@article{ WOS:000826426000001, Author = {Pei, Zhi and Fang, Tao and Weng, Kebiao and Yi, Wenchao}, Title = {Urban On-Demand Delivery via Autonomous Aerial Mobility: Formulation and Exact Algorithm}, Journal = {IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING}, Year = {2023}, Volume = {20}, Number = {3}, Pages = {1675-1689}, Month = {JUL}, Abstract = {The implementation of the autonomous unmanned aerial mobility is a game changer for the on-demand delivery service in the crowded urban setting. In this study, the first of its kind commercial unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) urban delivery program in China is targeted. Different from the traditional ground pickup and delivery services, the aerial mode considers not only the time window constraints, but also the spatial conflicts incurred during the take-off and landing operations of UAVs. To obtain the optimal flying routes of the focused problem, a mixed integer programming model is formulated. Due to its inherent complexity, the optimal schedule cannot be attained within acceptable time via the off-the-shelf solvers. To help speed up the solving process, a branch-and-cut based exact algorithm is proposed, together with a series of customized valid inequalities. To further accelerate, a greedy insertion heuristic is designed to secure high-quality initial solutions. In the numerical section, it is observed that the algorithm proposed in this paper can help solve the real-life on-demand UAV delivery problem to near optimum (within 5\% optimality gap) within reasonable computation time (in 5 minutes). Note to Practitioners-With the increase of labor cost, the distribution cost increases very rapidly. In the meantime, the employment of automated vehicles for logistics reshapes the landscape of the urban last-mile delivery. As an efficient courier carrier, the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is trending the autonomous delivery endeavour. When integrating UAVs into the urban delivery program, practitioners need to pay special attention to the scheduling of UAVs at the operational level in addition to the hardware of the UAVs. To help solve the UAV dispatch problem, we propose an online scheduling scheme, considering the spatial conflict constraints in the actual UAV operations. And an exact algorithm is designed to accelerate the solving process. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve near optimal dispatch plan with 5\% optimality gap in 5 minutes. Furthermore, it is discovered that the demand pooling is an essential decision to make for UAV-based delivery. Longer pooling time can increase the UAV efficiency with more realized demand information, but too much pooling could lead to prolonged customer waiting and a low service level.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Yi, WC (Corresponding Author), Zhejiang Univ Technol, Coll Mech Engn, Hangzhou 310023, Peoples R China. Pei, Zhi; Fang, Tao; Weng, Kebiao; Yi, Wenchao, Zhejiang Univ Technol, Coll Mech Engn, Hangzhou 310023, Peoples R China.}, DOI = {10.1109/TASE.2022.3184324}, EarlyAccessDate = {JUN 2022}, ISSN = {1545-5955}, EISSN = {1558-3783}, Keywords = {Drones; Logistics; Autonomous aerial vehicles; Routing; Transportation; Job shop scheduling; Dynamic scheduling; UAV; urban aerial delivery; pickup and delivery; on-demand; branch-and-cut}, Keywords-Plus = {DRONE; BRANCH; PICKUP; TRUCK; CUT}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Automation \& Control Systems}, Author-Email = {yiwenchao@zjut.edu.cn}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {fang, tao/IQU-3074-2023}, Number-of-Cited-References = {25}, Times-Cited = {3}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {16}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {41}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000826426000001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000333867700007, Author = {Panou, Konstantinos and Proios, George}, Title = {Modeling Transportation Affordability with Cumulative Density Function of Mathematical Beta Distribution}, Journal = {TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD}, Year = {2013}, Number = {2397}, Pages = {53-60}, Abstract = {Transportation affordability refers to people's financial ability to access important goods and activities such as work, education, medical care, basic shopping, and socializing. Making transportation more affordable can produce considerable socioeconomic benefits by lowering the costs and boosting mobility for people who are more disadvantaged. More affordable transportation is equivalent to higher income. There are many factors to consider when evaluating transportation affordability, including housing affordability; land use factors that affect accessibility; the quantity, quality, and pricing of mobility options; and individuals' mobility needs and abilities. Traditional transportation planning takes hardly any transportation affordability considerations into account. Greater emphasis on this field would shed more light on affordability effects and help policy makers to identify more affordable transportation solutions. However, to take transportation affordability into account, there should be practical ways of evaluating it. This paper investigates the concept of transportation affordability and suggests a metric for its measurement. The metric calculates affordability on the basis of the trade-offs that households make between transportation and housing costs. The transportation costs considered include car ownership, car use, and public transport costs. The suggested approach can be applied to any spatial zone (e.g., neighborhood or other) to reflect the average expenditure that households are willing to make to satisfy their basic travel needs.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Panou, K (Corresponding Author), Univ Aegean, Dept Shipping Trade \& Transport, Korai 2A, Chios 82100, Greece. Panou, Konstantinos; Proios, George, Univ Aegean, Dept Shipping Trade \& Transport, Chios 82100, Greece.}, DOI = {10.3141/2397-07}, ISSN = {0361-1981}, EISSN = {2169-4052}, Keywords-Plus = {NEIGHBORHOOD}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science \& Technology}, Author-Email = {panou@aegean.gr}, ORCID-Numbers = {Panou, Konstantinos/0000-0002-6552-111X}, Number-of-Cited-References = {28}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {7}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000333867700007}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000354645600001, Author = {Muinga, Naomi and Sen, Barbara and Ayieko, Philip and Todd, Jim and English, Mike}, Title = {Access to and value of information to support good practice for staff in Kenyan hospitals}, Journal = {GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION}, Year = {2015}, Volume = {8}, Abstract = {Background: Studies have sought to define information needs of health workers within very specific settings or projects. Lacking in the literature is how hospitals in low-income settings are able to meet the information needs of their staff and the use of information communication technologies (ICT) in day-to-day information searching. Objective: The study aimed to explore where professionals in Kenyan hospitals turn to for work-related information in their day-to-day work. Additionally, it examined what existing solutions are provided by hospitals with regard to provision of best practice care. Lastly, the study explored the use of ICT in information searching. Design: Data for this study were collected in July 2012. Self-administered questionnaires (SAQs) were distributed across 22 study hospitals with an aim to get a response from 34 health workers per hospital. Results: SAQs were collected from 657 health workers. The most popular sources of information to guide work were fellow health workers and printed guidelines while the least popular were scientific journals. Of value to health workers were: national treatment policies, new research findings, regular reports from surveillance data, information on costs of services and information on their performance of routine clinical tasks; however, hospitals only partially met these needs. Barriers to accessing information sources included: `not available/difficult to get' and `difficult to understand'. ICT use for information seeking was reported and with demographic specific differences noted from the multivariate logistic regression model; nurses compared to medical doctors and older workers were less likely to use ICT for health information searching. Barriers to accessing Internet were identified as: high costs and the lack of the service at home or at work. Conclusions: Hospitals need to provide appropriate information by improving information dissemination efforts and providing an enabling environment that allows health workers find the information they need for best practice.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Muinga, N (Corresponding Author), KEMRI Wellcome Trust Res Programme, Dept Publ Hlth Res, POB 43640, Nairobi 00100, Kenya. Muinga, Naomi; Ayieko, Philip; English, Mike, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Res Programme, Dept Publ Hlth Res, Nairobi 00100, Kenya. Sen, Barbara, Univ Sheffield, Informat Sch, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. Todd, Jim, Univ London London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med, Dept Populat Hlth, London WC1E 7HT, England. English, Mike, Univ Oxford, Dept Paediat, Oxford, England. English, Mike, Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England.}, DOI = {10.3402/gha.v8.26559}, Article-Number = {26559}, ISSN = {1654-9880}, Keywords = {health information; information needs of health workers; ICT; information sources; information seeking}, Keywords-Plus = {HEALTH-CARE PROVIDERS; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; SEEKING BEHAVIOR; DEVELOPING-WORLD; NEEDS; WORKERS; PRACTITIONERS; GUIDELINES; PROGRAM; LIFE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {nmuinga@kemri-wellcome.org}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Muinga, Naomi/J-1263-2019 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Muinga, Naomi/0000-0002-0749-0255 Todd, Jim/0000-0001-5918-4914 English, Michael/0000-0002-7427-0826}, Number-of-Cited-References = {33}, Times-Cited = {3}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {14}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000354645600001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000653533500001, Author = {Ndimbii, James and Guise, Andy and Igonya, Emmy Kageha and Owiti, Frederick and Strathdee, Steffanie and Rhodes, Tim}, Title = {Qualitative Analysis of Community Support to Methadone Access in Kenya}, Journal = {SUBSTANCE USE \& MISUSE}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {56}, Number = {9}, Pages = {1312-1319}, Month = {JUL 29}, Abstract = {Background Methadone, as part of Medically Assisted Therapy (MAT) for treatment of opioid dependence and supporting HIV prevention and treatment, has been recently introduced in Kenya. Few low income settings have implemented methadone, so there is little evidence to guide ongoing scale-up across the region. We specifically consider the role of community level access barriers and support. Objectives To inform ongoing MAT implementation we implemented a qualitative study to understand access barriers and enablers at a community level. Methods We conducted 30 semi-structured interviews with people who use drugs accessing MAT, supplemented by interviews with 2 stakeholders, linked to participant observation in a community drop in center within one urban area in Kenya. We used thematic analysis. Results We developed five themes to express experiences of factors enabling and disabling MAT access and how community support can address these: 1) time, travel and economic hardship; 2) managing methadone and contingencies of life, 3) peer support among MAT clients as treatment ambassadors, 4) family relations, and 5)outreach project contributions. Crosscutting themes address managing socioeconomic constraints and gender inequities. Conclusions People who use drugs experience and manage socio-economic constraints and gender inequities in accessing MAT with the support of local communities. We discuss how these access barriers could be addressed through strengthening the participation of networks of people who use drugs in drug treatment and supporting community projects working with people who use drugs. We also explore potential for how socio-economic constraints could be managed within an integrated health and social care response.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Ndimbii, J (Corresponding Author), Kenya AIDS NGOs Consortium, Nairobi, Kenya. Ndimbii, James, Kenya AIDS NGOs Consortium, Nairobi, Kenya. Guise, Andy, Kings Coll London, Sch Populat Hlth \& Environm Sci, London, England. Igonya, Emmy Kageha; Owiti, Frederick, Univ Nairobi, Sch Med, Nairobi, Kenya. Igonya, Emmy Kageha; Owiti, Frederick, Kenya \& African Populat \& Hlth Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. Igonya, Emmy Kageha, Univ Nairobi, Sch Med, Nairobi, Kenya. Strathdee, Steffanie, Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, San Diego, CA USA. Rhodes, Tim, London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med, Ctr Res Drugs \& Hlth Behav, London, England. Rhodes, Tim, Univ New S Wales, Syndey, NSW, Australia.}, DOI = {10.1080/10826084.2021.1922450}, EarlyAccessDate = {APR 2021}, ISSN = {1082-6084}, EISSN = {1532-2491}, Keywords-Plus = {OPIOID SUBSTITUTION THERAPY; DRUG-USERS; STRUCTURAL INTERVENTIONS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HIV PREVENTION; ENVIRONMENTS; PEOPLE; HEROIN; IMPACT}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Substance Abuse; Psychiatry; Psychology}, Author-Email = {jndmbii@gmail.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Rhodes, Tim/DNJ-9679-2022 Kageha Igonya, Emmy/GXH-9864-2022 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Ndimbii, James/0000-0003-2291-0868 Rhodes, Tim/0000-0003-2400-9838}, Number-of-Cited-References = {44}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {2}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000653533500001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000639945900001, Author = {Gica, Oana Adriana and Coros, Monica Maria and Moisescu, Ovidiu Ioan and Yallop, Anca C.}, Title = {Transformative rural tourism strategies as tools for sustainable development in Transylvania, Romania: a case study of Sancraiu}, Journal = {WORLDWIDE HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM THEMES}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {13}, Number = {1, SI}, Pages = {124-138}, Month = {JUN 15}, Abstract = {Purpose According to the United Nations World Tourism Organization, sustainable tourism is a form of tourism that meets the needs of present tourists and host regions, while protecting and enhancing the opportunity for the future. It aims at having a low impact upon the environment and local culture; generating income and employment; and ensuring the conservation of local ecosystems. This paper aims to examine the ways in which the development and promotion of a new tourism product based on unique rural heritage and traditions contribute to the development of sustainable tourism by relating the practices to the sustainable development goals (SDGs) 1, 8, 10, 11, 12 and 17. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on a literature review on the topic of sustainable rural tourism, this paper uses a case-study methodological approach and provides an example of a sustainable rural tourism destination from the North Western development region of Romania (Cluj County, Transylvania) to depict specific sustainable tourism practices. The study uses a comprehensive desk-research based on secondary data from key industry and academic sources. Findings The research findings show that sustainable rural tourism can greatly support the development of rural destination and makes a significant contribution to the sustainable development of the Romanian tourism industry, in general, and rural economies in particular, as shown in the case examined in the paper. Sancraiu represents an example of sustainable tourism practices that contribute to poverty reduction (SDG1 - Target 1.A), provide decent work and ensure economic growth (SDG8 - Target 8.9), help reducing inequalities (SDG10 - Target 10.3), protect and safeguard the world's cultural and natural heritage (SDG 11 - Target 11.4), promote responsible consumption and production (SDG 21 - Target 12.b) and last but not least this destination demonstrates that development is only possible when partnerships are forged (SDG 17). Social implications This paper illustrates that fostering unique rural heritage and traditions can contribute to the sustainable development of destinations. Sustainable tourism practices contribute not only financially to a destination but also to its social infrastructures, jobs, nature conservation, adoption of new working practices and the revitalisation of passive and poor rural areas. Originality/value This paper examines and depicts sustainable rural tourism development as a transformative strategy contributing to the long-term viability of a rural destination. The research findings can be viewed as an example of good practice, which may be applicable to other geographic regions with similar contexts.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Yallop, AC (Corresponding Author), Auckland Univ Technol, Dept Int Business Strategy \& Entrepreneurship, Auckland, New Zealand. Gica, Oana Adriana; Coros, Monica Maria, Babes Bolyai Univ, Fac Business, Dept Hospitality Serv, Cluj Napoca, Romania. Moisescu, Ovidiu Ioan, Babes Bolyai Univ, Fac Econ \& Business Adm, Cluj Napoca, Romania. Yallop, Anca C., Auckland Univ Technol, Dept Int Business Strategy \& Entrepreneurship, Auckland, New Zealand.}, DOI = {10.1108/WHATT-08-2020-0088}, EarlyAccessDate = {APR 2021}, ISSN = {1755-4217}, EISSN = {1755-4225}, Keywords = {Romania; Rural tourism; Case study; Sustainable development goals; Sancraiu; Transformative strategies}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Hospitality, Leisure, Sport \& Tourism}, Author-Email = {oana.gica@tbs.ubbcluj.ro monica.coros@tbs.ubbcluj.ro ovidiu.moisescu@econ.ubbcluj.ro anca.yallop@aut.ac.nz}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Gica, Oana Adriana/AAX-9359-2020 Moisescu, Ovidiu I./C-1175-2013 Coros, Monica Maria/M-9434-2017 Gica, Oana/AAS-6168-2021 Yallop, Anca/AAC-8628-2019}, ORCID-Numbers = {Gica, Oana Adriana/0000-0001-7958-1036 Moisescu, Ovidiu I./0000-0003-0097-5660 Coros, Monica Maria/0000-0002-1966-8954 Gica, Oana/0000-0001-7958-1036 Yallop, Anca/0000-0002-1391-9900}, Number-of-Cited-References = {43}, Times-Cited = {6}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {6}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {29}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000639945900001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000719990000001, Author = {Sutherns, Tammy and Olivier, Jill}, Title = {Mapping the Multiple Health System Responsiveness Mechanisms in One Local Health System: A Scoping Review of the Western Cape Provincial Health System of South Africa}, Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH POLICY AND MANAGEMENT}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {11}, Number = {1, SI}, Pages = {67-79}, Month = {JAN}, Abstract = {Background: Despite governments striving for responsive health systems and the implementation of mechanisms to foster better citizen feedback and strengthen accountability and stewardship, these mechanisms do not always function in effective, equitable, or efficient ways. There is also limited evidence that maps the diverse array of responsiveness mechanisms coherently across a particular health system, especially in low-and middle-income country (LMIC) contexts. Methods: This scoping review presents a cross-sectional `map' of types of health system responsiveness mechanisms; the regulatory environment; and evidence available about these; and assesses what is known about their functionality in a particular local South African health system; the Western Cape (WC) province. Multiple forms of indexed and grey literature were synthesized to provide a contextualized understanding of current `formal' responsiveness mechanisms mandated in national and provincial policies and guidelines (n = 379). Various forms of secondary analysis were applied across quantitative and qualitative data, including thematic and time-series analyses. An expert checking process was conducted, with three local field experts, as a final step to check the veracity of the analytics and conclusions made. Results: National, provincial and district policies make provision for health system responsiveness, including varied mechanisms intended to foster public feedback. However, while some are shown to be functioning and effective, there are major barriers faced by all, such as resource and capacity constraints, and a lack of clarity about roles and responsibilities. Most mechanisms exist in isolation, failing to feed into an overarching strategy for improved responsiveness. Conclusion: The lack of synergy between mechanisms or analysis of varied forms of feedback is a missed opportunity. Decision-makers are unable to see trends or gaps in the flow of feedback, check whether all voices are heard or fully understand whether/how systemic response occurs. Urgent health system work lies in the research of macro `whole' systems responsiveness (levels, development, trends).}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Sutherns, T (Corresponding Author), Univ Cape Town, Sch Publ Hlth \& Med, Div Hlth Policy \& Syst, Cape Town, South Africa. Sutherns, Tammy; Olivier, Jill, Univ Cape Town, Sch Publ Hlth \& Med, Div Hlth Policy \& Syst, Cape Town, South Africa.}, DOI = {10.34172/ijhpm.2021.85}, EarlyAccessDate = {AUG 2021}, EISSN = {2322-5939}, Keywords = {South Africa; Health System; Responsiveness; Accountability; Feedback Mechanism}, Keywords-Plus = {MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; CARE; ACCOUNTABILITY; PARTICIPATION; LANGUAGE; BARRIER; SECTOR}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services; Health Policy \& Services}, Author-Email = {tlsuth@gmail.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Olivier, Jill/M-9735-2015 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Olivier, Jill/0000-0001-9155-6896 Sutherns, Tammy/0000-0001-6838-0212}, Number-of-Cited-References = {69}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {2}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {6}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000719990000001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000447751500013, Author = {Mbalinda, Scovia and Hjelmstedt, Anna and Nissen, Eva and Odongkara, Beatrice Mpora and Waiswa, Peter and Svensson, Kristin}, Title = {Experience of perceived barriers and enablers of safe uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact during the first hour after birth in Uganda}, Journal = {MIDWIFERY}, Year = {2018}, Volume = {67}, Pages = {95-102}, Month = {DEC}, Abstract = {Objective: To identify barriers and enablers to conducting safe uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact (SSC) in the first hour after birth in a low-resource setting and to evaluate how health care professionals coped with the identified barriers after completion of an intervention package. Design and setting: A qualitative method using focus-group and individual interviews with health professionals at a governmental hospital in Uganda. Participants: 81 health professionals. Interventions: A 6-step intervention package including, amongst other things, showing a DVD on safe uninterrupted SSC following birth and discussing with the professionals what barriers and possibilities there were to changing practice to allow SSC for one hour. Measurements and findings: The thematic analysis of the intervention interviews yielded the following themes: Perceived barriers including medical events, psychosocial issues and standard midwifery practice; Pragmatic barriers including economic constraints in the hospital and community; Anticipated barriers by staff and families; Enabling events including staff involvement. Most of the barriers involving expenses were not solved. When the mother and infant had to move to the postnatal ward within one hour after birth, there were difficulties in keeping SSC during the transportation, but this obstacle was partly solved. A few mothers (i.e. depressed and/or adolescent) were considered to be unwilling to keep the infant skin-to-skin; this difficulty was not solved. Practising SSC led the participants to find advantages such as reduced work load and positive effects on pain during suturing. Conclusions: SSC following birth was shown to be applicable and accepted by the health professionals. The involvement of professionals had clinical implications, such as initiatives to broadcast the message of SSC by radio to the community and introduce SSC to women having a Caesarean section. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Hjelmstedt, A (Corresponding Author), Karolinska Inst, Dept Womens \& Childrens Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden. Mbalinda, Scovia, Makerere Univ, Dept Nursing, Coll Hlth Sci, Kampala, Uganda. Hjelmstedt, Anna; Nissen, Eva; Svensson, Kristin, Karolinska Inst, Dept Womens \& Childrens Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden. Odongkara, Beatrice Mpora, Gulu Univ, Gulu Reg Referral \& Teaching Hosp, Dept Paediat \& Child Hlth, Gulu, Uganda. Waiswa, Peter, Karolinska Inst, Hlth Syst Policy, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Stockholm, Sweden. Waiswa, Peter, Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Maternal Newborn \& Child Hlth Ctr Excellence, Kampala, Uganda. Svensson, Kristin, Karolinska Univ Hosp, Solna, Sweden.}, DOI = {10.1016/j.midw.2018.09.009}, ISSN = {0266-6138}, EISSN = {1532-3099}, Keywords = {Skin-to-skin contact; Health professionals; Implementation; Focus-group interview; Low-income setting}, Keywords-Plus = {MOTHER-INFANT INTERACTION; BREAST; CARE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Nursing}, Author-Email = {anna.hjelmstedt@ki.se}, ORCID-Numbers = {N Mbalinda, Scovia/0000-0002-4945-130X svensson, kristin/0000-0002-7138-6209}, Number-of-Cited-References = {34}, Times-Cited = {5}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {9}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000447751500013}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000836605400016, Author = {Alajajian, Stephen and Abril, Andrea Guzman and Proano, V, Gabriela and Jimenez, Elizabeth Yakes and Rohloff, Peter}, Title = {Mixed-Methods Implementation Study of a Home Garden Intervention in Rural Guatemala Using the RE-AIM Framework}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {122}, Number = {7}, Pages = {1363-1374}, Month = {JUL}, Abstract = {Background Home gardening is a strategy to improve nutrition and food security. More information is needed about optimizing gardens in different contexts. Objective The aim was to identify implementation barriers and facilitators for a home gardening intervention in rural Guatemala and inform future larger-scale interventions in the region. Design A mixed-methods implementation study using the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework was conducted from January 2019 to July 2020. Participants/setting Families (n = 70) in rural Guatemala participated in the intervention. Staff (n = 4), families (n = 6), and community stakeholders (n = 3) participated in interviews or focus groups. Intervention Participating households received seeds and seedlings for 16 crops, garden construction materials, agronomist-delivered education and assistance, and a standard-of-care nutrition program. Main outcome measures Implementation data were collected from program records and observations, participant surveys, and interviews and focus groups. Crop count and nutritional functional diversity of home gardens were assessed. Statistical analyses performed Descriptive statistics were calculated for quantitative outcomes. Qualitative data were double-coded and organized into overarching themes. Results Reach: Ninety percent of eligible households participated. Child nutritional eligibility criteria was a barrier to reach. Effectiveness: Participants and stakeholders felt the intervention improved access to diverse foods. Cultivated crops increased an average of five species (95\% confidence interval {[}CI], 4-6) at 6 months, although not all were consumed. Adoption: The main community adoption barrier was water sourcing for garden irrigation.Implementation: Raised beds were the most common gardening method, with good adoption of agricultural best practices. Gray water filters and flexible implementation were important for participation. Maintenance: Crops failure rates were low. Seed availability was a sustainability challenge. Direct costs were 763 USD per household. Conclusions Interest and engagement with a home garden intervention in Guatemala were high. Gaps between garden production and consumption, access to water, and seed sourcing should be addressed in future work.}, Type = {Editorial Material}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Rohloff, P (Corresponding Author), 2da Ave 3-48 Zona 3, Tecpan, Chimaltenango, Guatemala. Alajajian, Stephen; Proano, Gabriela, V, Acad Nutr \& Dietet Fdn, Chicago, IL USA. Abril, Andrea Guzman; Rohloff, Peter, Wuqu Kawoq Alianza Maya Salud, Tecpan, Chimaltenango, Guatemala. Jimenez, Elizabeth Yakes, Acad Nutr \& Dietet, Nutr Res Network, Chicago, IL USA. Jimenez, Elizabeth Yakes, Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Jimenez, Elizabeth Yakes, Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Jimenez, Elizabeth Yakes, Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Populat Hlth, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.}, DOI = {10.1016/j.jand.2022.03.005}, ISSN = {2212-2672}, EISSN = {2212-2680}, Keywords-Plus = {SENSITIVE AGRICULTURE; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; NUTRITION; HEALTH; IMPACT; AGROBIODIVERSITY; OPPORTUNITIES; CHILDREN; PROGRAMS; WOMEN}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Nutrition \& Dietetics}, Author-Email = {peter@wuqukawoq.org}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Rohloff, Peter/P-8722-2017 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Rohloff, Peter/0000-0001-7274-8315 Alajajian, Stephen/0000-0001-9203-8994 Proano, Gabriela/0000-0002-0794-6427 Yakes Jimenez, Elizabeth/0000-0003-0315-7022 Guzman Abril, Andrea Paola/0000-0003-1277-3177}, Number-of-Cited-References = {54}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {4}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {7}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000836605400016}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000770613100001, Author = {Kamvura, Tiny Tinashe and Dambi, Jermaine M. and Chiriseri, Ephraim and Turner, Jean and Verhey, Ruth and Chibanda, Dixon}, Title = {Barriers to the provision of non-communicable disease care in Zimbabwe: a qualitative study of primary health care nurses}, Journal = {BMC NURSING}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {21}, Number = {1}, Month = {MAR 18}, Abstract = {Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) contribute significantly to the global disease burden, with low-and middle-income (LMICs) countries disproportionately affected. A significant knowledge gap in NCDs exacerbates the high burden, worsened by perennial health system challenges, including human and financial resources constraints. Primary health care workers play a crucial role in offering health care to most people in LMICs, and their views on the barriers to the provision of quality care for NCDs are critical. This study explored perceived barriers to providing NCDs care in primary health care facilities in Zimbabwe. Methods In-depth, individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with general nurses in primary care facilities until data saturation was reached. We focused on diabetes, hypertension, and depression, the three most common conditions in primary care in Zimbabwe. We used thematic content analysis based on an interview guide developed following a situational analysis of NCDs care in Zimbabwe and views from patients with lived experiences. Results Saturation was reached after interviewing 10 participants from five busy urban clinics. For all three NCDs, we identified four cross-cutting barriers, a) poor access to medication and functional equipment such as blood pressure machines, urinalysis strips; b) high cost of private care; c)poor working conditions; and d) poor awareness from both patients and the community which often resulted in the use of alternative potentially harmful remedies. Participants indicated that empowering communities could be an effective and low-cost approach to positive lifestyle changes and health-seeking behaviours. Participants indicated that the Friendship bench, a task-shifting programme working with trained community grandmothers, could provide a platform to introduce NCDs care at the community level. Also, creating community awareness and initiating screening at a community level through community health workers (CHWs) could reduce the workload on the clinic nursing staff. Conclusion Our findings reflect those from other LMICs, with poor work conditions and resources shortages being salient barriers to optimal NCDs care at the facility level. Zimbabwe's primary health care system faces several challenges that call for exploring ways to alleviate worker fatigue through strengthened community-led care for NCDs. Empowering communities could improve awareness and positive lifestyle changes, thus optimising NCD care. Further, there is a need to optimise NCD care in urban Zimbabwe through a holistic and multisectoral approach to improve working conditions, basic clinical supplies and essential drugs, which are the significant challenges facing the country's health care sector. The Friendship Bench could be an ideal entry point for providing an integrated NCD care package for diabetes, hypertension and depression.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Kamvura, TT (Corresponding Author), Univ Zimbabwe, Fac Med \& Hlth Sci, Res Support Ctr, Friendship Bench, Harare, Zimbabwe. Kamvura, Tiny Tinashe; Chiriseri, Ephraim; Turner, Jean; Verhey, Ruth; Chibanda, Dixon, Univ Zimbabwe, Fac Med \& Hlth Sci, Res Support Ctr, Friendship Bench, Harare, Zimbabwe. Dambi, Jermaine M., Univ Zimbabwe, Fac Med \& Hlth Sci, Rehabil Sci Unit, Friendship Bench, Harare, Zimbabwe.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12912-022-00841-1}, Article-Number = {64}, ISSN = {1472-6955}, Keywords = {Barriers; Non-communicable diseases; Nurses; Primary care; Zimbabwe}, Keywords-Plus = {MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; BLOOD-PRESSURE; GLOBAL BURDEN; HIV; INTERVENTION; DEPRESSION}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Nursing}, Author-Email = {tiny.kamvura@friendshipbench.io}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {dambi, jermaine/U-2284-2017 Kamvura, Tiny Tinashe/GON-7454-2022}, ORCID-Numbers = {dambi, jermaine/0000-0002-2446-7903 }, Number-of-Cited-References = {58}, Times-Cited = {6}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {4}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000770613100001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000330113300001, Author = {Kruk, Edward and Sandberg, Kathryn}, Title = {A home for body and soul: Substance using women in recovery}, Journal = {HARM REDUCTION JOURNAL}, Year = {2013}, Volume = {10}, Month = {DEC 20}, Abstract = {Background: We report on an in-depth qualitative study of 28 active and former substance addicted women of low or marginal income on the core components of a harm reduction-based addiction recovery program. These women volunteered to be interviewed about their perceptions of their therapeutic needs in their transition from substance addiction to recovery. Method: Data were gathered about women's experiences and essential needs in addiction recovery, what helped and what hindered their past efforts in recovery, and their views of what would constitute an effective woman-centred recovery program. The research was based upon the experience and knowledge of the women in interaction with their communities and with recovery programs. The study was informed by harm reduction practice principles that emphasize the importance of individual experience in knowledge construction, reduction of harm, low threshold access, and the development of a hierarchy of needs in regard to addiction recovery. Results: Three core needs were identified by study participants: normalization and structure, biopsychosocial-spiritual safety, and social connection. What hindered recovery efforts as identified by participants was an inner urban location, prescriptive recovery, invidious treatment, lack of safety, distress-derived distraction, problem-focused treatment, coercive elements of mutual support groups, and social marginalization. What helped included connection in counselling and therapy, multidisciplinary service provision, spirituality focus, opportunities for learning and work, and a safe and flexible structure. Core components of an effective recovery program identified by women themselves stand in contrast to the views of service providers and policymakers, particularly in regard to the need for a rural location for residential programs, low threshold access, multidisciplinary service provision of conventional and complementary modalities and therapies for integrated healing, long-term multi-phase recovery, and variety and choice of programming. Conclusion: A key barrier to the addiction recovery of women is the present framework of addiction treatment, as well as current drug laws, policies and service delivery systems. The expectation of women is that harm reduction-based recovery services will facilitate safe, supportive transitioning from the point of the decision to access services, through independent living with community integration.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Kruk, E (Corresponding Author), Univ British Columbia, Sch Social Work, 2080 West Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada. Kruk, Edward, Univ British Columbia, Sch Social Work, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada. Sandberg, Kathryn, BC Minist Children \& Family Dev Child \& Youth Men, Comox, BC V9M 4H5, Canada.}, DOI = {10.1186/1477-7517-10-39}, Article-Number = {39}, EISSN = {1477-7517}, Keywords-Plus = {ABUSING WOMEN; ADDICTION; PROGRAM; GENDER}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Substance Abuse}, Author-Email = {edward.kruk@ubc.ca}, Number-of-Cited-References = {51}, Times-Cited = {14}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {24}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000330113300001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @inproceedings{ WOS:000317549801099, Author = {Bejtkovsky, Ing Jiri}, Editor = {Soliman, KS}, Title = {Age Management and Its Position in the Czech and Slovak Organizations}, Booktitle = {INNOVATION AND SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: FROM REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT TO WORLD ECONOMIES, VOLS 1-5}, Year = {2012}, Pages = {2212-2220}, Note = {18th International-Business-Information-Management-Association Conference, Istanbul, TURKEY, MAY 09-10, 2012}, Abstract = {Based on surveys taken in the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic, it is safe to say that employing people from the 50+ age category is not very attractive for today's organizations. This, however, should change. Experts shed light on some of the benefits employing the elders has. They continue by disproving that older employees do not have sufficient potential for learning. Experts further propose that organization begin implementing a management system considerate to the employee's age age management, including recommendations in fields such as health care, job restructuring, adapting to work organization, shift management according to impulses by employees and other. (E-sondy.cz, 2012) Age management is a term used for activities, the purpose of which is to support the complex approach towards dealing with demographical changes at the workplace. Legitimate practice in age management was defined as measures contending with the age barrier or supporting diversity and activities ensuring each employee receives the opportunity to fulfill his or her potential and is not at a disadvantage due to age. (Pillinger, 2008) The article introduces the results of the quantitative and qualitative research that was conducted by the author while writing his doctoral thesis, which was focused on personnel management and specific features of employees of the age group 50+ in Czech and Slovak organizations. Results from the article predominantly focus on the philosophy of age management and its role in Czech and Slovak organizations, both from the viewpoint of employees and from the viewpoint of managements from addressed organizations. The article attempts to point out the potential and personal know-how 50+ employees have, and which employers could appreciate and utilize for their competitiveness. Furthermore, it is necessary to realize that establishing age diversity within work groups or teams will become inevitable. Company culture, which should support the complex approach to the entire philosophy of age management, also plays an important role in implementing age management into the organization. Also considered significant will be providing effective training of managers in order for them to successfully implement company strategy and processes and to further support employee age diversity. This step shall help improve the relations between organization management and all employees, which will comprehensively reflect on the image of the organization that will be considered as an organization implementing the policies of individual approach to each employee.}, Type = {Proceedings Paper}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Bejtkovsky, Ing Jiri, Tomas Bata Univ Zlin, Fac Management \& Econ, Zlin 76001, Czech Republic.}, ISBN = {978-0-9821489-7-6}, Keywords = {age management; competitiveness; age diversity of employees; employee 50+}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Economics; Regional \& Urban Planning}, Author-Email = {bejtkovsky@fame.utb.cz}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Bejtkovský, Jiří/B-2001-2018}, ORCID-Numbers = {Bejtkovský, Jiří/0000-0003-1600-3487}, Number-of-Cited-References = {12}, Times-Cited = {3}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {8}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000317549801099}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000365969900006, Author = {Huchko, Megan J. and Maloba, May and Nakalembe, Miriam and Cohen, Craig R.}, Title = {The time has come to make cervical cancer prevention an essential part of comprehensive sexual and reproductive health services for HIV-positive women in low-income countries}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY}, Year = {2015}, Volume = {18}, Number = {5}, Pages = {39-43}, Month = {DEC}, Abstract = {Introduction: HIV and cervical cancer are intersecting epidemics that disproportionately affect one of the most vulnerable populations in the world: women in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). Historically, the disparity in cervical cancer risk for women in LMICs has been due to the lack of organized screening and prevention programmes. In recent years, this risk has been augmented by the severity of the HIV epidemic in LMICs. HIV-positive women are at increased risk for developing cervical precancer and cancer, and while the introduction of antiretroviral therapy has dramatically improved life expectancies among HIV-positive women it has not been shown to improve cancer-related outcomes. Therefore, an increasing number of HIV-positive women are living in LMICs with limited or no access to cervical cancer screening programmes. In this commentary, we describe the gaps in cervical cancer prevention, the state of evidence for integrating cervical cancer prevention into HIV programmes and future directions for programme implementation and research. Discussion: Despite the biologic, behavioural and demographic overlap between HIV and cervical cancer, cervical cancer prevention has for the most part been left out of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services for HIV-positive women. Lower cost primary and secondary prevention strategies for cervical cancer are becoming more widely available in LMICs, with increasing evidence for their efficacy and cost-effectiveness. Going forward, cervical cancer prevention must be considered a part of the essential package of SRH services for HIV-positive women. Effective cervical cancer prevention programmes will require a coordinated response from international policymakers and funders, national governments and community leaders. Leveraging the improvements in healthcare infrastructure created by the response to the global HIV epidemic through integration of services may be an effective way to make an impact to prevent cervical cancer among HIV-positive women, but more work remains to determine optimal approaches. Conclusions: Cervical cancer prevention is an essential part of comprehensive HIV care. In order to ensure maximal impact and cost-effectiveness, implementation strategies for screening programmes must be adapted and rigorously evaluated through a framework that includes equal participation with policymakers, programme planners and key stakeholders in the target communities.}, Type = {Editorial Material}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Huchko, MJ (Corresponding Author), Mission Hall,550 16th St,Box 1224, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. Huchko, Megan J.; Cohen, Craig R., Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol \& Reprod Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Maloba, May, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Family AIDS Care \& Educ Serv, Kisumu, Kenya. Nakalembe, Miriam, Makerere Univ, Dept Obstet \& Gynaecol, Kampala, Uganda. Nakalembe, Miriam, Makerere Univ, Infect Dis Inst, Kampala, Uganda.}, DOI = {10.7448/IAS.18.6.20282}, EISSN = {1758-2652}, Keywords = {cervical cancer prevention; HIV; integration; low- and middle-income countries}, Keywords-Plus = {RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; VISUAL INSPECTION; KENYA; INTEGRATION; INFECTION; INDIA; CARE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Immunology; Infectious Diseases}, Author-Email = {megan.huchko@ucsf.edu}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Huchko, Megan/S-6063-2019}, Number-of-Cited-References = {48}, Times-Cited = {3}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {11}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000365969900006}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000529701100001, Author = {Kea, Sokvibol and Li, Hua and Shahriar, Saleh and Abdullahi, Nazir Muhammad}, Title = {Relative export competitiveness of the Cambodian rice sector}, Journal = {BRITISH FOOD JOURNAL}, Year = {2020}, Volume = {122}, Number = {12}, Pages = {3757-3778}, Month = {OCT 13}, Abstract = {Purpose In this paper, the authors derive time-varying relative export competitiveness (REC) of the Cambodian rice sector from 1995 to 2018 and examine the key determinants of the REC. Design/methodology/approach Three different REC indexes are calculated in this paper. The authors also developed the relative symmetric export competitiveness (RSEC) index for calculation of comparative advantage. The short-run regression (SRR) model was applied for capturing the determinants of the REC. Findings The study results reveal that Cambodia's rice exports became relatively competitive over time. The key findings suggest the Cambodian REC was strengthened as a result of a successful implementation of rice policy and rectangular strategy. The benefits gained from EBA and BRI were found to be the factors contributed to the REC. The higher per capita income had a positive effect on the REC, while higher domestic prices reduced the REC in some phases of the sectoral development. Research limitations/implications Further research is needed in two directions. First, the future studies might focus on other agro-products of Cambodia. Second, the development of the crop-specific factor endowment (CFE) model to consider the effect of endowment factors on the REC could be preferred in light of the data availability. Originality/value The research enriches the literature on the agricultural trade and provides a basis for further studies. This work makes a few contributions. First, it is the first study on the REC analysis for the Cambodian rice sector. Second, the latest 24-year data sets were covered. Third, a wide range of comparisons of REC among the world's top rice exporters was provided following implications of the various economic policies and foreign policy strategies, such as RS, EBA and BRI.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Li, H (Corresponding Author), Northwest A\&F Univ, Coll Econ \& Management, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. Kea, Sokvibol; Li, Hua; Shahriar, Saleh; Abdullahi, Nazir Muhammad, Northwest A\&F Univ, Coll Econ \& Management, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.}, DOI = {10.1108/BFJ-12-2019-0950}, EarlyAccessDate = {APR 2020}, ISSN = {0007-070X}, EISSN = {1758-4108}, Keywords = {Cambodian rice industry; Belt and Road initiative (BRI); Everything but Arms (EBA); Rectangular strategy (RS); Revealed comparative advantage (RCA); Relative export competitiveness (REC); F14; F17; C23}, Keywords-Plus = {REVEALED COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE; AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES; TRADE; COUNTRIES; CHINA; PRODUCTS; DURATION; TEXTILE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Agricultural Economics \& Policy; Food Science \& Technology}, Author-Email = {keasokvibol@gmail.com lihua7485@163.com shahriar.tib@gmail.com abdullahi@nwafu.edu.cn}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Abdullahi, Nazir Muhammad/AHB-9200-2022 SOKVIBOL, KEA/W-4139-2017 Shahriar, Saleh/W-4440-2019}, ORCID-Numbers = {Abdullahi, Nazir Muhammad/0000-0003-2149-0638 SOKVIBOL, KEA/0000-0003-0950-3336 Shahriar, Saleh/0000-0001-5199-3258}, Number-of-Cited-References = {76}, Times-Cited = {5}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {13}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000529701100001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @inproceedings{ WOS:000509743400058, Author = {Bjorn, Pernille and Menendez-Blanco, Maria}, Book-Group-Author = {ACM}, Title = {FemTech: Broadening Participation to Digital Technology Development}, Booktitle = {PROCEEDINGS OF THE 27TH ACM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMEDIA (MM'19)}, Year = {2019}, Pages = {510-511}, Note = {27th ACM International Conference on Multimedia (MM), Nice, FRANCE, OCT 21-25, 2019}, Abstract = {In the digital age, the fields and professions related to computing are having an unprecedent impact on our lives, and on societies. As computing becomes integrated in fundamental ways in healthcare {[}10,11], labor markets {[}2,4], and political processes {[}3,6], questions about who participates and takes decisions in developing digital technologies are becoming increasingly crucial and unavoidable {[}7]. A bottom line is that, if a rather homogeneous group develops most of the digital technologies, there is a risk that these technologies only consider a part of the population, and therefore unwillingly introduce biases or trigger exclusion. There are many intersectional characteristics - such as race, gender, or class - by which people can be part of an excluded minority. This keynote focuses on women as a gender minority in computing. In Western societies, the percentage of women participating in computing is low. According to a recent report for the European Commission, there are four times more men than women in Europe in studies related to Information and Communication Technologies {[}12]. Similarly, a study by the Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics showed that only 26\% of computing jobs in USA were held by women {[}13]. Denmark is often viewed as a progressive country with gender equality; therefore, the gender homogeneity displayed in computer science education often comes as a surprise. In 2016, only 8\% of the incoming bachelor students were women at the Computer Science department at the University of Copenhagen (DIKU). This remarkable low percentage triggered many questions to us: How did a field initially led by women lost so many of them? Why is this an issue that society should care about? What are the practices and actions that help address this issue? Who should engage with those practices and actions? These are some of the questions that we have been addressing at FemTech(1), an action research project started in 2017 at DIKU. Action research is an approach by which researchers explore a problem, and develop theoretical understandings, while working on the development of solutions {[}9]. Unsurprisingly, our results show that there is no silver bullet to address the gender gap in computing. However, there are different strategies that can help broaden participation, and they come with their advantages and pitfalls. At FemTech, our efforts have been focusing in creating opportunities for people, and in particular young women with no prior interest in Computer Science, to explore ways in which computing could match their personal interests {[}1]. This approach is aligned with previous successful initiatives which suggested to create ``new computing clubs{''} instead of including women in existing clubs {[}5]; and differentiates from a `deficit' approach, by which the issue of gender diversity in computer science is framed as a problem of too few women, which can be addressed by bringing in more women {[}1]. FemTech is a project with many developments and interventions. What started as a primarily educational initiative for women high-school students has evolved into a broaden initiative that seeks to address structural and cultural issues in computing {[}8]. The project has delivered many results, some of them especially tangible and measurable such as the increase of from 8\% to 18\% of women incoming bachelor students at the department in two years; and the decrease of the drop-out rate in the first year of the bachelor from 22\%-3.7\%. More importantly, throughout this project we have developed a great amount of insights which can be useful for engaging in similar endeavors and prompting discussions among those interested in addressing the issue of women as gender minority in computing. These insights include the importance of changing computer science departments from ``within{''}, the relevance of challenging stereotypical and narrow definitions of computer science, and the instrumentality of interactive artefacts in prompting change.}, Type = {Proceedings Paper}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Bjorn, P (Corresponding Author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Comp Sci, Copenhagen, Denmark. Bjorn, Pernille; Menendez-Blanco, Maria, Univ Copenhagen, Dept Comp Sci, Copenhagen, Denmark.}, DOI = {10.1145/3343031.3355512}, ISBN = {978-1-4503-6889-6}, Keywords = {Gender; Computer Science; Inclusion; Diversity; Action Research}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory \& Methods}, Author-Email = {pernille.bjorn@di.ku.dk maria.mb@di.ku.dk}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Blanco, Maria Menendez/AAY-3819-2020}, ORCID-Numbers = {Blanco, Maria Menendez/0000-0002-7353-5183}, Number-of-Cited-References = {11}, Times-Cited = {6}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {14}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000509743400058}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000399180100001, Author = {Barker, Anna K. and Brown, Kelli and Siraj, Dawd and Ahsan, Muneeb and Sengupta, Sharmila and Safdar, Nasia}, Title = {Barriers and facilitators to infection control at a hospital in northern India: a qualitative study}, Journal = {ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND INFECTION CONTROL}, Year = {2017}, Volume = {6}, Month = {APR 8}, Abstract = {Background: Hospital acquired infections occur at higher rates in low-and middle-income countries, like India, than in high-income countries. Effective implementation of infection control practices is crucial to reducing the transmission of hospital acquired infections at hospitals worldwide. Yet, no comprehensive assessments of the barriers to sustained, successful implementation of hospital interventions have been performed in Indian healthcare settings to date. The Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) model examines problems through the lens of interactions between people and systems. It is a natural fit for investigating the behavioral and systematic components of infection control practices. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study to assess the facilitators and barriers to infection control practices at a 1250 bed tertiary care hospital in Haryana, northern India. Twenty semi-structured interviews of nurses and physicians, selected by convenience sampling, were conducted in English using an interview guide based on the SEIPS model. All interview data was subsequently transcribed and coded for themes. Results: Person, task, and organizational level factors were the primary barriers and facilitators to infection control at this hospital. Major barriers included a high rate of nursing staff turnover, time spent training new staff, limitations in language competency, and heavy clinical workloads. A well developed infection control team and an institutional climate that prioritizes infection control were major facilitators. Conclusions: Institutional support is critical to the effective implementation of infection control practices. Prioritizing resources to recruit and retain trained, experienced nursing staff is also essential.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Safdar, N (Corresponding Author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Sch Med \& Publ Hlth, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Safdar, N (Corresponding Author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Affairs Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Barker, Anna K.; Brown, Kelli, Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med \& Publ Hlth, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Madison, WI USA. Siraj, Dawd; Safdar, Nasia, Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Sch Med \& Publ Hlth, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Ahsan, Muneeb, Medanta Medic Hosp, Medanta Inst Eduat \& Res, Gurgaon, Haryana, India. Sengupta, Sharmila, Medanta Medic Hosp, Dept Clin Microbiol \& Infect Control, Gurgaon, Haryana, India. Safdar, Nasia, William S Middleton Mem Vet Affairs Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA.