abstract: 'Context: The United States lacks timely reliable mechanisms for

  assessing the professional work of subspecialty physicians.

  Objective: The aim was to use early-career members of The Endocrine

  Society as a model to estimate subspecialty physician involvement in

  patient care, teaching, research, and administration among clinical,

  academic, federal, and pharmaceutical/biotech workplaces and to assess

  the workforce for research within individual workplaces.

  Methods: Physicians joining The Endocrine Society from 1991-2005 and

  residing in North America were invited to complete a Web-based survey.

  This report relies on 817 early-career endocrinologists or 29.6\% of

  eligible respondents.

  Results: Respondents from all types of workplaces engaged in patient

  care, teaching, research, and administration. The time committed to the

  four tasks, however, differed significantly among workplaces. Research

  (basic, translational, disease, patient, population, and prevention) was

  accomplished within all workplaces, but the scope and scale of

  investigative work was employer dependent. Recipients of National

  Institutes of Health K08/23 awards succeeded in receiving federal

  research project grants (P < 0.001). Respondents associated research

  with lowered incomes, a perception validated by an estimated drop in

  annual earnings of 2.8\% per half-day spent on research (P < 0.001).

  Women in academic settings earned less than men (P < 0.01) and were less

  likely to occupy tenure-eligible positions (P < 0.01).

  Conclusions: Web-based surveys offer a simple tool for estimating the

  work of subspecialty physicians and provide a framework for improving

  biomedical investigation. Several interventions should be considered for

  endocrinology: recruit physicians from underrepresented demographic

  groups, increase K08/23 awards, incentivize investigative careers, and

  improve the national infrastructure for biomedical research. (J Clin

  Endocrinol Metab 96: 923-933, 2011)'
affiliation: 'Desjardins, C (Corresponding Author), Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept
  Physiol \& Biophys, Clin Scholars Project, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.

  Desjardins, Claude, Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept Physiol \& Biophys, Clin Scholars
  Project, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.

  Bach, Mark A., Janssen Pharmaceut KK, Div Res \& Dev, Chiyoda Ku, Tokyo 1010065,
  Japan.

  Cappola, Anne R., Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet \& Metab, Philadelphia,
  PA 19104 USA.

  Seely, Ellen W., Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham \& Womens Hosp, Div Endocrinol Diabet
  \& Hypertens, Boston, MA 01215 USA.

  Ehrenberg, Ronald G., Cornell Univ, Sch Ind \& Labor Relat, Cornell Higher Educ
  Res Inst, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.

  Ehrenberg, Ronald G., Cornell Univ, Sch Ind \& Labor Relat, Dept Labor Econ, Ithaca,
  NY 14853 USA.'
author: Desjardins, Claude and Bach, Mark A. and Cappola, Anne R. and Seely, Ellen
  W. and Ehrenberg, Ronald G.
author-email: clauded@uic.edu
author_list:
- family: Desjardins
  given: Claude
- family: Bach
  given: Mark A.
- family: Cappola
  given: Anne R.
- family: Seely
  given: Ellen W.
- family: Ehrenberg
  given: Ronald G.
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-1568
files: []
issn: 0021-972X
journal: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY \& METABOLISM
keywords-plus: 'HEALTH-CARE; ACADEMIC MEDICINE; PHYSICIAN-SCIENTISTS; RESEARCH

  ENTERPRISE; RACIAL DISPARITIES; FAMILY-HISTORY; NIH; CHALLENGES;

  PREVENTION; DISEASES'
language: English
month: APR
number: '4'
number-of-cited-references: '41'
pages: 923-933
papis_id: 23f5ce60838578ae79be1fba0d5a07f4
ref: Desjardins2011dissectingworkforce
times-cited: '4'
title: Dissecting the Workforce and Workplace for Clinical Endocrinology, and the
  Work of Endocrinologists Early in Their Careers
type: Editorial Material
unique-id: WOS:000289242800030
usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
usage-count-since-2013: '4'
volume: '96'
web-of-science-categories: Endocrinology \& Metabolism
year: '2011'