abstract: 'This article contrasts the earnings of high- and low-status care workers in Canada, the United States, Japan, the Republic of Korea and Taiwan (China) using the micro-data files of the Luxembourg Income Study. By disaggregating existing definitions of care work, the author identifies occupations with lower and higher degrees of social closure, revealing the associated care penalties and care bonuses cross-nationally. She also empirically measures the extent of similarities (and differences) between and within care economies in liberal and productivist developmental welfare regimes, offering support for the argument that globalization has fostered substantial convergence within the international care market.' affiliation: 'Lightman, N (Corresponding Author), Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Lightman, Naomi, Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.' author: Lightman, Naomi author-email: naomi.lightman@mail.utoronto.ca author_list: - family: Lightman given: Naomi da: '2023-09-28' doi: 10.1111/ilr.12001 eissn: 1564-913X files: [] issn: 0020-7780 journal: INTERNATIONAL LABOUR REVIEW keywords: 'care worker; wage differential; comparative study; Canada; Japan; Korea R; Taiwan; USA' keywords-plus: 'WELFARE REGIMES; GENDER; POLICY; JAPAN; GLOBALIZATION; INEQUALITIES; EMPLOYMENT; INSURANCE; EXPANSION; EARNINGS' language: English month: JUN number: '2' number-of-cited-references: '55' orcid-numbers: Lightman, Naomi/0000-0001-6070-0381 pages: 243-267 papis_id: 9879b2abf4c88e7e8b01a1f71dbbd9cf ref: Lightman2017discountedlabour times-cited: '14' title: Discounted labour? Disaggregating care work in comparative perspective type: Article unique-id: WOS:000411716900004 usage-count-last-180-days: '0' usage-count-since-2013: '19' volume: '156' web-of-science-categories: Economics; Industrial Relations \& Labor year: '2017'