}, DOI = {10.1186/s13756-017-0189-9}, Article-Number = {35}, ISSN = {2047-2994}, Keywords = {Infection control; Global health; Qualitative methodology; Human factors; India}, Keywords-Plus = {CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE; CARE-UNITS; IMPROVE; PREVENTION; WORK}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology \& Pharmacy}, Author-Email = {ns2@medicine.wisc.edu}, Number-of-Cited-References = {23}, Times-Cited = {31}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {12}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000399180100001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000729234900010, Author = {Lee, Hyunjin and Kim, Bohyun and Song, Youngshin}, Title = {Related Factors for Impaired Fasting Glucose in Korean Adults: A Population Based Study}, Journal = {BMC PUBLIC HEALTH}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {21}, Number = {1}, Month = {DEC 11}, Abstract = {Background Individuals with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) who have poor health behaviors are at a greater risk for various health outcomes. This study compared the health behaviors and health literacy between individuals with non-IFG and IFG; factors that were associated with IFG were identified by sex. Methods This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional design based on data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) that used a stratified, multi-stage, cluster-sampling design to obtain a nationally representative sample. This study analyzed the KNHANES Health Examination Survey and Health Behavior Survey from 2016 to 2018 (N=9919). Multiple logistic regression analysis was employed to compute the odds ratios of health behaviors and health literacy to identify the risk factors for IFG. Results The prevalence of IFG among the total was 29.0\% (weighted n=2826, 95\% CI 27.8-30.2). In the IFG group, 63.6\% were male and 36.4\% were female (X-2=320.57, p<.001). In multiple logistic regression by sex, the factors associated with IFG in male were as follows: age (50s; OR=2.36, 95\% CI 1.79-3.13), high BMI (OR=2.27, 95\% CI 1.78-2.90), frequent drinking (OR=1.83, 95\% CI 1.23-2.72), and using nutrition fact labels (OR=1.35, 95\% CI 1.05-1.75). Low economic status (OR=4.18, 95\% CI 1.57-11.15) and high BMI (OR=2.35, 95\% CI 1.29-4.28) were the affecting factors in female. On the other hand, employment status, perceived stress, and job type were not related to IFG in both male and female. Conclusions Strategies should be targeted to improve health behaviors and health literacy for those in their 40s and 60s, male in shift work, those who frequently dine out, overweight male, female with low economic statuses, and frequent drinkers. Moreover, healthcare providers should understand the barriers to health behaviors and literacy to effectively deliver healthcare service.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Kim, B (Corresponding Author), Hallym Polytech Univ, Dept Nursing, 48 Janghak Gil, Dong Myeon Chuncheon Si 24210, Gangwon Do, South Korea. Song, Y (Corresponding Author), Chungnam Natl Univ, Coll Nursing, Munhwa Ro 266, Daejeon 35015, Daejeon, South Korea. Lee, Hyunjin, Eulji Univ, Coll Nursing, 712 Dongil Ro, Uijeongbu Si, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. Kim, Bohyun, Hallym Polytech Univ, Dept Nursing, 48 Janghak Gil, Dong Myeon Chuncheon Si 24210, Gangwon Do, South Korea. Song, Youngshin, Chungnam Natl Univ, Coll Nursing, Munhwa Ro 266, Daejeon 35015, Daejeon, South Korea.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12889-021-12276-5}, Article-Number = {2256}, EISSN = {1471-2458}, Keywords = {Impaired fasting glucose; Diabetes mellitus; Health behavior; Health Literacy}, Keywords-Plus = {LOW HEALTH LITERACY; RISK-FACTORS; TYPE-2; MANAGEMENT; BEHAVIORS; PEOPLE; GENDER}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {bhkim@hsc.ac.kr yssong87@cnu.ac.kr}, ORCID-Numbers = {Kim, Bohyun/0000-0002-0604-1319}, Number-of-Cited-References = {38}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000729234900010}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000409054800001, Author = {Mitchell, Kaitlin F. and Barker, Anna K. and Abad, Cybele L. and Safdar, Nasia}, Title = {Infection control at an urban hospital in Manila, Philippines: a systems engineering assessment of barriers and facilitators}, Journal = {ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND INFECTION CONTROL}, Year = {2017}, Volume = {6}, Month = {SEP 2}, Abstract = {Background: Healthcare facilities in low-and middle-income countries, including the Philippines, face substantial challenges in achieving effective infection control. Early stages of interventions should include efforts to understand perceptions held by healthcare workers who participate in infection control programs. Methods: We performed a qualitative study to examine facilitators and barriers to infection control at an 800-bed, private, tertiary hospital in Manila, Philippines. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 nurses, physicians, and clinical pharmacists using a guide based on the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS). Major facilitators and barriers to infection control were reported for each SEIPS factor: person, organization, tasks, physical environment, and technology and tools. Results: Primary facilitators included a robust, long-standing infection control committee, a dedicated infection control nursing staff, and innovative electronic hand hygiene surveillance technology. Barriers included suboptimal dissemination of hand hygiene compliance data, high nursing turnover, clinical time constraints, and resource limitations that restricted equipment purchasing. Conclusions: The identified facilitators and barriers may be used to prioritize possible opportunities for infection control interventions. A systems engineering approach is useful for conducting a comprehensive work system analysis, and maximizing resources to overcome known barriers to infection control in heavily resource-constrained settings.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Safdar, N (Corresponding Author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Safdar, N (Corresponding Author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Safdar, N (Corresponding Author), Univ Wisconsin, Infect Control Dept, 5221 Med Fdn Centennial Bldg,1685 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Mitchell, Kaitlin F.; Barker, Anna K., Univ Wisconsin, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Mitchell, Kaitlin F.; Barker, Anna K.; Safdar, Nasia, Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Abad, Cybele L., Med City, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Pasig, Philippines. Safdar, Nasia, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Safdar, Nasia, Univ Wisconsin, Infect Control Dept, 5221 Med Fdn Centennial Bldg,1685 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705 USA.}, DOI = {10.1186/s13756-017-0248-2}, Article-Number = {90}, ISSN = {2047-2994}, Keywords = {Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety; Philippines; Infection control; Hand hygiene; Intervention implementation}, Keywords-Plus = {INTENSIVE-CARE UNITS; HAND HYGIENE; COLLABORATION; PRESCRIPTION; IMPROVEMENT; PREVENTION; DOCTORS; IMPACT; SAFETY; ADULT}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology \& Pharmacy}, Author-Email = {ns2@medicine.wisc.edu}, Number-of-Cited-References = {33}, Times-Cited = {9}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {18}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000409054800001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000375542100028, Author = {Kristjansson, Elizabeth and Francis, Damian K. and Liberato, Selma and Jandu, Maria Benkhalti and Welch, Vivian and Batal, Malek and Greenhalgh, Trish and Rader, Tamara and Noonan, Eamonn and Shea, Beverley and Janzen, Laura and Wells, George A. and Petticrew, Mark}, Title = {Food supplementation for improving the physical and psychosocial health of socio-economically disadvantaged children aged three months to five years (Review)}, Journal = {COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS}, Year = {2015}, Number = {3}, Abstract = {Background Undernutrition contributes to five million deaths of children under five each year. Furthermore, throughout the life cycle, undernutrition contributes to increased risk of infection, poor cognitive functioning, chronic disease, and mortality. It is thus important for decision-makers to have evidence about the effectiveness of nutrition interventions for young children. Objectives Primary objective 1. To assess the effectiveness of supplementary feeding interventions, alone or with co-intervention, for improving the physical and psychosocial health of disadvantaged children aged three months to five years. Secondary objectives 1. To assess the potential of such programmes to reduce socio-economic inequalities in undernutrition. 2. To evaluate implementation and to understand how this may impact on outcomes. 3. To determine whether there are any adverse effects of supplementary feeding. Search methods We searched CENTRAL, Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and seven other databases for all available years up to January 2014. We also searched ClinicalTrials.gov and several sources of grey literature. In addition, we searched the reference lists of relevant articles and reviews, and asked experts in the area about ongoing and unpublished trials. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), cluster-RCTs, controlled clinical trials (CCTs), controlled before-and-after studies (CBAs), and interrupted time series (ITS) that provided supplementary food (with or without co-intervention) to children aged three months to five years, from all countries. Adjunctive treatments, such as nutrition education, were allowed. Controls had to be untreated. Data collection and analysis Two or more review authors independently reviewed searches, selected studies for inclusion or exclusion, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. We conducted meta-analyses for continuous data using the mean difference (MD) or the standardised mean difference (SMD) with a 95\% confidence interval (CI), correcting for clustering if necessary. We analysed studies from low-and middle-income countries and from high-income countries separately, and RCTs separately from CBAs. We conducted a process evaluation to understand which factors impact on effectiveness. Main results We included 32 studies (21 RCTs and 11 CBAs); 26 of these (16 RCTs and 10 CBAs) were in meta-analyses. More than 50\% of the RCTs were judged to have low risk of bias for random selection and incomplete outcome assessment. We judged most RCTS to be unclear for allocation concealment, blinding of outcome assessment, and selective outcome reporting. Because children and parents knew that they were given food, we judged blinding of participants and personnel to be at high risk for all studies. Growth. Supplementary feeding had positive effects on growth in low-andmiddle-income countries. Meta-analysis of the RCTs showed that supplemented children gained an average of 0.12 kg more than controls over six months (95\% confidence interval (CI) 0.05 to 0.18, 9 trials, 1057 participants, moderate quality evidence). In the CBAs, the effect was similar; 0.24 kg over a year (95\% CI 0.09 to 0.39, 1784 participants, very low quality evidence). In high-income countries, one RCT found no difference in weight, but in a CBA with 116 Aboriginal children in Australia, the effect on weight was 0.95 kg (95\% CI 0.58 to 1.33). For height, meta-analysis of nine RCTs revealed that supplemented children grew an average of 0.27 cm more over six months than those who were not supplemented (95\% CI 0.07 to 0.48, 1463 participants, moderate quality evidence). Meta-analysis of seven CBAs showed no evidence of an effect (mean difference (MD) 0.52 cm, 95\% CI -0.07 to 1.10, 7 trials, 1782 participants, very low quality evidence). Meta-analyses of the RCTs demonstrated benefits for weight-for-age z-scores (WAZ) (MD 0.15, 95\% CI 0.05 to 0.24, 8 trials, 1565 participants, moderate quality evidence), and height-for-age z-scores (HAZ) (MD 0.15, 95\% CI 0.06 to 0.24, 9 trials, 4638 participants, moderate quality evidence), but not for weight-for-height z-scores MD 0.10 (95\% CI -0.02 to 0.22, 7 trials, 4176 participants, moderate quality evidence). Meta-analyses of the CBAs showed no effects on WAZ, HAZ, or WHZ (very low quality evidence). We found moderate positive effects for haemoglobin (SMD 0.49, 95\% CI 0.07 to 0.91, 5 trials, 300 participants) in a meta-analysis of the RCTs. Psychosocial outcomes. Eight RCTs in low-and middle-income countries assessed psychosocial outcomes. Our meta-analysis of two studies showed moderate positive effects of feeding on psychomotor development (SMD 0.41, 95\% CI 0.10 to 0.72, 178 participants). The evidence of effects on cognitive development was sparse and mixed. We found evidence of substantial leakage. When feeding was given at home, children benefited from only 36\% of the energy in the supplement. However, when the supplementary food was given in day cares or feeding centres, there was less leakage; children took in 85\% of the energy provided in the supplement. Supplementary food was generally more effective for younger children (less than two years of age) and for those who were poorer/less well-nourished. Results for sex were equivocal. Our results also suggested that feeding programmes which were given in day-care/feeding centres and those which provided a moderate-to-high proportion of the recommended daily intake (\% RDI) for energy were more effective. Authors' conclusions Feeding programmes for young children in low- and middle-income countries can work, but good implementation is key.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Kristjansson, E (Corresponding Author), Univ Ottawa, Sch Psychol, Fac Social Sci, Room 407C,Montpetit Hall,125 Univ, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. Kristjansson, Elizabeth, Univ Ottawa, Sch Psychol, Fac Social Sci, Room 407C,Montpetit Hall,125 Univ, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. Francis, Damian K., Univ W Indies, Epidemiol Res Unit, Mona Kingston 7, Jamaica. Liberato, Selma, Charles Darwin Univ, Nutr Res Team, Menzies Sch Hlth Res, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia. Jandu, Maria Benkhalti, Univ Ottawa, Ctr Global Hlth, Inst Populat Hlth, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Welch, Vivian, Univ Ottawa, Bruyere Res Inst, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Batal, Malek, Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Dept Nutr, WHO Collaborating Ctr Nutr Changes \& Dev TRANSNUT, Quebec City, PQ, Canada. Greenhalgh, Trish, Barts \& London Queen Marys Sch Med \& Dent, Ctr Primary Care \& Publ Hlth, London, England. Rader, Tamara, Cochrane Musculoskeletal Grp, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Noonan, Eamonn, Norwegian Knowledge Ctr Hlth Serv, Oslo, Norway. Shea, Beverley; Wells, George A., Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol \& Community Med, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Janzen, Laura, Hosp Sick Children, Dept Psychol, 555 Univ Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. Janzen, Laura, Hosp Sick Children, Div Hematol Oncol, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. Petticrew, Mark, London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med, Dept Social \& Environm Hlth Res, Fac Publ Hlth \& Policy, London WC1, England.}, DOI = {10.1002/14651858.CD009924.pub2}, Article-Number = {CD009924}, ISSN = {1469-493X}, EISSN = {1361-6137}, Keywords-Plus = {USE THERAPEUTIC FOOD; NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTATION; MICRONUTRIENT SUPPLEMENT; UNDERNOURISHED CHILDREN; LINEAR GROWTH; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT; STUNTED CHILDREN; MALNOURISHED CHILDREN; NUTRIENT SUPPLEMENTS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Medicine, General \& Internal}, Author-Email = {kristjan@uottawa.ca}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Greenhalgh, Trisha/B-1825-2015 Petticrew, Mark/AAY-6274-2021 Rader, Tamara/H-9469-2013 Welch, Vivian Andrea/AAD-9338-2020 Kristjansson, Elizabeth/AAT-9709-2020 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Greenhalgh, Trisha/0000-0003-2369-8088 Welch, Vivian Andrea/0000-0002-5238-7097 Rader, Tamara/0000-0002-9059-3756}, Number-of-Cited-References = {159}, Times-Cited = {51}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {3}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {22}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000375542100028}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000417055700009, Author = {Dyer, Silke J. and Vinoos, Latiefa and Ataguba, John E.}, Title = {Poor recovery of households from out-of-pocket payment for assisted reproductive technology}, Journal = {HUMAN REPRODUCTION}, Year = {2017}, Volume = {32}, Number = {12}, Pages = {2431-2436}, Month = {DEC}, Abstract = {STUDY QUESTION: How do households recover financially from direct out-of-pocket payment for government subsidized ART? SUMMARY ANSWER: After a mean of 3.8 years, there was poor recovery from initiated financial coping strategies with the poorest households being disproportionatley affected. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Out-of-pocket payment for health services can create financial burdens for households and inequities in access to care. A previous study conducted at a public-academic institution in South Africa documented that patient co-payment for one cycle of ART resulted in catastrophic expenditure for one in five households, and more frequently among the poorest, requiring diverse financial coping strategies to offset costs. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: An observational follow-up study was conducted similar to 4 years later to assess financial recovery among the 135 couples who had participated in this previous study. Data were collected over 12 months from 73 informants. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHOD: The study was conducted at a level three referral hospital in the publicacademic health sector of South Africa. At this institution ART is subsidized but requires patient co-payments. A purpose-built questionnaire capturing socio-economic information and recovery from financial coping strategies which had been activated was administered to all informants. Financial recovery was defined as the resolution of strategies initiated for the specific purpose of covering the original ART cycle. Results were analysed by strategy and household with the latter including analysis by tertiles based on socio-economic status at the time of the original expenditure. In addition to descriptive statistics, the Pearson Chi squared test was used to determine differences between socioeconomic tertiles and associations between recovery and other variables. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: The participation rate in this follow-up study was 54.1\% with equal representation from the three socio-economic tertiles. The average duration of follow-up was 46.1 months (+/- 9.78 SD) and respondents' mean age was 42 years (range 31-52). The recovery rate was below 50\% for four of five strategies evaluated: 23.1\% of households had re-purchased a sold asset; 23.5\% had normalized a previous reduction in household spending, 33.8\% had regained their savings, and 48.7\% were no longer bolstering income through additional work. Two-thirds of households (60.0\%) had repaid all loans and debts. The poorest households showed lower rates of recovery when compared to households in the richest tertile. Complete recovery from all strategies initiated was reported by only 10 households (13.7\%): 1 of 19 in the lowest tertile, 3 of 30 in the middle and by 6 of 24 households in the richest tertile (P > 0.05). No association was found between the degree of financial recovery and additional cost burdens incurred, including related to babies born; or between the degree of recovery and ongoing pursuit of ART. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The sample size was limited. The participation rate was just over 50\%. Results were dependent on participants' narrative and recall. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: The willingness of patients to pay for ART does not necessarily imply the ability to pay. As a result, the lack of comprehensive third-party funding for ART can create immediate and long-term financial hardship which is more pronounced among poorer households. While more data on the impact of out-of-pocket payment for ART are needed to illustrate the problem in other low resource settings, the results from South Africa provide useful information for similar developing countries. The current absence of more extensive data should therefore not be a barrier to the promotion of financial risk protection for infertile couples, especially the poorest, in need of ART.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Dyer, SJ (Corresponding Author), Groote Schuur Hosp, Dept Obstet \& Gynaecol, Main Rd, ZA-7925 Observatory, South Africa. Dyer, Silke J.; Vinoos, Latiefa, Univ Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hosp, Dept Obstet \& Gynaecol, Main Rd, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. Dyer, Silke J.; Vinoos, Latiefa, Univ Cape Town, Fac Hlth Sci, Main Rd, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. Ataguba, John E., Univ Cape Town, Fac Hlth Sci, Hlth Econ Unit, Anzio Rd, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa.}, DOI = {10.1093/humrep/dex315}, ISSN = {0268-1161}, EISSN = {1460-2350}, Keywords = {assisted reproductive technology; out-of-pocket payment; infertility; health economics; Africa; health expenditures; income; developing countries}, Keywords-Plus = {DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; COPING STRATEGIES; ECONOMIC-IMPACT; HEALTH-CARE; INFERTILITY; CONSEQUENCES; PATIENT; SECTOR; COSTS; INDIA}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Obstetrics \& Gynecology; Reproductive Biology}, Author-Email = {silke.dyer@uct.ac.za}, ORCID-Numbers = {Ataguba, John Ele-Ojo/0000-0002-7746-3826}, Number-of-Cited-References = {24}, Times-Cited = {8}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {7}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000417055700009}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000386128800002, Author = {Sharif, Muhammad U. and Elsayed, Mohamed E. and Stack, Austin G.}, Title = {The global nephrology workforce: emerging threats and potential solutions!}, Journal = {CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL}, Year = {2016}, Volume = {9}, Number = {1}, Pages = {11-22}, Month = {FEB}, Abstract = {Amidst the rising tide of chronic kidney disease (CKD) burden, the global nephrology workforce has failed to expand in order to meet the growing healthcare needs of this vulnerable patient population. In truth, this shortage of nephrologists is seen in many parts of the world, including North America, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Asia and the African continent. Moreover, expert groups on workforce planning as well as national and international professional organizations predict further reductions in the nephrology workforce over the next decade, with potentially serious implications. Although the full impact of this has not been clearly articulated, what is clear is that the delivery of care to patients with CKD may be threatened in many parts of the world unless effective country-specific workforce strategies are put in place and implemented. Multiple factors are responsible for this apparent shortage in the nephrology workforce and the underpinning reasons may vary across health systems and countries. Potential contributors include the increasing burden of CKD, aging workforce, declining interest in nephrology among trainees, lack of exposure to nephrology among students and residents, rising cost of medical education and specialist training, increasing cultural and ethnic disparities between patients and care providers, increasing reliance on foreign medical graduates, inflexible work schedules, erosion of nephrology practice scope by other specialists, inadequate training, reduced focus on scholarship and research funds, increased demand to meet quality of care standards and the development of new care delivery models. It is apparent from this list that the solution is not simple and that a comprehensive evaluation is required. Consequently, there is an urgent need for all countries to develop a policy framework for the provision of kidney disease services within their health systems, a framework that is based on accurate projections of disease burden, a full understanding of the internal care delivery systems and a framework that is underpinned by robust health intelligence on current and expected workforce numbers required to support the delivery of kidney disease care. Given the expected increases in global disease burden and the equally important increase in many established kidney disease risk factors such as diabetes and hypertension, the organization of delivery and sustainability of kidney disease care should be enshrined in governmental policy and legislation. Effective nephrology workforce planning should be comprehensive and detailed, taking into consideration the structure and organization of the health system, existing care delivery models, nephrology workforce practices and the size, quality and success of internal nephrology training programmes. Effective training programmes at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels, adoption of novel recruitment strategies, flexible workforce practices, greater ownership of the traditional nephrology landscape and enhanced opportunities for research should be part of the implementation process. Given that many of the factors that impact on workforce capacity are generic across countries, cooperation at an international level would be desirable to strengthen efforts in workforce planning and ensure sustainable models of healthcare delivery.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Stack, AG (Corresponding Author), Univ Hosp Limerick, Div Nephrol, Dept Med, Limerick, Ireland. Stack, AG (Corresponding Author), Univ Limerick, Grad Entry Med Sch, Limerick, Ireland. Stack, AG (Corresponding Author), Univ Limerick, HRI, Limerick, Ireland. Sharif, Muhammad U.; Elsayed, Mohamed E.; Stack, Austin G., Univ Hosp Limerick, Div Nephrol, Dept Med, Limerick, Ireland. Sharif, Muhammad U.; Elsayed, Mohamed E.; Stack, Austin G., Univ Limerick, Grad Entry Med Sch, Limerick, Ireland. Stack, Austin G., Univ Limerick, HRI, Limerick, Ireland.}, DOI = {10.1093/ckj/sfv111}, ISSN = {1753-0784}, EISSN = {1753-0792}, Keywords = {chronic kidney disease; nephrology workforce; planning; solutions}, Keywords-Plus = {CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; TRAINING-PROGRAMS; INTERNAL-MEDICINE; LATIN-AMERICA; PRIMARY-CARE; DIALYSIS; PREVALENCE; BURDEN}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Urology \& Nephrology}, Author-Email = {austin.stack@ul.ie}, ORCID-Numbers = {Elsayed, Mohamed/0000-0002-0591-8051}, Number-of-Cited-References = {107}, Times-Cited = {96}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {19}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000386128800002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000499078400016, Author = {Boseto, Hensllyn and Gray, Marion and Langmead, Ruth}, Title = {The role occupational therapy in the Solomon Islands: experiences and perceptions of occupational therapists and rehabilitation health workers}, Journal = {RURAL AND REMOTE HEALTH}, Year = {2019}, Volume = {19}, Number = {4}, Abstract = {Introduction: In most Western countries occupational therapy is well established as a crucial aspect of overall health care; however, in low-middle-income countries it is still an emerging profession. This article investigates the role of occupational therapy in the Solomon Islands by examining the experiences and perceptions of occupational therapists (OTs) and other rehabilitation health workers who have worked there. Methods: Using a qualitative research design, participants were recruited using purposive sampling, and data were gathered through in-depth interviews, diary entries and observations of an occupational therapy setting in the Solomon Islands. Ten participants were interviewed. Results: A significant role in health-promoting practices was revealed through the various tasks undertaken by OTs in the Solomon Islands, including influencing health policy and practice broadly through advocacy and education. Challenges relating to geography, cultural, language and resource barriers, and professional practice issues were identified. Implications for practice were drawn from the data including the need for culturally safe practice, pragmatism, creativity and practising across disciplinary boundaries. Conclusions: Results illustrate a clear role for occupational therapy in promoting health and sustainability of rehabilitation therapy services in the Solomon Islands, which also have relevance throughout Pacific island nations.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Gray, M (Corresponding Author), Univ Sunshine Coast, Fac Sci Hlth \& Educ, Sch Hlth \& Sport Sci, Maroochydore, Qld 4558, Australia. Boseto, Hensllyn, ESSI, POB 180, Gizo, Western Provinc, Solomon Islands. Gray, Marion, Univ Sunshine Coast, Fac Sci Hlth \& Educ, Sch Hlth \& Sport Sci, Maroochydore, Qld 4558, Australia. Langmead, Ruth, Curtin Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Occupat Therapy \& Social Work, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.}, DOI = {10.22605/RRH5376}, Article-Number = {5376}, ISSN = {1445-6354}, Keywords = {community based rehabilitation; developing countries; health promotion; occupational therapy; Solomon Islands}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {mgray67@hotmail.com}, Number-of-Cited-References = {27}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {8}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000499078400016}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000220771200004, Author = {Drezner, DW}, Title = {The outsourcing bogeyman}, Journal = {FOREIGN AFFAIRS}, Year = {2004}, Volume = {83}, Number = {3}, Pages = {22+}, Month = {MAY-JUN}, Abstract = {WHEN a presidential election year coincides with an uncertain economy, campaigning politicians invariably invoke an international economic issue as a dire threat to the well-being of Americans. Speechwriters denounce the chosen scapegoat, the media provides blanket coverage of the alleged threat, and legislators scurry to introduce supposed remedies. The cause of this year's commotion is offshore outsourcing-the alleged migration of American jobs overseas. The depth of alarm was strikingly illustrated by the firestorm of reaction to recent testimony by N. Gregory Mankiw, the head of President George W Bush's Council of Economic Advisers. No economist really disputed Mankiw's observation that ``outsourcing is just a new way of doing international trade,{''} which makes it ``a good thing.{''} But in the political arena, Mankiw's comments sparked a furor on both sides of the aisle. Democratic presidential candidate John Kerry accused the Bush administration of wanting ``to export more of our jobs overseas,{''} and Senate Minority Leader Tom Daschle quipped, ``If this is the administratior's position, I think they owe an apology to every worker in America.{''} Speaker of the House Dennis Hastert, meanwhile, warned that ``outsourcing can be a problem for American workers and the American economy.{''} Critics charge that the information revolution (especially the Internet) has accelerated the decimation of U.S. manufacturing and facilitated the outsourcing of service-sector jobs once considered safe, from backroom call centers to high-level software programming. (This concern feeds into the suspicion that U.S. corporations are exploiting globalization to fatten profits at the expense of workers.) They are right that offshore outsourcing deserves attention and that some measures to assist affected workers are called for. But if their exaggerated alarmism succeeds in provoking protectionist responses from lawmakers, it will do far more harm than good, to the U.S. economy and to American workers. S hould Americans be concerned about the economic effects of outsourcing? Not particularly. Most of the numbers thrown around are vague, overhyped estimates. What hard data exist suggest that gross job losses due to offshore outsourcing have been minimal when compared to the size of the entire U.S. economy. The outsourcing phenomenon has shown that globalization can affect white-collar professions, heretofore immune to foreign competition, in the same way that it has affected manufacturing jobs for years. But Mankiw's statements on outsourcing are absolutely correct; the law of comparative advantage does not stop working just because 401(K)plans are involved. The creation of new jobs overseas will eventually lead to more jobs and higher incomes in the United States. Because the economy and especially job growth-is sluggish at the moment, commentators are attempting to draw a connection between offshore outsourcing and high unemployment. But believing that offshore outsourcing causes unemployment is the economic equivalent of believing that the sun revolves around the earth: intuitively compelling but clearly wrong. Should Americans be concerned about the political backlash to outsourcing? Absolutely. Anecdotes of workers affected by outsourcing are politically powerful, and demands for government protection always increase during economic slowdowns. The short-term political appeal of protectionism is undeniable. Scapegoating foreigners for domestic business cycles is smart politics, and protecting domestic markets gives leaders the appearance of taking direct, decisive action on the economy. Protectionism would not solve the U.S. economy's employment problems, although it would succeed in providing massive subsidies to well-organized interest groups. In open markets, greater competition spurs the reallocation of labor and capital to more profitable sectors of the economy. The benefits of such free trade-to both consumers and producers-are significant. Cushioning this process for displaced however, sales-making TAA out of reach for those affected by it. It makes sense to rework TAA rules to take into account workers displaced by offshore outsourcing even when their former industries or firms maintain robust levels of production. Another option would be to help firms purchase targeted insurance policies to offset the transition costs to workers directly affected by offshore outsourcing. Because the perception of possible unemployment is considerably greater than the actual likelihood of losing a job, insurance programs would impose a very small cost on firms while relieving a great deal of employee anxiety. McKinsey Global Institute estimates that such a scheme could be created for as little as four or five cents per dollar saved from offshore outsourcing. IBM recently announced the creation of a two-year, \$25 million retraining fund for its employees who fear job losses from outsourcing. Having the private sector handle the problem without extensive government intervention would be an added bonus.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Drezner, DW (Corresponding Author), Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.}, DOI = {10.2307/20033973}, ISSN = {0015-7120}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {International Relations}, Number-of-Cited-References = {0}, Times-Cited = {43}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {33}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000220771200004}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000836142900001, Author = {Dunn, Jennifer A. and Martin, R. A. and Hackney, J. J. and Nunnerley, J. L. and Snell, D. L. and Bourke, J. A. and Young, T. and Hall, A. and Derrett, S.}, Title = {Developing A Conceptual Framework for Early Intervention Vocational Rehabilitation for People Following Spinal Cord Injury}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION}, Year = {2023}, Volume = {33}, Number = {1}, Pages = {179-188}, Month = {MAR}, Abstract = {Purpose Early intervention vocational rehabilitation (EIVR) can improve return to work (RTW) outcomes for people with spinal cord injury (SCI). However, mechanisms explaining how and why EIVR works are not well understood. This study aims to develop a conceptual framework describing key mechanisms of EIVR intervention effect following SCI. Methods We synthesised data from a realist literature review with data from interviews of people with SCI (n = 30), a survey of people with SCI who had received EIVR (n = 37), a focus group of EIVR providers and a focus group of community vocational providers. We first synthesised the literature review and interviews to develop an initial programme theory describing the contexts in which mechanisms are activated to produce EIVR outcomes. Then we used data from the survey and focus groups to further refine the EIVR programme theory. Finally, a conceptual framework was developed to support knowledge dissemination. Results By ensuring consistent messaging across the multi-disciplinary team, EIVR programmes establish and maintain hope that work is possible following injury. Conversations about work allow individuals to determine the priority of work following injury. These conversations can also improve self-efficacy by providing individualized support to envisage pathways toward RTW goals and maintain worker identity. The synthesised study findings highlight the contexts and resources required to trigger activation of these mechanisms. Conclusions EIVR key mechanisms of effect are not specific to SCI as a health condition, therefore enabling this framework to be applied to other populations who face similar impairments and return to work barriers.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Dunn, JA (Corresponding Author), Univ Otago, Dept Orthopaed Surg \& Musculoskeletal Med, Christchurch, New Zealand. Dunn, Jennifer A.; Nunnerley, J. L.; Snell, D. L., Univ Otago, Dept Orthopaed Surg \& Musculoskeletal Med, Christchurch, New Zealand. Martin, R. A.; Hackney, J. J.; Nunnerley, J. L.; Bourke, J. A.; Young, T., Burwood Acad Trust, Burwood Hosp, Christchurch, New Zealand. Martin, R. A., Univ Otago, Dept Med, Rehabil Teaching \& Res Unit, Wellington, New Zealand. Bourke, J. A., Griffith Univ, Menzies Hlth Inst, Nathan, Qld, Australia. Hall, A., New Zealand Spinal Trust, Burwood Hosp, Christchurch, New Zealand. Bourke, J. A.; Derrett, S., Univ Otago, Ngai Tahu Maori Hlth Res Unit, Prevent \& Social Med, Dunedin, New Zealand.}, DOI = {10.1007/s10926-022-10060-9}, EarlyAccessDate = {AUG 2022}, ISSN = {1053-0487}, EISSN = {1573-3688}, Keywords = {Vocational rehabilitation; Spinal cord injury; Return to work}, Keywords-Plus = {EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES; SERVICE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Rehabilitation; Social Issues}, Author-Email = {Jennifer.dunn@otago.ac.nz}, ORCID-Numbers = {Dunn, Jennifer/0000-0002-2894-7533}, Number-of-Cited-References = {29}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {2}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {3}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000836142900001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000357252400003, Author = {Leon, Natalie and Surender, Rebecca and Bobrow, Kirsty and Muller, Jocelyn and Farmer, Andrew}, Title = {Improving treatment adherence for blood pressure lowering via mobile phone SMS-messages in South Africa: a qualitative evaluation of the SMS-text Adherence SuppoRt (StAR) trial}, Journal = {BMC FAMILY PRACTICE}, Year = {2015}, Volume = {16}, Month = {JUL 3}, Abstract = {Background: Effective use of proven treatments for high blood pressure, a preventable health risk, is challenging for many patients. Prompts via mobile phone SMS-text messaging may improve adherence to clinic visits and treatment, though more research is needed on impact and patient perceptions of such support interventions, especially in low-resource settings. Method: An individually-randomised controlled trial in a primary care clinic in Cape Town (2012-14), tested the effect of an adherence support intervention delivered via SMS-texts, on blood pressure control and adherence to medication, for hypertensive patients. (Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02019823). We report on a qualitative evaluation that explored the trial participants' experiences and responses to the SMS-text messages, and identified barriers and facilitators to delivering adherence support via patients' own mobile phones. Two focus groups and fifteen individual interviews were conducted. We used comparative and thematic analysis approaches to identify themes and triangulated our analysis amongst three researchers. Results: Most participants were comfortable with the technology of using SMS-text messages. Messages were experienced as acceptable, relevant and useful to a broad range of participants. The SMS-content, the respectful tone and the delivery (timing of reminders and frequency) and the relational aspect of trial participation (feeling cared for) were all highly valued. A subgroup who benefitted the most, were those who had been struggling with adherence due to high levels of personal stress. The intervention appeared to coincide with their readiness for change, and provided practical and emotional support for improving adherence behaviour. Change may have been facilitated through increased acknowledgement of their health status and attitudinal change towards greater self-responsibility. Complex interaction of psycho-social stressors and health service problems were reported as broader challenges to adherence behaviours. Conclusion: Adherence support for treatment of raised blood pressure, delivered via SMS-text message on the patient's own phone, was found to be acceptable, relevant and helpful, even for those who already had their own reminder systems in place. Our findings begin to identify for whom and what core elements of the SMS-text message intervention appear to work best in a low-resource operational setting, issues that future research should explore in greater depth.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Leon, N (Corresponding Author), South African Med Res Council, Hlth Syst Res Unit, POB 19070 Fransie Van Zyl Dr, ZA-7505 Cape Town, South Africa. Leon, Natalie; Muller, Jocelyn, South African Med Res Council, Hlth Syst Res Unit, ZA-7505 Cape Town, South Africa. Surender, Rebecca, Univ Oxford, Dept Social Policy \& Intervent, Oxford OX1 2ER, England. Bobrow, Kirsty, Univ Cape Town, Dept Med, Div Diabet \& Endocrinol, Chron Dis Initiat Africa,Observ, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. Bobrow, Kirsty, Groote Schuur Hosp, Observ, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. Bobrow, Kirsty, Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Primary Care Hlth Sci, Oxford OX2 6GG, England.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12875-015-0289-7}, Article-Number = {80}, EISSN = {1471-2296}, Keywords = {Mobile phone-based SMS-messages; mHealth; Blood pressure treatment; Hypertension; Adherence; South Africa; low-and middle-income countries; primary-care; qualitative methodology; patient perspective}, Keywords-Plus = {HEALTH SYSTEM; GLOBAL BURDEN; INTERVENTIONS; MHEALTH; HYPERTENSION; MEDICATION; DISEASE; ADULTS; CARE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Primary Health Care; Medicine, General \& Internal}, Author-Email = {Natalie.leon@mrc.ac.za}, Number-of-Cited-References = {26}, Times-Cited = {58}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {29}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000357252400003}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000377748300001, Author = {Okuga, Monica and Kemigisa, Margaret and Namutamba, Sarah and Namazzi, Gertrude and Waiswa, Peter}, Title = {Engaging community health workers in maternal and newborn care in eastern Uganda}, Journal = {GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION}, Year = {2015}, Volume = {8}, Abstract = {Background: Community health workers (CHWs) have been employed in a number of low-and middle-income countries as part of primary health care strategies, but the packages vary across and even within countries. The experiences and motivations of a multipurpose CHW in providing maternal and newborn health have not been well described. Objective: This study examined the perceptions of community members and experiences of CHWs around promoting maternal and newborn care practices, and the self-identified factors that influence the performance of CHWs so as to inform future study design and programme implementation. Design: Data were collected using in-depth interviews with six local council leaders, ten health workers/CHW supervisors, and eight mothers. We conducted four focus group discussions with CHWs. Respondents included 14 urban and 18 rural CHWs. Key themes explored included the experience of CHWs according to their various roles, and the facilitators and barriers they encounter in their work particular to provision of maternal and newborn care. Qualitative data were analysed using manifest content analysis methods. Results: CHWs were highly appreciated in the community and seen as important contributors to maternal and newborn health at grassroots level. Factors that positively influence CHWs included being selected by and trained in the community; being trained in problem-solving skills; being deployed immediately after training with participation of local leaders; frequent supervision; and having a strengthened and responsive supply of services to which families can be referred. CHWs made use of social networks to identify pregnant and newly delivered women, and were able to target men and the wider family during health education activities. Intrinsic motivators (e.g. community appreciation and the prestige of being `a doctor'), monetary (such as a small transport allowance), and material incentives (e.g. bicycles, bags) were also important to varying degrees. Conclusions: There is a continued role for CHWs in improving maternal and newborn care and linking families with health services. However, the process for building CHW programmes needs to be adapted to the local setting, including the process of training, deployment, supervision, and motivation within the context of a responsive and available health system.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Okuga, M (Corresponding Author), Makerere Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy Planning \& Management, Coll Hlth Sci, Kampala, Uganda. Okuga, Monica; Namutamba, Sarah; Namazzi, Gertrude; Waiswa, Peter, Makerere Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy Planning \& Management, Kampala, Uganda. Waiswa, Peter, Karolinska Inst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Global Hlth, Stockholm, Sweden. Waiswa, Peter, Iganga Mayuge Hlth Demog Surveillance Site, Iganga Mayuge, Uganda.}, DOI = {10.3402/gha.v8.23968}, Article-Number = {23968}, ISSN = {1654-9880}, Keywords = {newborn health; maternal health; community health worker; pregnancy; postnatal care; Uganda}, Keywords-Plus = {RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; RURAL UGANDA; ALMA-ATA; SURVIVAL; PERCEPTIONS; MANAGEMENT; PROGRAMS; RESOURCE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {mokugga@yahoo.com}, Number-of-Cited-References = {24}, Times-Cited = {36}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {11}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000377748300001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000460333600002, Author = {Wereta, Tewabech and Betemariam, Wuleta and Karim, Ali Mehryar and Zemichael, Nebreed Fesseha and Dagnew, Selamawit and Wanboru, Abera and Bhattacharya, Antoinette}, Title = {Effects of a participatory community quality improvement strategy on improving household and provider health care behaviors and practices: a propensity score analysis}, Journal = {BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH}, Year = {2018}, Volume = {18}, Month = {SEP 24}, Abstract = {Background: Maternal and newborn health care intervention coverage has increased in many low-income countries over the last decade, yet poor quality of care remains a challenge, limiting health gains. The World Health Organization envisions community engagement as a critical component of health care delivery systems to ensure quality services, responsive to community needs. Aligned with this, a Participatory Community Quality Improvement (PCQI) strategy was introduced in Ethiopia, in 14 of 91 rural woredas (districts) where the Last Ten Kilometers Project (L10 K) Platform activities were supporting national Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (BEmONC) strengthening strategies. This paper examines the effects of the PCQI strategy in improving maternal and newborn care behaviors, and providers' and households' practices. Methods: PCQI engages communities in identifying barriers to access and quality of services, and developing, implementing and monitoring solutions. Thirty-four intervention kebeles (communities), which included the L10 K Platform, BEmONC, and PCQI, and 82 comparison kebeles, which included the L10 K Platform and BEmONC, were visited in December 2010-January 2011 and again 48 months later. Twelve women with children aged 0 to 11 months were interviewed in each kebele. Propensity score matching was used to estimate the program's average treatment effects (ATEs) on women's care seeking behavior, providers' service provision behavior and households' newborn care practices. Results: The ATEs of PCQI were statistically significant (p < 0.05) for two care seeking behaviors - four or more antenatal care (ANC) visits and institutional deliveries at 14\% (95\% CI: 6, 21) and 11\% (95\% CI: 4, 17), respectively - and one service provision behavior - complete ANC at 17\% (95\% CI: 11, 24). We found no evidence of an effect on remaining outcomes relating to household newborn care practices, and postnatal care performed by the provider. Conclusions: National BEmONC strengthening and government initiatives to improve access and quality of maternal and newborn health services, together with L10 K Platform activities, appeared to work better for some care practices where communities were engaged in the PCQI strategy. Additional research with more robust measure of impact and cost-effectiveness analysis would be useful to establish effectiveness for a wider set of outcomes.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Wereta, T (Corresponding Author), JSI Res \& Training Inst Inc, Last Ten Kilometers Project L10K 2020, Kebele 03-05,Hs 2111, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Wereta, Tewabech; Betemariam, Wuleta; Karim, Ali Mehryar; Zemichael, Nebreed Fesseha; Dagnew, Selamawit; Wanboru, Abera, JSI Res \& Training Inst Inc, Last Ten Kilometers Project L10K 2020, Kebele 03-05,Hs 2111, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Bhattacharya, Antoinette, London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med, Fac Infect \& Trop Dis, Dept Dis Control, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, England.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12884-018-1977-9}, Article-Number = {364}, EISSN = {1471-2393}, Keywords = {Maternal; Newborn; Quality improvement; Community engagement}, Keywords-Plus = {ALMA-ATA; NEWBORN; DELIVERY; LESSONS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Obstetrics \& Gynecology}, Author-Email = {weretatewabech@gmail.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Karim, Ali/AAX-4495-2021}, Number-of-Cited-References = {44}, Times-Cited = {17}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {1}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000460333600002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000166195100001, Author = {Nordberg, E}, Title = {Injuries as a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa: Epidemiology and prospects for control}, Journal = {EAST AFRICAN MEDICAL JOURNAL}, Year = {2000}, Volume = {77}, Number = {12, S}, Pages = {S1-S43}, Month = {DEC}, Abstract = {Injuries are common and on increase in most developing countries, including sub-Saharan Africa. A large proportion of the injuries are caused by road traffic accidents, falls, burns, assaults, bites, stings and other animal-related injuries, poisonings, drownings/near-drownings and suicide. Globally, injuries are responsible for about five per cent of the total mortality, and the overall global annual costs were estimated in the late 1980s at around US\$500 billion. The burden and pattern of injuries in Africa and other developing areas are poorly known and not well studied. The incidence is on the increase, partly due to rapid growth of motorised transport and to expansion of industrial production without adequate safety precautions. This is a review of data on various kinds of injuries in developing countries with a focus on sub-Saharan Africa. A computerised search of the relevant literature published between 1985 and 1998 was conducted and a manual search of journals publishing texts on health in low-income countries and in tropical environments was also done. A few studies on injury prevention policy and on research related to injury epidemiology and prevention have also been identified and included. Bt is concluded that in a relatively typical East African area with a total mortality rate of 1,300/130,000/year, injuries are likely to cause around 100 of these deaths. The corresponding total rate of significant injuries is estimated at 40,000/100,000/year with a breakdown as tabulated below. Estimated incidence of injuries and injury-related deaths in East Africa {[}GRAPHICS] Although a few surveys and other investigations of injuries have been conducted over the years, injury epidemiology and control remain under-researched and relatively neglected subject areas. Much needs to be done. Collection and analysis of injury data need to be standardised, for example regarding age groups, gender disaggregation and severity. Injuries and accidents should be subdivided in at least road traffic injury, fall, burn, assault, poisoning, drowning, suicide, homicide and others, and details regarding time and place, victim and main cause should be noted. Morbidity survey field staff should be informed that injuries are part of the illness concept and that questions should be asked accordingly. Details regarding the circumstances surrounding different injuries must be known to those who develop preventive programmes. Injury is a public health problem affecting some people more than others. Our ordinary environment - the home, the work-site, the street or road - represents various kinds of risk, and some of these are difficult to eliminate. Not only do we have to accept much of our environment with its existing houses, equipment, vehicles, transport systems, energy supply, toxic substances etcetera, many also suffer from various inherited or acquired conditions that increase the risk. We therefore need to develop safer and more ``forgiving{''} living environments where ordinary people can live and move around safely. Injury control activities may focus on different categories of injury. Road safety measures often include information and education campaigns, improved driver training, road design and maintenance, regular vehicle safety checks, separation of pedestrians from vehicle traffic, speed limits, safety belt, air-bag and helmet use, special training and control of public service vehicle drivers, bicycle lane separation, road lighting, reflectorised materials on clothing, review of the road traffic related legislation and law enforcement, and emergency medical services improvement. Domestic injuries can be prevented for example with window guards, child barriers at stairs, smoke detectors, clothes and furniture in less flammable materials, replacement of open stoves, stabilising of open lamps, fire-fighting equipment and practice, child-proof poison packaging and storage, safe disposal of toxic waste, home safety education of parents, and strict building code enforcement. Occupational injuries can largely be prevented if well adapted to the work environment. Research is required in several areas. An improved facility-based injury recording and reporting system needs to be developed and tested. There is need to combine data collection methods, such as interview surveys, hospital records, police records, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The outcome of emergency medical care and of different forms of transport and referral needs to be determined. Different combinations of preventive interventions needs to be evaluated. This review is intended as guidance for those who need a broad overview of the subject of injury occurrence and prevention in Africa, for example in preparation for the development of injury control programmes or to help identify issues requiring further research in this field.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Nordberg, E (Corresponding Author), African Med \& Res Fdn, POB 30125, Nairobi, Kenya. African Med \& Res Fdn, Nairobi, Kenya.}, ISSN = {0012-835X}, Keywords-Plus = {ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS; RURAL SWEDISH MUNICIPALITY; NORTHEASTERN OHIO TRAUMA; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; THIRD-WORLD; SRI-LANKA; CHILDHOOD BURNS; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; UNINTENTIONAL INJURIES}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Medicine, General \& Internal}, Number-of-Cited-References = {372}, Times-Cited = {72}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {36}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000166195100001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000559715700001, Author = {Darlow, Ben and Stanley, James and Dean, Sarah and Abbott, J. Haxby and Garrett, Sue and Wilson, Ross and Mathieson, Fiona and Dowell, Anthony}, Title = {The Fear Reduction Exercised Early (FREE) approach to management of low back pain in general practice: A pragmatic cluster-randomised controlled trial}, Journal = {PLOS MEDICINE}, Year = {2019}, Volume = {16}, Number = {9}, Month = {SEP}, Abstract = {Background Effective and cost-effective primary care treatments for low back pain (LBP) are required to reduce the burden of the world's most disabling condition. This study aimed to compare the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the Fear Reduction Exercised Early (FREE) approach to LBP (intervention) with usual general practitioner (GP) care (control). Methods and findings This pragmatic, cluster-randomised controlled trial with process evaluation and parallel economic evaluation was conducted in the Hutt Valley, New Zealand. Eight general practices were randomly assigned (stratified by practice size) with a 1:1 ratio to intervention (4 practices; 34 GPs) or control group (4 practices; 29 GPs). Adults presenting to these GPs with LBP as their primary complaint were recruited. GPs in the intervention practices were trained in the FREE approach, and patients presenting to these practices received care based on the FREE approach. The FREE approach restructures LBP consultations to prioritise early identification and management of barriers to recovery. GPs in control practices did not receive specific training for this study, and patients presenting to these practices received usual care. Between 23 September 2016 and 31 July 2017, 140 eligible patients presented to intervention practices (126 enrolled) and 110 eligible patients presented to control practices (100 enrolled). Patient mean age was 46.1 years (SD 14.4), and 46\% were female. The duration of LBP was less than 6 weeks in 88\% of patients. Primary outcome was change from baseline in patient participant Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) score at 6 months. Secondary patient outcomes included pain, satisfaction, and psychosocial indices. GP outcomes included attitudes, knowledge, confidence, and GP LBP management behaviour. There was active and passive surveillance of potential harms. Patients and outcome assessors were blind to group assignment. Analysis followed intention-to-treat principles. A total of 122 (97\%) patients from 32 GPs in the intervention group and 99 (99\%) patients from 25 GPs in the control group were included in the primary outcome analysis. At 6 months, the groups did not significantly differ on the primary outcome (adjusted mean RMDQ score difference 0.57, 95\% CI - 0.64 to 1.78; p = 0.354) or secondary patient outcomes. The RMDQ difference met the predefined criterion to indicate noninferiority. One control group participant experienced an activity-related gluteal tear, with no other adverse events recorded. Intervention group GPs had improvements in attitudes, knowledge, and confidence compared with control group GPs. Intervention group GP LBP management behaviour became more guideline concordant than the control group. In cost-effectiveness, the intervention dominated control with lower costs and higher QualityAdjusted Life Year (QALY) gains. Limitations of this study were that although adequately powered for primary outcome assessment, the study was not powered for evaluating some employment, healthcare use, and economic outcomes. It was also not possible for research nurses (responsible for patient recruitment) to be masked on group allocation for practices. Conclusions Findings from this study suggest that the FREE approach improves GP concordance with LBP guideline recommendations but does not improve patient recovery outcomes compared with usual care. The FREE approach may reduce unnecessary healthcare use and produce economic benefits. Work participation or health resource use should be considered for primary outcome assessment in future trials of undifferentiated LBP.