abstract: 'Background General practitioners (GPs) are among the most important

  resources of healthcare system and public health is considerably

  influenced by the function of this group. Income inequality among GPs

  considerably affects the motivation and performance of this group. The

  present study aims to examine the income inequality among Iranian GPs in

  order to provide the necessary evidence for health human resource

  policy. Methods In this cross-sectional study, the distribution of

  income and wage inequality among GPs was investigated using income

  quintiles. We also used the Dagum''s model to analyze the inequality

  between different groups of GPs through the decomposition of the Gini

  coefficient. Moreover, a regression model was used to determine the

  effective factors on GPs'' income. Results The results of this study

  indicated that income and wages of GPs in the highest quintile were

  eight times more than those of doctors at the lowest quintile.

  Regression estimates showed that factors such as gender, practice

  setting, and activity as the family physician (P < 0.001) were effective

  on income of GPs; and also male and self-employed GPs had significantly

  more wage (P < 0.001). Total Gini coefficient of GPs'' income and wage

  were estimated at 0.403 and 0.412, respectively. Highest monthly income

  was found in GPs with 16-20 years practice experience (\$8358) based on

  Purchasing Power Parity (PPP), male (\$8339 PPP), and self-employed GPs

  (\$8134 PPP) subgroup. However, the female (\$5389 PPP) and single

  (\$5438 PPP) GPs had the lowest income. Population share; income/wage

  share; income/wage mean; Gini coefficient; and within, between and

  overlap decomposed components of Gini coefficient are also reported for

  each GPs subgroups. Conclusions We found significant inequalities in

  income and wages among Iranian GPs. Adjustment of income based on

  working hours indicated that one of the most common causes of income

  inequality among GPs in Iran was different workloads among different

  groups. Since the motivation and function of physicians can be

  influenced by income inequality, policymakers in the health system

  should consider factors increasing such inequalities.'
affiliation: 'Sarikhani, Y (Corresponding Author), Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Sch Management
  \& Informat Sci, Student Res Comm, Almas Bldg,Alley 29,Qasrodasht Ave, Shiraz, Iran.

  Bayati, Mohsen; Lohivash, Saeed, Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Hlth Human Resources Res Ctr,
  Sch Management \& Informat Sci, Shiraz, Iran.

  Rashidian, Arash, Univ Tehran Med Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Management \& Econ,
  Tehran, Iran.

  Rashidian, Arash, WHO, Informat Evidence \& Res, Cairo, Eastern Mediter, Egypt.

  Sarikhani, Yaser, Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Sch Management \& Informat Sci, Student Res
  Comm, Almas Bldg,Alley 29,Qasrodasht Ave, Shiraz, Iran.'
article-number: '620'
author: Bayati, Mohsen and Rashidian, Arash and Sarikhani, Yaser and Lohivash, Saeed
author-email: yasersarikhani@yahoo.com
author_list:
- family: Bayati
  given: Mohsen
- family: Rashidian
  given: Arash
- family: Sarikhani
  given: Yaser
- family: Lohivash
  given: Saeed
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-4473-7
eissn: 1472-6963
files: []
journal: BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
keywords: Income gap; Income inequality; General practitioner; Remuneration
keywords-plus: 'INFORMAL PAYMENTS; PRIMARY-CARE; HEALTH-CARE; GAP; DETERMINANTS;

  EARNINGS'
language: English
month: SEP 2
number: '1'
number-of-cited-references: '29'
orcid-numbers: 'Sarikhani, Yaser/0000-0002-0615-9210

  Bayati, Mohsen/0000-0002-9118-5447

  Rashidian, Arash/0000-0002-4005-5183'
papis_id: fb4ac1375d5eb98ebf57bba70be41cbf
ref: Bayati2019incomeinequality
researcherid-numbers: 'Bayati, Mohsen/AAV-7010-2020

  Sarikhani, Yaser/J-5324-2012

  Rashidian, Arash/E-5061-2011

  Bayati, Mohsen/R-7729-2017

  '
times-cited: '6'
title: 'Income inequality among general practitioners in Iran: a decomposition approach'
type: Article
unique-id: WOS:000483605500006
usage-count-last-180-days: '2'
usage-count-since-2013: '42'
volume: '19'
web-of-science-categories: Health Care Sciences \& Services
year: '2019'