abstract: 'This study examines the relationship between tertiary education and

  property crime in Malaysia from 1982 to 2020 using the ARDL approach.

  The study is motivated by the concern that underpaid individuals with

  higher education may resort to property crime. Results reveal that the

  female labour force is positively associated with burglary in the short

  run. Furthermore, income per capita is also found to be another

  contributing factor to property crime. Increased income levels and

  improvements in welfare schemes can contribute to reduced crime rates.

  Interestingly, the study finds that more individuals with tertiary

  education are associated with higher property crime rates. Property

  crime can flourish when the skills and qualifications of highly educated

  job seekers do not match labour needs or when suitable employment

  opportunities are scarce. Enhancing job quality, ensuring fair wages,

  appropriate job matching, and promoting a well-balanced employment

  environment may discourage highly educated individuals from turning to

  crime. Moreover, imprisonment does not act as a deterrent for property

  crime. The findings may be relevant for curbing property crime in other

  developing countries experiencing a rise in tertiary education, sluggish

  income growth, and low female labour participation.'
affiliation: 'Esquivias, MA (Corresponding Author), Univ Airlangga, Fac Econ \& Business,
  Campus B,Jl Airlangga 4-6, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia.

  Shaari, Mohd Shahidan; Abd Rani, Mohd Juraij, Univ Malaysia Perlis, Fac Business
  \& Commun, Arau, Malaysia.

  Harun, Nor Hidayah, Univ Teknol MARA, Dept Business \& Management, Permatang Pauh,
  Malaysia.

  Esquivias, Miguel Angel, Univ Airlangga, Fac Econ \& Business, Surabaya, Indonesia.

  Abidin, Zaharah Zainal, Univ Polytech Malaysia, Fac Business Accountancy \& Social
  Sci, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

  Esquivias, Miguel Angel, Univ Airlangga, Fac Econ \& Business, Campus B,Jl Airlangga
  4-6, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia.'
article-number: '2245638'
author: Shaari, Mohd Shahidan and Harun, Nor Hidayah and Esquivias, Miguel Angel and
  Abd Rani, Mohd Juraij and Abidin, Zaharah Zainal
author-email: miguel@feb.unair.ac.id
author_list:
- family: Shaari
  given: Mohd Shahidan
- family: Harun
  given: Nor Hidayah
- family: Esquivias
  given: Miguel Angel
- family: Abd Rani
  given: Mohd Juraij
- family: Abidin
  given: Zaharah Zainal
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1080/23311886.2023.2245638
files: []
issn: 2331-1886
journal: COGENT SOCIAL SCIENCES
keywords: 'tertiary education; property crime; inflation; job creation; employment;

  crime; >'
keywords-plus: 'LABOR-FORCE PARTICIPATION; INCOME INEQUALITY; REDUCE CRIME;

  UNEMPLOYMENT; RATES; CRIMINALITY; PRISON; DETERMINANTS; DETERRENCE; TIME'
language: English
month: DEC 15
number: '2'
number-of-cited-references: '79'
orcid-numbers: 'Padilla, Miguel Angel Esquivias/0000-0002-1282-6163

  Shaari, Mohd Shahidan/0000-0001-7032-1908'
papis_id: d77187853ae7d013df62c5fb76a00c49
ref: Shaari2023debunkingconventiona
researcherid-numbers: 'Padilla, Miguel Angel Esquivias/M-2485-2019

  '
times-cited: '0'
title: 'Debunking conventional wisdom: Higher tertiary education levels could lead
  to more property crimes in Malaysia'
type: Article
unique-id: WOS:001048391200001
usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
usage-count-since-2013: '0'
volume: '9'
web-of-science-categories: Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
year: '2023'