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Darlow, B (Corresponding Author), Univ Otago, Dept Primary Hlth Care \& Gen Practice, Wellington, New Zealand. Darlow, Ben; Garrett, Sue; Dowell, Anthony, Univ Otago, Dept Primary Hlth Care \& Gen Practice, Wellington, New Zealand. Stanley, James, Univ Otago, Biostat Grp, Wellington, New Zealand. Dean, Sarah, Univ Exeter, Med Sch, Coll Med \& Hlth, Exeter, Devon, England. Abbott, J. Haxby; Wilson, Ross, Univ Otago, Dept Surg Sci, Dunedin, New Zealand. Mathieson, Fiona, Univ Otago, Dept Psychol Med, Wellington, New Zealand.}, DOI = {10.1371/journal.pmed.1002897}, Article-Number = {e1002897}, ISSN = {1549-1277}, EISSN = {1549-1676}, Keywords-Plus = {MULTIPLE IMPUTATION}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Medicine, General \& Internal}, Author-Email = {ben.darlow@otago.ac.nz}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Abbott, J. Haxby/AAK-4346-2020 Wilson, Ross/AAH-3161-2019 Darlow, Ben/N-9905-2013}, ORCID-Numbers = {Abbott, J. Haxby/0000-0001-6468-7284 Wilson, Ross/0000-0001-8505-8081 Dean, Sarah/0000-0002-3682-5149 Darlow, Ben/0000-0002-6248-6814}, Number-of-Cited-References = {35}, Times-Cited = {16}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {1}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000559715700001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000387176300005, Author = {Ovretveit, John and Nelson, Eugene and James, Brent}, Title = {Building a learning health system using clinical registers: a non-technical introduction}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF HEALTH ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT}, Year = {2016}, Volume = {30}, Number = {7}, Pages = {1105-1118}, Abstract = {Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to describe how clinical registers were designed and used to serve multiple purposes in three health systems, in order to contribute practical experience for building learning healthcare systems. Design/methodology/approach - Case description and comparison of the development and use of clinical registries, drawing on participants' experience and published and unpublished research. Findings - Clinical registers and new software systems enable fact-based decisions by patients, clinicians, and managers about better care, as well as new and more economical research. Designing systems to present the data for users' daily work appears to be the key to effective use of the potential afforded by digital data. Research limitations/implications - The case descriptions draw on the experience of the authors who were involved in the development of the registers, as well as on published and unpublished research. There is limited data about outcomes for patients or cost-effectiveness. Practical implications - The cases show the significant investments which are needed to make effective use of clinical register data. There are limited skills to design and apply the digital systems to make the best use of the systems and to reduce their disadvantages. More use can be made of digital data for quality improvement, patient empowerment and support, and for research. Social implications - Patients can use their data combined with other data to self-manage their chronic conditions. There are challenges in designing and using systems so that those with lower health and computer literacy and incomes also benefit from these systems, otherwise the digital revolution may increase health inequalities. Originality/value - The paper shows three real examples of clinical registers which have been developed as part of their host health systems' strategies to develop learning healthcare systems. The paper gives a simple non-technical introduction and overview for clinicians, managers, policy-advisors and improvers of what is possible and the challenges, and highlights the need to shape the design and implementation of digital infrastructures in healthcare services to serve users.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Ovretveit, J (Corresponding Author), Karolinska Inst, LIME MMC, Stockholm, Sweden. Ovretveit, John, Karolinska Inst, LIME MMC, Stockholm, Sweden. Nelson, Eugene, Dartmouth Coll, Dartmouth Inst, Hanover, NH USA. James, Brent, Intermt Healthcare, Inst Healthcare Delivery Res, Salt Lake City, UT USA.}, DOI = {10.1108/JHOM-06-2016-0110}, ISSN = {1477-7266}, EISSN = {1758-7247}, Keywords = {Information technology; Quality improvement; Safety; Healthcare; Health information technology; Learning health system; Clinical registers}, Keywords-Plus = {INFORMATION EXCHANGE; PATIENT-CARE; QUALITY; TECHNOLOGY; IMPROVE; REGISTRIES}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Policy \& Services}, Author-Email = {jovretbis@aol.com}, ORCID-Numbers = {ovretveit, john/0000-0002-5177-6613}, Number-of-Cited-References = {45}, Times-Cited = {25}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {10}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000387176300005}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000841917800005, Author = {Agaku, Israel T. and Adeoye, Caleb and Long, Theodore G.}, Title = {Geographic, Occupational, and Sociodemographic Variations in Uptake of COVID-19 Booster Doses Among Fully Vaccinated US Adults, December 1, 2021, to January 10, 2022}, Journal = {JAMA NETWORK OPEN}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {5}, Number = {8}, Month = {AUG 19}, Abstract = {IMPORTANCE COVID-19 booster vaccine can strengthen waning immunity and widen the range of immunity against new variants. OBJECTIVE To describe geographic, occupational, and sociodemographic variations in uptake of COVID-19 booster doses among fully vaccinated US adults. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cross-sectional survey study used data from the Household Pulse Survey conducted from December 1, 2021, to January 10, 2022. Household Pulse Survey is an online, probability-based survey conducted by the US Census Bureau and is designed to yield estimates nationally, by state, and across selected metropolitan areas. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Receipt of a booster dose was defined as taking 2 or more doses of COVID-19 vaccines with the first one being the Johnson and Johnson (Janssen) vaccine, or taking 3 or more doses of any of the other COVID-19 vaccines. Weighted prevalence estimates (percentages) were computed overall and among subgroups. Adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) were calculated in a multivariable Poisson regression model to explore correlates of receiving a booster dose among those fully vaccinated. RESULTS A total of 135 821 adults completed the survey. Overall, 51.0\% were female and 41.5\% were aged 18 to 44 years (mean {[}SD] age, 48.07 {[}17.18] years). Of fully vaccinated adults, the percentage who reported being boosted was 48.5\% (state-specific range, from 39.1\% in Mississippi to 66.5\% in Vermont). Nationally, the proportion of boosted adults was highest among non-Hispanic Asian individuals (54.1\%); those aged 65 years or older (71.4\%); those with a doctoral, professional, or master's degree (68.1\%); those who were married with no children in the household (61.2\%); those with annual household income of \$200 000 or higher (69.3\%); those enrolled in Medicare (70.9\%); and those working in hospitals (60.5\%) or in deathcare facilities (eg, funeral homes; 60.5\%). Conversely, only one-third of those who ever received a diagnosis of COVID-19, were enrolled in Medicaid, working in pharmacies, with less than a high school education, and aged 18 to 24 years old were boosted. Multivariable analysis of pooled national data revealed that compared with those who did not work outside their home, the likelihood of being boosted was higher among adults working in hospitals (APR, 1.23; 95\% CI. 1.17-1.30). ambulatory health care centers (APR, 1.16; 95\% CI, 1.09-1.24), and social service settings (APR, 1.08; 95\% CI, 1.01-1.15), whereas lower likelihood was seen among those working in food or beverage stores (APR, 0.85; 95\% CI, 0.74-0.96) and the agriculture, forestry, fishing, or hunting industries (APR, 0.83; 95\% CI, 0.72-0.97). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings suggest continuing disparities in receipt of booster vaccine doses among US adults. Targeted efforts at populations with low uptake may be needed to improve booster vaccine coverage in the US.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Agaku, IT (Corresponding Author), NYC Hlth Hosp, NYC Test \& Trace Corps, 125 Worth St, New York, NY 10013 USA. Agaku, Israel T.; Adeoye, Caleb; Long, Theodore G., NYC Hlth Hosp, NYC Test \& Trace Corps, 125 Worth St, New York, NY 10013 USA.}, DOI = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.27680}, Article-Number = {e2227680}, ISSN = {2574-3805}, Keywords-Plus = {PRACTICES INTERIM RECOMMENDATION; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; UNITED-STATES; HOSPITALIZATIONS; PREVALENCE; 2-DOSE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Medicine, General \& Internal}, Author-Email = {agakui@nychhc.org}, Number-of-Cited-References = {34}, Times-Cited = {7}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000841917800005}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000725254500006, Author = {Thirumurthy, Harsha and Bair, Elizabeth F. and Ochwal, Perez and Marcus, Noora and Putt, Mary and Maman, Suzanne and Napierala, Sue and Agot, Kawango}, Title = {The effect of providing women sustained access to HIV self-tests on male partner testing, couples testing, and HIV incidence in Kenya: a cluster-randomised trial}, Journal = {LANCET HIV}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {8}, Number = {12}, Pages = {E736-E746}, Month = {DEC}, Abstract = {Background HIV self-testing can overcome barriers to HIV testing, but its potential as an HIV prevention strategy for women in sub-Saharan Africa has not been assessed. We examined whether sustained provision of self-tests to women promotes testing among sexual partners and reduces HIV incidence. Methods We conducted a pair-matched cluster-randomised trial in 66 community clusters in Siaya County, Kenya. Clusters were communities with a high prevalence of transactional sex, including beach communities along Lake Victoria and inland communities with hotspots for transactional sex such as bars and hotels. Within clusters, we recruited HIV-negative women aged 18 years or older with two or more sexual partners within the past 4 weeks. In each of the 33 cluster pairs, we randomly assigned clusters to an intervention and comparison group. In intervention clusters, we provided participants with multiple self-tests at regular intervals and encouraged secondary distribution of self-tests to sexual partners. In comparison clusters, we provided participants referral cards for facility-based testing. Follow-up visits and HIV testing occurred at 6-month intervals for up to 24 months. The primary outcome of HIV incidence among all participants who contributed at least one HIV test was analysed using discrete-time mixed effects models. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03135067. Findings Between June 4, 2017, and Aug 31, 2018, we enrolled 2090 participants (1033 in the 33 intervention clusters and 1057 in the 33 comparison clusters). Participants' median age was 25 years (IQR 22-31) and 1390 (66.6\%) of 2086 participants reported sex work as an income source. 1840 participants completed the 18-month follow-up and 570 participants completed the 24-month follow up, which ended on March 25, 2020, with a median follow-up duration of 17.6 months. HIV incidence was not significantly different between the intervention and comparison groups (1.2 vs 1.0 per 100 person-years; hazard ratio 12, 95\% CI 0.6-2.3, p=0.64). Social harms related to study participation occurred in three participants (two in the intervention group and one in the comparison group). Interpretation Sustained provision of multiple self-tests to women at high risk of HIV infection in Kenya enabled secondary distribution of self-tests to sexual partners but did not affect HIV incidence. Copyright (C) 2021 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Thirumurthy, H (Corresponding Author), Univ Penn, Dept Med Eth \& Hlth Policy, Philadelphia, PA 19004 USA. Thirumurthy, Harsha; Bair, Elizabeth F.; Marcus, Noora, Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Dept Med Eth \& Hlth Policy, Philadelphia, PA 19004 USA. Putt, Mary, Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Dept Biostat \& Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19004 USA. Ochwal, Perez; Agot, Kawango, Impact Res \& Dev Org, Kisumu, Kenya. Maman, Suzanne, Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Behav, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. Napierala, Sue, RTI Int, Womens Global Hlth Imperat, Berkeley, CA USA.}, ISSN = {2352-3018}, Keywords-Plus = {FEMALE SEX WORKERS; NYANZA PROVINCE; TRANSMISSION; MIGRANTS; CLIENTS; RISKS; CARE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Immunology; Infectious Diseases}, Author-Email = {hthirumu@upenn.edu}, ORCID-Numbers = {Napierala, Sue/0000-0003-1146-8154}, Number-of-Cited-References = {27}, Times-Cited = {4}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {3}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000725254500006}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000525108900001, Author = {Fowlie, Julie and Forder, Clare}, Title = {Can students be `nudged' to develop their employability? Using behavioural change methods to encourage uptake of industrial placements}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND WORK}, Year = {2020}, Volume = {33}, Number = {2}, Pages = {154-168}, Month = {FEB 17}, Abstract = {Preparing students for employment involves encouraging ownership of their employability and engagement in opportunities that can help them improve it. Industrial placements play an important role in this but declining numbers of students are undertaking them. Using data collected over a three-year period at a Business School in a UK university, this paper will explore an intervention based on nudge theory designed to increase the uptake of these placements. Drawing upon behavioural science, it will explore nudge theory and its criticisms. It will discuss the concept of employability, including the tensions between the necessity of promoting students' ownership of theirs and the inherent assumptions that they will engage in opportunities to achieve this. Critical assessment of how the nudge intervention worked will be provided, demonstrating how almost half of those `nudged' responded positively, thereby successfully increasing the uptake of placements. It will identify soft outcomes, notably the breaking down of some typical behavioural barriers to placements and encouraging students to think reflectively. It will offer recommendations for replicable practice in other universities; specifically a model for developing nudges not only in relation to employability but within higher education more broadly. It concludes by proposing a new pedagogic definition of employability.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Forder, C (Corresponding Author), Univ Brighton, Brighton Business Sch, Brighton, E Sussex, England. Fowlie, Julie; Forder, Clare, Univ Brighton, Brighton Business Sch, Brighton, E Sussex, England.}, DOI = {10.1080/13639080.2020.1749247}, EarlyAccessDate = {APR 2020}, ISSN = {1363-9080}, EISSN = {1469-9435}, Keywords = {Employability; nudge theory; higher education; work placement}, Keywords-Plus = {HIGHER-EDUCATION; GRADUATE EMPLOYABILITY; SKILLS DEVELOPMENT; WORK PLACEMENTS; PERCEPTIONS; EXPERIENCE; CHOICE; FUTURE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Education \& Educational Research}, Author-Email = {c.l.forder@brighton.ac.uk}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Fowlie, Julie/G-6029-2015}, ORCID-Numbers = {Forder, Clare/0000-0002-6658-2707 Fowlie, Julie/0000-0003-1131-7612}, Number-of-Cited-References = {90}, Times-Cited = {3}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {55}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000525108900001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000684207000002, Author = {Obol, James Henry and Lin, Sophia and Obwolo, Mark James and Harrison, Reema and Richmond, Robyn}, Title = {Provision of cervical cancer prevention services in Northern Uganda: a survey of health workers from rural health centres}, Journal = {BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {21}, Number = {1}, Month = {AUG 11}, Abstract = {Background Cervical cancer is the leading cancer among Ugandan women, contributing to 40 \% of all cancer cases recorded in the cancer registry. Having identified the substantial impact of cervical cancer among Ugandan women, the Ministry of Health in 2010 launched a Strategic Plan for Cervical Cancer prevention and control. This study was conducted to determine if health workers working in rural health centres (HCs) III and IV in Northern Uganda provide cervical cancer screening services as recommended in the Strategic Plan. Methods A cross-sectional survey using a structured questionnaire was conducted among nurses, midwives and clinical officers working in rural HC III and IV in Northern Uganda. Data were entered in Epidata 3.1 and analysed using Stata 16 statistical software. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed. Any factor with p-value <= 0.05 was considered a significant predictor of outcome. Results We surveyed 286 health workers. Fifty-one (18 \%) health workers were screening women for cervical cancer. Fifty-eight (21 \%) health workers have guideline for cervical cancer screening in their HCs, 93 (33 \%) participants were trained to screen women for cervical cancer. Two hundred sixty-two (92 \%) participants provided HPV vaccination. Two hundred forty-six (87 \%) participants were conducting health education about cervical cancer in their HCs. Factors associated with screening women for cervical cancer include: being a staff member from HCs III (AOR = 0.30, 95 \% CI 0.13-0.68, p = 0.00), being staff of HCs that have organization to support cervical cancer screening services (AOR = 4.38, 95 \% CI 1.99-9.63, p-=0.00), being a health worker who had been trained to screen for cervical cancer (AOR = 2.21, 95 \% CI 1.00-4.90, p = 0.05) and staff from HCs that has guideline for cervical cancer screening (AOR = 2.89, 95 \% CI 1.22-6.86, p = 0.02). Conclusions This study shows an overall structural problem related to the delivery of cervical cancer screening services in HC III and IV in Northern Uganda which the Strategic Plan has not addressed. These structural problems need urgent attention if the Uganda government and other sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries are to achieve the World Health Organization (WHO) 90-70-90 targets by 2030 to be on track for cervical cancer elimination.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Obol, JH (Corresponding Author), Univ New South Wales, Sch Populat Hlth \& Community Med, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia. Obol, JH (Corresponding Author), Gulu Univ, Fac Med, POB 166, Gulu, Uganda. Obol, James Henry; Lin, Sophia; Harrison, Reema; Richmond, Robyn, Univ New South Wales, Sch Populat Hlth \& Community Med, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia. Obol, James Henry; Obwolo, Mark James, Gulu Univ, Fac Med, POB 166, Gulu, Uganda.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12913-021-06795-5}, Article-Number = {794}, EISSN = {1472-6963}, Keywords = {Cervical cancer; Health worker; Prevention services; Northern Uganda}, Keywords-Plus = {GLOBAL BURDEN; LOW-INCOME; BARRIERS; PERSPECTIVES; WOMEN; CARE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services}, Author-Email = {obolh@yahoo.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Obol, James Henry/AAW-4023-2021 Obol, James Henry/U-6763-2018 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Obol, James Henry/0000-0001-7789-3888 Harrison, Reema/0000-0002-8609-9827}, Number-of-Cited-References = {59}, Times-Cited = {2}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000684207000002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000793591000003, Author = {Morrello, Ruth and Cook, Penny A. and Coffey, Margaret}, Title = {``Now, with a bit more knowledge, I understand why I'm asking those questions.{''} midwives' perspectives on their role in the Greater Manchester health and social care partnership's programme to reduce alcohol exposed pregnancies}, Journal = {MIDWIFERY}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {110}, Month = {JUL}, Abstract = {Objective: To understand midwives' perspectives regarding the effect of a programme of activities aimed at reducing alcohol exposed pregnancies at two NHS Trusts in Greater Manchester. The programme included new protocols for screening, a referral pathway for specialist support and alcohol training for midwives. Design and participants: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 6 midwives working in antenatal care at the two Trusts over the telephone and via video conferencing. A review of the literature provided insight into contemporary midwifery practice. The Theory of Planned Behaviour was used to inform the interview schedule design. Data analysis used a Framework Approach and drew on a priori themes from the literature review. Findings: Participating midwives described objective screening practice using a validated tool on multiple antenatal occasions and were confident to discuss alcohol. Participants were cognisant of local and national policies and guidelines. Discussing alcohol was viewed as important and part of the midwife's role, beliefs which supported participants' intention to practice in line with new protocols. Maternal underreporting and denial of alcohol consumption was a key barrier to providing effective care. Key conclusions and implications for practice: The professional practice of participants was more in keeping with the Chief Medical Officer's recommendations than that reported in recent research from the UK and other high-income countries. However, from this small study it is not possible to attribute this directly to the local Reducing Alcohol Exposed Pregnancies programme. Training to prepare midwives to elicit more accurately details of maternal alcohol consumption may improve the efficacy of the programme. (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ )}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Morrello, R (Corresponding Author), Univ Salford, Sch Hlth \& Soc, Salford M6 6PU, Lancs, England. Morrello, Ruth; Cook, Penny A.; Coffey, Margaret, Univ Salford, Sch Hlth \& Soc, Salford M6 6PU, Lancs, England.}, DOI = {10.1016/j.midw.2022.103335}, EarlyAccessDate = {APR 2022}, Article-Number = {103335}, ISSN = {0266-6138}, EISSN = {1532-3099}, Keywords = {Alcohol; Pregnancy; Screening; Midwife; Brief intervention; Foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)}, Keywords-Plus = {BRIEF INTERVENTIONS; CONSUMPTION; PROFESSIONALS; INFORMATION; POPULATION; DISORDERS; INTERVIEW; DRINKING; BEHAVIOR; OUTCOMES}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Nursing}, Author-Email = {r.morrello@edu.salford.ac.uk}, ORCID-Numbers = {Coffey, Margaret/0000-0001-5837-5532}, Number-of-Cited-References = {68}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000793591000003}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000889432600001, Author = {Reynolds, Kristin A. and Pankratz, Lily and Cameron, Emily E. and Roos, Leslie E. and Giesbrecht, Gerald F. and Lebel, Catherine and Tomfohr-Madsen, Lianne M.}, Title = {Pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative examination of ways of coping}, Journal = {ARCHIVES OF WOMENS MENTAL HEALTH}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {25}, Number = {6}, Pages = {1137-1148}, Month = {DEC}, Abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic and related public health restrictions have impacted the mental health and coping strategies of many population groups, including people who are pregnant. Our study sought to explore the ways that pregnant people described coping with stressors associated with the pandemic. N = 5879 pregnant individuals completed the pan-Canadian Pregnancy During the COVID-19 Pandemic Survey between April and December 2020. We used descriptive statistics to quantify sociodemographic characteristics and thematic analysis (Braun \& Clarke, 2006, 2019) to analyze n = 3316 open-ended text responses to the question ``Can you tell us what things you are doing to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic?{''} The average age of participants was 32 years (SD = 4.4), with the majority identifying as White (83.6\%), female (99.7\%), married (61.5\%), having completed post-secondary education (90.0\%), and working full-time (75.4\%). We categorized participant responses into two overarching thematic dimensions: (1) ways of coping and (2) coping challenges. Ways of coping included the following main themes: (1) taking care of oneself, (2) connecting socially, (3) engaging in pandemic-specific coping strategies, (4) keeping busy, (5) taking care of others, (6) creating a sense of normalcy, (7) changing perspectives, and (8) practicing spirituality. Coping challenges included the following: (1) the perception of coping poorly, (2) loss of coping methods, (3) managing frontline or essential work, and (4) worries about the future. Findings highlight important implications for targeted prenatal supports delivered remotely, including opportunities for social support, prenatal care, and mental health strategies.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Reynolds, KA (Corresponding Author), Univ Manitoba, Dept Psychol, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Reynolds, KA (Corresponding Author), Univ Manitoba, Dept Psychiat, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Reynolds, Kristin A.; Pankratz, Lily; Cameron, Emily E.; Roos, Leslie E., Univ Manitoba, Dept Psychol, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Reynolds, Kristin A., Univ Manitoba, Dept Psychiat, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Giesbrecht, Gerald F., Univ Calgary, Dept Pediat, Calgary, AB, Canada. Giesbrecht, Gerald F., Univ Calgary, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Calgary, AB, Canada. Lebel, Catherine, Univ Calgary, Dept Radiol, Calgary, AB, Canada. Tomfohr-Madsen, Lianne M., Univ Calgary, Dept Psychol, Calgary, AB, Canada.}, DOI = {10.1007/s00737-022-01277-x}, EarlyAccessDate = {NOV 2022}, ISSN = {1434-1816}, EISSN = {1435-1102}, Keywords = {Prenatal; COVID-19; Coping; Qualitative}, Keywords-Plus = {PERCEIVED BARRIERS; ANXIETY; DEPRESSION; PREVALENCE; PREFERENCES; DISTRESS; STRESS; IMPACT}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Psychiatry}, Author-Email = {Kristin.Reynolds@Umanitoba.ca}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Lebel, Catherine/B-4298-2015 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Lebel, Catherine/0000-0002-0344-4032 Tomfohr-Madsen, Lianne/0000-0002-0860-5392}, Number-of-Cited-References = {65}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {2}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000889432600001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000434093900010, Author = {Devan, Hemakumar and Hale, Leigh and Hempel, Dagmar and Saipe, Barbara and Perry, Meredith A.}, Title = {What Works and Does Not Work in a Self-Management Intervention for People With Chronic Pain? Qualitative Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis}, Journal = {PHYSICAL THERAPY}, Year = {2018}, Volume = {98}, Number = {5}, Pages = {381-397}, Month = {MAY}, Abstract = {Background. Self-management interventions fostering self-efficacy improve the well-being of people with chronic pain. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to synthesize the enablers (what works) and barriers (what does not) of incorporating self-management strategies for people in everyday life after completion of a pain self-management intervention. Data Sources. Major electronic databases (MEDLINE, AMED, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Google Scholar) were searched from inception to July 2016. Study Selection. Study selection included qualitative and mixed-method studies that explored the perceptions of individuals with chronic pain after completion of a self-management intervention. Data Extraction. A thematic analysis approach was used to synthesize the review findings, and a Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research (CER-Qual) Approach was used to assess the level of confidence. Data Synthesis. Thirty-three studies with 512 participants were included. Enablers to self-management included self-discovery-the ability to distinguish self (ie, body, thoughts, and feelings) from pain; feeling empowered by incorporating self-management strategies into practice; and supportive ambience via collaborative relationships with clinicians and support from family and friends. Barriers to self-management included difficulty with sustaining motivation for pain self-management; distress experienced from ongoing pain, anxiety, and depression; and unsupportive relationships with clinicians, family, and friends. Limitations. This review only included interventions that involved at least 4 self-management skills; thus, informative studies may have been missed. The follow-up period varied from immediately after the intervention to 72 months following the intervention; therefore, it is uncertain which of the key enablers and barriers were most influential long term. Only articles published in the English language were included; studies conducted in low-and middle-income countries could not be located. Conclusions. The sustained effort to self-manage chronic pain could be exhausting, and motivation could wane over time following intervention. Providing intermittent support in the form of booster sessions and peer support groups may be important. Person-centered care via shared decision making and guided problem solving is essential to facilitating ongoing self-management.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Devan, H (Corresponding Author), Univ Otago, Sch Physiotherapy, CHARR, Wellington, New Zealand. Devan, Hemakumar; Hale, Leigh; Perry, Meredith A., Univ Otago, Sch Physiotherapy, CHARR, Wellington, New Zealand. Hempel, Dagmar; Saipe, Barbara, CCDHB, Pain Management Serv, Wellington, New Zealand.}, DOI = {10.1093/ptj/pzy029}, ISSN = {0031-9023}, EISSN = {1538-6724}, Keywords-Plus = {RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; LOW-BACK-PAIN; COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT; SHARED DECISION-MAKING; PRIMARY-CARE PATIENTS; MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN; COMMITMENT THERAPY; SOCIAL SUPPORT; ACCEPTANCE; IMPACT}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Orthopedics; Rehabilitation}, Author-Email = {hemakumar.devan@otago.ac.nz}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Hale, Leigh Anne/AFD-2919-2022 Devan, Hemakumar/I-3218-2019 Perry, Meredith/G-8108-2017}, ORCID-Numbers = {Devan, Hemakumar/0000-0002-2923-7277 Perry, Meredith/0000-0003-1602-4421}, Number-of-Cited-References = {86}, Times-Cited = {77}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {16}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000434093900010}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000439450400006, Author = {Morcillo Martinez, Juana Ma and Sotomayor Morales, Eva Ma and de la Fuente Robles, Yolanda Ma}, Title = {The triad: initiation, transit and consolidation versus return of women that move from Tangier to Andalucia in a context of economic crisis}, Journal = {REVISTA DE ESTUDIOS REGIONALES}, Year = {2018}, Number = {111}, Pages = {157-180}, Month = {JAN-APR}, Abstract = {In this paper we analyze, on the one hand, the migratory process of women from Morocco to Andalusia in a context of economic crisis. And, on the other hand, the categories of influence in their process of social participation. For this, we have used a qualitative methodology through in-depth interviews. In the same way, it has been investigated in its speeches from a longitudinal approach taking into account three key moments in this question; the beginning, the transit and the settlement in the consolidation versus return to the society of origin. The results show how the expectations of women crossing the Mediterranean to reach Spain are built and blurred, demonstrating a lack of respect for human rights. 1. Methodology In this work, we have not intended to measure the migratory phenomenon but to describe its determinants and through the discourses, try to identify the deep nature of this social reality, its relationship system and its dynamic structure. Neither, we have not started with a consolidated explanatory theory in scientific knowledge to, through the deductive method, verify or refute the behavior of certain paradigms in social reality. This has already been done successfully on occasions as we quoted below but, based on these and starting from the reality a migratory movement carried out by women, the present work has obtained the necessary information for its development from the qualitative methodology. The strategy that we carry out is oriented to discover and understand a concrete phenomenon and this methodology is what gives meaning to our research work. In this sense, we have carefully selected the key informants with the intention of collecting their speech and obtaining a broad vision of the experiences that come with the migratory processes of Morocco women in their process of social integration in the Autonomous Community of Andalusia. On the other hand, understanding that the phenomenon can not be analyzed only from the discourse of the social actors, we carry out an ethnographic method through participant observation, culminated through registration and observation of the social context, the way in which the social actors in their context, the attitude of the professionals, the public policies and norms of the context and the behaviors and attitudes of the actors who do not intervene in the first person of the migratory phenomenon. Therefore, in addition to the ethnographic method, the methodology that we have used has been qualitative, through the technique of semi-structured interview with a sample size defined by saturation, which reached 18 cases selected through a Sampling, given the nature of the population under study. (Ruiz Olabuenaga, 1996). The in-depth interviews were carried out in the city of Tangier and in the Autonomous Community of Andalusia. The application of the in-depth interviews to our key informants was not intended, in any case, the statistical representation, but the socio-structural representation in relation to the objectives of this research work. In the same way we use two fundamental criteria when deciding who and how many women to interview: the sampling criteria of a practical nature and the sampling outside the control of the design. (I). Sample criteria of a practical nature have to do with the classification of two general types of interviewees: key and representative. The four questions or basic criteria that we considered in the selection of interviewees were: (i) who has the relevant information?; (ii) who are the most accessible women ?; (lii) who are more willing to report? And, (iv) who are better able to communicate information more accurately? Other requirements were also: (i) to be knowledgeable about the object to be investigated; (ii) that they were willing to speak, and (iii) that they represented different points of view when different perspectives existed on what was being studied. (II). Sampling out of control of the design synthesized several ideas and also had to do with the snowball procedure. Another issue to consider is the duration and repetition of the interviews that were part of the design tasks, some sample decisions were reviewed during the field work. The length of each interview session ranged from about forty-five minutes to some interviews over an hour long. It is important to emphasize that not only is it enough to ask who and how many women to interview, it must be considered that sufficient interviews must be conducted so that the interviewer feels that he has leamed everything that has to be learned and has verified these understandings through the most knowledgeable informants and that They deserve more confidence, from there came the principle of saturation. We also address two important aspects in the preparation of in-depth interviews. On the one hand, the selection of the most suitable interviewees. And on the other hand, the decisions on the most suitable conditions of date, place and record of the interviews. (I). About the researcher; It is interesting to ask how they can affect a research-interviewed interaction, since it is interviewed for research and knowledge purposes. Some interviews specified the training and special knowledge to make pertinent interventions in a conversational situation not always is easy. Decisions in this regard depended on the purposes of the study and other research contingencies. (II). About the date, place and registration; It became necessary to condition it to the interests of the study, combining a series of elements, without forcing, because to that extent the success of the interviews was largely dependent. Regarding the evaluative criteria of the quality of the interviews, we distinguished different groups of quality criteria applied. These include: (i) reliability criteria; (ii) credibility criteria; (iii) transferability; (iv) dependability; (v) authenticity and, (vi) ethical criteria. Likewise, a moderately alternative redefinition of the internal, external validity and reliability standards was applied. In our opinion we judge the credibility of the work applied for its transparency and coherence, since the quality of the information depended to a great extent on the collaboration of the interviewees, which entails serious ethical obligations towards them. In sum, the quality of the interviews applied is intrinsically related to the characteristics of the interviewed women and the ethical guidelines of the research. Jointly, informed consent and confidentiality play a key role. All these are criteria that we have taken into account in the evaluation of the quality of the interviews applied. Women were selected who: 1. They intended to emigrate. 2. In full transit. 3. They would have completed the migration process for two years or less. The categories previously selected for the analysis have been defined through the following topics: 1. The system of attributions of the beginning of the migratory process. 2. The reception process and the contextual conditions of the receiving society. 3. Comparative patterns of well-being in Morocco and Andalusia. 4. Expectations, desires and feelings. 5. Familiar social networks around the beginning of the migration project. 6. Difficulties during transit. 7. Perception of the migration project itself. 8. Interference of the economic crisis in speeches. 9. Perceptions about returning to their home society. 2. The description of the methodological approach, a special condition. Work plan and description of the phases. The work plan developed in the different phases carried out consisted of the following actions: Phase I. Initial Conceptual Model. In the first phase called the initial conceptual model, we proceeded to review and analyze the literature related to our object of study. This phase corresponds to the exploration and analysis of the scientific production in the issue that concerns us and that directly links gender and migration. Together, we follow exhaustively the design of the model according to Miles and Huberman, (1984) who; ``Establishes that from the categories emerged in the bibliographic review, conclusions must be drawn up graphically so that the relationships between the named categories are described in detail.{''} In this context, we note that the field work was carried out in the city of Tangier (Morocco) and the Autonomous Community of Andalusia in the framework of various projects for Development Cooperation of the University of Jaen and the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation Development (AECID)'. We resorted to using the intentional sampling procedure that allowed us to select the subjects in the sample. The sample was generated progressively where each subject proposed to other people they knew. At the same time we made use of participant observation or ethnographic observation. Three elements of this technique were taken into account at the time of its use; (I) social interaction, (ii) data collection protocol, and (ii) control of information. Phase II. Intermediate Model of Interviewees. In this second phase of the research, we proceeded to design the intermediate model, which starts from an empirical data, that is, from the experience on the subject to be studied. For this phase the interviews were structured in depth, whose questions were revealed by key informants and interviewed women, both of whom were intentionally selected. In order to do so, the criteria they used to contribute relevant information to our research were taken as criteria. In this sense, we use the snowball procedure. In this respect, the sample frame is the meanings. That is, those of the experience emerge. The snowball procedure allowed us to select the subjects of the sample arbitrarily, that is, allowed us to choose Moroccan women and key informants who presented very special characteristics. Once identified and with the available information they were asked to locate other members of the same study population, either by familiarity, knowledge or ease of access. The sample was generated progressively where each subject proposed to other people they knew. The analysis of the interviews was performed after the transcript. The transcripts were then sorted according to the application sequence where the statements of the informants were taken into account. Subsequently, a first sweep of data was made that allowed to be debugged the information that was repeated. In this sense, the theoretical basis of the research, the direct experience of the researchers, the different contributions of key professionals in this issue in Tangier and Andalusia, together with the application of the in-depth interviews, are guarantees that allowed to develop an exhaustive analysis Which is reflected with the development of the present investigation. Phase III. Final Conceptual Model. In the final conceptual model the observations and the discussion were elaborated according to the theoretical positions described in the theoretical review and with the answers of the people interviewed. The contrast of these two phases made it possible to formulate theorizing. Theorizing, according to Martinez, (1999): ``Is a way to look at the facts, to organize them and to represent them conceptually, through a new network of relations between the constituent parts.{''} From this point of view, the theory turns out to be the production of human intelligence, since imagination and experience have been part of the construction of knowledge. We consider that the content analysis as a way to approach an investigation, is a methodological complement that allows to obtain knowledge of precise and effective way. The systematization of information leads to the construction of a theorization, which is reached, to the extent that we appropriate the acquired knowledge. In sum, the design of the final conceptual model originated from the interaction and contrast of the matching elements of the categories and subcategories extracted from both the initial model and the intermediate model. Research objectives: 1. Observe the legislative framework and immigration policies and integration models in the context of Andalusia and Tangier. 2. Analyze the conditions and discourses that are generated in this migration process both in the context of departure, in transit and in the receiving society. 3. Analyze the migration process of Moroccan women to Andalusia, based on their expectations, experiences and personal assessments. 4. Identify the discourses around the exclusion processes that affect the Moroccan woman in the host society 5. Design proposals for improvement, achieving the overcoming of the more generalist positions insofar as they identify the migratory phenomenon as unique. Results in relation to objectives. 1. The exclusionary factors of this particular phenomenon are identified in such a way that proposes the adaptation of public policies and measures in which integration and socio-labor participation is the key axis of action and women are recognized in all areas of performance. However, it is recognized that certain changes in their societies of origin are also necessary. 2. The speeches that are generated in the migratory process are analyzed. These discourses related to the intention to emigrate that is generated in the society of origin, in the transit and in the process of consolidation that takes place in the receiving society. It is highlighted that migratory flows bring into contact the systems of gender and social class inequality of two different societies: the society of origin and the host society. Therefore, the importance of analyzing these issues is recognized. This is why we have analyzed this migratory phenomenon in three key moments. {[}GRAPHICS] . The migratory process of Moroccan women, in their economic character, has a specific reception in a segmented labor market, with tasks of family and domestic care, surrounded by a great vulnerability, but which satisfies to some extent their migratory expectations. 3. The current economic crisis suffered by Andalusia, for almost a decade, provokes that, although this is identified by the protagonists in forms that are ignored in their speeches, I acted as a mechanism to curb and expel female migration, or Precarization of underemployment to which they access. 4. Different situations related to different moments of the migration are exposed within a frame of fatigue and wear. Subsequently, some perceptions of well-being are shown, in cases where women understand that their expectations have been met. 5. We believe it is necessary, despite not being evident, an improvement in Spanish policies to improve the quality of life of women, to make proposals generated by the results of the analysis in the sense of improving the integration and social participation of Moroccan women who should have institutional resources in different areas, highlighting improvements in the current Aliens Act, access to the education system, labor insertion, language learning, accreditation of studies, gender violence, impartial media and poor housing. In our opinion, it is important to develop many positive actions and political will to achieve an optimal process of integration and social participation of women from Morocco in Andalusia.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {Spanish}, Affiliation = {Martinez, JMM (Corresponding Author), Univ Jaen, Jaen, Spain. Morcillo Martinez, Juana Ma; Sotomayor Morales, Eva Ma; de la Fuente Robles, Yolanda Ma, Univ Jaen, Jaen, Spain.}, ISSN = {0213-7585}, Keywords = {Migration; Women from the Morocco; Economic aisle; Exclusion processes and public policies}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Environmental Studies}, Number-of-Cited-References = {19}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {23}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000439450400006}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000753486400005, Author = {Parreiras Martins, Maria Auxiliadora and De Medeiros, Amanda Fonseca and Carneiro de Almeida, Claudmeire Dias and Moreira Reis, Adriano Max}, Title = {Preparedness of pharmacists to respond to the emergency of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: a comprehensive overview}, Journal = {DRUGS \& THERAPY PERSPECTIVES}, Year = {2020}, Volume = {36}, Number = {10}, Pages = {455-462}, Month = {OCT}, Abstract = {The outbreak of COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries is worrisome due to the social inequalities in these countries, their limited health budgets and the significant burden of other acute and chronic diseases. The leap in the number of cases in Brazil has imposed a huge strain on the healthcare system. We sought to provide a comprehensive overview of the challenges encountered by pharmacy services in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic emergency in Brazil and discuss the role of clinical pharmacists in this context. Pharmaceutical services play a key role in the emergency response to the pandemic. The pharmacy workforce has been actively working to manage drug shortages, redesign workflow, and review drug formularies/protocols to improve safety for patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs). COVID-19 patients may present high risk in the use of medications and clinical pharmacists can contribute substantially as part of a multidisciplinary team to improve outcomes in drug therapy in severe and critical illness. The participation of pharmacists as members of antimicrobial stewardship programs should be enhanced to ensure appropriate and safe use of antibiotics in this context. HCPs should be encouraged to seek improvements in the performance of pharmaceutical services and innovative practices to respond to the pandemic. Further studies are needed to generate knowledge on COVID-19 to improve patient care in vulnerable populations.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Martins, MAP (Corresponding Author), Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Fac Farm, Av Pres Antonio Carlos 6627,Campus Pampulha, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Martins, MAP (Corresponding Author), Hosp Risoleta Tolentino Neves, R Gabirobas 1, BR-31744012 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Martins, MAP (Corresponding Author), Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Hosp Clin, Av Prof Alfredo Balena 110, BR-30130100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Martins, MAP (Corresponding Author), ISMP Brasil, Inst Prat Seguras Uso Medicamentos, Av Contorno 9215,Sl 502, BR-30110063 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Parreiras Martins, Maria Auxiliadora; Moreira Reis, Adriano Max, Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Fac Farm, Av Pres Antonio Carlos 6627,Campus Pampulha, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Parreiras Martins, Maria Auxiliadora; De Medeiros, Amanda Fonseca; Moreira Reis, Adriano Max, Hosp Risoleta Tolentino Neves, R Gabirobas 1, BR-31744012 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Parreiras Martins, Maria Auxiliadora; Carneiro de Almeida, Claudmeire Dias; Moreira Reis, Adriano Max, Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Hosp Clin, Av Prof Alfredo Balena 110, BR-30130100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Parreiras Martins, Maria Auxiliadora; Moreira Reis, Adriano Max, ISMP Brasil, Inst Prat Seguras Uso Medicamentos, Av Contorno 9215,Sl 502, BR-30110063 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.}, DOI = {10.1007/s40267-020-00761-7}, ISSN = {1172-0360}, EISSN = {1179-1977}, Keywords-Plus = {CORONAVIRUS; CARE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Pharmacology \& Pharmacy}, Author-Email = {auxiliadorapmartins@hotmail.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Reis, Adriano/AAN-5180-2021 Martins, Maria/IQT-0561-2023 Reis, Adriano/A-4449-2014 Martins, Maria Auxiliadora P/I-6136-2018 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Reis, Adriano/0000-0002-0017-7338 Martins, Maria Auxiliadora P/0000-0002-5211-411X Fonseca Medeiros, Amanda/0000-0002-6747-6172}, Number-of-Cited-References = {60}, Times-Cited = {5}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {2}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000753486400005}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:001022208700001, Author = {Kelly, Crystal and Cornwell, Petrea and Hewetson, Ronelle and Copley, Anna}, Title = {The pervasive and unyielding impacts of cognitive-communication changes following traumatic brain injury}, Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE \& COMMUNICATION DISORDERS}, Year = {2023}, Month = {2023 JUL 10}, Abstract = {BackgroundCognitive-communication disorders (CCDs) are common in the traumatic brain injury (TBI) population. Despite this, there has been limited research that explores the long-term impacts of reduced cognitive-communication functioning on daily life for this population. AimsTo identify the long-term impacts of cognitive-communication impairment as reported by adults with TBI and their significant others. Methods \& ProceduresA qualitative descriptive approach grounded in phenomenology was used. Semi-structured, one-on-one interviews were conducted with adults with CCDs following TBI (n = 16) and their significant others (n = 12) to explore their lived experiences. Outcomes \& ResultsReflexive thematic analysis revealed an overarching theme of `The pervasive and unyielding impacts of cognitive-communication changes on daily life following TBI'. Within this overarching theme, three subthemes were identified: (1) self-awareness of communication changes; (2) fatigue; and (3) self-identity and life roles. Conclusion \& ImplicationsThe findings from this study highlight the long-term negative impacts of reduced cognitive-communication functioning on daily life. Health professionals supporting this population should consider ways to reduce the significant impact CCDs have on the lives of adults following TBI and their significant others. In addition, the findings highlight the importance of long-term rehabilitation services following TBI, with further research needed that explores how these services can be optimised. What this paper addsWhat is already known on this subjectCognitive-communication disorders (CCDs) affect the majority of adults who experience moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and encompass any component of communication that is affected by cognition. The hallmark characteristic of CCDs are breakdowns that affect social communication skills as well as cognitive-linguistic deficits. Combined, these can have dramatic implications for a person's quality of life, their level of independence, employment opportunities and social participation. There has been limited research to date that explores the long-term impacts of CCDs on the lives of adults following TBI. Further research that explores these impacts is needed to improve the support services and rehabilitation models of care available for this population. What this study addsThe overarching theme was `The pervasive and unyielding impacts of communication changes on daily life following TBI' with subthemes including changed communication, self-awareness of communication changes, fatigue and self-identity and life roles. The findings from this study highlight the long-term negative impacts of reduced cognitive-communication functioning on everyday functioning and quality of life as well as the importance of long-term rehabilitation services following TBI. What are the clinical implications of this work?Speech-language therapists and other health professionals working with this clinical population should consider how to address the significant and long-lasting impacts of CCDs. Due to the complex nature of the barriers experienced by this clinical population, an interdisciplinary targeted approach is advised wherever possible when providing rehabilitation services.}, Type = {Article; Early Access}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Kelly, C (Corresponding Author), Griffith Univ, Sch Hlth Sci \& Social Work, Nathan, Qld, Australia. Kelly, Crystal; Cornwell, Petrea; Hewetson, Ronelle, Griffith Univ, Sch Hlth Sci \& Social Work, Nathan, Qld, Australia. Copley, Anna, Univ Queensland, Sch Hlth \& Rehabil Sci, Brisbane, Australia.}, DOI = {10.1111/1460-6984.12923}, EarlyAccessDate = {JUL 2023}, ISSN = {1368-2822}, EISSN = {1460-6984}, Keywords = {cognitive-communication; qualitative methodology; speech and language therapists; traumatic brain injury}, Keywords-Plus = {IMPAIRED SELF-AWARENESS; QUALITATIVE RESEARCH; MENTORING PROGRAM; REHABILITATION; COMMUNITY; INTERVENTIONS; SATURATION; INTERVIEWS; RECOVERY; IDENTITY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Audiology \& Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Rehabilitation}, Author-Email = {crystal.kelly@griffithuni.edu.au}, ORCID-Numbers = {Kelly, Crystal/0000-0003-1669-5137}, Number-of-Cited-References = {58}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:001022208700001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000313626800001, Author = {Vahabi, Mandana and Damba, Cynthia}, Title = {Perceived barriers in accessing food among recent Latin American immigrants in Toronto}, Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR EQUITY IN HEALTH}, Year = {2013}, Volume = {12}, Month = {JAN 3}, Abstract = {Objective: In Canada, recent immigrant households experience more food insecurity than the general population, but limited information is available about the personal, cultural, and social factors that contribute to this vulnerability. This study focused on recent Latin American (LA) immigrants to explore their perceived barriers in acquiring safe, nutritious, and culturally-appropriate food. Design: A cross-sectional mixed-method design was applied to collect information from a convenience sample of 70 adult Spanish/Portuguese speakers who had arrived in Toronto within the last five years. