abstract: 'Objectives Globally, unintentional injuries are one of the leading

  causes of infant death. Established risk factors for injuries during

  infancy include single parent households, socioeconomic disadvantage and

  maternal postpartum depression. We sought to examine whether maternal

  working status is associated with unintentional injury among infants in

  Japan.

  Methods We used data from an original questionnaire targeting mothers

  who participated in a 3 or 4-month health check-up program in Aichi

  prefecture, Japan. Experience of any type of unintentional injury was

  used as the primary outcome, and we also examined the experience of

  ``falls{''''} and ``near-drowning{''''} as secondary outcomes. We conducted

  multivariable logistic regression analysis, adjusting for covariates. We

  also performed propensity score matching in order to balance covariates

  between paid employment and unpaid employment groups.

  Results Among 6,465 valid responses (response rate, 67\%), 9.8\% of

  infants experienced unintentional injuries. After matching on propensity

  for maternal employment (based on 26 covariates), we found that infants

  of mothers in paid employment were 1.35 times (95\% CI: 1.04-1.74) more

  likely to experience injures, including 1.60 times higher likelihood of

  falls (95\% CI: 1.14-2.24). Near-drowning was not significantly

  associated with maternal employment. We also found that father''s

  employment status was positively associated with risk of falls.

  Conclusion Both multivariable logistic analysis and propensity score

  matching analysis revealed that maternal paid employment status was

  associated with unintentional injuries among Japanese infants. To

  prevent infant injuries, comprehensive support for working families

  should be considered.'
affiliation: 'Fujiwara, T (Corresponding Author), Tokyo Med \& Dent Univ, Dept Global
  Hlth Promot, Bunkyo Ku, 1-5-45 Yushima, Tokyo 1138519, Japan.

  Takizawa, Masaaki; Fujiwara, Takeo; Kizuki, Masashi; Nawa, Nobutoshi, Tokyo Med
  \& Dent Univ, Dept Global Hlth Promot, Bunkyo Ku, 1-5-45 Yushima, Tokyo 1138519,
  Japan.

  Kawachi, Ichiro; Kino, Shiho, Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Social \& Behav
  Sci, Boston, MA USA.'
author: Takizawa, Masaaki and Kawachi, Ichiro and Fujiwara, Takeo and Kizuki, Masashi
  and Nawa, Nobutoshi and Kino, Shiho
author-email: fujiwara.hlth@tmd.ac.jp
author_list:
- family: Takizawa
  given: Masaaki
- family: Kawachi
  given: Ichiro
- family: Fujiwara
  given: Takeo
- family: Kizuki
  given: Masashi
- family: Nawa
  given: Nobutoshi
- family: Kino
  given: Shiho
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1007/s10995-020-03083-2
earlyaccessdate: JAN 2021
eissn: 1573-6628
files: []
issn: 1092-7875
journal: MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL
keywords: Unintentional injury; Maternal working status; Infant; Propensity score
keywords-plus: YOUNG-CHILDREN; PARENTAL LEAVE; EMPLOYMENT; HEALTH; FAMILY; RISK
language: English
month: MAR
number: '3'
number-of-cited-references: '34'
orcid-numbers: Nawa, Nobutoshi/0000-0001-6785-7867
pages: 414-427
papis_id: a96125219458fba7411e5c99a7a5d621
ref: Takizawa2021associationmaternal
researcherid-numbers: Nawa, Nobutoshi/AAT-5292-2020
times-cited: '1'
title: Association Between Maternal Working Status and Unintentional Injuries Among
  3 to 4-Month-Old Infants in Japan
type: Article
unique-id: WOS:000605895000003
usage-count-last-180-days: '1'
usage-count-since-2013: '2'
volume: '25'
web-of-science-categories: Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health
year: '2021'