abstract: 'Background: Women, and migrant women in particular, are at increased

  risk of many common mental disorders, which may potentially impact their

  labor market participation and their work-related income. Previous

  research found that mental disorders are associated with several

  work-related outcomes such as loss of income, however, not much is known

  about how this varies with migrant background. This study investigated

  the change in work-related income following the uptake of outpatient

  mental healthcare (OPMH) treatment, a proxy for mental disorder, in

  young women with and without migrant background. Additionally, we looked

  at how the association varied by income level.Methods: Using data from

  four national registries, the study population consisted of women aged

  23-40 years residing in Norway for at least three consecutive years

  between 2006 and 2013 (N = 640,527). By using a stratified linear

  regression with individual fixed effects, we investigated differences

  between majority women, descendants and eight migrant groups.

  Interaction analysis was conducted in order to examine differences in

  income loss following the uptake of OPMH treatment among women with and

  without migrant background.Results: Results showed that OPMH treatment

  was associated with a decrease in income for all groups. However, the

  negative effect was stronger among those with low income. Only migrant

  women from Western and EU Eastern Europe with a high income were not

  significantly affected following OPMH treatment.Conclusion: Experiencing

  a mental disorder during a critical age for establishment in the labor

  market can negatively affect not only income, but also future workforce

  participation, and increase dependency on social welfare services and

  other health outcomes, regardless of migrant background. Loss of income

  due to mental disorders can also affect future mental health, resulting

  in a vicious circle and contributing to more inequalities in the

  society.'
affiliation: 'Hynek, KA (Corresponding Author), Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Mental
  Hlth \& Suicide, Oslo, Norway.

  Hynek, KA (Corresponding Author), Oslo Metropolitan Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Oslo, Norway.

  Hynek, Kamila Angelika; Hauge, Lars Johan; Straiton, Melanie Lindsay, Norwegian
  Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Mental Hlth \& Suicide, Oslo, Norway.

  Hynek, Kamila Angelika, Oslo Metropolitan Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Oslo, Norway.

  Hollander, Anna-Clara, Karolinska Inst, Dept Global Publ Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden.

  Liefbroer, Aart C., Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demog Inst, The Hague, Netherlands.

  Liefbroer, Aart C., Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Epidmiol, Groningen,
  Netherlands.

  Liefbroer, Aart C., Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Sociol, Amsterdam, Netherlands.'
article-number: '736624'
author: Hynek, Kamila Angelika and Hollander, Anna-Clara and Liefbroer, Aart C. and
  Hauge, Lars Johan and Straiton, Melanie Lindsay
author-email: kamilaangelika.hynek@fhi.no
author_list:
- family: Hynek
  given: Kamila Angelika
- family: Hollander
  given: Anna-Clara
- family: Liefbroer
  given: Aart C.
- family: Hauge
  given: Lars Johan
- family: Straiton
  given: Melanie Lindsay
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.736624
eissn: 2296-2565
files: []
journal: FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
keywords: 'early adulthood; income; mental disorder; migrant women; national

  register data; outpatient mental health care'
keywords-plus: 'PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; ADOLESCENT DEPRESSION; HEALTH-CARE; IMMIGRANTS;

  UNEMPLOYMENT; POPULATIONS; PREVALENCE; EMPLOYMENT'
language: English
month: JAN 7
number-of-cited-references: '64'
orcid-numbers: 'Liefbroer, Aart/0000-0002-7884-3150

  Hollander, Anna-Clara/0000-0002-1246-5804

  Hynek, Kamila Angelika/0000-0002-4987-4441'
papis_id: 0fa7e09e2f5beb18df8231cb5648d7e5
ref: Hynek2022changeworkrelated
researcherid-numbers: 'Hollander, Anna-Clara/N-6271-2014

  '
times-cited: '3'
title: 'Change in Work-Related Income Following the Uptake of Treatment for Mental
  Disorders Among Young Migrant and Non-migrant Women in Norway: A National Register
  Study'
type: Article
unique-id: WOS:000756955500001
usage-count-last-180-days: '1'
usage-count-since-2013: '2'
volume: '9'
web-of-science-categories: Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health
year: '2022'