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with primary household caregivers to obtain responses about barriers to acquiring food for their households; data were analyzed using a thematic analysis technique. Results: Four main categories of barriers were identified: limited financial resources; language difficulty; cultural food preferences; and poor knowledge of available community-based food resources and services. Inadequate income was the main impediment in accessing adequate food, and was related to affordability of food items, accessibility of food outlets and transportation cost, and limited time for grocery shopping due to work conditions. Language barriers affected participants' ability to obtain well-paid employment and their awareness about and access to available community-based food resources. Cultural barriers were related to food preferences and limited access to culturally-appropriate foods and resources. Conclusion: The main barrier to food security among our sample of LA newcomers to Toronto is limited financial resources, highlighting the need for policies and strategies that could improve their financial power to purchase sufficient, nutritious, and culturally-acceptable food. Linguistic barriers and limited information among newcomers suggest the need to provide linguistically-and culturally-appropriate information related to community-based food programs and resources, as well as accessible subsidized English language programs, in the community and at workplaces. Participatory community-based food programs can augment, in a socially acceptable manner, food resources and reduce the social stigma attached to food charity. Finally, it is crucial to monitor and evaluate existing social and community-based services for their accessibility, cultural appropriateness and diversity, and effectiveness.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Vahabi, M (Corresponding Author), Ryerson Univ, Daphne Cockwell Sch Nursing, Fac Community Serv, 350 Victoria St, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada. Vahabi, Mandana, Ryerson Univ, Daphne Cockwell Sch Nursing, Fac Community Serv, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada. Vahabi, Mandana, Ryerson Univ, Ctr Studies Food Secur, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.}, DOI = {10.1186/1475-9276-12-1}, Article-Number = {1}, EISSN = {1475-9276}, Keywords = {Canada-Toronto; Recent Latin American immigrants; Food security; Cultural and Linguistic barriers; Community- based food programs}, Keywords-Plus = {INSECURITY; HEALTH; INSUFFICIENCY; SECURITY; RISK}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {mvahabi@ryerson.ca}, ORCID-Numbers = {Vahabi, Mandana/0000-0002-7950-7335}, Number-of-Cited-References = {45}, Times-Cited = {38}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {42}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000313626800001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000573375500018, Author = {Fry, M. Whitney and Saidi, Salima and Musa, Abdirahman and Kithyoma, Vanessa and Kumar, Pratap}, Title = {``Even though I am alone, I feel that we are many{''} - An appreciative inquiry study of asynchronous, provider-to-provider teleconsultations in Turkana, Kenya}, Journal = {PLOS ONE}, Year = {2020}, Volume = {15}, Number = {9}, Month = {SEP 15}, Abstract = {Non-physician clinicians (NPCs) in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) often have little physical proximity to the resources-equipment, supplies or skills-needed to deliver effective care, forcing them to refer patients to distant sites. Unlike equipment or supplies, which require dedicated supply chains, physician/specialist skills needed to support NPCs can be sourced and delivered through telecommunication technologies. In LMICs however, these skills are scarce and sparsely distributed, making it difficult to implement commonly used real-time (synchronous), hub-and-spoke telemedicine paradigms. An asynchronous teleconsultations service was implemented in Turkana County, Kenya, connecting NPCs with a volunteer network of remote physicians and specialists. In 2017-18, the service supported over 100 teleconsultations and referrals across 20 primary healthcare clinics and two hospitals. This qualitative study aimed to explore the impact of the telemedicine intervention on health system stakeholders, and perceived health-related benefits to patients. Data were collected using Appreciative Inquiry, a strengths-based, positive approach to assessing interventions and informing systems change. We highlight the impact of provider-to-provider asynchronous teleconsultations on multiple stakeholders and healthcare processes. Provider benefits include improved communication and team work, increased confidence and capacity to deliver services in remote sites, and professional satisfaction for both NPCs and remote physicians. Health system benefits include efficiency improvements through improved care coordination and avoiding unnecessary referrals, and increased equity and access to physician/specialist care by reducing geographical, financial and social barriers. Providers and health system managers recognised several non-health benefits to patients including increased trust and care seeking from NPCs, and social benefits of avoiding unnecessary referrals (reduced social disruption, displacement and costs). The findings reveal the wider impact that modern teleconsultation services enabled by mobile technologies and algorithms can have on LMIC communities and health systems. The study highlights the importance of viewing provider-to-provider teleconsultations as complex health service delivery interventions with multiple pathways and processes that can ultimately improve health outcomes.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Kumar, P (Corresponding Author), Hlth E Net Ltd, Nairobi, Kenya. Kumar, P (Corresponding Author), Strathmore Univ, Sch Business, Inst Healthcare Management, Nairobi, Kenya. Fry, M. Whitney; Saidi, Salima; Kithyoma, Vanessa; Kumar, Pratap, Hlth E Net Ltd, Nairobi, Kenya. Musa, Abdirahman, Minist Hlth Serv \& Sanitat, Nairobi, Turkana County, Kenya. Kumar, Pratap, Strathmore Univ, Sch Business, Inst Healthcare Management, Nairobi, Kenya. Fry, M. Whitney, Iris Grp, Nairobi, Kenya. Kithyoma, Vanessa, MHlth Kenya Ltd, Nairobi, Kenya.}, DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0238806}, Article-Number = {e0238806}, ISSN = {1932-6203}, Keywords-Plus = {MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; MOBILE-HEALTH; CARE; CLINICIAN; MORTALITY; SERVICES; PROGRAM; PEOPLE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Multidisciplinary Sciences}, Author-Email = {pkumar@strathmore.edu}, ORCID-Numbers = {Kumar, Pratap/0000-0002-9807-3579 Fry, Whitney/0000-0001-5442-7964}, Number-of-Cited-References = {45}, Times-Cited = {6}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {2}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000573375500018}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000424550200002, Author = {Gabriel Brida, Juan and Noel Gonzalez, Maria and Lanzilotta, Bibiana}, Title = {Analysis of the Determinants of Domestic Tourism in Uruguay}, Journal = {REVISTA DE ESTUDIOS REGIONALES}, Year = {2017}, Number = {108}, Pages = {43-78}, Month = {JAN-APR}, Abstract = {This paper analyses the determinants of flows of domestic tourism in Uruguay in the context of an extended gravity model during the period 2010-2012. This analysis is done at a disaggregated level, considering the bilateral flows between two regions (department) of the country, one as source of tourism and the other as the destination. Gravity models suggest that tourist flows depend positively on the size of each region (department in Uruguay) and negatively on the distance between them. The extended version includes explanatory variables to characterize the supply and demand for domestic tourism. Three models are estimated, one for each year, which allows to compare and to estimate the robustness of the results. The methodology of estimating applied (following Santos, Silva and Teynero 2006)) was Pseudo-Poisson Maximum Likelihood with cross-section data which has been proven, is one of the most appropriate for estimating gravity models. Domestic tourist flows are represented from the number of trips from one region (department) to another, for the 19 departments of the country within a calendar year. Results obtained in this paper constitute a first contribution to the analysis of the determinants of domestic tourist movements, and provides potentially valuable information for decision-making of public and private sectors (planning strategies, policy, marketing, communication). The study shows that tourist flows depend positively on the size of population of each department and negatively of the distance that separates them. This result is in line with the general gravity models and also with the results recently found in another countries (Galvez, Muro and Such, 2014; Massida and Etzo, 2012; Marrocu and Pacci, 2013). The regions (departments) with higher income and the capital of the country (Montevideo) are the main sources of domestic tourists. The research also shows that the departments that share a border have greater tourist flows between each other. In addition, departments with ocean coasts or good quality accommodation have a significant comparative advantage over the others. On the demand side, income earnings of people, as well as being determinant of the number of tourists that a department emits, has an elasticity greater than unity, showing that domestic tourism behaves as a luxury good. It is important to highlight the role that the capital as an issuer of tourists. Montevideo is the city where the main terminals of public transport are located and begins the national road network, allowing direct connection of the city with any department of the interior. The results suggest also that strategies of communication and promotion of tourism products and destinations, both public and private utilities, are oriented towards/from the capital (Montevideo) and the regions with higher levels of population and income. In this regard, it is important to think of better transport links between the different departmental capitals that, although have transport infrastructure (terminals and road network), in some cases, do not have direct mobility to all departments if no prior connection to Montevideo. From the supply-side point of view, the Atlantic Ocean beaches are the main comparative advantage of the departments as a tourist destination. This is the reason that explains the fact that the departments of Maldonado and Rocha concentrate much of the tourism of sun and beach during the summer months. One of the unexpected results of this work was the negative impact on incoming tourism flows of the departments that have coasts on the Rio de la Plata. This result is closely related to the concentration of domestic tourism in the summer season where the preferences of tourists are sun and beach, and the quality of water and sand is better on the Atlantic coast. Additionally, it was found that the existence of good quality accommodation (3-5 stars) causes a differential effect on the decision about which department tourists choose to vacation. Controlled by the other factors, the existence of differential lodging has a positive and differential effect on the inflow of tourists. Finally, there is a negative effect on domestic tourism flows if departments share border with Argentina. In these regions, the border effect is clearly unfavourable. Therefore, in these cases should be maximized efforts to improve the competitiveness of services, from the quality of services provided and tourism products offered. In more general terms, the results show the rationality of that communication strategies and promotion of tourism products and destinations, are geared towards Montevideo and the departments with major population and income per capita. It is also important to address these efforts to neighbours departments, as empirical evidence shows a positive relationship between tourist flows and the fact that departments share administrative boundaries. In terms of the policy implications of these results, it would be interesting to think of departmental or regional agreements for the creation of a network of promotion, where the adjoining departments can benefit from the implementation of joint tourist promotion strategies. Finally, thinking of an efficient marketing, this work provides relevant information on the system components of internal tourism in Uruguay: the peculiarities of the source market of tourists in the country and also provides information on the competitive position of destinations. Taking into account these information would help to attract and retain domestic tourists. Thinking in extensions of this work, a first one that emerges is the incorporation of the information for the years 2013 onwards (not available at the date of preparation of this paper). For example, extending the information a couple of years would enable applying other estimation techniques (pool cross section and panel data) that would enrich the analysis. In turn, it would make it possible to analyse the robustness of the results obtained by applying alternative estimation methods (Models Zero Inflated, etc.) and to explore a better way to capture the effect of the (not significant as these results) multilateral resistance. Moreover, the desegregation of analysis between tourist flows corresponding to regular trips, no regular trips and excursions, could yield to relevant results for public policy. Regular trips have different characteristics than the other (more associated with vacation travel) and it is important to considering them separately. Finally, another possible variant of this study is to consider a different regional disaggregation, for example using the regionalization criteria defined by the Ministry of Tourism and Sports, grouping them in six tourist areas (Montevideo, Southeast, Central, South west, Coast, North).}, Type = {Article}, Language = {Spanish}, Affiliation = {Brida, JG (Corresponding Author), Univ Republ Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay. Gabriel Brida, Juan; Noel Gonzalez, Maria; Lanzilotta, Bibiana, Univ Republ Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay.}, ISSN = {0213-7585}, Keywords = {Domestic tourism; Gravity model; Pseudo-Poisson Maximum Likelihood; Uruguay; Tourism economics}, Keywords-Plus = {INTERNATIONAL TOURISM; GRAVITY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Environmental Studies}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Mernies, Bibiana Lanzilotta/AAB-3946-2022 Lanzilotta, Bibiana/HKN-4417-2023 Brida, Juan Gabriel/H-3727-2015 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Brida, Juan Gabriel/0000-0002-2319-5790 Lanzilotta, Bibiana/0000-0001-6590-7277}, Number-of-Cited-References = {28}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {14}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000424550200002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000443789900003, Author = {Loignon, Christine and Nouvet, Elysee and Couturier, Francois and Benhadj, Lynda and Adhikari, Neill K. J. and Murthy, Srinivas and Fowler, Rob A. and Lamontagne, Francois}, Title = {Barriers to supportive care during the Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa: Results of a qualitative study}, Journal = {PLOS ONE}, Year = {2018}, Volume = {13}, Number = {9}, Month = {SEP 5}, Abstract = {Background During the 2013-2016 West Africa Ebola outbreak, supportive care was the only non-experimental treatment option for patients with Ebola virus disease (EVD). However, providing care that would otherwise be routine for most clinical settings in the context of a highly contagious and lethal pathogen is much more challenging. The objective of this study was to document and deepen understanding of barriers to provision of supportive care in Ebola treatment units (ETUs) as perceived by those involved in care delivery during the outbreak. Methods This qualitative study consisted of 29 in-depth semi-structured interviews with stakeholders (decision-makers, physicians, nurses) involved in patient care delivery during the outbreak. Analysis consisted of interview debriefing and team-based transcript coding in NVivo10 software using thematic analysis. Findings Participants emphasized three interconnected barriers to providing high-quality supportive care during the outbreak: 1) lack of material and human resources in ETUs; 2) ETU organizational structure limiting the provision of supportive clinical care; and 3) delayed and poorly coordinated policies limiting the effectiveness of global and national responses. Participants also noted the ethical complexities of defining and enacting best clinical practices in low-income countries. They noted tension between, on one hand, scaling up minimal care and investing in clinical care preparedness to a level sustainable in West Africa and, on the other, providing a higher level of supportive care, which in low-resource health systems would require important investments. Conclusion Our findings identified potentially modifiable barriers to the delivery of supportive care to patients with EVD in West Africa. Addressing these in the inter-outbreak period will be useful to improve patient care and outcomes during inevitable future outbreaks. Promoting community trust and engagement through long-term capacity building of the healthcare work-force and infrastructure would increase both health system resilience and ability to handle other outbreaks of emerging diseases.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Loignon, C (Corresponding Author), Univ Sherbrooke, Fac Med \& Hlth Sci, Sherbrooke, PQ, Canada. Loignon, Christine; Couturier, Francois; Benhadj, Lynda; Lamontagne, Francois, Univ Sherbrooke, Fac Med \& Hlth Sci, Sherbrooke, PQ, Canada. Nouvet, Elysee, Univ Western Ontario, Sch Hlth Studies, London, ON, Canada. Adhikari, Neill K. J.; Fowler, Rob A., Univ Toronto, Interdept Div Crit Care, Dept Crit Care Med, Sunnybrook Hlth Sci Ctr, Toronto, ON, Canada. Murthy, Srinivas, Univ British Columbia, Fac Med, Vancouver, BC, Canada.}, DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0201091}, Article-Number = {e0201091}, ISSN = {1932-6203}, Keywords-Plus = {EPIDEMIC}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Multidisciplinary Sciences}, Author-Email = {Christine.Loignon@Usherbrooke.ca}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Murthy, Srinivas/AAS-7243-2020 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Murthy, Srinivas/0000-0002-9476-839X Nouvet, Elysee/0000-0002-1607-3453 Ansumana, Rashid/0000-0002-1973-7200 Lamontagne, Francois/0000-0002-0360-3427}, Number-of-Cited-References = {32}, Times-Cited = {14}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {12}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000443789900003}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000315279500006, Author = {Farin, Erik and Nagl, Michaela}, Title = {The patient-physician relationship in patients with breast cancer: influence on changes in quality of life after rehabilitation}, Journal = {QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH}, Year = {2013}, Volume = {22}, Number = {2}, Pages = {283-294}, Month = {MAR}, Abstract = {The objective of this study was to examine whether aspects of the patient-physician relationship for breast cancer patients have an influence on the change in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after inpatient rehabilitation. N = 329 breast cancer patients undergoing inpatient rehabilitation in Germany were surveyed using questionnaires at the beginning of rehabilitation, end of rehabilitation, and 6 months after rehabilitation. Multiple imputations and multilevel models of change were used in the data analyses. Even after comprehensive adjustment for sociodemographic, medical, psychological variables, and center effects, aspects of the physician-patient relationship were statistically and clinically relevant predictors of HRQOL after rehabilitation. Satisfaction with physician's care appears to have a rather short-term effect, but the effect of promoting patient participation can still be partially determined 6 months after rehabilitation. Other important predictors of HRQOL improvement are optimism, higher level of education, higher income, living with a partner, and the ability to work. By taking into consideration the patient's communication and participation needs, physicians can contribute to an improved HRQOL after rehabilitation. The high predictive power of socioeconomic factors shows that rehabilitation care can be more effective if it accounts for the specific situation of socially disadvantaged individuals.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Farin, E (Corresponding Author), Univ Freiburg, Med Ctr, Dept Qual Management \& Social Med, Engelbergerstr 21, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. Farin, Erik; Nagl, Michaela, Univ Freiburg, Med Ctr, Dept Qual Management \& Social Med, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany.}, DOI = {10.1007/s11136-012-0151-5}, ISSN = {0962-9343}, EISSN = {1573-2649}, Keywords = {Patient-physician relationship; Quality of life; Oncology; Optimism; Socioeconomic factors}, Keywords-Plus = {HEALTH-RELATED-QUALITY; MEDICAL DECISION-MAKING; FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT; FOLLOW-UP; PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; SOCIAL SUPPORT; CHINESE WOMEN; NECK-CANCER; PREDICTORS; SCALE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services; Health Policy \& Services; Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {erik.farin@uniklinik-freiburg.de}, ORCID-Numbers = {Farin-Glattacker, Erik/0000-0001-6867-0316}, Number-of-Cited-References = {74}, Times-Cited = {18}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {19}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000315279500006}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000860555400002, Author = {Maringe, F. and Chiramba, O.}, Title = {DISRUPTIONS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: MITIGATING ISSUES OF ACCESS AND SUCCESS IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC}, Journal = {SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF HIGHER EDUCATION}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {36}, Number = {4}, Pages = {6-20}, Abstract = {Disruptions create both new opportunities and challenges in higher education. In settled times, education systems plod along with an assumed and uncritical acceptance of normalcy of the status-quo. When the status quo is disrupted, suddenly the patched-up cracks reveal the depth and magnitude of the simmering problems of the sector in graphic ways.Access and success are arguably the two most poignant indicators of the performance of higher education systems. In post-colonial societies such as South Africa, access is used to estimate progress in broadening participation in higher education, particularly to young people from previously disadvantaged communities. Access has two broad meanings: increased enrolments and enhanced epistemological impact. Success, on the other hand is measured variously but mainly through graduation and progression rates across different socio-economic higher education students groups and also on the quality of their performances.In this article we provide a theoretical discussion of the notions of disruptions and their impact in higher education; examine the questions of access and success in higher education; and conclude that the chasm lying between access by participation and access by success requires substantial transformation of a knowledge system that is alien to the cultural context of the country; rebalancing and recalibrating the broader ideological environment that privileges liberalism while paying token attention to social justice and inclusion beyond mere symbolism; and a persistent refocusing on emancipatory pedagogies, designed to liberate rather than subjugate graduates into pigeon holed choices in the labour market which are designed to serve the needs of owners of capital as the primary motive of employment.We conclude by identifying critical factors that appear to lead to a failure by universities to bridge the gap between access by participation and access by success or epistemological access.Most of these tend to be structurally embedded in the fabric of higher education institutions and the sector and include, a persistent coloniality of the sector, disjuncture between the intended ideological framework guiding national development and the operating economic models and institutional inertia to move beyond the canonical bases of higher education based on western epistemes.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Maringe, F (Corresponding Author), Univ Witwatersrand, Leadership \& Policy Studies, Johannesburg, South Africa. Maringe, F., Univ Witwatersrand, Leadership \& Policy Studies, Johannesburg, South Africa. Chiramba, O., Univ Johannesburg, Fac Educ, Johannesburg, South Africa.}, DOI = {10.20853/36-4-5382}, ISSN = {1011-3487}, EISSN = {1753-5913}, Keywords = {access in higher education; COVID-19 pandemic; disruptions; higher education; success in higher education; teaching and learning; transformation}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Education \& Educational Research}, Number-of-Cited-References = {29}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {1}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000860555400002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000865029600001, Author = {Groen, Gunter and Joerns-Presentati, Astrid and Dessauvagie, Anja and Seedat, Soraya and van den Heuvel, Leigh L. and Suliman, Sharain and Grobler, Gerhard and Jansen, Ronelle and Mwape, Lonia and Mukwato, Patricia and Chapima, Fabian and Korhonen, Joonas and Stein, Dan J. and Jonker, Deborah and Mudenda, John and Turunen, Timo and Valtins, Karlis and Beinarovica, Anete and Grada, Leva and Lahti, Mari}, Title = {Development of a Mobile Application for Detection of Adolescent Mental Health Problems and Feasibility Assessment with Primary Health Care Workers}, Journal = {ISSUES IN MENTAL HEALTH NURSING}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {43}, Number = {11}, Pages = {1046-1055}, Month = {NOV 2}, Abstract = {Introduction: There has been a sharp increase in the use of digital health interventions in global health, particularly mobile health applications, in recent years. The extreme shortage of health care providers trained in mental health screening and intervention in low- and middle-income countries raises questions about the applicability of mobile applications to deliver these services due to their accessibility and availability. This exploratory paper describes the development and feasibility assessment of a mobile screening application for the detection of mental disorders among adolescents in Zambia and South Africa. Methods: Eighty-two health care workers (HCW) working in primary care evaluated the acceptability and practicality of the mobile screening application after receiving brief training. The evaluation included questions from the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) as well as open-ended questions. Results: The acceptability of the screening app was high and study participants were positive about using the app in routine care. Problems with internet connectivity, and time and staff constraints were perceived as the main barriers to regular use. Conclusion: HCW in primary care were able and willing to use a mobile screening app for the detection of mental health problems among treatment-seeking adolescents. Implementation in clinical practice needs to be further evaluated.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Groen, G (Corresponding Author), Hamburg Univ Appl Sci, Dept Social Work, Hamburg, Germany. Groen, Gunter; Joerns-Presentati, Astrid; Dessauvagie, Anja, Hamburg Univ Appl Sci, Dept Social Work, Hamburg, Germany. Seedat, Soraya; van den Heuvel, Leigh L.; Suliman, Sharain, Stellenbosch Univ, Fac Med \& Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat, Cape Town, South Africa. Seedat, Soraya; van den Heuvel, Leigh L.; Suliman, Sharain, Stellenbosch Univ, Univ Genom Brain Disorders Res Unit, South African Med Res Council Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa. Grobler, Gerhard, Univ Pretoria, Steve Biko Acad Hosp, Clin Unit, Psychiat, Pretoria, South Africa. Grobler, Gerhard, Univ Pretoria, Dept Psychiat, Pretoria, South Africa. Jansen, Ronelle, Univ Free State, Sch Nursing, Bloemfontein, South Africa. Mwape, Lonia; Mukwato, Patricia; Chapima, Fabian, Univ Zambia, Dept Nursing, Lusaka, Zambia. Korhonen, Joonas; Lahti, Mari, Turku Univ Appl Sci, Nursing Sci Dept, Hlth \& Well Being, Turku, Finland. Lahti, Mari, Univ Turku, Dept Nursing Sci, Turku, Finland. Stein, Dan J., Univ Cape Town, Dept Psychiat \& Neurosci Inst, SA MRC Unit Risk \& Resilience Mental Disorders, Cape Town, South Africa. Jonker, Deborah, Univ Cape Town, Dept Psychiat \& Mental Hlth, Cape Town, South Africa. Mudenda, John, Lusaka Apex Med Univ, Med Educ, Lusaka, Zambia. Turunen, Timo, Riga Tech Univ, Riga, Latvia. Valtins, Karlis; Grada, Leva, Univ Latvia, Riga, Latvia. Beinarovica, Anete, Latvian Acad Culture, Riga, Latvia.}, DOI = {10.1080/01612840.2022.2124003}, EarlyAccessDate = {SEP 2022}, ISSN = {0161-2840}, EISSN = {1096-4673}, Keywords-Plus = {INFORMATION; COUNTRIES}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Nursing; Psychiatry}, Author-Email = {gunter.groen@haw-hamburg.de}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Stein, Dan J/A-1752-2008 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Stein, Dan J/0000-0001-7218-7810 Groen, Gunter/0000-0001-9947-8722 Jonker, Deborah/0000-0002-7624-738X Joerns-Presentati, Astrid/0000-0002-5846-4321 Seedat, Soraya/0000-0002-5118-786X van den Heuvel, Leigh/0000-0003-3884-4754 Grobler, Gerhard/0000-0002-4815-1583}, Number-of-Cited-References = {57}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {2}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {9}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000865029600001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000811474900001, Author = {Buys, Estelle and Nadasan, Thayananthee and Pefile, Ntsikelelo and Ogunlana, Michael O. and Naidoo, Deshini}, Title = {Clinics and socio-demographic determinants of community reintegration in people with spinal cord injury in eThekwini Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal province}, Journal = {SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {78}, Number = {1}, Month = {MAY 27}, Abstract = {Background: Community reintegration is a major outcome of rehabilitation after the acute phase in people with spinal cord injury (PWSCI). Objective: To investigated clinical and socio-demographic factors determining community participation in PWSCI, living in the greater eThekwini Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal province. Method: Our quantitative, cross-sectional study had a convenient sample of 41 PWSCI. A trained interviewer obtained socio-demographic information using a structured questionnaire. Participants completed the Reintegration to Normal Living Index (RNLI). Descriptive statistics were used in summarising the data; inferential statistics, -a t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) assessed the association of clinical and socio-demographic factors with the extent of community reintegration. A multiple linear regression investigated the determinants of community reintegration with the alpha level set at p = 0.05. Results: Mean age of the participants was 41 years (s.d.: 10, range 25-66), with the majority (n = 32, 78\%) being male. The mean RNLI score was 68\% (s.d.: 22, range 24-100). Participants scored higher on the RNLI if they were male (mean difference {[}MD] 18\%, 95\% confidence interval {[}CI]: 2-34), were employed (MD 16\%, 95\% CI: 0-32), had a salary (MD 19\%, 95\% CI: 5-32) and had no muscle spasms (MD 14\%, 95\% CI: 1-27. Muscle spasms (p = 0.012, 95\% CI: 3.85-29.05) and being female PWSCI (p = 0.010, 95\% CI: -35.75 to -5.18) were significant negative predictors of community reintegration. Conclusion: Community reintegration may be influenced by socio-economic factors. Special interventions for muscle spasms and support for women living with spinal cord injuries may enhance community reintegration. Clinical implication: Therapists need to focus on community reintegration with female PWSCI and on returning to PWSCI to work as this was improved community reintegration.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Naidoo, D (Corresponding Author), Univ KwaZulu Natal, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Occupat Therapy, Durban, South Africa. Nadasan, Thayananthee; Pefile, Ntsikelelo, Univ KwaZulu Natal, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Physiotherapy, Durban, South Africa. Ogunlana, Michael O.; Naidoo, Deshini, Univ KwaZulu Natal, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Occupat Therapy, Durban, South Africa. Ogunlana, Michael O., Fed Med Ctr, Dept Physiotherapy, Abeokuta, Nigeria.}, DOI = {10.4102/sajp.v78i1.1631}, Article-Number = {a1631}, ISSN = {0379-6175}, EISSN = {2410-8219}, Keywords = {community reintegration; spinal cord injury; functioning; participation; Reintegration to Normal Living Index (RNLI)}, Keywords-Plus = {NORMAL LIVING INDEX; SOUTH-AFRICA; SOCIAL-PARTICIPATION; CAPE-TOWN; EMPLOYMENT; INDIVIDUALS; ASSOCIATION; VALIDATION; DISABILITY; BARRIERS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Rehabilitation}, Author-Email = {naidoodes@ukzn.ac.za}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Govender, Pragashnie/G-5213-2013 NAIDOO, DESHINI/IAM-6465-2023 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Govender, Pragashnie/0000-0003-3155-3743 Pefile, Ntsikelelo/0000-0001-8856-8482 Ogunlana, Michael/0000-0001-6877-6938 Naidoo, Deshini/0000-0001-6276-221X}, Number-of-Cited-References = {39}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {1}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000811474900001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000809657600008, Author = {Leung, I, Tiffany and Wang, Karen H. and Lin, Tammy L. and Gin, Geneen T. and Pendharkar, S. and Chen, Chwen-Yuen Angie}, Title = {Women Physicians in Transition Learning to Navigate the Pipeline from Early to Mid-Career: Protocol for a Qualitative Study}, Journal = {JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {11}, Number = {6}, Month = {JUN}, Abstract = {Background: Women physicians face unique obstacles while progressing through their careers, navigating career advancement and seeking balance between professional and personal responsibilities. Systemic changes, along with individual and institutional changes, are needed to overcome obstacles perpetuating physician gender inequities. Developing a deeper understanding of women physicians' experiences during important transition points could reveal both barriers and opportunities for recruitment, retention, and promotion, and inform best practices developed based on these experiences. Objective: The aim is to learn from the experiences and perspectives of women physicians as they transition from early to mid-career, then develop best practices that can serve to support women physicians as they advance through their careers. Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with women physicians in the United States in 2020 and 2021. Eligibility criteria included self-identification as a woman who is in the process of transitioning or who recently transitioned from early to mid-career stage. Purposeful sampling facilitated identification of participants who represented diversity in career pathway, practice setting, specialty, and race/ethnicity. Each participant was offered compensation for their participation. Interviews were audio-recorded and professionally transcribed. Interview questions were open-ended, exploring participants' perceptions of this transition. Qualitative thematic analysis will be performed. We will use an open coding and grounded theory approach on interview transcripts. Results: The Ethics Review Committee of the Faculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences at Maastricht University approved the study; Stanford University expedited review approved the study; and the University of California, San Diego certified the study as exempt from review. Twelve in-depth interviews of 50-100 minutes in duration were completed. Preliminary analyses indicate one key theme is a tension resulting from finite time divided between demands from a physician career and demands from family needs. In turn, this results in constant boundary control between these life domains that are inextricable and seemingly competing against each other within a finite space; family needs impinge on planned career goals, if the boundary between them is not carefully managed. To remedy this, women sought resources to help them redistribute home responsibilities, freeing themselves to have more time, especially for children. Women similarly sought resources to help with career advancement, although not with regard to time directly, but to first address foundational knowledge gaps about career milestones and how to achieve them. Conclusions: Preliminary results provide initial insights about how women identify or activate a career shift and how they marshaled resources and support to navigate barriers they faced. Further analyses are continuing as of March 2022 and are expected to be completed by June 2022. The dissemination plan includes peer-reviewed open-access journal publication of the results and presentation at the annual meeting of the American Medical Association's Women Physicians Section.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Leung, TI (Corresponding Author), Maastricht Univ, Care \& Publ Hlth Res Inst, Postbus 5800, NL-6202 AZ Maastricht, Netherlands. Leung, Tiffany, I, Maastricht Univ, Care \& Publ Hlth Res Inst, Postbus 5800, NL-6202 AZ Maastricht, Netherlands. Leung, Tiffany, I, Southern Illinois Univ, Dept Internal Med Adjunct, Sch Med, Springfield, IL USA. Wang, Karen H., Yale Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, New Haven, CT USA. Wang, Karen H., Yale Sch Med, Med Informat Ctr, New Haven, CT USA. Lin, Tammy L., Univ Calif San Diego Hlth Sci, Dept Med voluntary, San Diego, CA USA. Gin, Geneen T., Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family Med \& Publ Hlth, Sch Med, La Jolla, CA USA. Pendharkar, S., Jersey City Med Ctr, Div Hosp Med, Jersey City, NJ USA. Chen, Chwen-Yuen Angie, Stanford Univ, Dept Primary Care \& Populat Hlth, Palo Alto, CA USA.}, DOI = {10.2196/38126}, Article-Number = {e38126}, ISSN = {1929-0748}, Keywords = {gender equity; women physician; female physicians; career development; professional development; career pipeline; leaky pipeline; mid-career physicians; early-career physicians; physician; healthcare profession; peer support; physician perspective; physician experience; professional learning; healthcare; health care; healthcare education; career support; gender equality; gender bias; healthcare learning}, Keywords-Plus = {ACADEMIC MEDICINE; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; WORK; FACULTY; RATES; CHALLENGES; RESIDENCY; ATTRITION; INSIGHTS; LEAVE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services; Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {t.leung@maastrichtuniversity.nl}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Leung, Tiffany I./K-8472-2019 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Leung, Tiffany I./0000-0002-6007-4023 Gin, Geneen/0000-0001-8438-5830 Chen, Chwen-Yuen Angie/0000-0002-7207-598X}, Number-of-Cited-References = {59}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {2}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {5}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000809657600008}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:A1997YD39500006, Author = {Lasater, TM and Becker, DM and Hill, MN and Gans, KM}, Title = {Synthesis of findings and issues from religious-based cardiovascular disease prevention trials}, Journal = {ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY}, Year = {1997}, Volume = {7}, Number = {7, S}, Pages = {S46-S53}, Month = {OCT}, Note = {Conference on Community Trials for Cardiopulmonary Health - Directions for Public Health Practice, Policy and Research, BETHESDA, MD, SEP 25-26, 1996}, Abstract = {PURPOSE: Widespread prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) requires significant aggregate lifestyle behavior changes. Extensive resources including money, time, access, facilities, materials, and programs are needed to bring about such behavior changes on a large scale. Over the past several decades, funds for large scale public health efforts and related CVD research have become more difficult to acquire, and prevention efforts have been shifting to state and community sites. Thus, large scale behavior modification for CVD prevention requires active efforts to access resources from partnerships with multiple private sector organizations. METHODS: Religious organizations (ROs) are a potentially valuable channel with many advantages for undertaking behavior change programming in partnership with public health researchers. ROs have a broad, direct `'reach'' with people and provide social support structures, facilities, volunteers, communication channels and access to many sub-populations as well as a compatible mission and history of interest in health. In spite of the many advantages of partnerships between CVD health researchers and ROs, very few formal research studies have been conducted. Existing reports have emphasized the feasibility and powerful benefits of implementing RO-based health programs; however, little data or formal hypothesis testing have been reported. Very few formal CVD research projects have employed scientifically acceptable research designs with random assignment of intact groups to intervention and comparison conditions. RESULTS: In this review, conducted by the current authors, only six projects have been identified that meet these more rigorous scientific criteria. In a discussion of these projects, we classify RO-based studies into four levels of involvement of the RO: 1) use of ROs as sites for recruitment and tracking of experimental subjects; 2) use of RO facilities to conduct interventions; 3) involvement of RO members in delivering behavior change programs; and 4) the addition of significant religious components as an integral part of the intervention. This paper discusses the design, results and implications of these studies including information on what we already know about conducting research with ROs, gaps in existing research and recommendations for future studies. CONCLUSIONS: There is enormous untapped potential for RO-based CVD prevention research, but considerably more work is required to achieve the level of research that is currently conducted in other channels such as worksites and schools. Health practitioners/researchers and ROs are increasingly seizing the opportunity for partnerships to improve health. The knowledge gained from these projects and their documented successes will hopefully encourage other components of the public health system such as hospitals, managed care organizations and departments of health to continue developing ways of including ROs in health research and behavior change programming. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc.}, Type = {Article; Proceedings Paper}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Lasater, TM (Corresponding Author), BROWN UNIV,MEM HOSP RHODE ISL,CTR PRIMARY CARE \& PREVENT,111 BREWSTER ST,PAWTUCKET,RI 02860, USA. BROWN UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT COMMUNITY HLTH,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,CTR HLTH PROMOT,BALTIMORE,MD. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH MED,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,BALTIMORE,MD. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH NURSING,BALTIMORE,MD.}, DOI = {10.1016/S1047-2797(97)80007-5}, ISSN = {1047-2797}, Keywords = {religious organization; church; cardiovascular disease prevention; research design}, Keywords-Plus = {HEALTH-EDUCATION; CHURCH; COMMUNITY; PROGRAM; HEART; HYPERTENSION; INTERVENTION; VOLUNTEERS; PROMOTION; IMPACT}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Number-of-Cited-References = {62}, Times-Cited = {72}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {4}, Unique-ID = {WOS:A1997YD39500006}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000379898500001, Author = {Harris, Matthew and Weisberger, Emily and Silver, Diana and Dadwal, Viva and Macinko, James}, Title = {That's not how the learning works - the paradox of Reverse Innovation: a qualitative study}, Journal = {GLOBALIZATION AND HEALTH}, Year = {2016}, Volume = {12}, Month = {JUL 5}, Abstract = {Background: There are significant differences in the meaning and use of the term `Reverse Innovation' between industry circles, where the term originated, and health policy circles where the term has gained traction. It is often conflated with other popularized terms such as Frugal Innovation, Co-development and Trickle-up Innovation. Compared to its use in the industrial sector, this conceptualization of Reverse Innovation describes a more complex, fragmented process, and one with no particular institution in charge. It follows that the way in which the term `Reverse Innovation', specifically, is understood and used in the healthcare space is worthy of examination. Methods: Between September and Decemsber 2014, we conducted eleven in-depth face-to-face or telephone interview with key informants from innovation, health and social policy circles, experts in international comparative policy research and leaders in the Reverse Innovation space in the United States. Interviews were open-ended with guiding probes into the barriers and enablers to Reverse Innovation in the US context, specifically also informants' experience and understanding of the term Reverse Innovation. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed thematically using the process of constant comparison. Results: We describe three main themes derived from the interviews. First, `Reverse Innovation,' the term, has marketing currency to convince policy-makers that may be wary of learning from or adopting innovations from unexpected sources, in this case Low-Income Countries. Second, the term can have the opposite effect - by connoting frugality, or innovation arising from necessity as opposed to good leadership, the proposed innovation may be associated with poor quality, undermining potential translation into other contexts. Finally, the term `Reverse Innovation' is a paradox - it breaks down preconceptions of the directionality of knowledge and learning, whilst simultaneously reinforcing it. Conclusions: We conclude that this term means different things to different people and should be used strategically, and with some caution, depending on the audience.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Harris, M (Corresponding Author), St Marys Hosp, Inst Global Hlth Innovat, Praed St, London W2 1NY, England. Harris, M (Corresponding Author), Imperial Coll London, Sch Publ Hlth, Reynolds Bldg,St Dunstans Rd, London W6 8RP, England. Harris, Matthew, St Marys Hosp, Inst Global Hlth Innovat, Praed St, London W2 1NY, England. Harris, Matthew, Imperial Coll London, Sch Publ Hlth, Reynolds Bldg,St Dunstans Rd, London W6 8RP, England. Weisberger, Emily, Commonwealth Fund, 1 East 75th St, New York, NY 10021 USA. Silver, Diana, NYU, Dept Nutr Food Studies \& Publ Hlth, 411 Lafayette St, New York, NY 10003 USA. Dadwal, Viva, Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Macinko, James, UCLA Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Hlth Sci, 650 Charles E Young Dr South,Room 31-235B, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12992-016-0175-7}, Article-Number = {36}, EISSN = {1744-8603}, Keywords = {Diffusion of innovation; Evidence based medicine; Developing countries}, Keywords-Plus = {HEALTH; LESSONS; KNOWLEDGE; COMMUNITIES; INDIA; CARE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {m.harris@imperial.ac.uk}, ORCID-Numbers = {Harris, Matthew/0000-0002-0005-9710 Macinko, James/0000-0001-8055-5441}, Number-of-Cited-References = {48}, Times-Cited = {31}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {35}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000379898500001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000319429100001, Author = {Cavalieri, Marina}, Title = {Geographical variation of unmet medical needs in Italy: a multivariate logistic regression analysis}, Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH GEOGRAPHICS}, Year = {2013}, Volume = {12}, Month = {MAY 12}, Abstract = {Background: Unmet health needs should be, in theory, a minor issue in Italy where a publicly funded and universally accessible health system exists. This, however, does not seem to be the case. Moreover, in the last two decades responsibilities for health care have been progressively decentralized to regional governments, which have differently organized health service delivery within their territories. Regional decision-making has affected the use of health care services, further increasing the existing geographical disparities in the access to care across the country. This study aims at comparing self-perceived unmet needs across Italian regions and assessing how the reported reasons - grouped into the categories of availability, accessibility and acceptability - vary geographically. Methods: Data from the 2006 Italian component of the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions are employed to explore reasons and predictors of self-reported unmet medical needs among 45,175 Italian respondents aged 18 and over. Multivariate logistic regression models are used to determine adjusted rates for overall unmet medical needs and for each of the three categories of reasons. Results: Results show that, overall, 6.9\% of the Italian population stated having experienced at least one unmet medical need during the last 12 months. The unadjusted rates vary markedly across regions, thus resulting in a clear-cut north-south divide (4.6\% in the North-East vs. 10.6\% in the South). Among those reporting unmet medical needs, the leading reason was problems of accessibility related to cost or transportation (45.5\%), followed by acceptability (26.4\%) and availability due to the presence of too long waiting lists (21.4\%). In the South, more than one out of two individuals with an unmet need refrained from seeing a physician due to economic reasons. In the northern regions, working and family responsibilities contribute relatively more to the underutilization of medical services. Logistic regression results suggest that some population groups are more vulnerable than others to experiencing unmet health needs and to reporting some categories of reasons. Adjusting for the predictors resulted in very few changes in the rank order of macro-area rates. Conclusions: Policies to address unmet health care needs should adopt a multidimensional approach and be tailored so as to consider such geographical heterogeneities.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Cavalieri, M (Corresponding Author), Univ Catania, Dept Econ \& Business, Corso Italia 55, I-95129 Catania, Italy. Univ Catania, Dept Econ \& Business, I-95129 Catania, Italy.}, DOI = {10.1186/1476-072X-12-27}, Article-Number = {27}, ISSN = {1476-072X}, Keywords = {Italy; Unmet health care needs; Access to health care; Barriers to health care; Decentralization}, Keywords-Plus = {HEALTH-CARE-SYSTEM; SERVICES; ACCESS; USERS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {mcavali@unict.it}, ORCID-Numbers = {Cavalieri, Marina/0000-0002-2294-5588}, Number-of-Cited-References = {29}, Times-Cited = {53}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {10}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000319429100001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @inproceedings{ WOS:000380253706030, Author = {Kitto, Kathleen L. and Guenter-Schlesinger, Sue}, Book-Group-Author = {ASEE}, Title = {WOMEN OF WESTERN: THE VOICES OF WOMEN-ADVANCE CATALYST AT A COMPREHENSIVE INSTITUTION}, Booktitle = {2012 ASEE ANNUAL CONFERENCE}, Series = {ASEE Annual Conference \& Exposition}, Year = {2012}, Note = {ASEE Annual Conference, San Antonio, TX, JUN 10-13, 2012}, Abstract = {Overall, the ADVANCE Catalyst program at Western Washington University provides the resources and time necessary for us to probe deeply into our internal practices, measure outcomes for faculty, and, most importantly, find and focus on the barriers that impede the advancement of women faculty within the College of Sciences and Technology (CST). One component of the project was the development of a climate survey, which was based upon previous surveys at ADVANCE (research-intensive) universities, but was specifically adapted to address faculty issues unique to comprehensive universities. The development of our survey involved our Faculty Leadership Team (FLT), our department chairs/directors, and several other faculty members. This paper focuses on the findings from the comprehensive institution climate survey that we developed, which consisted of approximately 100 questions in seven areas of climate indicators: employment demographics, job satisfaction, mentoring, leadership, department climate, professional development, and equal opportunity. Specifically, we were probing whether department dynamics stay ``status quo{''} longer, if perceptions of peers play a heavier role in evaluation, if there are more feelings of isolation, and if opportunities for collaborative work are greatly decreased in our relatively small sized departments (as compared to research-intensive institutions). All faculty members within CST were surveyed. The overall response rate was 58\%. Tenured women had the highest response rate, at 87\%, and 73\% of nontenure track (NTT) women responded. After analyzing the data from the survey and meeting with our ADVANCE FLT, we identified several key areas of climate indicators that were explored further in focus groups: balance of work-life and work-load, leadership and career development, and equal opportunity. Through our survey, town hall meeting, and focus groups, we found that the evolution of our comprehensive institution from a primarily teaching university to an institution where a research program is expected has placed considerable pressure on our faculty, especially those at midcareer. Our heavy teaching responsibilities (inflexible lab schedules, research with undergraduates, course innovation, mentoring/advising), and service commitments constrain time to such an extent that many faculty feel that their research programs suffer or become second jobs. CST women serve on more committees, perform much of the more time consuming service, and have had fewer leadership roles and opportunities. Lack of formal mentoring exacerbates these issues for our women. While Western has many policies and programs to address such obstacles, faculty are often not aware of them or misunderstand them, making them, in fact, inaccessible. Until recently, department chairs did not have enough leadership training, development, and support. Continuing budget cuts and soaring STEM student demand at our institution further intensify these key issues. Based upon the survey, focus groups, and conversations with our FLT, we believe that a Faculty Advancement Center (FACT) focused on career span initiatives and based upon ADVANCE best practices would be the next logical step necessary to support women at our institution.}, Type = {Proceedings Paper}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Kitto, KL (Corresponding Author), Western Washington Univ, Grad Sch, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. Kitto, Kathleen L., Western Washington Univ, Grad Sch, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. Guenter-Schlesinger, Sue, Western Washington Univ, Equal Opportun \& Employment Divers, Bellingham, WA USA.}, ISSN = {2153-5965}, Keywords-Plus = {GENDER; DISCIPLINES; FACULTY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Education \& Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary}, Number-of-Cited-References = {25}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {1}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000380253706030}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000553464500003, Author = {Matetic, Andrija and Bharadwaj, Aditya and Mohamed, Mohamed O. and Chugh, Yashasvi and Chugh, Sanjay and Minissian, Margot and Amin, Amit and Van Spall, Harriette and Fischman, David L. and Savage, Michael and Volgman, Annabelle Santos and Mamas, Mamas A.}, Title = {Socioeconomic Status and Differences in the Management and Outcomes of 6.6 Million US Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction}, Journal = {AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY}, Year = {2020}, Volume = {129}, Pages = {10-18}, Month = {AUG 15}, Abstract = {Little is known about the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on management strategies and in-hospital clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and its subtypes, and whether these trends have changed over time. All AMI hospitalizations from the National Inpatient Sample (2004 to 2014) were analyzed and stratified by zip code-based median household income (MHI) into 4 quartiles (poorest to wealthiest): 0th to 25th, 26th to 50th, 51st to 75 th , and 76th to 100th. Logistic regression was performed to examine the association between MHI and AMI management strategy and in-hospital clinical outcomes. A total of 6,603,709 AMI hospitalizations were analyzed. Patients in the lowest MHI group had more co-morbidities, a worse cardiovascular risk factor profile and were more likely to be female. Differences in receipt of invasive management were observed between the lowest and highest MID quartiles, with the lowest MHI group less likely to undergo coronary angiography (63.4\% vs 64.3\%, p <0.001) and percutaneous coronary intervention (40.4\% vs 44.3\%, p <0.001) compared with the highest MHI group, especially in the STEMI subgroup. In multivariable analysis, the highest MHI group experienced better outcomes including lower risk (adjusted odds ratio; 95\% confidence intervals) of mortality (0.88; 0.88 to 0.89), MACCE (0.91; 0.91 to 0.92) and acute ischemic stroke (0.90; 0.88 to 0.91), but higher all-cause bleeding (1.08; 1.06 to 1.09) in comparison to the lowest MHI group. In conclusion, the provision of invasive management for AMI in patients with lower SES is less than patients with higher SES and is associated with worse in-hospital clinical outcomes. This work highlights the importance of ensuring equity of access and care across all strata SES. