abstract: 'BackgroundImproved understanding of vegetable intake changes between

  pregnancy and postpartum may inform future intervention targets to

  establish healthy home food environments. Therefore, the goal of this

  study was to explore the changes in vegetable intake between pregnancy

  and the postnatal period and explore maternal and sociodemographic

  factors that are associated with these changes.MethodsWe examined

  sociodemographic, dietary, and health characteristics of healthy mothers

  18-43y from the prospective Infant Feeding Practices II cohort (n=847)

  (2005-2012). Mothers completed a modified version of the diet history

  questionnaire, a food-frequency measure, developed by the National

  Cancer Institute. We created four categories of mothers, those that

  were: meeting vegetablerecommendations post- but not prenatally (n=121;

  improved intake), not meeting vegetable recommendations during pregnancy

  and postnatally (n=370; stable inadequate), meeting recommendations pre-

  but not postnatally (n=123; reduced intake), and meeting recommendations

  at both time points (n=233; stable adequate). To make our results more

  relevant to public health recommendations, we were interested in

  comparing the improved vegetable intake group vs. stable inadequate

  vegetable intake group, as well as those that reduced their vegetable

  intake compared to the stable adequate vegetable intake group. Separate

  multivariable-adjusted logistic regression were used to examine

  sociodemographic predictors of improved vs. stable inadequate and

  reduced vs. stable adequate vegetable intake.ResultsWomen with improved

  vegetable intake vs. stable inadequate smoked fewercigarettes while

  women with reduced vegetable intake vs. stable adequate were more likely

  to experience less pregnancy weight gain. In adjusted models, employed

  women had greater odds of reduced vegetable intake (OR=1.64 95\% CI

  1.14-2.36). In exploratory analyses, employment was associated with

  greater odds of reduced vegetable intake among low-income (OR=1.79; 95\%

  CI 1.03-3.1), but not higher income women (OR=1.31; 95\% CI 0.94-1.84).

  After further adjustment for paid maternity leave, employment was no

  longer associated with vegetable intake among lower income women (OR:

  1.53; 95\% CI: 0.76-3.05).ConclusionsMore women with reduced vs. stable

  adequate vegetable intake were lower income and worked full time.

  Improved access to paid maternity leave may help reduce disparities in

  vegetable quality between lower and higher income women.'
affiliation: 'Tovar, A (Corresponding Author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nutr \& Food Sci,
  41 Lower Coll Rd, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.

  Tovar, Alison; Vadiveloo, Maya, Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nutr \& Food Sci, 41 Lower
  Coll Rd, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.

  Kaar, Jill L.; Dabelea, Dana, Univ Colorado Anschutz Med Campus, Sch Med, Dept Pediat,
  Aurora, CO USA.

  McCurdy, Karen, Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Human Dev \& Family Studies, Kingston, RI 02881
  USA.

  Field, Alison E., Brown Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Providence, RI 02912 USA.

  Kaar, Jill L.; Dabelea, Dana, Univ Colorado Anschutz Med Campus, Colorado Sch Publ
  Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO USA.'
article-number: '267'
author: Tovar, Alison and Kaar, Jill L. and McCurdy, Karen and Field, Alison E. and
  Dabelea, Dana and Vadiveloo, Maya
author-email: Alison\_tovar@uri.edu
author_list:
- family: Tovar
  given: Alison
- family: Kaar
  given: Jill L.
- family: McCurdy
  given: Karen
- family: Field
  given: Alison E.
- family: Dabelea
  given: Dana
- family: Vadiveloo
  given: Maya
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1186/s12884-019-2353-0
eissn: 1471-2393
files: []
journal: BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
keywords: Vegetable intake; Pregnancy; Employment; Maternity leave
keywords-plus: 'DIET QUALITY; FEEDING PRACTICES; WEIGHT STATUS; FOOD CHOICES;

  CONSUMPTION; PATTERNS; FRUIT; AGE; MACRONUTRIENT; ACCEPTANCE'
language: English
month: JUL 26
number-of-cited-references: '42'
orcid-numbers: 'Kaar, Jill Landsbaugh/0000-0001-9487-7476

  Tovar, Alison/0000-0002-1559-592X'
papis_id: 91c70cc97b0de62795fd78e7050a0f7d
ref: Tovar2019maternalvegetable
researcherid-numbers: 'Kaar, Jill Landsbaugh/K-8121-2019

  Field, Alison/AAA-4508-2021

  '
times-cited: '9'
title: Maternal vegetable intake during and after pregnancy
type: Article
unique-id: WOS:000477624200001
usage-count-last-180-days: '1'
usage-count-since-2013: '4'
volume: '19'
web-of-science-categories: Obstetrics \& Gynecology
year: '2019'