abstract: 'The rise in female labor market participation and the growth of

  ``atypical{''''} employment arrangements has, over the last few decades,

  brought about a steadily decreasing percentage of households in which

  the man is the sole breadwinner, and a rising percentage of dual-earner

  households. Against this backdrop, the paper investigates how household

  contexts in which the traditional ``male breadwinner{''''} model still

  exists or has already been challenged affect individuals'' subjective

  evaluations of the justice of their personal earnings. In the first step

  we derive three criteria used by individuals to evaluate the fairness or

  justice of their personal earnings: compensation for services rendered,

  coverage of basic needs, and the opportunity to earn social approval. In

  the second step, we apply considerations from household economics and

  new approaches from gender research to explain why men''s and women''s

  evaluations of justice are determined to a considerable degree by the

  specific situation within their household. The assumptions derived

  regarding gender-specific patterns in justice attitudes are then tested

  on data from the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP) from 2007 and

  2005. The results support our central thesis that gender-specific

  patterns in the evaluation of personal earnings are both reduced and

  increased in dual-earner households. They are reduced because women in

  dual-income households tend to have higher income expectations that

  challenge the existing gender wage gap. At the same time,

  gender-specific patterns are increased because men evaluate the equity

  of their personal income in relation to their ability to fulfill

  traditional gender norms and thus their capacity to live up to

  corresponding notions of ``masculinity.{''''}'
affiliation: 'Liebig, S (Corresponding Author), Univ Bielefeld, Fak Soziol, Postfach
  10 01 31, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany.

  Liebig, Stefan, Univ Bielefeld, Fak Soziol, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany.

  Sauer, Carsten, Univ Bielefeld, DFG Projekt Projekt faktorielle Survey Als Instru,
  D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany.

  Schupp, Juergen, Deutsch Inst Wirtschaftsforsch, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.'
author: Liebig, Stefan and Sauer, Carsten and Schupp, Juergen
author-email: 'stefan.liebig@uni-bielefeld.de

  carsten.sauer@uni-bielefeld.de

  jschupp@diw.de'
author_list:
- family: Liebig
  given: Stefan
- family: Sauer
  given: Carsten
- family: Schupp
  given: Juergen
da: '2023-09-28'
doi: 10.1007/s11577-010-0123-0
eissn: 1861-891X
files: []
issn: 0023-2653
journal: KOLNER ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SOZIOLOGIE UND SOZIALPSYCHOLOGIE
keywords: Income equality; Gender; Dual-earner households; Gender norms; Wage gap
keywords-plus: 'SEGREGATION; ALLOCATION; INEQUALITY; MONEY; DIVISION; EARNINGS; STATES;

  END'
language: German
month: MAR
number: '1'
number-of-cited-references: '49'
orcid-numbers: 'Schupp, Juergen/0000-0001-5273-643X

  Liebig, Stefan/0000-0002-9977-6874

  Sauer, Carsten/0000-0002-8090-6886'
pages: 33-59
papis_id: f0c6a63b9c00d680e3f25480d88acca1
ref: Liebig2011perceivedjustice
researcherid-numbers: 'Schupp, Juergen/D-2721-2011

  Liebig, Stefan/D-4785-2013

  '
times-cited: '11'
title: 'The perceived justice of personal income: gender-specific patterns and the
  importance of the household context'
type: Article
unique-id: WOS:000288529100002
usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
usage-count-since-2013: '35'
volume: '63'
web-of-science-categories: Psychology, Social; Sociology
year: '2011'