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Mamas, MA (Corresponding Author), Keele Univ, Ctr Prognosis Res, Keele Cardiovasc Res Grp, Keele, Staffs, England. Mamas, MA (Corresponding Author), Royal Stoke Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Stoke On Trent, Staffs, England. Mamas, MA (Corresponding Author), Thomas Jefferson Univ Hosp, Dept Med Cardiol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Matetic, Andrija, Univ Hosp Split, Dept Cardiol, Split, Croatia. Bharadwaj, Aditya, Loma Linda Univ, Med Ctr, Loma Linda, CA 92350 USA. Mohamed, Mohamed O.; Mamas, Mamas A., Keele Univ, Ctr Prognosis Res, Keele Cardiovasc Res Grp, Keele, Staffs, England. Mohamed, Mohamed O.; Mamas, Mamas A., Royal Stoke Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Stoke On Trent, Staffs, England. Chugh, Yashasvi, Mt Sinai St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp, New York, NY USA. Chugh, Sanjay, Jaipur Natl Univ Hosp \& Med Coll, IMSRC, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Minissian, Margot, Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Barbara Streisand Womens Heart Ctr, Smidt Heart Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Amin, Amit, Washington Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. Van Spall, Harriette, McMaster Univ, Dept Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Van Spall, Harriette, Populat Hlth Res Inst, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Fischman, David L.; Savage, Michael; Mamas, Mamas A., Thomas Jefferson Univ Hosp, Dept Med Cardiol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Volgman, Annabelle Santos, Rush Med Coll, Dept Med, Sect Cardiol, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.}, DOI = {10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.05.025}, ISSN = {0002-9149}, EISSN = {1879-1913}, Keywords-Plus = {RISK-FACTORS; HEALTH; MORTALITY; DISPARITIES; INDICATORS; AREA}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Cardiac \& Cardiovascular Systems}, Author-Email = {mamasmamas1@yahoo.co.uk}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Volgman, Annabelle/AAF-3387-2021 Matetic, Andrija/AAK-2351-2020 Mohamed, Mohamed/S-9668-2017 Mohamed, Mohamed Osama/O-8339-2019 Mamas, Mamas Andreas/A-2549-2019 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Volgman, Annabelle/0000-0002-9918-0878 Mohamed, Mohamed/0000-0002-9678-5222 Mohamed, Mohamed Osama/0000-0002-9678-5222 Mamas, Mamas Andreas/0000-0001-9241-8890 Van Spall, Harriette Gillian Christine/0000-0002-8370-4569 Chugh, Yashasvi/0000-0001-9724-9088 fischman, david/0000-0001-9711-7616}, Number-of-Cited-References = {23}, Times-Cited = {22}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {3}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000553464500003}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000660866300002, Author = {Crookston, Benjamin T. and West, Josh H. and Davis, Siena F. and Hall, P. Cougar and Seymour, Greg and Gray, Bobbi L.}, Title = {Understanding female and male empowerment in Burkina Faso using the project-level Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro-WEAI): a longitudinal study}, Journal = {BMC WOMENS HEALTH}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {21}, Number = {1}, Month = {JUN 3}, Abstract = {BackgroundAchieving gender equality and women's empowerment is a major global priority. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Building the Resilience of Vulnerable Communities in Burkina Faso (BRB) project, an agricultural development program, improved women's empowerment, as measured by the project-level Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro-WEAI).MethodsThis study used a longitudinal, quasi-experimental study design. Participants included both treatment and comparison groups (total N=751) comprising female members of savings groups and their husbands or main male household member in Burkina Faso. All participants completed the pro-WEAI questionnaire at both baseline and endline. The treatment group received a comprehensive intervention package consisting of agriculture loans and services, microenterprise loans, and education, nutrition education, and women's empowerment programs including gender-based discussions designed to facilitate personalized changes in gender relations.ResultsThe proportion of the treatment group achieving empowerment did not change from baseline for women, but improved substantially for men. Women from the comparison group saw an increase in empowerment at endline while men saw a substantial decrease. Gender parity was high for women in both groups at baseline and increased slightly at endline. Women were more likely to have adequate empowerment in input in productive decisions, group membership, and membership in influential groups than men while men were more likely to have adequate empowerment in attitudes about domestic violence, control over use of income, and work balance than women. Participants from the treatment group reported an increase in the average number of empowerment indicators that they were adequate in while the comparison group saw a decrease in average adequacy over time (p=0.002) after controlling for age, sex, and level of education.ConclusionDespite starting at an empowerment disadvantage, the treatment group experienced gains in individual indicators of empowerment while the comparison group men and women experienced mixed results, with the women gaining, and the men losing empowerment. This research suggests that the BRB intervention may have provided some protection for the treatment group when they faced an economic down-turn prior to the endline, indicative of household resilience. Future research should consider and strengthen relationships between resilience and empowerment.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Crookston, BT (Corresponding Author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, 2137 LSB, Provo, UT 84606 USA. Crookston, Benjamin T.; West, Josh H.; Davis, Siena F.; Hall, P. Cougar, Brigham Young Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, 2137 LSB, Provo, UT 84606 USA. Seymour, Greg, Int Food Policy Res Inst, 1201 I St NW, Washington, DC 20005 USA. Gray, Bobbi L., Grameen Fdn, 1400 K St NW,Suite 550, Washington, DC 20005 USA.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12905-021-01371-9}, Article-Number = {230}, EISSN = {1472-6874}, Keywords = {Burkina Faso; Women's health; Agricultural development; Women's empowerment}, Keywords-Plus = {INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE; EAST-AFRICA; MEN; BANGLADESH; RESOURCES; IMPACT; MARRIAGE; LESSONS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health; Obstetrics \& Gynecology}, Author-Email = {benjamin\_crookston@byu.edu}, ORCID-Numbers = {Seymour, Greg/0000-0002-2213-0450 Crookston, Benjamin/0000-0003-3110-9562}, Number-of-Cited-References = {63}, Times-Cited = {9}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {3}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000660866300002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000626772700001, Author = {Buttery, Sara C. and Zysman, Maeva and Vikjord, Sigrid A. A. and Hopkinson, Nicholas S. and Jenkins, Christine and Vanfleteren, Lowie E. G. W.}, Title = {Contemporary perspectives in COPD: Patient burden, the role of gender and trajectories of multimorbidity}, Journal = {RESPIROLOGY}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {26}, Number = {5}, Pages = {419-441}, Month = {MAY}, Abstract = {An individual's experience of COPD is determined by many factors in addition to the pathological features of chronic bronchitis and emphysema and the symptoms that derive directly from them. Multimorbidity is the norm rather than the exception, so most people with COPD are living with a range of other medical problems which can decrease overall quality of life. COPD is caused by the inhalation of noxious particles or gases, in particular tobacco smoke, but also by early life disadvantage impairing lung development and by occupations where inhaled exposures are common (e.g. industrial, farming and cleaning work). Wealthy people are therefore relatively protected from developing COPD and people who do develop the condition may have reduced resources to cope. COPD is also no longer a condition that predominantly affects men. The prevalence of COPD among women has equalled that of men since 2008 in many high-income countries, due to increased exposure to tobacco, and in low-income countries due to biomass fuels. COPD is one of the leading causes of death in women in the USA, and death rates attributed to COPD in women in some countries are predicted to overtake those of men in the next decade. Many factors contribute to this phenomenon, but in addition to socioeconomic and occupational factors, there is increasing evidence of a higher susceptibility of females to smoking and pollutants. Quality of life is also more significantly impaired in women. Although most medications (bronchodilators and inhaled corticosteroids) used to treat COPD demonstrate similar trends for exacerbation prevention and lung function improvement in men and women, this is an understudied area and clinical trials frequently have a preponderance of males. A better understanding of gender-based predictors of efficacy of all therapeutic interventions is crucial for comprehensive patient care. There is an urgent need to recognize the increasing burden of COPD in women and to facilitate global improvements in disease prevention and management in this specific population. Many individuals with COPD follow a trajectory of both lung function decline and also multimorbidity. Unfavourable lung function trajectories throughout life have implications for later development of other chronic diseases. An enhanced understanding of the temporal associations underlying the development of coexisting diseases is a crucial first step in unravelling potential common disease pathways. Lessons can be learned from exploring disease trajectories of other NCD as well as multimorbidity development. Further research will be essential to explain how early life risk factors commonly influence trajectories of COPD and other diseases, how different diseases develop in relation to each other in a temporal way and how this ultimately leads to different multimorbidity patterns in COPD. This review integrates new knowledge and ideas pertaining to three broad themes (i) the overall burden of disease in COPD, (ii) an unappreciated high burden in women and (iii) the contrast of COPD trajectories and different multimorbidity patterns with trajectories of other NCD. The underlying pathology of COPD is largely irreversible, but many factors noted in the review are potentially amenable to intervention. Health and social care systems need to ensure that effective treatment is accessible to all people with the condition. Preventive strategies and treatments that alter the course of disease are crucial, particularly for patients with COPD as one of many problems.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Zysman, M (Corresponding Author), CHU Bordeaux, Serv Malad Resp, Ave Magellan, F-33604 Pessac, France. Hopkinson, NS (Corresponding Author), Imperial Coll, Natl Heart \& Lung Inst, Royal Brompton Hosp Campus,Fulham Rd, London SW3 6HP, England. Vanfleteren, LEGW (Corresponding Author), Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Univ Hosp, COPD Ctr, Dept Resp Med \& Allergol,Inst Med, Vita Straket 12, SE-41345 Gothenburg, Sweden. Buttery, Sara C.; Hopkinson, Nicholas S., Imperial Coll London, Natl Heart \& Lung Inst, London, England. Zysman, Maeva, Univ Bordeaux, Ctr Rech Cardiothorac Bordeaux, Pessac, France. Zysman, Maeva, CHU Bordeaux, Serv Malad Resp, Ave Magellan, F-33604 Pessac, France. Vikjord, Sigrid A. A., Nord Trondelag Hosp Trust, Levanger Hosp, Dept Med \& Rehabil, Levanger, Norway. Vikjord, Sigrid A. A., Norwegian Univ Sci \& Technol NTNU, Fac Med \& Hlth Sci, HUNT Res Ctr, Dept Publ Hlth \& Nursing, Levanger, Norway. Jenkins, Christine, George Inst Global Hlth, Resp Grp, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Vanfleteren, Lowie E. G. W., Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, COPD Ctr, Dept Resp Med \& Allergol, Gothenburg, Sweden. Vanfleteren, Lowie E. G. W., Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Inst Med, Dept Internal Med \& Clin Nutr, Gothenburg, Sweden.}, DOI = {10.1111/resp.14032}, EarlyAccessDate = {MAR 2021}, ISSN = {1323-7799}, EISSN = {1440-1843}, Keywords = {frailty; inequality; patient perspective; patient\&\#8208; reported outcome measure; symptoms}, Keywords-Plus = {OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; BLOOD-PRESSURE TRAJECTORIES; ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; BODY-MASS INDEX; LUNG-FUNCTION; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; CHRONIC-BRONCHITIS; PRIMARY-CARE; DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Respiratory System}, Author-Email = {maeva.zysman@chu-bordeaux.fr n.hopkinson@ic.ac.uk lowie.vanfleteren@gu.se}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {ZYSMAN, Maéva/ACP-5812-2022 OMOSIGHO, BLESSING/ISS-7818-2023 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Jenkins, Christine/0000-0003-2717-5647 ZYSMAN, Maeva/0000-0003-1459-2409 Buttery, Sara/0000-0001-9410-414X Vanfleteren, Lowie/0000-0002-4387-4096}, Number-of-Cited-References = {255}, Times-Cited = {14}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {4}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {17}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000626772700001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000270138000003, Author = {Mainga, Wise and Hirschsohn, Philip and Shakantu, Winston}, Title = {An exploratory review of the relationship between enterprise training and technology upgrading: evidence from South African manufacturing firms}, Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT}, Year = {2009}, Volume = {20}, Number = {9}, Pages = {1879-1895}, Abstract = {The study examines the extent to which disaggregated training variables are related to technological upgrading, in the context of a middle-income developing country trying to manage its integration into the global economy. For a developing country, successful integration into the global economy requires that local manufacturing firms are able to competitively restructure, as a precondition for survival and long-term growth. Consequently, skills and technological upgrading are crucial in raising the international competitive advantage of local firms. Enterprise-provided training is one means that can be used by local firms to continuously upgrade their knowledge bases, increase their international competitiveness, and enhance employment growth over time. This paper uses South Africa as a case study, to demonstrate how economic reform measures can expose skills deficiencies in the manufacturing sector and lead to an increase in capital intensity of the sector. Exposure of skills deficiencies, in turn, raises the importance of skill-upgrading through schooling and training of existing workforce. Despite a couple of studies on the evolution of the labour market in South Africa, no previous research has explicitly examined the relationship between technological upgrading and disaggregated training/learning variables at the firm level. This paper aims to fill that gap by focusing on disaggregated enterprise-based training efforts. The study uses the Human Capital theoretical framework to answer the main research question: Which disaggregated learning variables (i.e., on-the-job or off-the-job training offered to different occupational groups) are significantly associated with technological upgrading? The study raises possible issues of heterogeneity in returns to training offered to different occupational groups in the context of technological-upgrading. On the other hand, technological upgrading may not necessarily always disadvantage all unskilled workers. Possible policy implications of research findings are outlined.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Mainga, W (Corresponding Author), 97 Highland Rd, Coventry, W Midlands, England. Hirschsohn, Philip, Univ Western Cape, Dept Management, Fac Econ \& Management Sci, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa. Shakantu, Winston, Univ Cape Town, Dept Construct Econ \& Management, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa.}, DOI = {10.1080/09585190903142340}, Article-Number = {PII 915179442}, ISSN = {0958-5192}, EISSN = {1466-4399}, Keywords = {enterprise training; globalisation; learning; manufacturing; technology upgrading}, Keywords-Plus = {SKILLS; GLOBALIZATION; DETERMINANTS; PERFORMANCE; INVESTMENT; EMPLOYMENT; RETURNS; GROWTH; IMPACT; CHINA}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Management}, Author-Email = {wmainga@yahoo.com}, Number-of-Cited-References = {65}, Times-Cited = {7}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {2}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {25}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000270138000003}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000228128000014, Author = {Crone, LK}, Title = {Southeast Alaska economics - A resource-abundant region competing in a global marketplace}, Journal = {LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING}, Year = {2005}, Volume = {72}, Number = {1-3}, Pages = {215-233}, Month = {APR 30}, Abstract = {Questions related to economics figured prominently in the priority information needs identified in the 1997 Tongass Land Management Plan. Follow-on studies in economics were designed to improve understanding of aspects of the competitiveness of the Alaska forest sector, links between Alaska timber markets and other markets as evident in prices, and the relationship between resource allocation decisions and economic conditions in communities and the region. Analysis of the role of recreation and tourism in the regional economy was added to the topics addressed, based on early results of work to describe economic dynamics. Comparisons are undertaken to evaluate the economic changes taking place in southeast Alaska, to analyze the sources of these changes, and to determine if and why they differ from the changes taking place at larger scales and those occurring in a similar rural and resource-abundant region. Divergent views regarding the current role of the Tongass in the regional economy are summarized and assessed by using contemporary evidence. A variety of factors contribute to comparative and competitive disadvantages for the forest products sector in southeast Alaska. Alaska product and log markets are effectively integrated with other markets supplied by producers in British Columbia and the Pacific Northwest. Empirical evidence suggests the need to re-examine assumptions regarding the relation between changes in ``basic{''} sector activities and employment (such as timber harvesting and wood products manufacturing) and ``nonbasic{''} (or support sector) employment in the rural communities of southeast Alaska. Many of the changes occurring in the economy of rural southeast Alaska are driven by changes in the international markets in which Alaskan products compete, and are largely independent of Tongass forest management. Unearned income and tourism have replaced resource-extractive industries as the principal sources of income growth in the region. The contribution of the Tongass National Forest to the regional economy has become more complex and difficult to quantify. Forest management policies that enhance the comparative advantages the region enjoys in providing both tourism opportunities and quality of life attributes will aid communities in maintaining and expanding their economic opportunities. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Crone, LK (Corresponding Author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Recreat Solut, POB 1165, Troy, MT 59935 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.}, DOI = {10.1016/j.landurbplan.2004.09.019}, ISSN = {0169-2046}, EISSN = {1872-6062}, Keywords = {competitiveness of the Alaska forest sector; economic changes in rural southeast Alaska; forest sector models; timber prices; market arbitrage; timber production; timber supply}, Keywords-Plus = {EMPLOYMENT; MULTIPLIERS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Regional \& Urban Planning; Urban Studies}, Author-Email = {lcrone@fs.fed.us}, Number-of-Cited-References = {71}, Times-Cited = {9}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {14}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000228128000014}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000914071400001, Author = {Mengi, Mehak and Malhotra, Deepti}, Title = {A systematic literature review on traditional to artificial intelligence based socio-behavioral disorders diagnosis in India: Challenges and future perspectives}, Journal = {APPLIED SOFT COMPUTING}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {129}, Month = {NOV}, Abstract = {Background : Socio-behavioral disorders(SBD), a subtype of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) characterized by social and behavioral abnormalities, is a significant mental health concern requiring immediate attention. Phenotypic knowledge, biological understanding and the tools developed are all from western countries. Numerous researches have been conducted that have scrutinized the performance accuracy of traditional-based SBD tools developed in western culture. However, very little information is available for low or middle-income countries. Objective: In middle-income countries like India, there is a shortage of resources, trained professionals and a lack of knowledge regarding which tools are effective for a particular target group owing to which most of the cases go undetected and undiagnosed until adolescence. Motivated by the earlier discussion, this study's objective is to consider all the pathways from traditional to Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools developed for diagnosing SBD in the Indian population. This research work expounds on the systematic study and analysis of various conventional and fuzzy-based expert systems introduced between 1925-2021. Methods: PRISMA guidelines were used to select the articles published on the web of science, SCOPUS, and EMBASE to identify relevant Indian studies. A total of 148 papers are considered impactful for SBD prediction using traditional or fuzzy-based techniques. This survey deliberated the work done by the different researchers, highlighting the limitations in the existing literature and the performance comparison of tools based on various parameters such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, target audience, along with their pros and cons. Some investigations have been designed, and the solutions to those were explored. Results : Results of this study indicated that most validated SBD tools present many barriers to use in the Indian population. Thus, to overcome these implications, an Artificial Intelligence(AI) framework, MRIMMTL, based on MRI multimodality transfer learning techniques(TL), is proposed to be implemented for the early detection of SBD subjects. (c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Mengi, M (Corresponding Author), Cent Univ, Dept Comp Sci \& Informat Technol, Jammu 181143, India. Mengi, Mehak; Malhotra, Deepti, Cent Univ, Dept Comp Sci \& Informat Technol, Jammu 181143, India.}, DOI = {10.1016/j.asoc.2022.109633}, EarlyAccessDate = {SEP 2022}, Article-Number = {109633}, ISSN = {1568-4946}, EISSN = {1872-9681}, Keywords = {Socio-behavioral disorders; Neurodevelopmental disorders; Autism spectrum disorder; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; ASD; ADHD; Artificial intelligence; Fuzzy tools; Soft computing; Transfer learning; Domain adaptation; Screening tools; Diagnostic tools; Biomarkers}, Keywords-Plus = {AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER; CHILD-BEHAVIOR-CHECKLIST; HIGH-FUNCTIONING AUTISM; FUZZY COGNITIVE MAPS; ADHD RATING-SCALE; SCREENING TOOL; ASPERGERS-DISORDER; 2-YEAR-OLDS STAT; YOUNG-CHILDREN; PRIMARY-CARE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications}, Author-Email = {0550519.csit@cujammu.ac.in deepti.csit@cujammu.ac.in}, Number-of-Cited-References = {152}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {4}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {5}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000914071400001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000627897500001, Author = {Cervantes, Lilia and Martin, Marlene and Frank, Maria G. and Farfan, Julia F. and Kearns, Mark and Rubio, Luis A. and Tong, Allison and Matus Gonzalez, Andrea and Camacho, Claudia and Collings, Adriana and Mundo, William and Powe, Neil R. and Fernandez, Alicia}, Title = {Experiences of Latinx Individuals Hospitalized for COVID-19 A Qualitative Study}, Journal = {JAMA NETWORK OPEN}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {4}, Number = {3}, Month = {MAR 11}, Abstract = {IMPORTANCE Latinx individuals, particularly immigrants, are at higher risk than non-Latinx White individuals of contracting and dying from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Little is known about Latinx experiences with COVID-19 infection and treatment. OBJECTIVE To describe the experiences of Latinx individuals who were hospitalized with and survived COVID-19. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS The qualitative study used semistructured phone interviews of 60 Latinx adults who survived a COVID-19 hospitalization in public hospitals in San Francisco, California, and Denver, Colorado, from March 2020 to July 2020. Transcripts were analyzed using qualitative thematic analysis. Data analysis was conducted from May 2020 to September 2020. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Themes and subthemes that reflected patient experiences. RESULTS Sixty people (24 women and 36 men; mean {[}SD] age, 48 {[}12] years) participated. All lived in low-income areas, 47 participants (78\%) had more than 4 people in the home, and most (44 participants {[}73\%]) were essential workers. Four participants (9\%) could work from home, 12 (20\%) had paid sick leave, and 21 (35\%) lost their job because of COVID-19. We identified 5 themes (and subthemes) with public health and clinical care implications: COVID-19 was a distant and secondary threat (invincibility, misinformation and disbelief, ingrained social norms); COVID-19 was a compounder of disadvantage (fear of unemployment and eviction, lack of safeguards for undocumented immigrants, inability to protect self from COVID-19, and high-density housing); reluctance to seek medical care (worry about health care costs, concerned about ability to access care if uninsured or undocumented, undocumented immigrants fear deportation); health care system interactions (social isolation and change in hospital procedures, appreciation for clinicians and language access, and discharge with insufficient resources or clinical information); and faith and community resiliency (spirituality, Latinx COVID-19 advocates). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In interviews, Latinx patients with COVID-19 who survived hospitalization described initial disease misinformation and economic and immigration fears as having driven exposure and delays in presentation. To confront COVID-19 as a compounder of social disadvantage, public health authorities should mitigate COVID-19-related misinformation, immigration fears, and challenges to health care access, as well as create policies that provide work protection and address economic disadvantages.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Cervantes, L (Corresponding Author), Denver Hlth, 777 Bannock,MC 4000, Denver, CO 80204 USA. Cervantes, Lilia; Frank, Maria G.; Kearns, Mark; Camacho, Claudia, Denver Hlth, Div Med, Denver, CO USA. Cervantes, Lilia; Collings, Adriana, Denver Hlth, Off Res, Denver, CO USA. Cervantes, Lilia; Frank, Maria G.; Kearns, Mark; Mundo, William, Univ Colorado, Dept Med, Aurora, CO USA. Martin, Marlene; Rubio, Luis A.; Powe, Neil R.; Fernandez, Alicia, Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Zuckerberg San Francisco Gen Hosp, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Farfan, Julia F., Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Chicago, IL USA. Tong, Allison; Matus Gonzalez, Andrea, Univ Sydney, Sydney Sch Publ Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Tong, Allison; Matus Gonzalez, Andrea, Childrens Hosp Westmead, Ctr Kidney Res, Westmead, NSW, Australia.}, DOI = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0684}, Article-Number = {e210684}, ISSN = {2574-3805}, Keywords-Plus = {DEATHS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Medicine, General \& Internal}, Author-Email = {lilia.cervantes@dhha.org}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Gonzalez, Andrea/HDM-9987-2022 gonzalez, Andrea/JBJ-3290-2023 Frank, Maria (Gaby)/AHA-0816-2022 Rubio, Luis/AAJ-9561-2021 Martin, Marlene/HKO-3958-2023 González Ríos, Andrea/HGU-7618-2022 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Kearns, Mark/0000-0003-1273-686X}, Number-of-Cited-References = {51}, Times-Cited = {60}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {11}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000627897500001}, ESI-Highly-Cited-Paper = {Y}, ESI-Hot-Paper = {N}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000367061300002, Author = {Patterson, Fiona and Zibarras, Lara and Ashworth, Vicki}, Title = {Situational judgement tests in medical education and training: Research, theory and practice: AMEE Guide No. 100}, Journal = {MEDICAL TEACHER}, Year = {2016}, Volume = {38}, Number = {1}, Pages = {3-17}, Month = {JAN 2}, Abstract = {Why use SJTs? Traditionally, selection into medical education professions has focused primarily upon academic ability alone. This approach has been questioned more recently, as although academic attainment predicts performance early in training, research shows it has less predictive power for demonstrating competence in postgraduate clinical practice. Such evidence, coupled with an increasing focus on individuals working in healthcare roles displaying the core values of compassionate care, benevolence and respect, illustrates that individuals should be selected on attributes other than academic ability alone. Moreover, there are mounting calls to widen access to medicine, to ensure that selection methods do not unfairly disadvantage individuals from specific groups (e.g. regarding ethnicity or socio-economic status), so that the future workforce adequately represents society as a whole. These drivers necessitate a method of assessment that allows individuals to be selected on important non-academic attributes that are desirable in healthcare professionals, in a fair, reliable and valid way.What are SJTs? Situational judgement tests (SJTs) are tests used to assess individuals' reactions to a number of hypothetical role-relevant scenarios, which reflect situations candidates are likely to encounter in the target role. These scenarios are based on a detailed analysis of the role and should be developed in collaboration with subject matter experts, in order to accurately assess the key attributes that are associated with competent performance. From a theoretical perspective, SJTs are believed to measure prosocial Implicit Trait Policies (ITPs), which are shaped by socialisation processes that teach the utility of expressing certain traits in different settings such as agreeable expressions (e.g. helping others in need), or disagreeable actions (e.g. advancing ones own interest at others, expense).Are SJTs reliable, valid and fair? Several studies, including good quality meta-analytic and longitudinal research, consistently show that SJTs used in many different occupational groups are reliable and valid. Although there is over 40 years of research evidence available on SJTs, it is only within the past 10 years that SJTs have been used for recruitment into medicine. Specifically, evidence consistently shows that SJTs used in medical selection have good reliability, and predict performance across a range of medical professions, including performance in general practice, in early years (foundation training as a junior doctor) and for medical school admissions. In addition, SJTs have been found to have significant added value (incremental validity) over and above other selection methods such as knowledge tests, measures of cognitive ability, personality tests and application forms. Regarding differential attainment, generally SJTs have been found to have lower adverse impact compared to other selection methods, such as cognitive ability tests. SJTs have the benefit of being appropriate both for use in selection where candidates are novices (i.e. have no prior role experience or knowledge such as in medical school admissions) as well as settings where candidates have substantial job knowledge and specific experience (as in postgraduate recruitment for more senior roles). An SJT specification (e.g. scenario content, response instructions and format) may differ depending on the level of job knowledge required. Research consistently shows that SJTs are usually found to be positively received by candidates compared to other selection tests such as cognitive ability and personality tests. Practically, SJTs are difficult to design effectively, and significant expertise is required to build a reliable and valid SJT. Once designed however, SJTs are cost efficient to administer to large numbers of candidates compared to other tests of non-academic attributes (e.g. personal statements, structured interviews), as they are standardised and can be computer-delivered and machine-marked.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Patterson, F (Corresponding Author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Psychol, 27 Brunel Pkwy,Pride Pk, Derby DE24 8HR, England. Patterson, Fiona; Ashworth, Vicki, Work Psychol Grp, Derby DE24 8HR, England. Patterson, Fiona, Univ Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. Zibarras, Lara, City Univ London, London, England.}, DOI = {10.3109/0142159X.2015.1072619}, ISSN = {0142-159X}, EISSN = {1466-187X}, Keywords-Plus = {HIGH-STAKES SELECTION; JOB-PERFORMANCE; PREDICTIVE-VALIDITY; GENERAL-PRACTICE; RESPONSE INSTRUCTIONS; INCREMENTAL VALIDITY; SUBGROUP DIFFERENCES; APPLICANT REACTIONS; PROCEDURAL KNOWLEDGE; PERSONAL STATEMENTS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences \& Services}, Author-Email = {f.patterson@workpsychologygroup.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Zibarras, Lara/L-3792-2019}, ORCID-Numbers = {Zibarras, Lara/0000-0002-9522-1679}, Number-of-Cited-References = {115}, Times-Cited = {115}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {72}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000367061300002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000398622000001, Author = {Hategeka, Celestin and Mwai, Leah and Tuyisenge, Lisine}, Title = {Implementing the Emergency Triage, Assessment and Treatment plus admission care (ETAT plus ) clinical practice guidelines to improve quality of hospital care in Rwandan district hospitals: healthcare workers' perspectives on relevance and challenges}, Journal = {BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH}, Year = {2017}, Volume = {17}, Month = {APR 7}, Abstract = {Background: An emergency triage, assessment and treatment plus admission care (ETAT+) intervention was implemented in Rwandan district hospitals to improve hospital care for severely ill infants and children. Many interventions are rarely implemented with perfect fidelity under real-world conditions. Thus, evaluations of the real-world experiences of implementing ETAT+ are important in terms of identifying potential barriers to successful implementation. This study explored the perspectives of Rwandan healthcare workers (HCWs) on the relevance of ETAT+ and documented potential barriers to its successful implementation. Methods: HCWs enrolled in the ETAT+ training were asked, immediately after the training, their perspective regarding (i) relevance of the ETAT+ training to Rwandan district hospitals; (ii) if attending the training would bring about change in their work; and (iii) challenges that they encountered during the training, as well as those they anticipated to hamper their ability to translate the knowledge and skills learned in the ETAT+ training into practice in order to improve care for severely ill infants and children in their hospitals. They wrote their perspectives in French, Kinyarwanda, or English and sometimes a mixture of all these languages that are official in the post-genocide Rwanda. Their notes were translated to (if not already in) English and transcribed, and transcripts were analyzed using thematic content analysis. Results: One hundred seventy-one HCWs were included in our analysis. Nearly all these HCWs stated that the training was highly relevant to the district hospitals and that it aligned with their work expectation. However, some midwives believed that the ``neonatal resuscitation and feeding{''} components of the training were more relevant to them than other components. Many HCWs anticipated to change practice by initiating a triage system in their hospital and by using job aids including guidelines for prescription and feeding. Most of the challenges stemmed from the mode of the ETAT+ training delivery (e.g., language barriers, intense training schedule); while others were more related to uptake of guidelines in the district hospitals (e.g., staff turnover, reluctance to change, limited resources, conflicting protocols). Conclusion: This study highlights potential challenges to successful implementation of the ETAT+ clinical practice guidelines in order to improve quality of hospital care in Rwandan district hospitals. Understanding these challenges, especially from HCWs perspective, can guide efforts to improve uptake of clinical practice guidelines including ETAT+ in Rwanda.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Hategeka, C (Corresponding Author), Rwanda Paediat Assoc, ETAT Program, Kigali, Rwanda. Hategeka, C (Corresponding Author), Univ British Columbia, Fac Med, Sch Populat \& Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Hategeka, Celestin; Tuyisenge, Lisine, Rwanda Paediat Assoc, ETAT Program, Kigali, Rwanda. Hategeka, Celestin, Univ British Columbia, Fac Med, Sch Populat \& Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Mwai, Leah, Int Dev Res Ctr, Maternal \& Child Hlth Program, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Mwai, Leah, Afya Res Afr, Nairobi, Kenya. Tuyisenge, Lisine, Univ Teaching, Hosp Kigali, Dept Pediat, Kigali, Rwanda.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12913-017-2193-4}, Article-Number = {256}, ISSN = {1472-6963}, Keywords = {Implementation; Clinical practical guidelines; ETAT; Healthcare worker; District hospital; Qualitative research; Rwanda}, Keywords-Plus = {KNOWLEDGE; PROGRAM; KENYA}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services}, Author-Email = {celestin.hategeka@alumni.ubc.ca}, ORCID-Numbers = {Hategeka, Celestin/0000-0001-7808-4652}, Number-of-Cited-References = {42}, Times-Cited = {27}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {2}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000398622000001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000208130400004, Author = {Urmee, Tania and Harries, David}, Title = {A survey of solar PV program implementers in Asia and the Pacific regions}, Journal = {ENERGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT}, Year = {2009}, Volume = {13}, Number = {1}, Pages = {24-32}, Month = {MAR}, Abstract = {Numerous renewable energy electrification programs that have been implemented in developing countries over the past decade have met with relatively limited success. Much of the effort that has been invested in attempting to understand the causes of lack of success has focused on the identification of barriers. This narrow focus on only barriers, however, fails to consider other important factors that may contribute to the success or lack of success of programs. An email survey was used to obtain the views of those with responsibility for the implementation of solar PV home system programs in Asia and the Pacific region on their programs. The purpose of the survey was to better understand the factors that implementing agencies consider to be important in the designing and implementation of SHS programs. The survey results indicated that program objectives tend to be couched in very broad and administrative terms rather than in terms of the outcomes for system users, weakening the ability to make meaningful assessments of program success. Although best practice program guidelines were infrequently used, even where program implementers were aware of their existence, even more fundamental problems were found to beset some programs. Adequate funding support and the use of appropriate financing mechanisms were considered to be the most critical factors for program success and a variety of financing mechanisms were used, including micro-credit and a novel mechanism which indicated a maturation of program design. System maintenance and monitoring were considered important by most program implementers, although training was reported to be provided to both technicians and system users in a minority of cases and some program implementers expressed concerns over the timeliness of program monitoring and maintenance where this had been outsourced. Unit system cost varied from US\$7.20/Wp to US\$14.58/Wp between programs and was determined by factors such as remoteness, number of system program users and reliance on imported equipment. The program outcomes commonly regarded to be achieved were increased gender equity, increased social activities, increased access to information and increased working hours. The majority of program implementers, however, did not regard their programs as having resulted in increased employment or household income. Factors seen as instrumental in limiting program success were lack of adequate government policy and funding support, lack of involvement of local communities in program design, and a lack of in-house technical know-how, and a lack of availability of components in locations proximate to users. The main conclusions from results of the survey are that the reasons behind program success or lack of success are complex, but that program success could be improved in many instances by following best practice guidelines, specifying program objectives in terms of outcomes for users, ensuring that adequate funding and policy support is available and that program implementers have adequate training in program management. The results were used to develop a comprehensive set of criteria that could be applied in the development of future programs. (C) 2009 International Energy Initiative. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Urmee, T (Corresponding Author), Murdoch Univ, RISE, Murdoch Dr, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. Urmee, Tania; Harries, David, Murdoch Univ, RISE, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.}, DOI = {10.1016/j.esd.2009.01.002}, ISSN = {0973-0826}, Keywords = {Solar home systems (SHS); PV; Success factors; Program implementers; Barriers; Success indicators}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Green \& Sustainable Science \& Technology; Energy \& Fuels}, Author-Email = {t.urmee@murdoch.edu.au dharries@rise.murdoch.edu.au}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Harries, David/AEQ-0198-2022 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Urmee, Tania/0000-0002-4385-9734}, Number-of-Cited-References = {9}, Times-Cited = {37}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {8}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000208130400004}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000791993900003, Author = {Gupta, Snehil and Misra, Maitreyi and Gill, Neeraj}, Title = {Mental health review board under the Mental Health Care Act (2017), India: A critique and learning from review boards of other nations}, Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LAW AND PSYCHIATRY}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {81}, Month = {MAR-APR}, Abstract = {The Mental Healthcare Act, 2017 (MHCA) of India is a landmark and welcome step towards centering persons with mental illness (PwMI) and recognizing their rights concerning their treatment and care decisions and ensuring the availability of mental healthcare services. As mentioned in its preamble, the Act is a step towards aligning India's laws or mental health (MH) policy with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD), which India ratified in 2007. Amidst several positives, the implementation of the Act has been marred by certain practical issues which are partly attributed to the inherent conceptual limitations.Countries across the globe, both High Income-and Low-and Middle-Income Countries, have enacted legislation to ensure that the rights of treatment and care of PwMI are respected, protected, and fulfilled. They have also provisioned quasi-judicial bodies (Mental Health Review Boards MHRBs/tribunals) for ensuring these rights. However, their structure and function vary.This paper compares the constitution and functioning of review boards across different countries and intends to provide future directions for the effective implementation and functioning of the MHRB under India's MHCA.This review found that effective implementation of the MHRB under MHCA is compromised by an ambitious, six-membered, constitution of the MHRB, lack of clarity about the realistic combination of the quorum to adjudicate decisions, inadequate human and financial resources, and an overstretched area of functioning.Although MHRB has been envisaged as a quasi-judicial authority to ensure the rights of PwMI, it needs to be made more pragmatic. The size and composition of the MHRB currently envisaged is likely to be a barrier in the establishment of the MHRB as well as its functioning. A smaller composition (3-5 membered) involving one psychiatrist, one judicial/legal member, and at least one PwMI or member from civil society having lived experience of working with PwMI or caregiver, could be a more pragmatic approach. The passing of this law also necessitates increasing the overall health budget, especially the mental health budget with funds earmarked specifically for the implementation of the law, which necessarily includes setting up the MHRB. An evaluation of the implementation of the MHRB, including its determinants, would be a useful step in this direction.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Gupta, S (Corresponding Author), All India Inst Med Sci AIIMS, Dept Psychiat, Bhopal 462022, Madhya Pradesh, India. Gupta, Snehil, All India Inst Med Sci AIIMS, Dept Psychiat, Bhopal 462022, Madhya Pradesh, India. Gill, Neeraj, Univ Canberra, Hlth Res Inst, Canberra, ACT, Australia. Gill, Neeraj, Griffith Univ, Sch Med \& Dent, Gold Cost, Qld, Australia. Gill, Neeraj, Gold Coast Hlth QLD Australia, Mental Hlth \& Specialist Serv, Gold Cost, Qld, Australia. Misra, Maitreyi, Natl Law Univ, Mental Hlth \& Legal Justice Syst, Delhi, India.}, DOI = {10.1016/j.ijlp.2021.101774}, EarlyAccessDate = {JAN 2022}, Article-Number = {101774}, ISSN = {0160-2527}, EISSN = {1873-6386}, Keywords = {Mental health legislation; Psychiatry; Review board; Tribunal; Mental health care act; India}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Law; Psychiatry}, Author-Email = {snehil2161@gmail.com maitreyi.misra@nludelhi.ac.in neeraj.gill@griffith.edu.au}, ORCID-Numbers = {GUPTA, SNEHIL/0000-0001-5498-2917}, Number-of-Cited-References = {46}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {3}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000791993900003}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000167682700009, Author = {Kessler, RC and Greenberg, PE and Mickelson, KD and Meneades, LM and Wang, PS}, Title = {The effects of chronic medical conditions on work loss and work cutback}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE}, Year = {2001}, Volume = {43}, Number = {3}, Pages = {218-225}, Month = {MAR}, Abstract = {Although work performance has become an important outcome in cost-of-illness studies, little is known about the comparative effects of different commonly occurring chronic conditions on work impairment in general population samples. Such data are presented here from a large-scale nationally representative general population survey. The data are from the MacArthur Foundation Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) survey, a nationally representative telephone-mail survey of 3032 respondents in the age range of 25 to 74 years. The 2074 survey respondents in the age range of 25 to 54 years are the focus of the current report. The data collection included a chronic-conditions checklist and questions about how many days out of the past 30 each respondent was either totally unable to work or perform normal activities because of health problems (work-loss days) ol had to cut back on these activities because of health problems (work-cutback days). Regression analysis was used to estimate the effects of conditions on work impairments, controlling for sociodemographics. At least one illness-related work-loss or work-cutback day in the past 30 days was reported by 22.4\% of respondents, with a monthly average of 6.7 such days among those with any work impairment. This is equivalent to an annualized national estimate of over 2.5 billion work-impairment days in the age range of the sample. Cancer is associated with by far the highest reported prevalence of any impairment (66.2\%) and the highest conditional number of impairment days in the past 30 (16.4 days). Other conditions associated with high odds of any impairment include ulcers, major depression, and panic disorder, whereas other conditions associated with a large conditional number of impairment days include heart disease and high blood pressure. Comorbidities involving combinations of arthritis, ulcers, mental disorders, and substance dependence are associated with higher impairments than expected on the basis of an additive model. The effects of conditions do not differ systematically across subsamples defined on the basis of age, sex, education, or employment status. The enormous magnitude of the work impairment associated with chronic conditions and the economic advantages of interventions for ill workers that reduce work impairments should be factored into employer cost-benefit calculations of expanding health insurance coverage. Given the enormous work impairment associated with cancer and the fact that the vast majority of employed people who are diagnosed with cancer stay in the workforce through at least part of their course of treatment, interventions aimed at reducing the workplace costs of this illness should be a priority.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Kessler, RC (Corresponding Author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, 180 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Kent State Univ, Dept Psychol, Kent, OH 44242 USA. Brigham \& Womens Hosp, Div Pharmacoepidemiol \& Pharmacoecon, Boston, MA 02115 USA.}, DOI = {10.1097/00043764-200103000-00009}, ISSN = {1076-2752}, Keywords-Plus = {QUALITY-OF-LIFE; BREAST-CANCER; DEPRESSION; IMPACT; PREVALENCE; DISABILITY; WORKPLACE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, ORCID-Numbers = {Mickelson, Kristin/0000-0001-8946-2356 Mickelson, Kristin/0000-0002-1833-9147}, Number-of-Cited-References = {24}, Times-Cited = {336}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {33}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000167682700009}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000378955400012, Author = {Hudson, Sharon M. and Rondinelli, June and Glenn, Beth A. and Preciado, Melissa and Chao, Chun}, Title = {Human papillomavirus vaccine series completion: Qualitative information from providers within an integrated healthcare organization}, Journal = {VACCINE}, Year = {2016}, Volume = {34}, Number = {30}, Pages = {3515-3521}, Month = {JUN 24}, Abstract = {Objective: This qualitative study aimed to identify doctors' and nurses' perceptions of patient-, provider-, and system-level factors associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine completion that may be targets for intervention. Methods: We analyzed data from 61 qualitative interviews with pediatricians, family medicine physicians, and immunization nurses at medical centers that had the highest and lowest HPV vaccine completion rates within the same health care system. Results: In both groups, almost all providers reported strong support for the HPV vaccine. In detailing how they talk to parents and patients about the vaccine, more of the providers working at higher completion centers described using effective communication techniques, including engaging parents and patients in two-way conversation and demonstrating awareness of cultural and practical barriers to completion that families may face. Providers at higher completion centers were also more likely to depict a local medical culture supportive of and committed to HPV vaccine completion, with greater levels of proactivity and teamwork. In contrast, providers working at lower completion medical centers described a lack of proactivity, and the strategies they suggested to improve HPV vaccine completion tended to be approaches that someone other than medical providers would implement. The comments made by these providers sometimes reflected a level of negativity and judgment absent from the comments of providers at higher completion centers. Conclusion: Interventions to improve HPV vaccination completion rates should address both individual and system-level factors. Improving communication skills, encouraging a supportive medical culture, and addressing resource issues is likely to improve vaccine adherence. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Hudson, SM; Chao, C (Corresponding Author), Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Dept Res \& Evaluat, 100 S Los Robles,2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. Hudson, Sharon M.; Preciado, Melissa; Chao, Chun, Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Dept Res \& Evaluat, 100 S Los Robles,2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. Rondinelli, June, Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Reg Nursing Res Program, 393 E Walnut St, Pasadena, CA 91188 USA. Glenn, Beth A., Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Canc Prevent \& Control Res, UCLA Kaiser Permanente Ctr Hlth Equ, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, 650 Charles Young Dr South,A2-125 CHS,Box 956900, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Glenn, Beth A., Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, 650 Charles Young Dr South,A2-125 CHS,Box 956900, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.}, DOI = {10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.02.066}, ISSN = {0264-410X}, EISSN = {1873-2518}, Keywords = {Human papillomavirus; Vaccine; Adherence; Patient-provider communication}, Keywords-Plus = {HPV VACCINE; LOW-INCOME; PHYSICIAN COMMUNICATION; GIRLS; RECOMMENDATIONS; ATTITUDES}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Immunology; Medicine, Research \& Experimental}, Author-Email = {Sharon.M.Hudson@kp.org June.L.Rondinelli@kp.org bglenn@ucla.edu Melissa.X.Preciado@kp.org Chun.R.Chao@kp.org}, Number-of-Cited-References = {34}, Times-Cited = {14}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {9}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000378955400012}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000862598200001, Author = {Brooke-Sumner, Carrie and Petersen-Williams, Petal and Sorsdahl, Katherine and Kruger, James and Mahomed, Hassan and Myers, Bronwyn}, Title = {Strategies for supporting the implementation of a task-shared psychological intervention in South Africa's chronic disease services: qualitative insights from health managers' experiences of project MIND}, Journal = {GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {15}, Number = {1}, Month = {DEC 31}, Abstract = {Background Although evidence indicates that task-shared psychological interventions can reduce mental health treatment gaps in resource-constrained settings, systemic barriers have limited their widespread implementation. Evidence on how to sustain and scale such approaches is scant. This study responds to this gap by examining the experiences of South African health managers involved in the implementation of a task-shared counselling service for Project MIND. Objectives To qualitatively describe managers' experiences of implementing the MIND programme and their insights into potential strategies for supporting sustained implementation. Methods Two focus group discussions (FGDs) and eight in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with managers of urban and rural primary care facilities in the Western Cape province. All managers were female and 30-50 years old. FGDs and IDIs used an identical semi-structured topic guide to explore the experiences of the MIND programme and perceived barriers to sustained implementation. Normalisation process theory (NPT) guided the thematic analysis. Results Four themes emerged that mapped onto the NPT constructs. First, managers noted that their relational work with staff to promote support for the intervention and reduce resistance was key to facilitating implementation. Second, managers emphasised the need for staff reorientation and upskilling to foster openness to mental health practice and for adequate time for quality counselling. Third, managers underscored the importance of strengthening linkages between the health and social service sectors to facilitate delivery of comprehensive mental health services. Finally, managers recommended ongoing monitoring of the service and communication about its impacts as strategies for supporting integration into routine practice. Conclusions Findings contribute to the emerging literature on strategies to support implementation of task-shared interventions in low- and middle-income countries. The findings highlight the leadership role of managers in identifying and actioning these strategies. Investing in managers' capacity to support implementation of psychological interventions is critical for scale-up of these mental health innovations.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Myers, B (Corresponding Author), South African Med Res Council, Alcohol Tobacco \& Other Drug Res Unit, Francie Van Zijl Dr, ZA-7501 Cape Town, South Africa. Brooke-Sumner, Carrie; Petersen-Williams, Petal; Myers, Bronwyn, South African Med Res Council, Alcohol Tobacco \& Other Drug Res Unit, Francie Van Zijl Dr, ZA-7501 Cape Town, South Africa. Brooke-Sumner, Carrie; Sorsdahl, Katherine, Univ Cape Town, Dept Psychiat \& Mental Hlth, Alan J Flisher Ctr Publ Mental Hlth, Rondebosch, South Africa. Petersen-Williams, Petal; Myers, Bronwyn, Univ Cape Town, Groote Schuur Hosp, Dept Psychiat \& Mental Hlth, J Block, Cape Town, South Africa. Kruger, James; Mahomed, Hassan, Western Cape Govt Hlth, Metro Hlth Serv, Bellville Hlth Pk, Cape Town, South Africa. Mahomed, Hassan, Stellenbosch Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Global Hlth, Div Hlth Syst \& Publ Hlth, Cape Town, South Africa. Myers, Bronwyn, Curtin Univ, Curtin enAble Inst, Fac Hlth Sci, Bentley, WA, Australia.