completed fertility, though the associations were not

  statistically significant. These variables show a significant positive

  pattern according to education. A high number of average working hours

  for men are negatively associated with completed fertility and show a

  strong negative pattern by educational level. The prevalence of

  gender-egalitarian norms is highly predictive of fertility levels, yet

  we found no consistent evidence of a weaker association of

  gender-equality policies in countries where egalitarian values are less

  prevalent.'
affiliation: 'Baizan, P (Corresponding Author), ICREA, Barcelona, Spain.

  Baizan, P (Corresponding Author), Univ Pompeu Fabra, 25 Ramon Trias Fargas St, Barcelona
  08005, Spain.

  Baizan, Pau, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain.

  Baizan, Pau; Arpino, Bruno; Eric Delclos, Carlos, Univ Pompeu Fabra, 25 Ramon Trias
  Fargas St, Barcelona 08005, Spain.'
author: Baizan, Pau and Arpino, Bruno and Eric Delclos, Carlos
author-email: pau.baizan@upf.edu
author_list:
- family: Baizan
  given: Pau
- family: Arpino
  given: Bruno
- family: Eric Delclos
  given: Carlos
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1007/s10680-015-9356-y
eissn: 1572-9885
files: []
issn: 0168-6577
journal: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF POPULATION-REVUE EUROPEENNE DE DEMOGRAPHIE
keywords: 'Fertility; Gender policies; Gender inequality; Gender division of labor;

  Gender norms; Europe'
keywords-plus: 'FAMILY POLICIES; 2ND BIRTHS; CHILDBEARING BEHAVIOR; PARENTAL LEAVE;

  EQUITY; IMPACT; INEQUALITY; COUNTRIES; EQUALITY; LABOR'
language: English
month: FEB
number: '1'
number-of-cited-references: '89'
orcid-numbers: 'arpino, bruno/0000-0002-8374-3066

  Baizan, Pau/0000-0003-0117-8794

  Delclos, Carlos/0000-0003-3061-7709'
pages: 1-30
papis_id: 6948300d54145e6be9a72f27f19c6d1b
ref: Baizan2016effectgender
researcherid-numbers: 'Arpino, Bruno/AAF-3867-2019

  arpino, bruno/G-2775-2013

  Baizan, Pau/B-7571-2014

  '
times-cited: '33'
title: 'The Effect of Gender Policies on Fertility: The Moderating Role of Education
  and Normative Context'
type: Article
unique-id: WOS:000376592100001
usage-count-last-180-days: '5'
usage-count-since-2013: '53'
volume: '32'
web-of-science-categories: Demography
year: '2016'