}, DOI = {10.1080/16549716.2022.2123005}, Article-Number = {2123005}, EISSN = {1654-9880}, Keywords = {Psychological interventions; global mental health; implementation strategy; low- and-middle-income countries}, Keywords-Plus = {MENTAL-HEALTH; SUBSTANCE USE; LEADERSHIP; CARE; INTEGRATION; DISORDERS; SETTINGS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {carrie.brooke-sumner@mrc.ac.za}, ORCID-Numbers = {Myers, Bronwyn/0000-0003-0235-6716 Petersen Williams, Petal/0000-0001-5535-2458 Sorsdahl, Katherine/0000-0002-5517-1697 Brooke-Sumner, Carrie/0000-0002-9489-8717}, Number-of-Cited-References = {46}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {3}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000862598200001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:001000808800004, Author = {Hedemann, Thea Lynne and Asif, Muqaddas and Aslam, Huma and Maqsood, Aneela and Bukhsh, Ameer and Kiran, Tayyeba and Ahsan, Umair and Shahzad, Salman and Zaheer, Juveria and Lane, Steven and Chaudhry, Nasim and Husain, M. Ishrat and Husain, M. Omair}, Title = {Clinicians', patients' and carers' perspectives on borderline personality disorder in Pakistan: A mixed methods study protocol}, Journal = {PLOS ONE}, Year = {2023}, Volume = {18}, Number = {6}, Month = {JUN 2}, Abstract = {Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a condition characterised by significant social and occupational impairment and high rates of suicide. In high income countries, mental health professionals carry negative attitudes towards patients with BPD, find it difficult to work with patients with BPD, and even avoid seeing these patients. Negative attitudes and stigma can cause patients to fear mistreatment by health care providers and create additional barriers to care. Patients' self-stigma and illness understanding BPD also affects treatment engagement and outcomes; better knowledge about mental illness predicts intentions to seek care. The perspectives of mental health clinicians and patients on BPD have not been researched in the Pakistani setting and likely differ from other settings due to economic, cultural, and health care system differences. Our study aims to understand the attitudes of mental health clinicians towards patients with BPD in Pakistan using a self-report survey. We also aim to explore explanatory models of illness in individuals with BPD and their family members/carers using a Short Explanatory Model Interview (SEMI). The results of this study are important as we know attitudes and illness understanding greatly impact care. Results of this study will help guide BPD-specific training for mental health clinicians who care for patients with BPD and help inform approaches to interventions for patients with BPD in Pakistan.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Hedemann, TL (Corresponding Author), Univ Toronto, Dept Psychiat, Toronto, ON, Canada. Hedemann, Thea Lynne; Zaheer, Juveria; Husain, M. Ishrat; Husain, M. Omair, Univ Toronto, Dept Psychiat, Toronto, ON, Canada. Asif, Muqaddas; Bukhsh, Ameer; Kiran, Tayyeba; Ahsan, Umair; Chaudhry, Nasim, Pakistan Inst Living \& Learning, Karachi, Pakistan. Aslam, Huma, Allama Iqbal Med Coll \& Jinnah Hosp, Dept Psychiat \& Behav Sci, Lahore, Pakistan. Maqsood, Aneela, Fatima Jinnah Women Univ, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Shahzad, Salman, Univ Karachi, Inst Clin Psychol, Karachi, Pakistan. Zaheer, Juveria; Husain, M. Ishrat; Husain, M. Omair, Ctr Addict \& Mental Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. Lane, Steven, Univ Liverpool, Liverpool, England.}, DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0286459}, ISSN = {1932-6203}, Keywords-Plus = {EXPLANATORY MODELS; MENTAL-DISORDERS; BARRIERS; STIGMA}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Multidisciplinary Sciences}, Author-Email = {thea.hedemann@mail.utoronto.ca}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Husain, Muhammad Ishrat/IYJ-9872-2023 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Asif, Muqaddas/0000-0003-1605-9181}, Number-of-Cited-References = {27}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {1}, Unique-ID = {WOS:001000808800004}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000427977400034, Author = {Khan, Fauzia A. and Merry, Alan F.}, Title = {Improving Anesthesia Safety in Low-Resource Settings}, Journal = {ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA}, Year = {2018}, Volume = {126}, Number = {4}, Pages = {1312-1320}, Month = {APR}, Abstract = {The safety of anesthesia characteristic of high-income countries today is not matched in low-resource settings with poor infrastructure, shortages of anesthesia providers, essential drugs, equipment, and supplies. Health care is delivered through complex systems. Achieving sustainable widespread improvement globally will require an understanding of how to influence such systems. Health outcomes depend not only on a country's income, but also on how resources are allocated, and both vary substantially, between and within countries. Safety is particularly important in anesthesia because anesthesia is intrinsically hazardous and not intrinsically therapeutic. Nevertheless, other elements of the quality of health care, notably access, must also be considered. More generally, there are certain prerequisites within society for health, captured in the Jakarta declaration. It is necessary to have adequate infrastructure (notably for transport and primary health care) and hospitals capable of safely carrying out the Bellwether Procedures (cesarean delivery, laparotomy, and the treatment of compound fractures). Surgery, supported by safe anesthesia, is critical to the health of populations, but avoidable harm from health care (including very high mortality rates from anesthesia in many parts of the world) is a major global problem. Thus, surgical and anesthesia services must not only be provided, they must be safe. The global anesthesia workforce crisis is a major barrier to achieving this. Many anesthetics today are administered by nonphysicians with limited training and little access to supervision or support, often working in very challenging circumstances. Many organizations, notably the World Health Organization and the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists, are working to improve access to and safety of anesthesia and surgery around the world. Challenges include collaboration with local stakeholders, coordination of effort between agencies, and the need to influence national health policy makers to achieve sustainable improvement. It is conceivable that safe anesthesia and perioperative care could be provided for essential surgical services today by clinicians with moderate levels of training using relatively simple (but appropriately designed and maintained) equipment and a limited number of inexpensive generic medications. However, there is a minimum standard for these resources, below which reasonable safety cannot be assured. This minimum (at least) should be available to all. Not only more resources, but also more equitable distribution of existing resources is required. Thus, the starting point for global access to safe anesthesia is acceptance that access to health care in general should be a basic human right everywhere.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Merry, AF (Corresponding Author), Univ Auckland, Dept Anaesthesiol, Fac Med \& Hlth Sci, Auckland, New Zealand. Khan, Fauzia A., Aga Khan Univ, Dept Anaesthesiol, Coll Med, Fac Hlth Sci, Karachi, Pakistan. Merry, Alan F., Univ Auckland, Dept Anaesthesiol, Fac Med \& Hlth Sci, Auckland, New Zealand. Merry, Alan F., Auckland City Hosp, Dept Anaesthesia, Auckland, New Zealand.}, DOI = {10.1213/ANE.0000000000002728}, ISSN = {0003-2999}, Keywords-Plus = {MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; PERIOPERATIVE MORTALITY-RATE; HEALTH-CARE; PATIENT SAFETY; GLOBAL INDICATOR; SURGERY; CHECKLIST; OXIMETRY; QUALITY; EQUIPMENT}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Anesthesiology}, Author-Email = {a.merry@auckland.ac.nz}, Number-of-Cited-References = {64}, Times-Cited = {24}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {8}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000427977400034}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000873173600004, Author = {Zack, Rachel M. and Bronico, Jackie V. Rodriguez and Babbin, Molly and Nguyen, Tra and Weil, Rachel and Granick, Jean and Fiechtner, Lauren and Mulugeta, Wudeneh and Odayar, Varshini and Cortes, Dharma E.}, Title = {Facilitators and Barriers to Patient Attendance at a Free Health Center Produce Market}, Journal = {AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {63}, Number = {3, 2}, Pages = {S131-S143}, Month = {SEP}, Abstract = {Introduction: Patient participation in healthcare system-sponsored efforts to address food insecurity varies widely. This mixed-methods study sought to understand the patient sociodemographic factors associated with and barriers and facilitators to the use of a monthly produce market held at Cambridge Health Alliance in partnership with The Greater Boston Food Bank. Methods: Baseline surveys (N=715) were conducted from February 2019 to March 2020 before market attendance, followed by 1-year follow-up surveys (n=514) and qualitative interviews (n=45). Robust Poisson regression estimated associations between sociodemographic characteristics and market attendance. Analyses were conducted from 2021 to 2022. Results: A total of 37.1\% attended the market >= 1 time. Market attendance was associated with being aged 30-49 years (Risk Ratio (RR)=1.36, 95\% CI=1.00, 1.86), having a monthly household income <\$1,000 (RR=1.73, 95\% CI=1.29, 2.32), identifying as Asian (RR=2.48, 95\% CI=1.58, 3.89), having a preferred language for medical care other than English (RR=1.35, 95\% CI=1.03, 1.76), being retired (RR=1.90, 95\% CI=1.17, 3.08), and living in the city of the market's location (RR=1.36, 95\% CI=1.12, 1.63). Barriers included limited time (28\%), work conflict (23\%), forgetfulness (23\%), and not knowing market location/date (22\%). Interviews revealed that accessibility barriers (e.g., limited market hours, transportation issues, competing demands, medical conditions, long lines) were obstacles to attendance, whereas access to novel, healthy foods motivated attendance. Conclusions: Healthcare-based food distributions have the potential to reach patients with unmet food needs who cannot or would not access other forms of food assistance. Time constraints, physical limitations, and transportation challenges impact attendance; program modifications are necessary to improve accessibility. (C) 2022 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Zack, RM (Corresponding Author), Greater Boston Food Bank, 70 South Bay Ave, Boston, MA 02118 USA. Zack, Rachel M.; Nguyen, Tra; Weil, Rachel; Fiechtner, Lauren, Greater Boston Food Bank, 70 South Bay Ave, Boston, MA 02118 USA. Bronico, Jackie V. Rodriguez; Babbin, Molly; Granick, Jean, Cambridge Hlth Alliance, Community Hlth Improvement Dept, Cambridge, MA USA. Fiechtner, Lauren, Mass Gen Hosp Children, Div Gen Acad Pediat, Boston, MA USA. Fiechtner, Lauren, Mass Gen Hosp Children, Div Gastroenterol \& Nutr, Boston, MA USA. Mulugeta, Wudeneh, Cambridge Hlth Alliance, Revere, MA USA. Odayar, Varshini; Cortes, Dharma E., Cambridge Hlth Alliance, Hlth Equ Res Lab, Cambridge, MA USA.}, DOI = {10.1016/j.amepre.2022.03.034}, EarlyAccessDate = {AUG 2022}, ISSN = {0749-3797}, EISSN = {1873-2607}, Keywords-Plus = {FOOD INSECURITY; PERCEPTIONS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health; Medicine, General \& Internal}, Author-Email = {rmzack@gmail.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Cortés, Dharma E/JCE-0305-2023 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Zack, Rachel/0000-0003-1048-8938 Odayar, Varshini/0000-0002-0284-814X}, Number-of-Cited-References = {43}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000873173600004}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000634795100003, Author = {Pinazo, Maria-Jesus and Cidoncha, Ainize and Gopal, Gurram and Moriana, Silvia and Saravia, Ruth and Torrico, Faustino and Gascon, Joaquim}, Title = {Multi-criteria decision analysis approach for strategy scale-up with application to Chagas disease management in Bolivia}, Journal = {PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {15}, Number = {3}, Month = {MAR}, Abstract = {Objective Design and build a strategy construction and evaluation software system to help stakeholders to develop viable strategies to expand (and adapt) the Chagas Platform healthcare model through the primary healthcare system in Bolivia. Methods The software was built based on a ranking of medical Interventions and Actions (needed to support Interventions' implementation) needed for comprehensive management of Chagas Disease in Bolivia. The ranking was performed using a Multi Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) methodology adapted to the WHO's building blocks framework. Data regarding the criteria and the rankings was obtained through surveys and interviews with health care professionals working on Chagas disease. The Analytical Hierarchy Process was used to construct the decision criteria weights. Data Envelopment Analysis was used to identify the Interventions that lay on the efficiency frontier of outcomes and the complexity of associated Actions. These techniques were combined with integer programing tools using the open-source software R to build a decision-making tool to assess the outcomes and complexity of any combination of Interventions and Actions. This model and tool were applied to data concerning the care of Chagas disease in Bolivia collected through surveys of experts. The tool works by loading the data from each specific context. Results The initial set of Interventions and Actions recommended after analysis of the survey data was further refined through face-to-face interviews with field experts in Bolivia, resulting in a strategy of 18 Interventions and 15 Actions. Within the WHO model the Leadership and Governance building block came up as the one needing more support with Actions such as the inclusion of Chagas into Annual Municipal Operational Plans by appointing local and provincial coordinators. Conclusion This project established the suitability of the model for constructing healthcare strategies. The model could be developed further resulting in a decision-making tool for program managers in a wide range of healthcare related issues, including neglected and/ or prevalent diseases. The tool has the potential to be used at different stages of decision making by diverse stakeholders in order to coordinate activities needed to address a health problem. Author summary This manuscript presents a strategy construction tool to generate viable strategies to expand the Chagas platforms for healthcare pilot through the primary healthcare system in Bolivia. Relevance of this work resides in the need for performing a rational planification to address Neglected Diseases in low- and middle-income countries, by prioritizing Interventions and Actions. After gathering and loading the data from each specific context and problem, policy makers can use the tool for construction or evaluation of strategies using the WHO Building Block model. The main comparative advantage is that the model does not only include the identification and evaluation of Interventions for the comprehensive care of Chagas, but also includes the necessary activities in the health system to support the large-scale implementation of them. The tool has the potential to be used at different stages of decision making to coordinate activities to address a health problem. The tool could be adapted for its use in other neglected and/ or prevalent diseases or in other locations.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Pinazo, MJ (Corresponding Author), Hosp Clin Univ Barcelona, Barcelona Inst Global Hlth ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain. Pinazo, Maria-Jesus; Gascon, Joaquim, Hosp Clin Univ Barcelona, Barcelona Inst Global Hlth ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain. Cidoncha, Ainize; Gopal, Gurram, IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. Cidoncha, Ainize, Univ Politecn Cataluna, Barcelona, Spain. Moriana, Silvia, Chagas Dis Global Coalit, Barcelona, Spain. Saravia, Ruth; Torrico, Faustino, Fdn CEADES, Cochabamba, Bolivia.}, DOI = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0009249}, Article-Number = {e0009249}, ISSN = {1935-2735}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine}, Author-Email = {mariajesus.pinazo@isglobal.org}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Gascon, Joaquim/M-3598-2015 Delgado, Maria Jesús Pinazo/X-6093-2018}, ORCID-Numbers = {Gascon, Joaquim/0000-0002-5045-1585 Delgado, Maria Jesús Pinazo/0000-0002-4237-1075}, Number-of-Cited-References = {18}, Times-Cited = {3}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {2}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000634795100003}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000332172800007, Author = {Siefert, Mary Lou and Hong, Fangxin and Valcarce, Bianca and Berry, Donna L.}, Title = {Patient and Clinician Communication of Self-reported Insomnia During Ambulatory Cancer Care Clinic Visits}, Journal = {CANCER NURSING}, Year = {2014}, Volume = {37}, Number = {2}, Pages = {E51-E59}, Month = {MAR-APR}, Abstract = {Background: Insomnia, the most commonly reported sleep-wake disturbance in people with cancer, has an adverse effect on quality of life including emotional well-being, distress associated with other symptoms, daily functioning, relationships, and ability to work. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the content of discussions between clinicians and 120 patients with self-reported insomnia and to examine the associations of sociodemographic, clinical, and environmental factors with insomnia. Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted with self-reported symptom data and sociodemographic, clinical, and environmental factors. Recordings of clinician and patient discussions during clinic visits were examined by conducting a content analysis. Results: Severe insomnia was more likely to be reported by women, minority, and lower-income individuals. Seven major topics were identified in the discussions. The clinicians did not always discuss insomnia; discussion rates differed by diagnosis and clinical service. Conclusions: Reporting of insomnia by the patient and clinician communication about insomnia may have differed by demographic and clinical characteristics. Clinicians attended to insomnia about half the time with management strategies likely to be effective. Explanations may be that insomnia had a low clinician priority for the clinic visit or lack of clear evidence to support insomnia interventions. Implications for Practice: A better understanding is needed about why insomnia is not addressed even when reported by patients; it is well known that structured assessments and early interventions can improve quality of life. Research is warranted to better understand potential disparities in cancer care.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Siefert, ML (Corresponding Author), Dana Farber Canc Inst, 450 Brookline Ave LW515, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Siefert, Mary Lou; Valcarce, Bianca; Berry, Donna L., Phyllis F Cantor Ctr Res Nursing \& Patient Care S, Boston, MA USA. Hong, Fangxin, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Biostat \& Computat Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA.}, DOI = {10.1097/NCC.0b013e318283a7bc}, ISSN = {0162-220X}, EISSN = {1538-9804}, Keywords = {Self-reported symptoms; Sleep; Cancer; Insomnia; Patient/provider communication}, Keywords-Plus = {QUALITY-OF-LIFE; BREAST-CANCER; PROSTATE-CANCER; HOT FLASHES; SLEEP; FATIGUE; TRIAL; DIAGNOSIS; SYMPTOMS; CHEMOTHERAPY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Oncology; Nursing}, Author-Email = {mlsiefet@aya.yale.edu}, Number-of-Cited-References = {52}, Times-Cited = {27}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {6}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000332172800007}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @inproceedings{ WOS:000289269700034, Author = {Juarez Sanchez R, C. and Hernandez Hernandez, M. and Rico Amoros, A. M.}, Editor = {Brebbia, CA and Hernandez, S and Tiezzi, E}, Title = {Guarantee of water availability and change in land use in the southern coastal area of the community of Valencia (Spain)}, Booktitle = {SUSTAINABLE CITY VI: URBAN REGENERATION AND SUSTAINABILITY}, Series = {WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment}, Year = {2010}, Volume = {129}, Pages = {393+}, Note = {Sustainable City 2010: 6th International Conference on Urban Regeneration and Sustainability, A Coruna, SPAIN, APR 14-16, 2010}, Abstract = {The coast and the pre-littoral zone of Bajo Segura region (Alicante) is a geographical area suffering from a natural scarcity of water resources. However, since 1960 until today, water consumption has increased due to a profound economic, demographic and landscape transformation. Statistical confirmation of this change is verified by the value reached by the use-indicators: participation in the gross domestic product, employment generated, disposable household income, population growth and concentration. The new economic trend has increased the allocation of water resources to ensure the enhancement of the territory. The water infrastructure of Tajo-Segura is that which ensures urban supply and production of the irrigated area. Overcoming water shortages involves converting the risk or bottlenecks into a great productive opportunity embodied in a growing urban/tourist impact, which reduces the irrigated area by competing for water. This dynamic urban-residential process of expansion penetrates from the coast to the inland municipalities because of the increased availability of cheap land and urban planning flexibility. As the prosperity of this area of Alicante will always be linked to solving the problem of water, water conflicts need to be resolved in order to avoid increased competition with other uses of the land. For this reason, the aim of this work is to understand and study the current status of the territorial model as well as to offer a diagnosis of the deficits, advantages and potential for better management of land and water without affecting the environment.}, Type = {Proceedings Paper}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Sanchez, CJ (Corresponding Author), Univ Alicante, Inst Geog, Alicante, Spain. Juarez Sanchez R, C.; Hernandez Hernandez, M.; Rico Amoros, A. M., Univ Alicante, Inst Geog, Alicante, Spain.}, DOI = {10.2495/SC100341}, ISSN = {1743-3541}, ISBN = {978-1-84564-432-1}, Keywords = {tourist and residential development; water resources; comparative advantages; sustainability; water indicators; adaptive and integral management}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Engineering, Environmental; Regional \& Urban Planning; Urban Studies}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Hernández, María Hernández/H-2198-2015}, ORCID-Numbers = {Hernández, María Hernández/0000-0002-8823-0083}, Number-of-Cited-References = {6}, Times-Cited = {2}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {6}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000289269700034}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000905932200001, Author = {Kulisewa, Kazione and Dussault, Josee M. and Gaynes, Bradley N. and Hosseinipour, Mina C. and Go, Vivian F. and Kutengule, Anna and LeMasters, Katherine and Meltzer-Brody, Samantha and Midiani, Dalitso and Mphonda, Steven M. and Udedi, Michael and Pence, Brian W. and Bengtson, Angela M.}, Title = {The feasibility and acceptability of a task-shifted intervention for perinatal depression among women living with HIV in Malawi: a qualitative analysis}, Journal = {BMC PSYCHIATRY}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {22}, Number = {1}, Month = {DEC 29}, Abstract = {BackgroundPerinatal depression (PND) is prevalent and negatively impacts HIV care among women living with HIV (WLHIV), yet PND remains under-identified in Malawian WLHIV. Accordingly, this formative study explored perceptions of the feasibility and acceptability of an integrated, task-shifted approach to PND screening and treatment in maternity clinics. MethodsWe completed consecutive PND screenings of HIV+ women attending pre- or post-natal appointments at 5 clinics in Lilongwe district, Malawi. We conducted in-depth interviews with the first 4-5 women presenting with PND per site (n = 24 total) from July to August 2018. PND classification was based on a score \& GE; 10 on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). We conducted 10 additional in-depth interviews with HIV and mental health providers at the 5 clinics. ResultsMost participants endorsed the feasibility of integrated PND screening, as they believed that PND had potential for significant morbidity. Among providers, identified barriers to screening were negative staff attitudes toward additional work, inadequate staffing numbers and time constraints. Suggested solutions to barriers were health worker training, supervision, and a brief screening tool. Patient-centered counselling strategies were favored over medication by WLHIV as the acceptable treatment of choice, with providers supporting the role of medication to be restricted to severe depression. Providers identified nurses as the most suitable health workers to deliver task-shifted interventions and emphasized further training as a requirement to ensure successful task shifting. ConclusionImproving PND in a simple, task-shifted intervention is essential for supporting mental health among women with PND and HIV. Our results suggest that an effective PND intervention for this population should include a brief, streamlined PND screening questionnaire and individualized counselling for those who have PND, with supplemental support groups and depression medication readily available. These study results support the development of a PND intervention to address the gap in treatment of PND and HIV among WLHIV in Malawi.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Dussault, JM (Corresponding Author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Kulisewa, Kazione, Kamuzu Univ Hlth Sci, Fac Med, Dept Psychiat \& Mental Hlth, Private Bag 360, Blantyre, Malawi. Dussault, Josee M.; Gaynes, Bradley N.; LeMasters, Katherine; Pence, Brian W., Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Gaynes, Bradley N.; Meltzer-Brody, Samantha, Univ N Carolina, UNC Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Hosseinipour, Mina C.; Kutengule, Anna; Mphonda, Steven M., UNC Project Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi. Hosseinipour, Mina C., Univ N Carolina, UNC Sch Med, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Go, Vivian F., Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Midiani, Dalitso; Udedi, Michael, Minist Hlth, Lilongwe, Malawi. Bengtson, Angela M., Brown Univ, Brown Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Providence, RI USA.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12888-022-04476-z}, Article-Number = {833}, EISSN = {1471-244X}, Keywords = {Perinatal depression; Mental health; HIV; Malawi; Task-shifting}, Keywords-Plus = {OPTION B PLUS; MENTAL-HEALTH; POSTNATAL DEPRESSION; PRIMARY-CARE; LOW-INCOME; COUNSELING INTERVENTION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; ANTENATAL DEPRESSION; PRENATAL DEPRESSION; POSTPARTUM}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Psychiatry}, Author-Email = {josee.dussault@unc.edu}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Udedi, Michael/V-6147-2017 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Udedi, Michael/0000-0001-8769-4313 Dussault, Josee/0000-0001-7434-2159}, Number-of-Cited-References = {54}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000905932200001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000330541400019, Author = {Alexander, Thomas and Victor, Suma M. and Mullasari, Ajit S. and Veerasekar, Ganesh and Subramaniam, Kala and Nallamothu, Brahmajee K. and TN-STEMI Programme Investigators}, Title = {Protocol for a prospective, controlled study of assertive and timely reperfusion for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in Tamil Nadu: the TN-STEMI programme}, Journal = {BMJ OPEN}, Year = {2013}, Volume = {3}, Number = {12}, Abstract = {Introduction: Over the past two decades, India has witnessed a staggering increase in the incidence and mortality of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Indians have higher rates of STEMI and younger populations that suffer from it when compared with developed countries. Yet, the recommended reperfusion therapy with fibrinolysis and percutaneous coronary intervention is available only to a minority of patients. This gap in care is a result of financial barriers, limited healthcare infrastructure and poor knowledge and accessibility of acute medical services for a majority of its population. Methods and analysis: This is a prospective, multicentre, `pretest/post-test' quasi-experimental, community-based study. This programme will use a `hub-and-spoke' model of an integrated healthcare network based on clusters of primary-care health clinics, small hospitals and large tertiary-care facilities. It is an `all-comers' study which will enrol consecutive patients presenting with STEMI to the participating hospitals. The primary objectives of the study is to improve the use of reperfusion therapy and reduce the time from first medical contact to device or drug in STEMI patients; and to increase the rates of early invasive risk stratification with coronary angiography within 3-24 h of fibrinolytic therapy in eligible patients through changes in process of care. Outcomes will be measured with statistical comparison made before and after implementing the TN-STEMI programme. The estimated sample size is based on the Kovai Erode Pilot study, which provided an initial work on establishing this type of programme in South India. It will be adequately powered at 80\% with a superiority margin of 10\% if 36 patients are enrolled per cluster or 108 patients in three clusters. Thus, the enrolment period of 9 months will result in a sample size of 1500 patients. Ethics: This study will be conducted in accordance with the ethical principles that have their origin in the current Declaration of Helsinki and `ethical guidelines for biomedical research on human participants' as laid down by the Indian Council for Medical Research. All participating hospitals will still obtain local ethics committee approval of the study protocol and written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. Dissemination and results: Our findings will be reported through scientific publications, research conferences and public policy venues aimed at state and local governments in India. If successful, this model can be extended to other areas of India as well as serve as a model of STEMI systems of care for low-income and middle-income countries across the world.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Alexander, T (Corresponding Author), Kovai Med Ctr \& Hosp, Dept Intervent Cardiol, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. Alexander, Thomas, Kovai Med Ctr \& Hosp, Dept Intervent Cardiol, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. Victor, Suma M.; Mullasari, Ajit S., Madras Med Mission Hosp, Dept Intervent Cardiol, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. Veerasekar, Ganesh, Kovai Med Ctr \& Hosp, Dept Epidemiol, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. Subramaniam, Kala, Lotus Clin Res Acad Pvt Ltd, Clin Res, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. Nallamothu, Brahmajee K., Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.}, DOI = {10.1136/bmjopen-2013-003850}, Article-Number = {e003850}, ISSN = {2044-6055}, Keywords-Plus = {HEART}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Medicine, General \& Internal}, Author-Email = {tomalex41@gmail.com}, Number-of-Cited-References = {9}, Times-Cited = {17}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {4}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000330541400019}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000265682700021, Author = {Petersen, Poul Erik}, Title = {Oral cancer prevention and control - The approach of the World Health Organization}, Journal = {ORAL ONCOLOGY}, Year = {2009}, Volume = {45}, Number = {4-5}, Pages = {454-460}, Month = {APR-MAY}, Abstract = {Cancer is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality today. It is estimated that around 43\% of cancer deaths are due to tobacco use, unhealthy diets, alcohol consumption, inactive lifestyles and infection. Low-income and disadvantaged groups are generally more exposed to avoidable risk factors such as environmental carcinogens, alcohol, infectious agents, and tobacco use. These groups also have less access to the health services and health education that would empower them to make decisions to protect and improve their own health. Oro-pharyngeal cancer is significant component of the global burden of cancer. Tobacco and alcohol are regarded as the major risk factors for oral cancer. The populationattributable risks of smoking and alcohol consumption have been estimated to 80\% for males, 61\% for females, and 74\% overall. The evidence that smokeless tobacco causes oral cancer was confirmed recently by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Studies have shown that heavy intake of alcoholic beverages is associated with nutrient deficiency, which appears to contribute independently to oral carcinogenesis. Oral cancer is preventable through risk factors intervention. Prevention of HIV infection will also reduce the incidence of HIV/AIDS-related cancers such as Kaposi sarcoma and lymphoma. The WHO Global Oral Health Programme is committed to work for country capacity building in oral cancer prevention, inter-country exchange of information and experiences from integrated approaches in prevention and health promotion, and the development of global surveillance systems for oral cancer and risk factors. The WHO Global Oral Health Programme has established a global surveillance system of oral cavity cancer in order to assess risk factors and to help the planning of effective national intervention programmes. Epidemiological data on oral cancer (ICD-10: C00-C08) incidence and mortality are stored in the Global Oral Health Data Bank. In 2007, the World Health Assembly (WHA) passed a resolution on oral health for the first time in 25 years, which also considers oral cancer prevention. The resolution WHA60 A16 URGES Member states-To take steps to ensure that prevention of oral cancer is an integral part of national cancer-control programmes, and to involve oral-health professionals or primary health care personnel with relevant training in oral health in detection, early diagnosis and treatment;The WHO Global Oral Health Programme will use this statement as the lead for its work for oral cancer control www.who.int/oral\_health. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Petersen, PE (Corresponding Author), WHO, Global Oral Hlth Programme, 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. WHO, Global Oral Hlth Programme, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.}, DOI = {10.1016/j.oraloncology.2008.05.023}, ISSN = {1368-8375}, EISSN = {1879-0593}, Keywords = {Cancer epidemiology; Chronic disease risk factors; Oral cancer intervention; Oral cancer surveillance; National cancer policy; World Health Organization}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Oncology; Dentistry, Oral Surgery \& Medicine}, Author-Email = {petersenpe@who.int}, Number-of-Cited-References = {15}, Times-Cited = {371}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {62}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000265682700021}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:001010197200001, Author = {Hummel, Julia and Voss, Stephan and Clark, Holly and Coenen, Michaela and Klein, Christoph and Rehfuess, Eva A. and Zu Rhein, Valerie and Voigt-Blaurock, Varinka and Jung-Sievers, Caroline}, Title = {Implementing a psychosocial care approach in pediatric inpatient care: process evaluation of the pilot Child Life Specialist program at the University Hospital of Munich, Germany}, Journal = {FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS}, Year = {2023}, Volume = {11}, Month = {JUN 7}, Abstract = {BackgroundChild Life Specialists (CLSs) are psychosocial care professionals of child development and health who focus on the individual needs and rights of young patients. CLSs accompany sick children and focus on the children's perspective and their reality of life. CLS programs are already established in clinical settings in the United States and other Anglophone countries but have not yet been piloted in the German health care setting, neither has their implementation been evaluated in this context. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing the implementation of a pilot CLS program in pediatric inpatient care at the Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital at the University Hospital of Munich, Germany. MethodsBuilding on methods commonly employed in the evaluation of complex interventions, we developed a logic model to guide the process evaluation of our program. Semi-structured interviews with four groups of stakeholders were conducted in person or via videoconferencing between June 2021 and January 2022. Data was analyzed collectively using the method of qualitative content analysis by Mayring. ResultsFifteen individual interviews were conducted with patients (children aged 5-17 years, n = 4), parents (n = 4), CLSs (n = 4) and other health professionals (n = 3). Factors influencing the implementation were identified on three levels: system, staff and intervention. On the system level, a clearer definition of CLSs' tasks and responsibilities was perceived as important and would likely lead to a delineation from other (psychosocial) professions and a reduction of potential resistances. On the staff level, lacking training opportunities and feelings of being insufficiently skilled were limiting the CLSs professional self-confidence. On the intervention level, the emergence of a unique characteristic of the CLSs' work (i.e., preparation for medical procedures) supported the acceptance of the new program. ConclusionsThe implementation of a CLS program into an established hospital system with existing psychosocial care services is challenging. Our results contribute to a better understanding of implementation processes of such an additional psychosocial care approach and provide recommendations for addressing upcoming challenges.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Hummel, J (Corresponding Author), Ludwig Maximilians Univ LMU Munich, Univ Hosp, Dr Hauner Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat Surg, Munich, Germany. Hummel, J (Corresponding Author), Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Inst Med Data Proc Biometr \& Epidemiol IBE, Fac Med, Chair Publ Hlth \& Hlth Serv Res, Munich, Germany. Hummel, J (Corresponding Author), Pettenkofer Sch Publ Hlth, Munich, Germany. Hummel, Julia; Clark, Holly; Klein, Christoph; Voigt-Blaurock, Varinka, Ludwig Maximilians Univ LMU Munich, Univ Hosp, Dr Hauner Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat Surg, Munich, Germany. Hummel, Julia; Voss, Stephan; Coenen, Michaela; Rehfuess, Eva A.; Zu Rhein, Valerie; Jung-Sievers, Caroline, Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Inst Med Data Proc Biometr \& Epidemiol IBE, Fac Med, Chair Publ Hlth \& Hlth Serv Res, Munich, Germany. Hummel, Julia; Voss, Stephan; Coenen, Michaela; Rehfuess, Eva A.; Zu Rhein, Valerie; Jung-Sievers, Caroline, Pettenkofer Sch Publ Hlth, Munich, Germany.}, DOI = {10.3389/fped.2023.1178871}, Article-Number = {1178871}, ISSN = {2296-2360}, Keywords = {child life specialist; complex intervention; influencing factors; logic model; pediatric psychosocial care; process evaluation; qualitative interviews}, Keywords-Plus = {COMPLEX INTERVENTIONS; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS; FACILITATORS; BARRIERS; ANXIETY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Pediatrics}, Author-Email = {jhummel@ibe.med.uni-muenchen.de}, Number-of-Cited-References = {40}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:001010197200001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000850208600007, Author = {Steinman, Lesley and van Pelt, Maurits and Hen, Heang and Chhorvann, Chhea and Lan, Channe Suy and Te, Vannarath and LoGerfo, James and Fitzpatrick, Annette L.}, Title = {Can mHealth and eHealth improve management of diabetes and hypertension in a hard-to-reach population? -lessons learned from a process evaluation of digital health to support a peer educator model in Cambodia using the RE-AIM framework br}, Journal = {MHEALTH}, Year = {2020}, Volume = {6}, Number = {4}, Month = {OCT}, Abstract = {Background: The burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is increasing in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) where NCDs cause 4:5 deaths, disproportionately affect poorer populations, and carry a large economic burden. Digital interventions can improve NCD management for these hard-to-reach populations with inadequate health systems and high cell-phone coverage; however, there is limited research on whether digital health is reaching this potential. We conducted a process evaluation to understand challenges and successes from a digital health intervention trial to support Cambodians living with NCDs in a peer educator (PE) program. Methods: MoPoTsyo, a Cambodian non-governmental organization (NGO), trains people living with diabetes and/or hypertension as PEs to provide self-management education, support, and healthcare linkages for better care management among underserved populations. We partnered with MoPoTsyo and InSTEDD in 2016-2018 to test tailored and targeted mHealth mobile voice messages and eHealth tablets to facilitate NCD management and clinical-community linkages. This cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) engaged 3,948 people and 75 PEs across rural and urban areas. Our mixed methods process evaluation was guided by RE-AIM to understand impact and real-world implications of digital health. Data included patient (20) and PE interviews (6), meeting notes, and administrative datasets. We triangulated and analyzed data using thematic analysis, and descriptive and complier average causal effects statistics (CACE). Results: Reach: intervention participants were more urban (66\% vs. 44\%), had more PE visits (39 vs. 29), and lower uncontrolled hypertension {[}12\% and 7\% vs. 23\% and 16\% uncontrolled systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)]. Adoption: patients were sent mean {[}standard deviation (SD)] 30 {[}14] and received 14 {[}8] messages; 40\% received no messages due to frequent phone number changes. Effectiveness: CACE found clinically but not statistically significant improvements in blood pressure and sugar for mHealth participants who received at least one message vs. no messages. Implementation: main barriers were limited cellular access and that mHealth/eHealth could not solve structural barriers to NCD control faced by people in poverty. Maintenance: had the intervention been universally effective, it could be paid for from additional revolving drug fund revenue, new agreements with mobile networks, or the government. Conclusions: Evidence for digital health to improve NCD outcomes in LMICs are limited. This study suggests digital health alone is insufficient in countries with low resource health systems and that high cell phone coverage did not translate to access. Adding digital health to an NCD peer network may not significantly benefit an already effective program; mHealth may be better for hard-to-reach populations not connected to other supports. As long as mHealth remains an individual-level intervention, it will not address social determinants of health that drive outcomes. Future digital health research and practice to improve NCD management in LMICs requires engaging government, NGOs, and technology providers to work together to address barriers.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Steinman, L (Corresponding Author), Univ Washington, Hlth Promot Res Ctr, UW Box 354804, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Steinman, Lesley, Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. van Pelt, Maurits; Hen, Heang, MoPoTsyo Patient Informat Ctr, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Chhorvann, Chhea; Te, Vannarath, Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Lan, Channe Suy, InSTEDD, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. LoGerfo, James; Fitzpatrick, Annette L., Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. LoGerfo, James, Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Fitzpatrick, Annette L., Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Family Med, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Fitzpatrick, Annette L., Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.}, DOI = {10.21037/mhealth-19-249}, Article-Number = {40}, EISSN = {2306-9740}, Keywords = {Diabetes; hypertension; mHealth; Cambodia; implementation science}, Keywords-Plus = {NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE; PREVENTION; INTERVENTION; TECHNOLOGY; ADHERENCE; PROGRAM; SERVICE; BURDEN; IMPACT}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services; Medical Informatics}, Author-Email = {lesles@uw.edu}, Number-of-Cited-References = {82}, Times-Cited = {7}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {2}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {6}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000850208600007}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000462359300008, Author = {Ingold, Heather and Mwerinde, Ombeni and Ross, Anna Laura and Leach, Ross and Corbett, Elizabeth L. and Hatzold, Karin and Johnson, Cheryl C. and Ncube, Getrude and Nyirenda, Rose and Baggaley, Rachel C.}, Title = {The Self-Testing AfRica (STAR) Initiative: accelerating global access and scale-up of HIV self-testing}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY}, Year = {2019}, Volume = {22}, Number = {1, SI}, Month = {MAR}, Abstract = {IntroductionHIV self-testing (HIVST) was first proposed as an additional option to standard HIV testing services in the 1980s. By 2015, two years after the first HIVST kit was approved for the American market and the year in which Unitaid invested in the HIV Self-Testing AfRica (STAR) Initiative, HIVST remained unexplored with negligible access in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). However, rapid progress had been made. This commentary outlines the interlinked market, regulatory and policy barriers that had inhibited product development and kept HIVST out of LMIC policy. We detail the components of STAR that enabled rapid HIVST scale-up, including critical investments in implementation, research, market forecasting, and engagement with manufacturers and regulators. DiscussionThe STAR Initiative has generated crucial information about how to distribute HIVST products effectively, ethically and efficiently. Service delivery models range from clinic-based distribution to workplace and partner-delivered approaches to reach first-time male testers, to community outreach to sex workers and general population hotspots. These data directly informed supportive policy, notably the 2016 WHO guidelines strongly recommending HIVST as an additional testing approach, and regulatory change through support for WHO prequalification of the first HIVST kit in 2017. In July 2015, only two countries had national HIVST policies and were implementing HIVST. Three years later, 59 countries have policies, actively implemented in 28, with an additional 53 countries reporting policies under development. By end-November 2018 several quality-assured HIVST products had been registered, including two WHO prequalified tests. STAR Initiative countries have drafted regulations governing invitro diagnostics, including HIVST products. With enabling policies, pre-qualification and regulations in place, donor procurement of kits has increased rapidly, to a forecasted estimate of 16million HIVST kits procured by 2020. ConclusionsThe STAR Initiative provided a strong foundation to introduce HIVST in LMICs and allow for rapid scale-up based on the wealth of multi-country evidence gathered. Together with sustained coordination and acceleration of market development work, HIVST can help address the testing gap and provide a focused and cost-effective means to expand access to treatment and prevention services.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Ingold, H (Corresponding Author), Unitaid, Global Hlth Campus,Chemin Pommier 40,5th Floor, CH-1218 Geneva, Switzerland. Ingold, Heather; Mwerinde, Ombeni; Ross, Anna Laura; Leach, Ross, Unitaid, Global Hlth Campus,Chemin Pommier 40,5th Floor, CH-1218 Geneva, Switzerland. Corbett, Elizabeth L., Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clin Res Programm, Blantyre, Malawi. Corbett, Elizabeth L., London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med, Fac Infect \& Trop Dis, London, England. Hatzold, Karin, Populat Serv Int, Washington, DC USA. Johnson, Cheryl C.; Baggaley, Rachel C., WHO, Dept HIV AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland. Johnson, Cheryl C., London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med, Dept Infect \& Trop Dis, London, England. Ncube, Getrude, Zimbabwe Minist Hlth, Harare, Zimbabwe. Nyirenda, Rose, Malawi Minist Hlth, Lilongwe, Malawi.}, DOI = {10.1002/jia2.25249}, Article-Number = {e25249}, EISSN = {1758-2652}, Keywords = {HIV testing; HIV self-testing; market shaping; scale-up; prevention; linkage to care; cost effectiveness}, Keywords-Plus = {RURAL MALAWI; ACCEPTABILITY; POLICY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Immunology; Infectious Diseases}, Author-Email = {ingoldh@who.int}, ORCID-Numbers = {Ingold, Heather/0000-0002-8714-8889 Corbett, Elizabeth/0000-0002-3552-3181 Hatzold, Karin/0000-0002-5117-3732 Johnson, Cheryl/0000-0001-5499-5523}, Number-of-Cited-References = {36}, Times-Cited = {36}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {5}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000462359300008}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000306267900005, Author = {Daumerie, N. and Bacle, S. Vasseur and Giordana, J. -Y. and Mannone, C. Bourdais and Caria, A. and Roelandt, J. -L.}, Title = {Discrimination perceived by people with a diagnosis of schizophrenic disorders. INtemational study of Discrimination and stiGma Outcomes (INDIGO): French results}, Journal = {ENCEPHALE-REVUE DE PSYCHIATRIE CLINIQUE BIOLOGIQUE ET THERAPEUTIQUE}, Year = {2012}, Volume = {38}, Number = {3}, Pages = {224-231}, Month = {JUN}, Abstract = {Introduction. - The INDIGO study (INternational study of Discrimination and stiGma Outcomes) aims at assessing the impact of schizophrenic disorders diagnosis on privacy, social and professional life, in terms of discrimination. In the general population, and even among health and social professionals, erroneous negative stereotypes (double personality, dangerosity) lead to high social distance. And this has an impact on various parts of daily life: employment, housing, compliance, self-esteem... About a tenth of the adult population suffers from mental disorders at any one time. These disorders now account for about 12\% of the global impact of disability, and this will rise to 15\% by the year 2020. People living with schizophrenia, for example, experience reduced social participation, whilst public images of mental illness and social reactions add a dimension of suffering, which has been described as a ``second illness{''}. Stigmatizing attitudes and discriminatory behavior among the general population against people with severe mental illness are common in all countries. Globally, little is known of effective interventions against stigma. It is clear that the negative effects of stigma can act as formidable barriers to active recovery. Methodology. - The INDIGO study intends to establish detailed international data on how stigma and discrimination affect the lives of people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The first aim of the INDIGO study is to conduct qualitative and quantitative interviews with 25 people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia in each participating site, to elicit information on how the condition affects their everyday lives, with a focus upon sites in Europe. The second is to gather data for all participating countries on the laws, policies and regulations which set a clear distinction between people with a diagnosis of mental illness and others, to establish an international profile of such discrimination. A new scale (Discrimination and Stigma Scale {[}DISC]), used in a face-to-face setting was developed. Interviewers asked service users to comment on how far their mental disorder has affected key areas of their lives, including work, marriage and partnerships, housing, leisure, and religious activities. For country-level information, staff at each national site gathered the best available data on whether special legal, policy or administrative arrangements are made for people with a diagnosis of mental illness. These items included, for example, information on access to insurance, financial services, driving licenses, voting, jury service, or travel visas. The INDIGO study is conducted within the framework of the WPA global program to fight stigma and discrimination because of schizophrenia. French interviews occurred in two sites (Lille and Nice) on a sample of 25 patients. Results. - First, expressed disadvantages are high for several items (all relations, work and training, housing). In addition, we wish to highlight three specific points: almost half of the participants (46\%) suffer from not being respected because of contacts with services, 88\% of them felt rejected by people who know their diagnosis, and 76\% hide/conceal their diagnosis. Positive experienced discrimination was rare. Two thirds of participants anticipated discrimination for job seeking and close personal relationships, sometimes with no experienced discrimination. Conclusions. - This study, one of the rare in France adopting the point of view of a stigmatized group, revealed the numerous impacts of a diagnosis of schizophrenic disorders on everyday life. Comparisons between French and international results confirmed that the situation is not different in France, and even highlighted the extent of the stigmatization in the country. (C) L'Encephale, Paris, 2011.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {French}, Affiliation = {Bacle, SV (Corresponding Author), Ctr Collaborateur Org Mondiale Sante Rech \& Forma, Lille, France. Daumerie, N.; Bacle, S. Vasseur; Caria, A.; Roelandt, J. -L., Ctr Collaborateur Org Mondiale Sante Rech \& Forma, Lille, France. Daumerie, N.; Bacle, S. Vasseur; Caria, A.; Roelandt, J. -L., CCOMS EPSM Lille Metropole, F-59370 Mons En Baroeul, France. Giordana, J. -Y., Ctr Hosp St Marie, F-06009 Nice, France. Mannone, C. Bourdais, Ctr Hosp Univ Nice, DIIM, Cimiez, F-06000 Nice, France.}, DOI = {10.1016/j.encep.2011.06.007}, ISSN = {0013-7006}, Keywords = {Schizophrenic disorders; Stigma; Discrimination; Self stigma; Exclusion}, Keywords-Plus = {MENTAL-ILLNESS; SOCIAL DISTANCE; CONSEQUENCES; DEPRESSION}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Neurosciences; Psychiatry}, Author-Email = {svasseurbacle@epsm-lille-metropole.fr}, Number-of-Cited-References = {25}, Times-Cited = {28}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {40}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000306267900005}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000452201800011, Author = {Jensen, Jessica K. and Ciolino, Jody D. and Diebold, Alicia and Segovia, Melissa and Degillio, Aria and Solano-Martinez, Jesus and Tandon, S. Darius}, Title = {Comparing the Effectiveness of Clinicians and Paraprofessionals to Reduce Disparities in Perinatal Depression via the Mothers and Babies Course: Protocol for a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial}, Journal = {JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS}, Year = {2018}, Volume = {7}, Number = {11}, Month = {NOV}, Abstract = {Background: Postpartum depression is highly prevalent in low-income women and has significant health and mental health effects on mother and child. Home visiting (HV) programs provide services to large numbers of perinatal women in the United States and are a logical setting for delivering mental health services. Although there are interventions that reduce the risk of developing postpartum depression among low-income women, none have used nonhealth or nonmental health professionals as interventionists. Objective: This study aimed to outline the protocol of a cluster randomized trial funded by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute that evaluates whether the Mothers and Babies (MB) group intervention, when led by paraprofessional home visitors, is more efficacious than usual care. It will also examine if MB, when led by home visitors, is not inferior to MB delivered by mental health professionals (MHPs). MB has previously demonstrated efficacy when delivered by MHPs, and pilot work indicated promising results using home visitors to deliver the intervention. Methods: A cluster randomized trial is being conducted with 38 HV programs. Sixteen HV programs will deliver MB using MHPs, 16 will deliver MB using paraprofessional home visitors, and 6 will deliver usual HV services. The study employs a modified covariate-constrained randomization design at the site level. We anticipate recruiting 933 women aged >= 16 years enrolled in HV programs, who are 33 or more weeks' gestation and speak either English or Spanish. Women in the 2 intervention arms will receive the 6-session MB group intervention. Baseline, postintervention, 12-week postpartum, and 24-week postpartum assessments will be conducted to assess client outcomes. The primary outcome will be the change in Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report 16 scores from baseline to 24-week follow-up. Secondary outcomes associated with core MB content will also be examined. Semistructured interviews will be conducted with home visitors and MHPs who are group facilitators and 90 study participants to gain data on intervention successes and challenges. Analyses will proceed at the participant level. Primary analyses for depressive symptoms score at 24 weeks postpartum will involve a linear mixed model, controlling for baseline symptoms and other covariates, and random effects to account for clustering. Results: We have recruited 838 women through the end of August 2018. Recruitment will be completed at the end of September 2018. Conclusions: There is considerable potential to disseminate MB to HV programs throughout the United States. Should our results demonstrate home visitor efficacy when compared with usual care and/noninferiority between home visitors and MHPs in improving mental health outcomes, no additional financial resources would be required for the existing HV staff to implement MB. Should this study determine that home visitors are less effective than MHPs, we will generate more wide-scale evidence on MB effectiveness when led by MHPs.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Jensen, JK (Corresponding Author), Northwestern Univ, Ctr Community Hlth, Inst Publ Hlth \& Med, Feinberg Sch Med, 750 N Lake Shore Dr,Suite 680, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Jensen, Jessica K.; Diebold, Alicia; Segovia, Melissa; Degillio, Aria; Solano-Martinez, Jesus; Tandon, S. Darius, Northwestern Univ, Ctr Community Hlth, Inst Publ Hlth \& Med, Feinberg Sch Med, 750 N Lake Shore Dr,Suite 680, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Ciolino, Jody D., Northwestern Univ, Dept Prevent Med, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.}, DOI = {10.2196/11624}, Article-Number = {e11624}, ISSN = {1929-0748}, Keywords = {depression; postpartum; pregnancy; randomized controlled trial; community health}, Keywords-Plus = {IN-HOME CBT; LOW-INCOME; POSTPARTUM DEPRESSION; SYMPTOMS; SCALE; INFANTS; PERCEPTIONS; OUTCOMES; EVENTS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services; Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {jessica.jensen@northwestern.edu}, ORCID-Numbers = {Johnson, Jessica/0000-0001-9482-7225 Diebold, Alicia/0000-0002-1085-9105 Tandon, Darius/0000-0002-3243-903X Solano-Martinez, Jesus/0000-0002-3826-6408}, Number-of-Cited-References = {44}, Times-Cited = {11}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {2}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000452201800011}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000729238200130, Author = {Smith, Rebecca M. and Marroney, Natalie and Beattie, Jenna and Newdick, Abby and Tahtis, Vassilios and Burgess, Caroline and Marsden, Jonathan and Seemungal, Barry M.}, Title = {A mixed methods randomised feasibility trial investigating the management of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in acute traumatic brain injury}, Journal = {PILOT AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES}, Year = {2020}, Volume = {6}, Number = {1}, Abstract = {BackgroundTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of long-term disability in working age adults. Recent studies show that most acute TBI patients demonstrate vestibular features of dizziness and imbalance, often from combined peripheral and central vestibular dysfunction. Effective treatment for vestibular impairments post-TBI is important given its significant adverse impact upon quality of life and employment prospects. The most frequent peripheral vestibular disorder in acute TBI is benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), affecting approximately half of acute cases. Although there is effective treatment for idiopathic BPPV, there are no high-quality clinical data for post-TBI BPPV regarding its prevalence, natural history, which treatment is most effective and when is the best time to treat. In particular, observational studies suggest post-TBI BPPV may be recurrent, indicating that hyperacute treatment of BPPV may be futile. Given the potential hurdles and the lack of accurate post-TBI BPPV data, the current study was designed to provide information regarding the feasibility and optimal design of future large-scale prospective treatment studies that would compare different interventions and their timing for post-TBI BPPV.MethodA multi-centre randomised mixed methods feasibility study design was employed. We aim to recruit approximately 75 acute TBI patients across a range of clinical severities, from three major trauma centres in London. Patients will be randomised to one of three treatment arms: (1) therapist-led manoeuvres, (2) patient-led exercises and (3) advice. Participants will be re-assessed by blinded outcome assessors at 4 and 12weeks. Acceptability of the intervention will be obtained by patient interviews at the end of their treatment and therapist interviews at the end of the study. Primary outcomes relate to feasibility parameters including recruitment and retention rates, adverse events and intervention fidelity. We will also aim to provide a more accurate estimate of the prevalence of BPPV in TBI cases on the trauma ward.DiscussionThe multi-centre nature of our feasibility study will inform the design of a future prospective treatment trial of BPPV in acute TBI. Important parameters we will obtain from this study, key for designing a future prospective treatment study, include estimating the prevalence of BPPV in TBI patients admitted to UK major trauma wards, and elucidating both patient and care-provider barriers in delivering BPPV treatment.Trial registrationISRCTN, ISRCTN91943864. Registered on 10 February 2020.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Smith, RM; Seemungal, BM (Corresponding Author), Imperial Coll London, Dept Brain Sci, Neurootol Unit, Brain \& Vestibular Grp BAVG, London, England. Smith, Rebecca M.; Tahtis, Vassilios; Seemungal, Barry M., Imperial Coll London, Dept Brain Sci, Neurootol Unit, Brain \& Vestibular Grp BAVG, London, England. Marroney, Natalie; Beattie, Jenna; Seemungal, Barry M., Imperial Coll Healthcare NHS Trust, London, England. Newdick, Abby, St Georges Univ Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, London, England. Tahtis, Vassilios, Kings Coll Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, London, England. Burgess, Caroline, Kings Coll London, Populat Hlth Sci, London, England. Marsden, Jonathan, Univ Plymouth, Sch Hlth Profess, Plymouth, Devon, England.}, DOI = {10.1186/s40814-020-00669-z}, Article-Number = {130}, EISSN = {2055-5784}, Keywords = {Feasibility study; Traumatic brain injury; Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; Rehabilitation}, Keywords-Plus = {QUALITY-OF-LIFE; CLINICAL-TRIAL; RISK-FACTORS; DIZZINESS; FALLS; SCALE; DISABILITY; COMMUNITY; VALIDITY; OUTCOMES}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Medicine, Research \& Experimental}, Author-Email = {rmsmi15@ic.ac.uk bmseem@ic.ac.uk}, ORCID-Numbers = {Smith, Rebecca/0000-0003-2628-9861 Seemungal, Barry/0000-0002-6578-0904}, Number-of-Cited-References = {58}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000729238200130}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000727870500009, Author = {Martel, Rhiannon and Shepherd, Matthew and Goodyear-Smith, Felicity}, Title = {Implementing the Routine Use of Electronic Mental Health Screening for Youth in Primary Care: Systematic Review}, Journal = {JMIR MENTAL HEALTH}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {8}, Number = {11}, Month = {NOV 1}, Abstract = {Background: Adolescents often present at primary care clinics with nonspecific physical symptoms when, in fact, they have at least 1 mental health or risk behavior (psychosocial) issue with which they would like help but do not disclose to their care provider. Despite global recommendations, over 50\% of youths are not screened for mental health and risk behavior issues in primary care. Objective: This review aimed to examine the implementation, acceptability, feasibility, benefits, and barriers of e-screening tools for mental health and risk behaviors among youth in primary care settings. Methods: Electronic databases-MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews-were searched for studies on the routine screening of youth in primary care settings. Screening tools needed to be electronic and screen for at least 1 mental health or risk behavior issue. A total of 11 studies that were reported in 12 articles, of which all were from high-income countries, were reviewed. Results: e-Screening was largely proven to be feasible and acceptable to youth and their primary care providers. Preconsultation e-screening facilitated discussions about sensitive issues and increased disclosure by youth. However, barriers such as the lack of time, training, and discomfort in raising sensitive issues with youth continued to be reported. Conclusions: To implement e-screening, clinicians need to change their behaviors, and e-screening processes must become normalized into their workflows. Co-designing and tailoring screening implementation frameworks to meet the needs of specific contexts may be required to ensure that clinicians overcome initial resistances and perceived barriers and adopt the required processes in their work.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Goodyear-Smith, F (Corresponding Author), Univ Auckland, Fac Med \& Hlth Sci, Dept Gen Practice \& Primary Hlth Care, 22 Pk Rd, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. Martel, Rhiannon; Goodyear-Smith, Felicity, Univ Auckland, Fac Med \& Hlth Sci, Dept Gen Practice \& Primary Hlth Care, 22 Pk Rd, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. Shepherd, Matthew, Massey Univ, Sch Psychol, Auckland, New Zealand.}, DOI = {10.2196/30479}, Article-Number = {e30479}, ISSN = {2368-7959}, Keywords = {adolescent; mental health; risk behavior; screening; primary care}, Keywords-Plus = {PEDIATRIC PRIMARY-CARE; INTERVENTIONS; TECHNOLOGY; ALCOHOL; SBIRT; VIEWS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Psychiatry}, Author-Email = {f.goodyear-smith@auckland.ac.nz}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Goodyear-Smith, Felicity/K-2538-2017 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Goodyear-Smith, Felicity/0000-0002-6657-9401 Martel, Rhiannon/0000-0002-0828-2415}, Number-of-Cited-References = {57}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {7}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000727870500009}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000796226800001, Author = {Jennings Mayo-Wilson, Larissa and Yen, Bing-Jie and Nabunya, Proscovia and Bahar, Ozge Sensoy and Wright, Brittanni N. and Kiyingi, Joshua and Filippone, Prema L. and Mwebembezi, Abel and Kagaayi, Joseph and Tozan, Yesim and Nabayinda, Josephine and Witte, Susan S. and Ssewamala, Fred M.}, Title = {Economic Abuse and Care-seeking Practices for HIV and Financial Support Services in Women Employed by Sex Work: A Cross-Sectional Baseline Assessment of a Clinical Trial Cohort in Uganda}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE}, Year = {2023}, Volume = {38}, Number = {1-2}, Pages = {NP1920-NP1949}, Month = {JAN}, Abstract = {Economic hardship is a driver of entry into sex work, which is associated with high HIV risk. Yet, little is known about economic abuse in women employed by sex work (WESW) and its relationship to uptake of HIV prevention and financial support services. This study used cross-sectional baseline data from a multisite, longitudinal clinical trial that tests the efficacy of adding economic empowerment to traditional HIV risk reduction education on HIV incidence in 542 WESW. Mixed effects logistic and linear regressions were used to examine associations in reported economic abuse by demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, HIV care-seeking, and financial care-seeking. Mean age was 31.4 years. Most WESW were unmarried (74\%) and had less than primary school education (64\%). 48\% had savings, and 72\% had debt. 93\% reported at least one economic abuse incident. Common incidents included being forced to ask for money (80\%), having financial information kept from them (61\%), and being forced to disclose how money was spent (56\%). WESW also reported partners/relatives spending money needed for bills (45\%), not paying bills (38\%), threatening them to quit their job(s) (38\%), and using physical violence when earning income (24\%). Married/partnered WESW (OR = 2.68, 95\% CI:1.60-4.48), those with debt (OR = 1.70, 95\% CI:1.04-2.77), and those with sex-work bosses (OR = 1.90, 95\% CI:1.07-3.38) had higher economic abuse. Condomless sex (beta = +4.43, p < .05) was higher among WESW experiencing economic abuse, who also had lower odds of initiating PrEP (OR = .39, 95\% CI:.17-.89). WESW experiencing economic abuse were also more likely to ask for cash among relatives (OR = 2.36, 95\% CI:1.13-4.94) or banks (OR = 2.12, 95\% CI:1.11-4.03). The high prevalence of HIV and economic abuse in WESW underscores the importance of integrating financial empowerment in HIV risk reduction interventions for WESW, including education about economic abuse and strategies to address it. Programs focusing on violence against women should also consider economic barriers to accessing HIV prevention services.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Mayo-Wilson, LJ (Corresponding Author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, 170 Rosenau Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Jennings Mayo-Wilson, Larissa, Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, 170 Rosenau Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Jennings Mayo-Wilson, Larissa, Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Nursing, Commun Global \& Publ Hlth Div, Baltimore, MD USA. Yen, Bing-Jie; Wright, Brittanni N., Indiana Univ, Dept Appl Hlth Sci, Ctr Sexual Hlth Promot, Sch Publ Hlth, Bloomington, IN USA. Nabunya, Proscovia; Bahar, Ozge Sensoy; Kiyingi, Joshua; Nabayinda, Josephine; Ssewamala, Fred M., Washington Univ St Louis, Brown Sch, St Louis, MO USA. Nabunya, Proscovia; Bahar, Ozge Sensoy; Kiyingi, Joshua; Mwebembezi, Abel; Nabayinda, Josephine; Ssewamala, Fred M., Int Ctr Child Hlth \& Dev, Masaka, Uganda. Filippone, Prema L.; Witte, Susan S., Columbia Sch Social Work, New York, NY USA. Mwebembezi, Abel, Reach Youth Uganda, Kampala, Uganda. Kagaayi, Joseph, Rakai Hlth Sci Program, Kalisizo, Uganda. Tozan, Yesim, New York Univ, Coll Global Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA.}, DOI = {10.1177/08862605221093680}, EarlyAccessDate = {MAY 2022}, Article-Number = {08862605221093680}, ISSN = {0886-2605}, EISSN = {1552-6518}, Keywords = {HIV; sexual risk behaviors; economic abuse; female sex workers; violence; Uganda}, Keywords-Plus = {INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; CONDOM USE; RISK-FACTORS; INSECURITY; BEHAVIORS; SCALE; MEN}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Criminology \& Penology; Family Studies; Psychology, Applied}, Author-Email = {larissajmw@gmail.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {DSILVA, BROOKE/HCI-4879-2022 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Jennings Mayo-Wilson, Larissa/0000-0001-9349-2283 Wright, Brittanni/0000-0003-2051-8205}, Number-of-Cited-References = {47}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {3}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {10}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000796226800001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000578286200003, Author = {Fernandez Turienzo, Cristina and Bick, Debra and Briley, Annette L. and Bollard, Mary and Coxon, Kirstie and Cross, Pauline and Silverio, Sergio A. and Singh, Claire and Seed, Paul T. and Tribe, Rachel M. and Shennan, Andrew H. and Sandall, Jane and POPPIE Pilot Collaborative Grp}, Title = {Midwifery continuity of care versus standard maternity care for women at increased risk of preterm birth: A hybrid implementation-effectiveness, randomised controlled pilot trial in the UK}, Journal = {PLOS MEDICINE}, Year = {2020}, Volume = {17}, Number = {10}, Month = {OCT}, Abstract = {Background Midwifery continuity of care is the only health system intervention shown to reduce preterm birth (PTB) and improve perinatal survival, but no trial evidence exists for women with identified risk factors for PTB. We aimed to assess feasibility, fidelity, and clinical outcomes of a model of midwifery continuity of care linked with a specialist obstetric clinic for women considered at increased risk for PTB. Methods and findings We conducted a hybrid implementation-effectiveness, randomised, controlled, unblinded, parallel-group pilot trial at an inner-city maternity service in London (UK), in which pregnant women identified at increased risk of PTB were randomly assigned (1:1) to either midwifery continuity of antenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal care (Pilot study Of midwifery Practice in Preterm birth Including women's Experiences {[}POPPIE] group) or standard care group (maternity care by different midwives working in designated clinical areas). Pregnant women attending for antenatal care at less than 24 weeks' gestation were eligible if they fulfilled one or more of the following criteria: previous cervical surgery, cerclage, premature rupture of membranes, PTB, or late miscarriage; previous short cervix or short cervix this pregnancy; or uterine abnormality and/or current smoker of tobacco. Feasibility outcomes included eligibility, recruitment and attrition rates, and fidelity of the model. The primary outcome was a composite of appropriate and timely interventions for the prevention and/or management of preterm labour and birth. We analysed by intention to treat. Between 9 May 2017 and 30 September 2018, 334 women were recruited; 169 women were allocated to the POPPIE group and 165 to the standard group. Mean maternal age was 31 years; 32\% of the women were from Black, Asian, and ethnic minority groups; 70\% were in employment; and 46\% had a university degree. Nearly 70\% of women lived in areas of social deprivation. More than a quarter of women had at least one pre-existing medical condition and multiple risk factors for PTB. More than 75\% of antenatal and postnatal visits were provided by a named/partner midwife, and a midwife from the POPPIE team was present at 80\% of births. The incidence of the primary composite outcome showed no statistically significant difference between groups (POPPIE group 83.3\% versus standard group 84.7\%; risk ratio 0.98 {[}95\% confidence interval (CI) 0.90 to 1.08]; p = 0.742). Infants in the POPPIE group were significantly more likely to have skin-to-skin contact after birth, to have it for a longer time, and to breastfeed immediately after birth and at hospital discharge. There were no differences in other secondary outcomes. The number of serious adverse events was similar in both groups and unrelated to the intervention (POPPIE group 6 versus standard group 5). Limitations of this study included the limited power and the nonmasking of group allocation; however, study assignment was masked to the statistician and researchers who analysed the data. Conclusions In this study, we found that it is feasible to set up and achieve fidelity of a model of midwifery continuity of care linked with specialist obstetric care for women at increased risk of PTB in an inner-city maternity service in London (UK), but there is no impact on most outcomes for this population group. Larger appropriately powered trials are needed, including in other settings, to evaluate the impact of relational continuity and hypothesised mechanisms of effect based on increased trust and engagement, improved care coordination, and earlier referral on disadvantaged communities, including women with complex social factors and social vulnerability.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Turienzo, CF (Corresponding Author), Kings Coll London, Fac Life Sci \& Med, Dept Women \& Childrens Hlth, London, England. Fernandez Turienzo, Cristina; Silverio, Sergio A.; Singh, Claire; Seed, Paul T.; Tribe, Rachel M.; Shennan, Andrew H.; Sandall, Jane, Kings Coll London, Fac Life Sci \& Med, Dept Women \& Childrens Hlth, London, England. Bick, Debra, Univ Warwick, Warwick Med Sch, Warwick Clin Trials Unit, Coventry, W Midlands, England. Briley, Annette L., Flinders Univ S Australia, Caring Futures Inst, Adelaide, SA, Australia. Bollard, Mary, Lewisham \& Greenwich NHS Trust, Matern Serv, London, England. Coxon, Kirstie, Kingston Univ, Dept Midwifery, London, England. Coxon, Kirstie, St Georges Univ London, London, England. Cross, Pauline, London Borough Lewisham, Dept Publ Hlth, London, England.}, DOI = {10.1371/journal.pmed.1003350}, Article-Number = {e1003350}, ISSN = {1549-1277}, EISSN = {1549-1676}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Medicine, General \& Internal}, Author-Email = {cristina.fernandez\_turienzo@kcl.ac.uk}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Fernandez Turienzo, Cristina/IUM-1522-2023 Sandall, Jane/D-4146-2009 Coxon, KIRSTIE/HGQ-1180-2022 Silverio, Sergio A./Y-7118-2019 Seed, Paul T/C-4435-2008 Bick, Debra/P-9575-2018 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Fernandez Turienzo, Cristina/0000-0002-7393-6593 Sandall, Jane/0000-0003-2000-743X Silverio, Sergio A./0000-0001-7177-3471 Seed, Paul T/0000-0001-7904-7933 Coxon, Kirstie/0000-0001-5480-597X Singh, Claire/0000-0003-1681-8467 Tribe, Rachel/0000-0003-3675-9978 Briley, Annette/0000-0002-4266-920X Bick, Debra/0000-0002-8557-7276 Shennan, Andrew/0000-0001-5273-3132}, Number-of-Cited-References = {30}, Times-Cited = {22}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {12}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000578286200003}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000769088500001, Author = {Tumlinson, Katherine and Britton, Laura E. and Williams, Caitlin R. and Wambua, Debborah Muthoki and Onyango, Dickens Otieno}, Title = {Absenteeism Among Family Planning Providers: A Mixed-Methods Study in Western Kenya}, Journal = {HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {37}, Number = {5}, Pages = {575-586}, Month = {MAY 12}, Abstract = {Public-sector healthcare providers are on the frontline of family planning service delivery in low- and middle-income countries like Kenya, yet research suggests public-sector providers are frequently absent. The current prevalence of absenteeism in Western Kenya, as well as the impact on family planning clients, is unknown. The objective of this paper is to quantify the prevalence of public-sector healthcare provider absenteeism in this region of Kenya, to describe the potential impact on family planning uptake and to source locally-grounded solutions to provider absenteeism. We used multiple data collection methods including unannounced visits to a random sample of 60 public-sector healthcare facilities in Western Kenya, focus group discussions with current and former family planning users, key informant interviews with senior staff from healthcare facilities and both governmental and non-governmental organizations, and journey mapping activities with current family planning providers and clients. We found healthcare providers were absent in nearly 60\% of unannounced visits and, among those present, 19\% were not working at the time of the visit. In 20\% of unannounced visits, the facility had no providers present. Provider absenteeism took many forms including providers arriving late to work, taking an extended lunch break, not returning from lunch, or being absent for the entire day. While 56\% of provider absences resulted from sanctioned activities such as planned vacation, sick leave, or off-site work responsibilities, nearly half of the absences were unsanctioned, meaning providers were reportedly running personal errands, intending to arrive later, or no one at the facility could explain the absence. Key informants and focus group participants reported high provider absence is a substantial barrier to contraceptive use, but solutions for resolving this problem remain elusive. Identification and rigorous evaluation of interventions designed to redress provider absenteeism are needed.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Tumlinson, K (Corresponding Author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Maternal \& Child Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. Tumlinson, K (Corresponding Author), Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. Tumlinson, Katherine; Williams, Caitlin R., Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Maternal \& Child Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. Tumlinson, Katherine, Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. Britton, Laura E., Columbia Univ, Sch Nursing, New York, NY USA. Williams, Caitlin R., Inst Clin Effectiveness \& Hlth Policy, Dept Mother \& Child Hlth, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Wambua, Debborah Muthoki, Innovat Poverty Act Kenya IPA K, Nairobi, Kenya. Onyango, Dickens Otieno, Kisumu Cty Dept Hlth, Kisumu, Kenya. Onyango, Dickens Otieno, Inst Trop Med, Antwerp, Belgium.}, DOI = {10.1093/heapol/czac022}, EarlyAccessDate = {MAR 2022}, ISSN = {0268-1080}, EISSN = {1460-2237}, Keywords = {Absenteeism; low- and middle-income countries; universal health coverage; Kenya; family planning; quality of care; maternal health}, Keywords-Plus = {HEALTH-WORKERS; OUTCOMES; IMPACT}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services; Health Policy \& Services}, Author-Email = {ktumlin@email.unc.edu}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Tumlinson, Katherine/E-6975-2013 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Tumlinson, Katherine/0000-0001-8314-8219 Williams, Caitlin Rain/0000-0002-4925-869X}, Number-of-Cited-References = {28}, Times-Cited = {3}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {2}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000769088500001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000487036600018, Author = {Opara, Stanley Chibuzo and Stanton, Pauline and Wahed, Waheduzzaman}, Title = {For love or money: human resource management in the performing arts}, Journal = {EMPLOYEE RELATIONS}, Year = {2019}, Volume = {41}, Number = {6}, Pages = {1451-1466}, Month = {OCT 7}, Abstract = {Purpose The purpose of this paper is to focus on the perceptions of key stakeholders of the human resource management (HRM) practices and challenges in performing arts organisations in Victoria, Australia. Challenges include the precarious nature of employment in the industry; poor wages and conditions leading to financial insecurity and the domination of the industry by small- and medium-sized organisations. The passion and commitment of the performing arts workforce are both a strength and a weakness in that they ``buy in{''} to the expectations of long hours and unpaid work. These challenges impact on managers and administrators as well as performers and raise many challenges for the HRM function and places constraints on even basic HRM practices. Despite the claims of the stakeholders that the large companies have sophisticated HRM practices the early evidence suggests otherwise. Furthermore, many of these problems cannot be solved at the organisational level and need an industry and government response. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative research approach is used to guide this study as it allows contextual evaluation of the data. Eight key stakeholders interviewed for this study included one official specialising in industrial relations from Live Performance Australia, one official from the Media and Entertainment and Arts Alliance, two government officials from the State government, one with responsibility for working with Performing Arts companies in relation to funding and resources, and the other with responsibility for government arts policy development; two chief executive officers - one from a small arts company and the other from a large arts company; one HR director from a large arts company; and one manager from a small-to-medium-size company. Face-to-face, semi-structured interviews were undertaken to provide an information-rich inquiry. Findings The study suggests that there are considerable barriers to the effective adoption and implementation of HRM in the performing arts. In particular, the research identified four major features that impact on HRM practices in the arts sector. These are: first, the precarious nature of employment, due to the short-term and project focussed work. Second, the reliance on often limited government funding, supplemented by philanthropy, sponsorship and box office takings, leading to short-term and long-term financial insecurity and limited capacity for long-term planning. Third, limited resources and high levels of casualisation which leads to low income, poor working conditions, lack of training and few opportunities for career development. Fourth, despite these difficult conditions, the sector appears to attract a highly motivated and committed workforce including not just performers but also managers and administrators and the sector appears to rely on their passion, commitment and shared endeavour. Originality/value This study contributes to the understanding of HRM systems and practices in the performing arts.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Opara, SC (Corresponding Author), RMIT Univ, Coll Business, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. Opara, Stanley Chibuzo, RMIT Univ, Coll Business, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. Stanton, Pauline, RMIT Univ, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. Wahed, Waheduzzaman, Swinburne Univ Technol, Dept Management \& Mkt, Melbourne, Vic, Australia.}, DOI = {10.1108/ER-05-2018-0128}, ISSN = {0142-5455}, EISSN = {1758-7069}, Keywords = {HRM and creative industry and performing arts; Industrial relations and creative industries and performing arts}, Keywords-Plus = {WORK; HRM; PROFESSIONALS; ORGANIZATION; MATTER}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Industrial Relations \& Labor; Management}, Author-Email = {Stanley.Opara@rmit.edu.au Pauline.stanton@rmit.edu.au wwaheduzzaman@swin.edu.au}, ORCID-Numbers = {Opara, Stanley/0000-0001-8022-5098 Stanton, Pauline/0000-0002-2036-6726}, Number-of-Cited-References = {48}, Times-Cited = {4}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {5}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {33}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000487036600018}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000835888900004, Author = {Gadallah, Mohsen and Amin, Wagdy and Rady, Mervat}, Title = {Household catastrophic total cost due to tuberculosis in Egypt: incidence, cost drivers and policy implication}, Journal = {EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN HEALTH JOURNAL}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {28}, Number = {7}, Pages = {489-497}, Month = {JUL}, Abstract = {Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease that disproportionately affects the poor. The World Health Organization lists economic factors as one of main barriers to tuberculosis management. Aims: This study aimed to estimate the household total catastrophic cost of TB and its determinants among newly diag-nosed Egyptian tuberculous patients. Methods: This was a cohort prospective study covering 257 TB patients registered in 2019. The patients were followed up bi-monthly until the end of the treatment regimen (4 visits). A standardized questionnaire published by the poverty sub-working group of the Stop TB Partnership was used after minor modification. The following costs were measured: pre-diagnosis, direct and indirect, guardian and coping, as well as annual household income. Catastrophic cost (direct plus indirect) was considered if the total cost of TB treatment exceeded 20\% of the household's annual income. Sensitivity analyses were conducted using different thresholds. Results: The incidence of household total catastrophic cost was 24.1\%. The mean total cost of TB treatment was US\$ 198. Over 50\% of the total direct cost was incurred during the pre-diagnosis period. After adjustment for other determinant variables using multivariable logistic regression, we found that age < 30 years, living in a house with crowding index > 2, poverty and coping were more likely to cause higher total catastrophic cost. Conclusions: Catastrophic cost was experienced by 1 out of every 4 new TB patients. As the main cost drivers were pover-ty and coping, the Ministry of Health and Population should be collaborated with Ministry of Finance and NGOs to put a plan of social protection system for poor families with TB patients.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Gadallah, M (Corresponding Author), Ain Shams Univ, Dept Community Med, Fac Med, Cairo, Egypt. Gadallah, Mohsen; Rady, Mervat, Ain Shams Univ, Dept Community Med, Fac Med, Cairo, Egypt. Amin, Wagdy, Minist Hlth \& Populat, Chest Dept, Cairo, Egypt.}, DOI = {10.26719/emhj.22.049}, ISSN = {1020-3397}, EISSN = {1687-1634}, Keywords = {catastrophic cost; tuberculosis; economic burden; cohort study; Egypt}, Keywords-Plus = {ECONOMIC BURDEN; DETERMINANTS; COUNTRIES; ILLNESS; CARE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services; Health Policy \& Services; Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {mohsengadallah@gmail.com}, Number-of-Cited-References = {24}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000835888900004}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000292362000004, Author = {Varekamp, Inge and Verbeek, Jos H. and de Boer, Angela and van Dijk, Frank J. H.}, Title = {Effect of job maintenance training program for employees with chronic disease - a randomized controlled trial on self-efficacy, job satisfaction, and fatigue}, Journal = {SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF WORK ENVIRONMENT \& HEALTH}, Year = {2011}, Volume = {37}, Number = {4}, Pages = {288-297}, Month = {JUL}, Abstract = {Objective Employees with a chronic physical condition may be hampered in job performance due to physical or cognitive limitations, pain, fatigue, psychosocial barriers, or because medical treatment interferes with work. This study investigates the effect of a group-training program aimed at job maintenance. Essential elements of the program are exploration of work-related problems, communication at the workplace, and the development and implementation of solutions. Methods Participants with chronic physical diseases were randomly assigned to the intervention (N=64) or control group (N=58). Participants were eligible for the study if they had a chronic physical disease, paid employment, experienced work-related problems, and were not on long-term 100\% sick leave. Primary outcome measures were self-efficacy in solving work- and disease-related problems (14-70), job dissatisfaction (0-100), fatigue (20-140) and job maintenance measured at 4-, 8-, 12- and 24-month follow-up. We used GLM repeated measures for the analysis. Results After 24 months, loss to follow-up was 5.7\% (7/122). Self-efficacy increased and fatigue decreased significantly more in the experimental than the control group {[}10 versus 4 points (P=0.000) and 19 versus 8 points (P=0.032), respectively]. Job satisfaction increased more in the experimental group but not significantly {[}6 versus 0 points (P=0.698)]. Job maintenance was 87\% in the experimental and 91\% in the control group, which was not a significant difference. Many participants in the control group also undertook actions to solve work-related problems. Conclusions Empowerment training increases self-efficacy and helps to reduce fatigue complaints, which in the long term could lead to more job maintenance. Better understanding of ways to deal with work-related problems is needed to develop more efficient support for employees with a chronic disease.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Varekamp, I (Corresponding Author), Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Coronel Inst Occupat Hlth, Meibergdreef 9, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Varekamp, Inge; Verbeek, Jos H.; de Boer, Angela; van Dijk, Frank J. H., Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Coronel Inst Occupat Hlth, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. Verbeek, Jos H., Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Knowledge Transfer Team, Kuopio, Finland.}, DOI = {10.5271/sjweh.3149}, ISSN = {0355-3140}, EISSN = {1795-990X}, Keywords = {empowerment; occupational health; psychological distress; RCT; training; work-related problem}, Keywords-Plus = {INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; WORK DISABILITY; VOCATIONAL-REHABILITATION; HEALTH; EMPLOYMENT; UNEMPLOYMENT; EMPOWERMENT; RETENTION; WORKPLACE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {i.varekamp@amc.uva.nl}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Verbeek, Jos H.A.M./F-8382-2013 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Verbeek, Jos H.A.M./0000-0002-6537-6100 de Boer, Angela/0000-0003-1942-6848}, Number-of-Cited-References = {47}, Times-Cited = {36}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {5}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {24}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000292362000004}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000173508300006, Author = {Meyer-Rosberg, K and Kvarnstrom, A and Kinnman, E and Gordh, T and Nordfors, LO and Kristofferson, A}, Title = {Peripheral neuropathic pain - a multidimensional burden for patients}, Journal = {EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAIN}, Year = {2001}, Volume = {5}, Number = {4}, Pages = {379-389}, Abstract = {The present study was undertaken to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and burden of illness due to pain and its treatment for patients with peripheral neuropathic pain (PNP). It is the first step in finding reliable instruments/targets to evaluate treatment outcome in this patient population. Study population consisted of 126 patients suffering from neuropathic, pain due to a peripheral nerve or root lesion, recruited from two multidisciplinary pain clinics. HRQoL was examined using Short Form 36 (SF-36) Health Survey and Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). Pain intensity in four categories (at rest and evoked by movement, touch and cold) was rated on a visual analogue scale (VAS). Degree of discomfort from pain and 25 symptoms related to pain and side-effects was also assessed. Reduction in workload due to pain was recorded, as was the pain relief from previous and current treatments and the reasons for discontinuing previous treatments. All dimensions in SF-36 and NHP were significantly impaired. SF-36 was a valid instrument for describing the impact of pain on the HRQoL of patients with PNP. NHP had a lower reliability but has other advantages that might be of importance. Many patients experienced poor pain relief from ongoing pain treatments. Most previous treatments were discontinued owing to lack of efficacy and/or severe side-effects. Many patients experienced a high intensity of at least one type of pain; median VAS for the highest pain intensity score of each patient (any type of pain) was 74/100. Besides pain, patients were most bothered by difficulty in sleeping, lack of energy, drowsiness, difficulty in concentrating and dry mouth. Employment status was reduced owing to pain in 52\% of the patients. The intense pain, other troublesome symptoms, limited efficacy and tolerability of available treatments, together with the impaired health and reduced work status, amount to a substantial burden for patients with PNP. (C) 2001 European Federation of Chapters of the International Association for the Study of Pain.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Astra Pain Control AB, SE-15185 Sodertalje, Sweden. Univ Uppsala Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol \& Intens Care, Acad Hosp, SE-75105 Uppsala, Sweden. Danderyd Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol \& Intens Care, SE-18288 Stockholm, Sweden.}, DOI = {10.1053/eujp.2001.0259}, ISSN = {1090-3801}, EISSN = {1532-2149}, Keywords = {peripheral neuropathic pain; peripheral nerve injury; nerve root lesion; SF-36; Nottingham Health Profile; health related quality of life; rating scale}, Keywords-Plus = {QUALITY-OF-LIFE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; HEALTH SURVEY SF-36; GABAPENTIN; VALIDITY; DISEASE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Anesthesiology; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences}, Author-Email = {karin.meyer-rosberg@quintiles.com}, ORCID-Numbers = {Gordh, Torsten/0000-0003-1454-3148}, Number-of-Cited-References = {25}, Times-Cited = {173}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {17}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000173508300006}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000289592700001, Author = {Carr, S. M. and Lhussier, M. and Forster, N. and Geddes, L. and Deane, K. and Pennington, M. and Visram, S. and White, M. and Michie, S. and Donaldson, C. and Hildreth, A.}, Title = {An evidence synthesis of qualitative and quantitative research on component intervention techniques, effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, equity and acceptability of different versions of health-related lifestyle advisor role in improving health}, Journal = {HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT}, Year = {2011}, Volume = {15}, Number = {9}, Pages = {1+}, Month = {FEB}, Abstract = {Background: There is a need to identify and analyse the range of models developed to date for delivering health-related lifestyle advice (HRLA), or training, for effectiveness and cost-effectiveness in improving the health and well-being of individuals and communities in the UK, with particular reference to the reduction of inequalities. Objectives: To identify the component intervention techniques of lifestyle advisors (LAs) in the UK and similar contexts, and the outcomes of HRLA interventions. Data sources: Stakeholder views, secondary analysis of the National Survey of Health Trainer Activity, telephone survey of health trainer leads/coordinators. A search of a range of electronic databases was undertaken {[}including the Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA), EMBASE, NHS Economic Evaluation Database (NHS EED), MEDLINE, Psyc INFO, etc.], as well searching relevant journals and reference lists, conducted from inception to September 2008. Review methods: Identified studies were scanned by two reviewers and those meeting the following criteria were included: studies carrying out an evaluation of HRLA; those taking place in developed countries similar to the UK context; those looking at adult groups; interventions with the explicit aim of health improvement; interventions that involved paid or voluntary work with an individual or group of peers acting in an advisory role; advice delivered by post, online or electronically; training, support or counselling delivered to patients, communities or members of the public. After quality assessment, studies were selected for inclusion in the review. Data were abstracted from each study according to an agreed procedure and narrative, and realist and economic approaches were used to synthesise the data. Cost-effectiveness analysis of interventions was undertaken. Results: In total, 269 studies were identified but 243 were excluded. The 26 included studies addressing chronic care, mental health, breastfeeding, smoking, diet and physical activity, screening and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection prevention. Overall, there was insufficient evidence to either support or refute the use of LAs to promote health and improve quality of life (QoL), and thus uncertainty about the interventions' cost-effectiveness. However, the economic analysis showed that LA interventions were cost-effective in chronic care and smoking cessation, inconclusive for breastfeeding and mental health and not cost-effective for screening uptake and diet/physical activity. LA interventions for HIV prevention were cost-effective, but not in a UK context. Limitations: The wide variety of LA models, delivery settings and target populations prevented the reviewers from establishing firm causal relationships between intervention mode and study outcomes. Conclusions: Evidence was variable, giving only limited support to LAs having a positive impact on health knowledge, behaviours and outcomes. Levels of acceptability appeared to be high. LAs acted as translational agents, sometimes removing barriers to prescribed behaviour or helping to create facilitative social environments. Reporting of processes of accessing or capitalising on indigenous knowledge was limited. Ambiguity was apparent with respect to the role and impact of lay and peer characteristics of the interventions. A future programme of research on HRLA could benefit from further emphasis on identification of needs, the broadening of population focus and intervention aims, the measurement of outcomes and the reviewing of evidence.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Carr, SM (Corresponding Author), Northumbria Univ, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, Tyne \& Wear, England. Carr, S. M.; Lhussier, M.; Forster, N.; Geddes, L.; Visram, S.; Hildreth, A., Northumbria Univ, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, Tyne \& Wear, England. Deane, K.; Pennington, M.; White, M.; Donaldson, C., Newcastle Univ, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne \& Wear, England. Deane, K., Univ E Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. Michie, S., UCL, London, England.}, DOI = {10.3310/hta15090}, ISSN = {1366-5278}, EISSN = {2046-4924}, Keywords-Plus = {RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; DISEASE SELF-MANAGEMENT; SMOKING TREATMENT SERVICES; PSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOM INDEX; BREAST-FEEDING PRACTICES; HIV PREVENTION; PUBLIC-HEALTH; LOW-INCOME; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {White, Martin J. R./G-2410-2010 Deane, Katherine/E-4030-2010 Pennington, Mark/AAS-9946-2020 Michie, Susan/A-1745-2010 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Deane, Katherine/0000-0002-0805-2708 Pennington, Mark/0000-0002-1392-8700 Lhussier, Monique/0000-0001-9383-2356 Carr, Susan/0000-0003-4722-985X Michie, Susan/0000-0003-0063-6378 Donaldson, Cam/0000-0003-4670-5340 Visram, Shelina/0000-0001-9576-2689 Forster, Natalie/0000-0001-8039-7017}, Number-of-Cited-References = {394}, Times-Cited = {44}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {51}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000289592700001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000300462800001, Author = {Harris, J. and Felix, L. and Miners, A. and Murray, E. and Michie, S. and Ferguson, E. and Free, C. and Lock, K. and Landon, J. and Edwards, P.}, Title = {Adaptive e-learning to improve dietary behaviour: a systematic review and cost-effectiveness analysis}, Journal = {HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT}, Year = {2011}, Volume = {15}, Number = {37}, Pages = {1+}, Month = {OCT}, Abstract = {Background: UK public health policy strongly advocates dietary change for the improvement of population health and emphasises the importance of individual empowerment to improve health. A new and evolving area in the promotion of dietary behavioural change is `e-learning', the use of interactive electronic media to facilitate teaching and learning on a range of issues including health. The high level of accessibility, combined with emerging advances in computer processing power, data transmission and data storage, makes interactive e-learning a potentially powerful and cost-effective medium for improving dietary behaviour. Objective: This review aims to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of adaptive e-learning interventions for dietary behaviour change, and also to explore potential psychological mechanisms of action and components of effective interventions. Data sources: Electronic bibliographic databases (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, The Cochrane Library, Dissertation Abstracts, EMBASE, Education Resources Information Center, Global Health, Health Economic Evaluations Database, Health Management Information Consortium, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Web of Science) were searched for the period January 1990 to November 2009. Reference lists of included studies and previous reviews were also screened; authors were contacted and trial registers were searched. Review methods: Studies were included if they were randomised controlled trials, involving participants aged >= 13 years, which evaluated the effectiveness of interactive software programs for improving dietary behaviour. Primary outcomes were measures of dietary behaviours, including estimated intakes or changes in intake of energy, nutrients, dietary fibre, foods or food groups. Secondary outcome measures were clinical outcomes such as anthropometry or blood biochemistry. Psychological mediators of dietary behaviour change were also investigated. Two review authors independently screened results and extracted data from included studies, with any discrepancies settled by a third author. Where studies reported the same outcome, the results were pooled using a random-effects model, with weighted mean differences (WMDs), and 95\% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Cost-effectiveness was assessed in two ways: through a systematic literature review and by building a de novo decision model to assess the cost-effectiveness of a `generic' e-learning device compared with dietary advice delivered by a health-care professional. Results: A total of 36,379 titles were initially identified by the electronic searches, of which 43 studies were eligible for inclusion in the review. All e-learning interventions were delivered in high-income countries. The most commonly used behavioural change techniques reported to have been used were goal setting; feedback on performance; information on consequences of behaviour in general; barrier identification/problem solving; prompting self-monitoring of behaviour; and instruction on how to perform the behaviour. There was substantial heterogeneity in the estimates of effect. E-learning interventions were associated with a WMD of +0.24 (95\% CI 0.04 to 0.44) servings of fruit and vegetables per day; -0.78g (95\% CI -2.5g to 0.95g) total fat consumed per day; -0.24g (95\% CI -1.44g to 0.96g) saturated fat intake per day; -1.4\% (95\% CI -2.5\% to -0.3\%) of total energy consumed from fat per day; +1.45g (95\% CI -0.02g to 2.92g) dietary fibre per day; +4 kcal (95\% CI -85 kcal to 93 kcal) daily energy intake; -0.1 kg/m(2) (95\% CI -0.7 kg/m(2) to 0.4 kg/m(2)) change in body mass index. The base-case results from the E-Learning Economic Evaluation Model suggested that the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was approximately 102,112 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY). Expected value of perfect information (EVPI) analysis showed that although the individual-level EVPI was arguably negligible, the population-level value was between 37M pound and 170M pound at a willingness to pay of 20,000-30,000 pound per additional QALY. Limitations: The limitations of this review include potential reporting bias, incomplete retrieval of completed research studies and data extraction errors. Conclusion: The current clinical and economic evidence base suggests that e-learning devices designed to promote dietary behaviour change will not produce clinically significant changes in dietary behaviour and are at least as expensive as other individual behaviour change interventions. Future work recommendations: Despite the relatively high EVPI results from the cost-effectiveness modelling, further clinical trials of individual e-learning interventions should not be undertaken until theoretically informed work that addresses the question of which characteristics of the target population, target behaviour, content and delivery of the intervention are likely to lead to positive results, is completed.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Edwards, P (Corresponding Author), London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med, Fac Epidemiol \& Populat Hlth, London WC1, England. Harris, J.; Felix, L.; Ferguson, E.; Free, C.; Edwards, P., London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med, Fac Epidemiol \& Populat Hlth, London WC1, England. Miners, A.; Lock, K., London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med, Fac Publ Hlth \& Policy, London WC1, England. Murray, E., UCL, Res Dept Primary Care \& Populat Hlth, London, England. Michie, S., UCL, Res Dept Clin Educ \& Hlth Psychol, London, England. Landon, J., Natl Heart Forum, London, England.}, DOI = {10.3310/hta15370}, ISSN = {1366-5278}, EISSN = {2046-4924}, Keywords-Plus = {TAILORED NUTRITION INTERVENTION; FAT INTAKE INTERVENTION; REDUCING RISK-FACTORS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; WEIGHT-LOSS; VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; SMOKING-CESSATION; SELF-EFFICACY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Michie, Susan/A-1745-2010 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Michie, Susan/0000-0003-0063-6378 Edwards, Phil/0000-0003-4431-8822 Murray, Elizabeth/0000-0002-8932-3695 Harris, Jody/0000-0002-3369-1253 Felix, Lambert/0000-0001-6517-9089 Free, Caroline/0000-0003-1711-0006}, Number-of-Cited-References = {122}, Times-Cited = {56}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {77}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000300462800001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000458981500016, Author = {Nurymova, S. and Yessentay, A. and Khalitova, M. and Jumabayev, Y. and Zainal, Mohd-Pisal}, Title = {KAZAKHSTANI FINANCIAL SECTOR PERFORMANCE FEATURES UNDER CURRENT CONDITIONS}, Journal = {BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN}, Year = {2019}, Number = {1}, Pages = {130-144}, Month = {JAN-FEB}, Abstract = {The financial sector is one of the most, if not the most significant economic sector in modern societies. In advanced countries, it employs more people than major manufacturing industries combined and accounts for a high percentage of the Gross Domestic Product. But the financial services sector also plays a large indirect role in national economies. The financial sector mobilizes savings and allocates credit across space and time, and enables firms and households to cope with uncertainties by hedging, pooling, sharing and pricing risks. This ultimately improves the quantity and quality of real investments and increases income per capita and raises standards of living. Today financial institutions are experiencing unprecedented change in a competitive global environment. The existing model of the financial system of Kazakhstan requires modernization in order to increase the possibilities to finance strategically important areas in the economy and society. In turn, the state should change its policy of active financing to the policy of active stimulation. The purpose of writing this article and making research was to justify a model of an investment and financial system with a financial center, capable for the formation of a knowledge-based economy and the creation of an infrastructure of intellectual modernization of society. We highlighted the existing conceptual approaches to the financial support of a knowledge-based economy and social and intellectual modernization of society in the article. The analysis of the banking and insurance sectors of the economy, the insurance market and the stock market was carried out, and the positive aspects and advantages of creating a financial center - AIFC were highlighted. In addition, the work revealed the peculiarities of the participation of the financial system of Kazakhstan in the development of knowledge-intensive sectors of the economy and the intellectual renewal of society, and also highlighted the factors and conditions for restarting the financial system of Kazakhstan and determining the model of investment and financial system. The world experience in the use of tools and methods for financing high-tech industries has been studied, which made it possible to determine the general principles for financing a knowledge-intensive economy.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Nurymova, S (Corresponding Author), Minist Educ \& Sci Republ Kazakhstan, Inst Econ, Comm Sci, Astana, Kazakhstan. Nurymova, S.; Yessentay, A.; Khalitova, M.; Jumabayev, Y., Minist Educ \& Sci Republ Kazakhstan, Inst Econ, Comm Sci, Astana, Kazakhstan. Zainal, Mohd-Pisal, Univ Reading, Gelang Patah, Malaysia.}, DOI = {10.32014/2019.2518-1467.16}, ISSN = {1991-3494}, EISSN = {2518-1467}, Keywords = {Kazakhstan; Knowledge-based economy; Economy; Intellectual and Spiritual modernization; Knowledge-intensive industry; Financing}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Multidisciplinary Sciences}, Author-Email = {nurymova\_saule@mail.r aigera588@mail.ru madinakhalidi@mail.ru y.dzhumabaev@gmail.com m.zainal@reading.ac.uk}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Khalitova, Madina/AAG-7026-2021 Nurymova, Saule/AAP-4905-2020 Zainal, Mohd Pisal/AHE-7987-2022}, ORCID-Numbers = {Khalitova, Madina/0000-0001-9564-5503 Nurymova, Saule/0000-0003-0085-0884 }, Number-of-Cited-References = {4}, Times-Cited = {2}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {5}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000458981500016}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000779196200001, Author = {Palmer, Russell H. and Moulton, Morgan K. and Stone, Rebecca H. and Lavender, Devin L. and Fulford, Michael and Phillips, Beth Bryles}, Title = {The impact of synchronous hybrid instruction on students engagement in a pharmacotherapy course}, Journal = {PHARMACY PRACTICE-GRANADA}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {20}, Number = {1}, Month = {JAN-MAR}, Abstract = {Background: Background: Synchronous hybrid instruction offers flexible learning opportunities by allowing a portion of students to attend class sessions on campus while simultaneously allowing the remaining students to attend remotely. Although such flexibility may offer a number of advantages for pharmacy students, one area of concern is whether online participation options within synchronous hybrid courses can promote similar levels of engagement as courses that are designed entirely for face-to-face (FTF) participation. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of synchronous hybrid instruction on pharmacy students' engagement in a pharmacotherapy course. An evaluation was completed to determine if students were more likely to actively engage in class when they were participating remotely via teleconferencing technology or when FTF. Additionally, students' perspectives were evaluated to determine their views of the benefits and challenges of the hybrid model for engagement in learning. Methods: The course utilizes team-based learning to apply critical thinking skills and develop a comprehensive care plan. A mixed methods approach was used to examine students' engagement in the hybrid learning environment by quantitatively analyzing students' responses to likert-scale survey items and qualitatively analyzing their responses to open-ended survey questions. Results: Students reported they were more likely to actively listen (p=0.004), avoid distractions (p=0.008), and react emotionally to a topic or instruction (p=0.045) when FTF. There were no significant differences found in student reported note taking, asking questions, responding to questions, or engaging in group work between the two modes of participation. Content analysis identified other benefits that supported student engagement, including perceived flexibility and enhanced ability to interact during class via the teleconferencing technology. For some students, challenges that negatively impacted engagement included difficulties with internet connectivity and a sense of dislocation or isolation in the course. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that when participating in a synchronous hybrid course, students participating remotely were less likely (compared to in-person attendance) to pay close attention and react emotionally, but were just as likely to take notes and communicate with teachers and groups. Key benefits of the hybrid approach were increased flexibility and the usefulness of online communication tools, while key challenges focused on technical and psychological isolation from others. The principles of flexible learning environments and self-regulated learning provide opportunities for pharmacy educators who are interested in improving hybrid instruction in the future.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Palmer, RH (Corresponding Author), Univ Georgia, Coll Pharm, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Palmer, Russell H.; Stone, Rebecca H.; Lavender, Devin L., Univ Georgia, Coll Pharm, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Moulton, Morgan K., Dept Vet Affairs, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. Fulford, Michael, Univ Georgia, Inst Effectiveness \& Strateg Initiat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Phillips, Beth Bryles, Univ Georgia, Coll Pharm, Residency Programs, Athens, GA 30602 USA.}, DOI = {10.18549/PharmPract.2022.1.2611}, Article-Number = {2611}, ISSN = {1885-642X}, EISSN = {1886-3655}, Keywords = {Distance learning; Online learning; Self-Directed learning; Pharmacy education; Pharmacy students}, Keywords-Plus = {ONLINE; ENVIRONMENTS; AFFORDANCES; TECHNOLOGY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Pharmacology \& Pharmacy}, Author-Email = {rpalmer@uga.edu morganmoulton@gmail.com rhstone@uga.edu devin.lavender@uga.edu mfulford@uga.edu bbp@uga.edu}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Lavender, Devin/HNQ-7038-2023 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Lavender, Devin/0000-0002-6770-1974 Fulford, Michael/0000-0002-9706-2819}, Number-of-Cited-References = {30}, Times-Cited = {2}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {4}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {7}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000779196200001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000971580700001, Author = {GebreEyesus, Fisha Alebel and Geleta, Omega Tolessa and Shiferaw, Bisrat Zeleke and Tarekegn, Tadesse Tsehay and Amlak, Baye Tsegaye and Emeria, Mamo Solomon and Terefe, Tamene Fetene and Temere, Bogale Chekole and Mewahegn, Agerie Aynalem and Jimma, Melkamu Senbeta and Chanie, Ermias Sisay and Misganaw, Natnael Moges and Degu, Fatuma Seid and Eshetu, Menen Amare}, Title = {Health care providers? preparedness and health care protection against the third wave of COVID-19 pandemics in a resource-limited setting in Southwest Ethiopia: a multi-center cross-sectional study}, Journal = {PAN AFRICAN MEDICAL JOURNAL}, Year = {2023}, Volume = {44}, Month = {JAN 26}, Abstract = {Introduction: the provision of quality health care during the COVID-19 pandemic depends largely on the health of health care providers. Health care providers' as frontline caregivers dealing with infected patients play a significant role in limiting the outbreak of the disease by implementing safety and prevention practices. However, low and middle -income countries experience barriers to preparedness due to limited resources. Methods: an institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 326 health care providers' from August 10-25, 2021 in Gurage zonal public hospitals. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. A pretested self-administered structured questionnaire was used as a data collection tool. The data were entered into the Epi-data 3.1 and exported to Statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 25.0 for analysis. Both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were presented. Results: this study showed that 53.1\%, of health care providers', had adequate preparation against COVID-19 pandemics. The finding showed that monthly income, occupation, and working experience were found to be significantly associated with health care providers' preparedness. Nearly one-quarter (24.8\%), 28.3\%, 34.5\%, and 39.8\% of health care providers had access to facemasks, alcohol sanitizer, glove, and isolation gowns respectively. Conclusion: the levels of health care providers' preparedness and health care protection against the third wave COVID-19 pandemic were found to be low. Based on our findings, the government and other stakeholders should design interventions to increase health care providers' preparedness to respond to the ongoing pandemic and purchase an adequate supply of personal protective equipment to protect the health care providers.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {GebreEyesus, FA (Corresponding Author), Wolkite Univ, Coll Med \& Hlth Sci, Dept Nursing, Wolkite, Ethiopia. GebreEyesus, Fisha Alebel; Geleta, Omega Tolessa; Shiferaw, Bisrat Zeleke; Tarekegn, Tadesse Tsehay; Amlak, Baye Tsegaye; Emeria, Mamo Solomon; Terefe, Tamene Fetene; Temere, Bogale Chekole; Mewahegn, Agerie Aynalem, Wolkite Univ, Coll Med \& Hlth Sci, Dept Nursing, Wolkite, Ethiopia. Jimma, Melkamu Senbeta, Assosa Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Nursing, Assosa, Ethiopia. Chanie, Ermias Sisay; Misganaw, Natnael Moges, Debre Tabor Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat \& Neonatal Nursing, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia. Degu, Fatuma Seid, Wollo Univ, Coll Med \& Hlth Sci, Dept Nursing, Wollo, Ethiopia. Eshetu, Menen Amare, Mizan Tepi Univ, Coll Med \& Hlth Sci, Dept Nursing, Mizan Tepi, Ethiopia.}, DOI = {10.11604/pamj.2023.44.53.31428}, Article-Number = {53}, EISSN = {1937-8688}, Keywords = {Healthcare providers; health care workers; preparedness; COVID-19; Gurage}, Keywords-Plus = {AWARENESS; KNOWLEDGE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {fishalebel@gmail.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {GebreEyesus, Fisha Alebel/AAH-7185-2021}, ORCID-Numbers = {GebreEyesus, Fisha Alebel/0000-0001-7358-0577}, Number-of-Cited-References = {59}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000971580700001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000991974800067, Author = {Mohammed, Shamsudeen}, Title = {Analysis of national and subnational prevalence of adolescent pregnancy and changes in the associated sexual behaviours and sociodemographic determinants across three decades in Ghana, 1988-2019}, Journal = {BMJ OPEN}, Year = {2023}, Volume = {13}, Number = {3}, Month = {FEB}, Abstract = {Objective Understanding the determinants of adolescent pregnancy and how they have changed over time is essential for measuring progress and developing strategies to improve adolescent reproductive health. This study examined changes over time in the prevalence and determinants of adolescent pregnancy in Ghana. Methods A total of 11 nationally representative surveys from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (1988, 1993, 1998, 2003, 2008, 2014), Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (2006, 2011, 2017-2018) and Malaria Indicator Survey (2016 and 2019) provided data on 14556 adolescent girls aged 15-19 for this analysis. A random-effect meta-analysis, time trends and multivariable logistic regression models were used to track the prevalence and determinants of adolescent pregnancy. Results The pooled prevalence of adolescent pregnancy in Ghana was 15.4\% (95\% CI=13.49\% to 17.30\%). Rural areas (19.5\%) had a higher prevalence of adolescent pregnancy than urban areas (10.6\%). In the overall sample, middle adolescents (15-17 years) (aOR=0.30, 95\% CI=0.23 to 0.39), adolescents in urban areas (aOR=0.56, 95\% CI=0.43 to 0.74), large households (aOR=0.62, 95\% CI=0.49 to 0.78), not working (aOR=0.62, 95\% CI=0.43 to 0.90) and those unaware of contraceptive methods (aOR=0.49, 95\% CI=0.27 to 0.90) were less likely to become pregnant. Adolescents from middle-income (aOR=0.91, 95\% CI=0.67 to 1.24) or high-income (aOR=0.59, 95\%CI=0.36 to 0.94) households, those who were semiliterate (aOR=0.56, 95\%CI=0.39 to 0.82) or literate (aOR=0.28, 95\%CI=0.21 to 0.37) and those with fewer previous sex partners were less likely to become pregnant. Not all determinants in the overall sample were consistently associated with adolescent pregnancy in the last three decades. Between 1988 and 1998, determinants of adolescent pregnancy were age, literacy, employment, household size and whether the mother was alive. Between 2003 and 2008, age, literacy, household size, income, age of last sexual partner, number of previous partners and contraception knowledge determined adolescent pregnancy. From 2011 to 2019, age, residence, literacy and menstrual cycle knowledge were determinants of adolescent pregnancy. Conclusion Interventions and policies to prevent adolescent pregnancy should prioritise adolescents from disadvantaged backgrounds.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Mohammed, S (Corresponding Author), London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med, Dept Noncommunicable Dis Epidemiol, London, England. Mohammed, Shamsudeen, London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med, Dept Noncommunicable Dis Epidemiol, London, England.}, DOI = {10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068117}, Article-Number = {e068117}, ISSN = {2044-6055}, Keywords = {Epidemiology; Public health; REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Medicine, General \& Internal}, Author-Email = {Shamsudeen.Mohammed1@lshtm.ac.uk}, Number-of-Cited-References = {30}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000991974800067}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000787760200003, Author = {Slezak, Emilia and Unger, Holger and Gadama, Luis and McCauley, Mary}, Title = {Screening for infectious maternal morbidity-knowledge, attitudes and perceptions among healthcare providers and managers in Malawi: a qualitative study}, Journal = {BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {22}, Number = {1}, Month = {APR 26}, Abstract = {Background Maternal morbidity and mortality related to infection is an international public health concern, but detection and assessment is often difficult as part of routine maternity care in many low- and middle-income countries due to lack of easily accessible diagnostics. Front-line healthcare providers are key for the early identification and management of the unwell woman who may have infection. We sought to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of the use of screening tools to detect infectious maternal morbidity during and after pregnancy as part of routine antenatal and postnatal care. Enabling factors, barriers, and potential management options for the use of early warning scores were explored. Methods Key informant interviews (n = 10) and two focus group discussions (n = 14) were conducted with healthcare providers and managers (total = 24) working in one large tertiary public hospital in Blantyre, Malawi. Transcribed interviews were coded by topic and then grouped into categories. Thematic framework analysis was undertaken to identify emerging themes. Results Most healthcare providers are aware of the importance of the early detection of infection and would seek to better identify women with infection if resources were available to do so. In current practice, an early warning score was used in the high dependency unit only. Routine screening was not in place in the antenatal or postnatal departments. Barriers to implementing routine screening included lack of trained staff and time, lack of thermometers, and difficulties with the interpretation of the early warning scores. A locally adapted early warning screening tool was considered an enabler to implementing routine screening for infectious morbidity. Local ownership and clinical leadership were considered essential for successful and sustainable implementation for clinical change. Conclusions Although healthcare providers considered infection during and after pregnancy and childbirth a danger sign and significant morbidity, standardised screening for infectious maternal morbidity was not part of routine antenatal or postnatal care. The establishment of such a service requires the availability of free and easy to access rapid diagnostic testing, training in interpretation of results, as well as affordable targeted treatment. The implementation of early warning scores and processes developed in high-income countries need careful consideration and validation when applied to women accessing care in low resource settings.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {McCauley, M (Corresponding Author), Liverpool Womens Hosp, Liverpool Womens NHS Fdn Trust, Crown St, Liverpool L8 7SS, Merseyside, England. Slezak, Emilia; Unger, Holger; McCauley, Mary, Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Ctr Maternal \& Newborn Hlth, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. Unger, Holger, Royal Darwin Hosp, Dept Obstet \& Gynaecol, Darwin, NT, Australia. Unger, Holger, Charles Darwin Univ, Menzies Sch Hlth Res, Darwin, NT, Australia. Gadama, Luis, Queen Elizabeth Hosp, Blantyre, Malawi. McCauley, Mary, Liverpool Womens Hosp, Liverpool Womens NHS Fdn Trust, Crown St, Liverpool L8 7SS, Merseyside, England.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12884-022-04583-5}, Article-Number = {362}, EISSN = {1471-2393}, Keywords = {Maternal morbidity; Infections; Early warning scores; Healthcare providers; Antenatal care; Postnatal care; SARS-CoV-2}, Keywords-Plus = {INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE SYNDROME; WARNING SYSTEM; IMPLEMENTATION; BARRIERS; MORTALITY; CRITERIA; OUTCOMES; IMPROVE; SEPSIS; EWS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Obstetrics \& Gynecology}, Author-Email = {mary.mccauley1@lwh.nhs.uk}, Number-of-Cited-References = {50}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {1}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000787760200003}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000644071000002, Author = {Flanagan, Sara V. and Razafinamanana, Tina and Warren, Charlotte and Smith, Jana}, Title = {Barriers inhibiting effective detection and management of postpartum hemorrhage during facility-based births in Madagascar: findings from a qualitative study using a behavioral science lens}, Journal = {BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {21}, Number = {1}, Month = {APR 22}, Abstract = {Background Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the leading cause of maternal mortality in low-income countries, and is the most common direct cause of maternal deaths in Madagascar. Studies in Madagascar and other low-income countries observe low provider adherence to recommended practices for PPH prevention and treatment. Our study addresses gaps in the literature by applying a behavioral science lens to identify barriers inhibiting facility-based providers' consistent following of PPH best practices in Madagascar. Methods In June 2019, we undertook a cross-sectional qualitative research study in peri-urban and rural areas of the Vatovavy-Fitovinany region of Madagascar. We conducted 47 in-depth interviews in 19 facilities and five communities, with facility-based healthcare providers, postpartum women, medical supervisors, community health volunteers, and traditional birth attendants, and conducted thematic analysis of the transcripts. Results We identified seven key behavioral insights representing a range of factors that may contribute to delays in appropriate PPH management in these settings. Findings suggest providers' perceived low risk of PPH may influence their compliance with best practices, subconsciously or explicitly, and lead them to undervalue the importance of PPH prevention and monitoring measures. Providers lack clear feedback on specific components of their performance, which ultimately inhibits continuous improvement of compliance with best practices. Providers demonstrate great resourcefulness while operating in a challenging context with limited equipment, supplies, and support; however, overcoming these challenges remains their foremost concern. This response to chronic scarcity is cognitively taxing and may ultimately affect clinical decision-making. Conclusions Our study reveals how perception of low risk of PPH, limited feedback on compliance with best practices and consequences of current practices, and a context of scarcity may negatively affect provider decision-making and clinical practices. Behaviorally informed interventions, designed for specific contexts that care providers operate in, can help improve quality of care and health outcomes for women in labor and childbirth.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Flanagan, SV (Corresponding Author), Ideas42, 80 Broad St Fl 30, New York, NY 10004 USA. Flanagan, Sara V.; Razafinamanana, Tina; Smith, Jana, Ideas42, 80 Broad St Fl 30, New York, NY 10004 USA. Warren, Charlotte, Populat Council, 4301 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20008 USA.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12884-021-03801-w}, Article-Number = {320}, EISSN = {1471-2393}, Keywords = {Maternal mortality; Postpartum hemorrhage; Healthcare provider; Madagascar; Facility-based birth; Behavioral barriers}, Keywords-Plus = {3RD STAGE; ACTIVE MANAGEMENT; RISK PERCEPTION; CONDOM USE; LABOR; IMPLEMENTATION; FEEDBACK}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Obstetrics \& Gynecology}, Author-Email = {sara@ideas42.org}, Number-of-Cited-References = {33}, Times-Cited = {4}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {1}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000644071000002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000355304300001, Author = {van Stiphout, F. and Zwart-van Rijkom, J. E. F. and Aarts, J. E. C. M. and Koffijberg, H. and Klarenbeek-deJonge, E. and Krulder, M. and Roes, K. C. B. and Egberts, A. C. G. and ter Braak, E. W. M. T.}, Title = {MEDUCATE trial: effectiveness of an intensive EDUCATional intervention for IT-mediated MEDication management in the outpatient clinic - study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial}, Journal = {TRIALS}, Year = {2015}, Volume = {16}, Month = {MAY 22}, Abstract = {Background: Using information technology for medication management is an opportunity to help physicians to improve the quality of their documentation and communication and ultimately to improve patient care and patient safety. Physician education is necessary to take full advantage of information technology systems. In this trial, we seek to determine the effectiveness of an intensive educational intervention compared with the standard approach in improving information technology-mediated medication management and in reducing potential adverse drug events in the outpatient clinic. Methods/Design: We are conducting a multicenter, cluster randomized controlled trial. The participants are specialists and residents working in the outpatient clinic of internal medicine, cardiology, pulmonology, geriatrics, gastroenterology and rheumatology. The intensive educational intervention is composed of a small-group session and e-learning. The primary outcome is discrepancies between registered medication (by physicians) and actually used medication (by patients). The key secondary outcomes are potential adverse events caused by missed drug-drug interactions. The primary and key secondary endpoints are being assessed shortly after the educational intervention is completed. Sample size will be calculated to ensure sufficient power. A sample size of 40 physicians per group and 20 patients per physician will ensure a power of >90 \%, which means we will need a total of 80 physicians and 1,600 patients. Discussion: We performed an exploratory trial wherein we tested the recruitment process, e-learning, time schedule, and methods for data collection, data management and data analysis. Accordingly, we refined the processes and content: the recruitment strategy was intensified, extra measures were taken to facilitate smooth conductance of the e-learning and parts were made optional. First versions of the procedures for data collection were determined. Data entry and analysis was further standardized by using the G-standard database in the telephone questionnaire.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {van Stiphout, F (Corresponding Author), Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Internal Med, Hijmans van den Berghgebouw Kamer 4-21, NL-3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands. van Stiphout, F.; ter Braak, E. W. M. T., Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Internal Med, NL-3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands. van Stiphout, F.; ter Braak, E. W. M. T., Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Ctr Res \& Dev Educ, NL-3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands. Zwart-van Rijkom, J. E. F.; Egberts, A. C. G., Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Clin Pharm, NL-3584 CX Utrecht, Netherlands. Zwart-van Rijkom, J. E. F.; Egberts, A. C. G., Univ Utrecht, Fac Sci, Utrecht Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Div Pharmacoepidemiol \& Clin Pharmacol, NL-3508 TB Utrecht, Netherlands. Aarts, J. E. C. M., Erasmus Univ, Inst Hlth Policy \& Management, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Aarts, J. E. C. M., SUNY Buffalo, Sch Med \& Biomed Sci, Dept Biomed Informat, Buffalo, NY 14203 USA. Koffijberg, H., Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Julius Ctr, Dept Hlth Technol Assessment, NL-3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands. Klarenbeek-deJonge, E.; Krulder, M., Univ Utrecht, Fac Med, NL-3584 CG Utrecht, Netherlands. Roes, K. C. B., Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Qual \& Patient Safety, NL-3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands.}, DOI = {10.1186/s13063-015-0744-8}, Article-Number = {223}, EISSN = {1745-6215}, Keywords = {Continuing medical education; CPOE; Information technology; Meaningful use; Medication management; Physicians}, Keywords-Plus = {ADVERSE DRUG EVENTS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Medicine, Research \& Experimental}, Author-Email = {f.vanstiphout@umcutrecht.nl}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Egberts, Toine/A-6625-2012 Aarts, Jos/B-4456-2008 Roes, Kit/AAC-4093-2019 Egberts, Toine/K-4579-2019 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Egberts, Toine/0000-0003-1758-7779 Aarts, Jos/0000-0002-9787-688X Roes, Kit/0000-0002-6775-1963 Egberts, Toine/0000-0003-1758-7779 Koffijberg, Hendrik/0000-0002-1753-0652}, Number-of-Cited-References = {19}, Times-Cited = {3}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {3}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000355304300001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000471604500005, Author = {Kikuchi, Toshio and Tabayashi, Akira}, Title = {Strategies for Sustaining and Developing Paddy Farming in the Saga Plain, Southwestern Japan}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHY-CHIGAKU ZASSHI}, Year = {2019}, Volume = {128}, Number = {2, SI}, Pages = {209-233}, Abstract = {Traditional agricultural practice in the Saga plain was formerly a combination of paddy rice, which was the main crop, and wheat/barley, which was the secondary crop. However, when production adjustments to paddy rice started in the 1970s, the original agricultural practice was changed to a combination of paddy rice and a rotating crop of soybeans along with a secondary crop of wheat/barley. Further, since the 1970s, issues such as competition between agricultural land use and urban land use, income disparity between agricultural and non-agricultural employment, and a shortage of farming successors became serious, which in turn caused great difficulty in sustaining agriculture and farmland. Under such circumstances, farmers in the Saga plain started to develop rural community-based farming as a strategy to sustain agriculture and farmland, as well as to manage the harvesting and drying process of rice, wheat/barley, and soybean collaboratively. Consequently, the block rotation system of cultivating paddy rice and soybeans together with shared use of rice planting and harvesting machines progressed and agriculture and farmland that combined rice, wheat/barley, and soybeans in the region tended to survive. On the other hand, due to a lack of leadership, community cohesion, and full-time farmers, some rural community-based farms began to be converted into agricultural corporations as another strategy. This strategy was encouraged by a new national agricultural policy. There were also farmers who did not participate in rural community-based farming, and many of them were full-time farmers who functioned as certified farmers. Such full-time farmers have expanded the scale of managing arable land by purchasing and leasing farmland (paddy field) from part-time farmers, both inside and outside the region, with the intention of securing successors to carry on agriculture. Thus, large-scale rice farmers gradually amalgamated the paddy fields of part-time farmers and expanded the scale of agricultural management. There were two types of large-scale farmer-farmers maintaining relationships with rural community-based farming and agricultural cooperatives such as JA, and independent farmers who had a tendency to become agricultural corporations. The decision to become an agricultural corporation was largely influenced by several key factors including the existence of a successor to continue farming, managerial skills of business operators, and the level of the family workforce of farmers. In other words, as a result of securing successors, large-scale rice farmers could start businesses such as drying preparation facilities, and build their own sales networks. Further, in order to control substantial production costs, the family workforce was used for production, processing, clerical work, and sales promotions. As a result, agriculture in the Saga plain was supported by rural community-based farming, independent large-scale paddy farmers, and large-scale paddy farmers incorporated into agricultural organizations, and these divisions of the management strategy were based on the degree of agricultural labor and community bonding forces. A series of distinctive strategies largely contributed to the survival and development of agriculture and farmland in the Saga plain.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {Japanese}, Affiliation = {Kikuchi, T (Corresponding Author), Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Urban Environm Sci, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. Kikuchi, Toshio, Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Grad Sch Urban Environm Sci, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. Tabayashi, Akira, Univ Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058572, Japan.}, DOI = {10.5026/jgeography.128.209}, ISSN = {0022-135X}, EISSN = {1884-0884}, Keywords = {paddy farming; community-based farming; agricultural corporation; large-scale rice farm; Saga Plain}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Geography, Physical}, Number-of-Cited-References = {20}, Times-Cited = {3}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {3}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000471604500005}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000630922700001, Author = {Gonzalez-Perez, Maria and Sanchez-Tarjuelo, Rodrigo and Shor, Boris and Nistal-Villan, Estanislao and Ochando, Jordi}, Title = {The BCG Vaccine for COVID-19: First Verdict and Future Directions}, Journal = {FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {12}, Month = {MAR 8}, Abstract = {Despite of the rapid development of the vaccines against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), it will take several months to have enough doses and the proper infrastructure to vaccinate a good proportion of the world population. In this interim, the accessibility to the Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) may mitigate the pandemic impact in some countries and the BCG vaccine offers significant advantages and flexibility in the way clinical vaccines are administered. BCG vaccination is a highly cost-effective intervention against tuberculosis (TB) and many low-and lower-middle-income countries would likely have the infrastructure, and health care personnel sufficiently familiar with the conventional TB vaccine to mount full-scale efforts to administer novel BCG-based vaccine for COVID-19. This suggests the potential for BCG to overcome future barriers to vaccine roll-out in the countries where health systems are fragile and where the effects of this new coronavirus could be catastrophic. Many studies have reported cross-protective effects of the BCG vaccine toward non-tuberculosis related diseases. Mechanistically, this cross-protective effect of the BCG vaccine can be explained, in part, by trained immunity, a recently discovered program of innate immune memory, which is characterized by non-permanent epigenetic reprogramming of macrophages that leads to increased inflammatory cytokine production and consequently potent immune responses. In this review, we summarize recent work highlighting the potential use of BCG for the treatment respiratory infectious diseases and ongoing SARS-CoV-2 clinical trials. In situations where no other specific prophylactic tools are available, the BCG vaccine could be used as a potential adjuvant, to decrease sickness of SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or to mitigate the effects of concurrent respiratory infections.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Ochando, J (Corresponding Author), Inst Salud Carlos III, Dept Immunol, Transplant Immunol Unit, Natl Ctr Microbiol, Madrid, Spain. Ochando, J (Corresponding Author), Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Oncol Sci, New York, NY 10029 USA. Gonzalez-Perez, Maria; Ochando, Jordi, Inst Salud Carlos III, Dept Immunol, Transplant Immunol Unit, Natl Ctr Microbiol, Madrid, Spain. Sanchez-Tarjuelo, Rodrigo; Ochando, Jordi, Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Oncol Sci, New York, NY 10029 USA. Shor, Boris, Manhattan BioSolut, New York, NY USA. Nistal-Villan, Estanislao, Univ San Pablo Ctr Estudios Univ CEU, Fac Farm, Microbiol Sect, Dept Ciencias Farmaceut \& Salud, Madrid, Spain. Nistal-Villan, Estanislao, Univ San Pablo CEU, Inst Med Mol Aplicada IMMA, Fac Med, Madrid, Spain.}, DOI = {10.3389/fimmu.2021.632478}, Article-Number = {632478}, ISSN = {1664-3224}, Keywords = {Bacille Calmette-Guerin; SARS-CoV-2; vaccination; trained immunity; cross-protection}, Keywords-Plus = {BACILLUS-CALMETTE-GUERIN; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; TRAINED IMMUNITY; NONSPECIFIC PROTECTION; GUINEA-BISSAU; RECOMBINANT; INFECTION; RESPONSES; EFFICACY; MEMORY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Immunology}, Author-Email = {Jordi.ochando@mssm.edu.edu}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Ochando, jordi/ABE-2358-2020 Nistal-Villan, Estanislao/GWM-7994-2022 Nistal-Villan, Estanislao/C-6122-2015 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Ochando, jordi/0000-0001-7037-1681 Nistal-Villan, Estanislao/0000-0003-2458-8833 Gonzalez Perez, Maria/0000-0003-0838-4734 Sanchez Tarjuelo, Rodrigo/0000-0002-3252-2722}, Number-of-Cited-References = {68}, Times-Cited = {43}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {4}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000630922700001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000646187600001, Author = {Li, Chunyang}, Title = {Construction of modular teaching system of human resource management specialty}, Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING EDUCATION}, Year = {2021}, Month = {2021 APR 22}, Abstract = {With the development of economy, society and science and technology, the disadvantages of the traditional ``subject based{''} curriculum system construction mode are increasingly apparent. Graduates go to the society, what they learn is not what they use. There is a phenomenon that education and employment deviate from each other. Even if they have a job, they have to learn again, which requires a longer adaptation period. According to the skills and abilities that human resource management (HRM) students may enter into after graduation, a targeted modular teaching system is constructed. The modular teaching system can carry out customized learning in advance according to the students' work goals, and grasp the required employability in advance. At the same time, the reform of the system also enriches the teaching methods of teachers. Through the questionnaire and experimental test, this paper finds that: modular teaching breaks the traditional curriculum design method under the framework of the discipline theoretical system, aims to cultivate students' professional ability, improve their adaptability to the job, and further enhance their practical employability. Experimental results: the relationship between the quality characteristics and academic performance of HRM students was verified, and the relationship between them and the influence model of causality were clarified. The results of the two classes are similar in the pre-test; and from the back results, we can see that the scores of the experimental class after the use of modular teaching are significantly improved, while the comparison class is not significantly improved compared with before the experiment, which fully shows that the implementation of modular teaching can help students improve their comprehensive performance. The path coefficient of growth driven to academic performance is 0.428, the path coefficient of learning development to academic performance is 0.122, and interpersonal skills affect academic performance indirectly. It fully verifies the relationship between the quality characteristic model and academic performance, and shows that the quality characteristic model constructed is relatively perfect and can be used as a reference for students' evaluation.}, Type = {Article; Early Access}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Li, CY (Corresponding Author), Tech Univ Dresden, Fac Educ, D-01187 Dresden, Saxony, Germany. Li, Chunyang, Tech Univ Dresden, Fac Educ, D-01187 Dresden, Saxony, Germany.}, DOI = {10.1177/00207209211005270}, EarlyAccessDate = {APR 2021}, Article-Number = {00207209211005270}, ISSN = {0020-7209}, EISSN = {2050-4578}, Keywords = {Modular teaching system; human resource management; modular skills training; competency-based education; students\&\#8217; quality}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Electrical \& Electronic}, Author-Email = {lichunyang5181@163.com}, Number-of-Cited-References = {25}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {11}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000646187600001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000250503000001, Author = {El-Khorazaty, M. Nabil and Johnson, Allan A. and Kiely, Michele and El-Mohandes, Ayman Ae and Subramanian, Siva and Laryea, Haziel A. and Murray, Kennan B. and Thornberry, Jutta S. and Joseph, Jill G.}, Title = {Recruitment and retention of low-income minority women in a behavioral intervention to reduce smoking, depression, and intimate partner violence during pregnancy}, Journal = {BMC PUBLIC HEALTH}, Year = {2007}, Volume = {7}, Month = {SEP 6}, Abstract = {Background: Researchers have frequently encountered difficulties in the recruitment and retention of minorities resulting in their under-representation in clinical trials. This report describes the successful strategies of recruitment and retention of African Americans and Latinos in a randomized clinical trial to reduce smoking, depression and intimate partner violence during pregnancy. Socio-demographic characteristics and risk profiles of retained vs. non-retained women and lost to follow-up vs. dropped-out women are presented. In addition, subgroups of pregnant women who are less ( more) likely to be retained are identified. Methods: Pregnant African American women and Latinas who were Washington, DC residents, aged 18 years or more, and of 28 weeks gestational age or less were recruited at six prenatal care clinics. Potentially eligible women were screened for socio-demographic eligibility and the presence of the selected behavioral and psychological risks using an Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interview. Eligible women who consented to participate completed a baseline telephone evaluation after which they were enrolled in the study and randomly assigned to either the intervention or the usual care group. Results: Of the 1,398 eligible women, 1,191 (85\%) agreed to participate in the study. Of the 1,191 women agreeing to participate, 1,070 completed the baseline evaluation and were enrolled in the study and randomized, for a recruitment rate of 90\%. Of those enrolled, 1,044 were African American women. A total of 849 women completed the study, for a retention rate of 79\%. Five percent dropped out and 12\% were lost-to-follow up. Women retained in the study and those not retained were not statistically different with regard to socio-demographic characteristics and the targeted risks. Retention strategies included financial and other incentives, regular updates of contact information which was tracked and monitored by a computerized data management system available to all project staff, and attention to cultural competence with implementation of study procedures by appropriately selected, trained, and supervised staff. Single, less educated, alcohol and drug users, non-working, and non-WIC women represent minority women with expected low retention rates. Conclusion: We conclude that with targeted recruitment and retention strategies, minority women will participate at high rates in behavioral clinical trials. We also found that women who drop out are different from women who are lost to follow-up, and require different strategies to optimize their completion of the study.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Kiely, M (Corresponding Author), NICHD, NIH, DESPR, Collaborat Studies Unit, 6100 Execut Blvd,Rm 7B05, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NICHD, NIH, DESPR, Collaborat Studies Unit, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RTI Int, Stat \& Epidemiol Unit, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Howard Univ, Coll Pharm Nursing \& Allied Hlth Sci, Div Allied Hlth Sci, Washington, DC 20059 USA. George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth \& Hlth Serv, Dept Prevent \& Community Hlth, Washington, DC 20037 USA. Georgetown Univ Hosp, Div Neonatol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. Care Of Allan A Johnson, Howard Univ, Coll Pharm Nursing \& Allied Hlth Sci, Div Allied Hlth Sci, Washington, DC 20059 USA. Res Triangle Inst Int, Stat \& Epidemiol Unit, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Ctr Hlth Serv \& Community Res, Washington, DC 20010 USA.}, DOI = {10.1186/1471-2458-7-233}, Article-Number = {233}, EISSN = {1471-2458}, Keywords-Plus = {COMMUNITY-BASED RESEARCH; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; CLINICAL-TRIALS; HEALTH; PARTICIPATION; BARRIERS; ISSUES}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {nek@rti.org ajohnson@Howard.edu kielym@nih.gov sphaxe@gwumc.edu SUBRAMAS@gunet.georgetown.edu hlaryea@howard.edu kennan17@yahoo.com jps@rti.org JJoseph@cnmc.org}, Number-of-Cited-References = {40}, Times-Cited = {88}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {27}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000250503000001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000853675400031, Author = {Davies, Sian M. and Jardine, Jenni and Gutridge, Kerry and Bernard, Zara and Park, Stephen and Dawson, Tom and Abel, Kathryn M. and Whelan, Pauline}, Title = {Preventive Digital Mental Health for Children in Primary Schools: Acceptability and Feasibility Study}, Journal = {JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {5}, Number = {12}, Month = {DEC}, Abstract = {Background: The incidence of mental health problems in children and adolescents in the United Kingdom has significantly increased in recent years, and more people are in contact with mental health services in Greater Manchester than in other parts of the country. Children and young people spend most of their time at school and with teachers. Therefore, schools and other educational settings may be ideal environments in which to identify those experiencing or those at the risk of developing psychological symptoms and provide timely support for children most at risk of mental health or related problems. Objective: This study aims to test the feasibility of embedding a low-cost, scalable, and innovative digital mental health intervention in schools in the Greater Manchester area. Methods: Two components of a 6-week digital intervention were implemented in a primary school in Greater Manchester: Lexplore, a reading assessment using eye-tracking technology to assess reading ability and detect early atypicality, and Lincus, a digital support and well-being monitoring platform. Results: Of the 115 children approached, 34 (29.6\%) consented and took part; of these 34 children, all 34 (100\%) completed the baseline Lexplore assessment, and 30 (88\%) completed the follow-up. In addition, most children were classified by Lincus as regular (>= 1 per week) survey users. Overall, the teaching staff and children found both components of the digital intervention engaging, usable, feasible, and acceptable. Despite the widespread enthusiasm and recognition of the potential added value from staff, we met significant implementation barriers. Conclusions: This study explored the acceptability and feasibility of a digital mental health intervention for schoolchildren. Further work is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the digital intervention and to understand whether the assessment of reading atypicality using Lexplore can identify those who require additional help and whether they can also be supported by Lincus. This study provides high-quality pilot data and highlights the potential benefits of implementing digital assessment and mental health support tools in a primary school setting.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Davies, SM (Corresponding Author), Univ Manchester, Fac Biol Med \& Hlth, Ctr Womens Mental Hlth, Sch Hlth Sci,GM Digital Res Unit,Div Psychol \& Me, Jean McFarlane Bldg,Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Davies, Sian M.; Gutridge, Kerry; Bernard, Zara; Abel, Kathryn M., Univ Manchester, Fac Biol Med \& Hlth, Ctr Womens Mental Hlth, Sch Hlth Sci,GM Digital Res Unit,Div Psychol \& Me, Jean McFarlane Bldg,Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. Davies, Sian M.; Jardine, Jenni; Gutridge, Kerry; Bernard, Zara; Abel, Kathryn M.; Whelan, Pauline, Greater Manchester Mental Hlth NHS Fdn Trust, Manchester Acad Hlth Sci Ctr, Manchester, Lancs, England. Park, Stephen, Lexplore Ltd, Marple, England. Whelan, Pauline, Univ Manchester, Ctr Hlth Informat, Div Informat Imaging \& Data Sci, GMDigital Res Unit, Manchester, Lancs, England.}, DOI = {10.2196/30668}, Article-Number = {e30668}, EISSN = {2561-326X}, Keywords = {digital mental health; acceptability; feasibility; child and adolescent mental health and well-being; school-based mental health care; prevention; digital assessment and monitoring; reading screening or ability}, Keywords-Plus = {YOUNG-PEOPLE; INTERVENTIONS; INCOME}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services; Medical Informatics}, Author-Email = {sian.davies-5@manchester.ac.uk}, ORCID-Numbers = {Gutridge, Kerry/0000-0001-9705-9102 Dawson, Tom/0000-0002-2215-249X Whelan, Pauline/0000-0001-8689-3919 Davies, Sian/0000-0001-5662-7038 Abel, Kathryn M/0000-0003-3538-8896}, Number-of-Cited-References = {40}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {5}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000853675400031}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000393624600005, Author = {Mattei, Josiemer and Rodriguez-Orengo, Jose F. and Tamez, Martha and Corujo, Francheska and Claudio, Aida and Villanueva, Hector and Campos, Hannia and Willett, Walter C. and Tucker, Katherine L. and Rios-Bedoya, Carlos F.}, Title = {Challenges and opportunities in establishing a collaborative multisite observational study of chronic diseases and lifestyle factors among adults in Puerto Rico}, Journal = {BMC PUBLIC HEALTH}, Year = {2017}, Volume = {17}, Month = {JAN 31}, Abstract = {Background: Prevalence of chronic diseases and unhealthy lifestyle behaviors among the adult population of Puerto Rico (PR) is high; however, few epidemiological studies have been conducted to address these. We aimed to document the methods and operation of establishing a multisite cross-sectional study of chronic diseases and risk factors in PR, in partnership with academic, community, clinical, and research institutions. Methods: The Puerto Rico Assessment of Diet, Lifestyle and Diseases (PRADLAD) documented lifestyle and health characteristics of adults living in PR, with the goal of informing future epidemiological and intervention projects, as well as public health, policy, and clinical efforts to help improve the population's health. The study was conducted in three primary care clinics in the San Juan, PR metropolitan area. Eligible volunteers were 30-75y, living in PR for at least 10 months of the previous year, and able to answer interviewer-administered questionnaires without assistance. Questions were recorded electronically by trained interviewers, and included socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle behaviors, self-reported medically-diagnosed diseases, and psychosocial factors. Waist and hip circumferences were measured following standardized protocols. A subset of participants answered a validated food frequency questionnaire, a legumes questionnaire, and had medical record data abstracted. Process and outcome evaluation indicators were assessed. Results: The study screened 403 participants in 5 months. Of these, 396 (98\%) were eligible and 380 (94\%) had reliable and complete information. A subset of 242 participants had valid dietary data, and 236 had medical record data. The mean time to complete an interview was 1.5 h. Participants were generally cooperative and research collaborators were fully engaged. Having multiple sites helped enhance recruitment and sociodemographic representation. Diagnosed conditions were prevalent across sites. Challenges in data monitoring, interviewer training, and scheduling were identified and corrected, and should be addressed in future studies. Conclusions: Epidemiological studies in PR can be successfully implemented in partnership with multiple institutions. Effective recruitment and implementation requires concerted planning and continued involvement from partners, frequent quality control, brief interviews, reasonable incentives, and thorough training/re-training of culturally-sensitive interviewers. Further studies are feasible and needed to help address highly prevalent chronic conditions in PR.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Mattei, J (Corresponding Author), Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, 665 Huntington Ave,Bldg 2, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Mattei, Josiemer; Tamez, Martha; Campos, Hannia; Willett, Walter C., Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, 665 Huntington Ave,Bldg 2, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Rodriguez-Orengo, Jose F.; Corujo, Francheska; Claudio, Aida; Rios-Bedoya, Carlos F., Fdn Invest Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR USA. Rodriguez-Orengo, Jose F., Univ Puerto Rico, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, Med Sci Campus, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. Villanueva, Hector, HealthProMed, Santurce, PR USA. Campos, Hannia, Univ Hispanoamer, Ctr Invest \& Innovac Nutr Translac \& Salud, San Jose, Costa Rica. Willett, Walter C., Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA USA. Tucker, Katherine L., Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biomed \& Nutr Sci, Lowell, MA USA. Rios-Bedoya, Carlos F., Hurley Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Flint, MI USA.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12889-017-4035-z}, Article-Number = {136}, ISSN = {1471-2458}, Keywords = {Puerto Rico; Observational studies; Collaborative work; Partnerships; Health disparities; Chronic diseases; Lifestyle behaviors; Population health; Community health; Process evaluation}, Keywords-Plus = {HEART-HEALTH-PROGRAM; HISPANIC COMMUNITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; LATINOS HCHS/SOL; RISK-FACTORS; PERCEIVED STRESS; SOCIAL SUPPORT; DIETARY-INTAKE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; LOW-INCOME}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {jmattei@hsph.harvard.edu}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Mattei, Josiemer/H-1800-2016}, ORCID-Numbers = {Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X Tamez, Martha/0000-0003-3164-1647 Mattei, Josiemer/0000-0001-5424-8245}, Number-of-Cited-References = {72}, Times-Cited = {15}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {8}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000393624600005}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000208106900054, Author = {Moran, Allisyn C. and Choudhury, Nuzhat and Khan, Nazib Uz Zaman and Karar, Zunaid Ahsan and Wahed, Tasnuva and Rashid, Sabina Faiz and Alam, M. Ashraful}, Title = {Newborn care practices among slum dwellers in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a quantitative and qualitative exploratory study}, Journal = {BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH}, Year = {2009}, Volume = {9}, Abstract = {Background: Urbanization is occurring at a rapid pace, especially in low-income countries. Dhaka, Bangladesh, is estimated to grow to 50 million by 2015, with 21 million living in urban slums. Although health services are available, neonatal mortality is higher in slum areas than in urban non-slum areas. The Manoshi program works to improve maternal, newborn, and child health in urban slums in Bangladesh. This paper describes newborn care practices in urban slums in Dhaka and provides program recommendations. Methods: A quantitative baseline survey was conducted in six urban slum areas to measure newborn care practices among recently delivered women (n = 1,256). Thirty-six in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore newborn care practices among currently pregnant women (n = 18) and women who had at least one delivery (n = 18). Results: In the baseline survey, the majority of women gave birth at home (84\%). Most women reported having knowledge about drying the baby (64\%), wrapping the baby after birth (59\%), and cord care (46\%). In the in-depth interviews, almost all women reported using sterilized instruments to cut the cord. Babies are typically bathed soon after birth to purify them from the birth process. There was extensive care given to the umbilical cord including massage and/or applying substances, as well as a variety of practices to keep the baby warm. Exclusive breastfeeding was rare; most women reported first giving their babies sweet water, honey and/or other foods. Conclusion: These reported newborn care practices are similar to those in rural areas of Bangladesh and to urban and rural areas in the South Asia region. There are several program implications. Educational messages to promote providing newborn care immediately after birth, using sterile thread, delaying bathing, and ensuring dry cord care and exclusive breastfeeding are needed. Programs in urban slum areas should also consider interventions to improve social support for women, especially first time mothers. These interventions may improve newborn survival and help achieve MDG4.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Moran, AC (Corresponding Author), ICDDR B, Reprod Hlth Unit, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Moran, Allisyn C.; Wahed, Tasnuva, ICDDR B, Reprod Hlth Unit, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Moran, Allisyn C., Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Choudhury, Nuzhat, BRAC, Res \& Evaluat Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Khan, Nazib Uz Zaman; Alam, M. Ashraful, ICDDR B, Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Social \& Behav Sci Unit, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Rashid, Sabina Faiz, BRAC Univ, James P Grant Sch Publ Hlth, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Karar, Zunaid Ahsan, World Bank, Dhaka, Bangladesh.}, DOI = {10.1186/1471-2393-9-54}, Article-Number = {54}, EISSN = {1471-2393}, Keywords-Plus = {SYLHET DISTRICT; NEONATAL-MORTALITY; CHILDHOOD DEATHS; PRETERM INFANTS; SKIN BARRIER; HEALTH; INFECTIONS; MANAGEMENT; IMPACT}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Obstetrics \& Gynecology}, Author-Email = {allisynmoran@gmail.com nuzhat.choudhury@yahoo.com nazib@icddrb.org kzunaid@gmail.com tasnuva@icddrb.org sabina@bracuniversity.ac.bd aneeloy@yahoo.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Ahsan, Karar/ABB-2160-2020 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Ahsan, Karar/0000-0001-7630-288X Rashid, Sabina Faiz/0000-0003-0916-2631 Alam, Neeloy Ashraful/0000-0001-7034-1095 Moran, Allisyn C/0000-0002-4826-1475}, Number-of-Cited-References = {40}, Times-Cited = {48}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {16}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000208106900054}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000174983500012, Author = {Pachingerova, M}, Title = {Small and medium enterprises in Slovakia focusing on tourism}, Journal = {EKONOMICKY CASOPIS}, Year = {2001}, Volume = {49}, Number = {6}, Pages = {1173-1196}, Abstract = {The small and medium enterprise (SME) development is one of the assumes of favourable economic development in SR. It belongs, along with reclassification of the Slovak economy, to its main priorities. Despite favourable trends, the SME share of the most important indexes has been lower than in the EU countries. Due to barrier elimination on macro- and micro level, as well as, a significant state support and an effective support of the European Union and in context with other countries in the Middle and Eastern Europe, we can expect convergence towards the target values of SME in EU, considering this as a whole, as well as, within particular sector-branch segments of SME. Small and medium entrepreneurs achieve 51\% of the GDP formation, over 62 employment share and 45\% export share, however, SME in Slovakia have got many reserves despite the relatively good shares. The SME are worth in difficult conditions of a new economy too, supposing they are markedly active and the state creates adequate business environment for them. They cannot stagnate in the new economy. They can follow one of two strategies: offensive or defensive, where both of them have got their strengths. The SME support in the Slovak conditions is very actual. Revaluation of the present forms of the SME support leads to the need of redirection from the tools bringing only a short-term effect towards the use of long-term character tools with a striking motivational effect. We should consider SME in Slovakia from its perspective effect point of view within the united European market too. Identification of SME in Slovakia, as well as, in other countries, can be done by comparison with analogue SME partners in other countries which are interesting for us from a particular point of view. These are the countries of Middle and Eastern Europe and some developed countries (EU). But the simple fact faces big barriers related to the ``soft{''} market environment which is the result of present reform economic processes and their interpretation, as well as, with different objective index contents. The most of the legislative barriers within SME are represented by increased financial duties of the entrepreneurs which often have got a de-motivational character. It is necessary to support the creditor legal status, to apply the right of lien, to recover the capital market, to gain foreign investments, to support SME, to make the interest rates real and to reduce the tax duties of the entrepreneurs. The business environment problems mentioned above refer to tourism too, despite it has got its strengths, as follows: dynamics, low investment and import intensity (three times lower in tourism than in industry), a high share of direct labor there functions as the tool of unemployment reduction and the region development, minimized dead assets, exchange effect for the country etc. We can expect the principal changes after realization of the measures, as follows: working-out the Tourism Development Program for the sake of the region development, Tourism Fund formation, working-out and approval of the tourism legislative support, significant financial advertising support etc. The business success or failure reflects the financial situation of an enterprise in tourism. Thus the managers, as well as, the external subjects can discover many strengths or weaknesses of the enterprise, their causes and reasons by the analysis of the business financial situation,. of the company and, upon this, to make decisions or accept proper arrangements. We cannot be satisfied with the development results and trends of particular financial indexes in the analyzed tourism enterprises-travel agencies, hotels and restaurants in Slovakia. The failure of the financial health is seen in a low profitability, often negative, relatively low liquidity, high indebtedness and long liability maturity periods. The short-term resources of the net operating capital are missing and the long-term financial resources formation is complicated too. Prevention can be found by respecting the need of the financial planning, within the flow management of the company and by change of the approach of the financial managers towards the formation of the financial resources of the company capital.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {Slovak}, Affiliation = {Pachingerova, M (Corresponding Author), Ekon Univ Bratislave, Obchodna Fak, Katedra Sluzieb Cestovneho Ruchu, Dolnozemska Cesta 1, Bratislava 85235 5, Slovakia. Ekon Univ Bratislave, Obchodna Fak, Katedra Sluzieb Cestovneho Ruchu, Bratislava 85235 5, Slovakia.}, ISSN = {0013-3035}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Economics}, Number-of-Cited-References = {18}, Times-Cited = {2}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {21}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000174983500012}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000540800600006, Author = {Naher, Nahitun and Hoque, Roksana and Hassan, Muhammad Shaikh and Balabanova, Dina and Adams, Alayne M. and Ahmed, Syed Masud}, Title = {The influence of corruption and governance in the delivery of frontline health care services in the public sector: a scoping review of current and future prospects in low and middle-income countries of south and south-east Asia}, Journal = {BMC PUBLIC HEALTH}, Year = {2020}, Volume = {20}, Number = {1}, Month = {JUN 8}, Abstract = {Background The dynamic intersection of a pluralistic health system, large informal sector, and poor regulatory environment have provided conditions favourable for `corruption' in the LMICs of south and south-east Asia region. `Corruption' works to undermine the UHC goals of achieving equity, quality, and responsiveness including financial protection, especially while delivering frontline health care services. This scoping review examines current situation regarding health sector corruption at frontlines of service delivery in this region, related policy perspectives, and alternative strategies currently being tested to address this pervasive phenomenon. Methods A scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) was conducted, using three search engines i.e., PubMed, SCOPUS and Google Scholar. A total of 15 articles and documents on corruption and 18 on governance were selected for analysis. A PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist was filled-in to complete this report. Data were extracted using a pre-designed template and analysed by `mixed studies review' method. Results Common types of corruption like informal payments, bribery and absenteeism identified in the review have largely financial factors as the underlying cause. Poor salary and benefits, poor incentives and motivation, and poor governance have a damaging impact on health outcomes and the quality of health care services. These result in high out-of-pocket expenditure, erosion of trust in the system, and reduced service utilization. Implementing regulations remain constrained not only due to lack of institutional capacity but also political commitment. Lack of good governance encourage frontline health care providers to bend the rules of law and make centrally designed anti-corruption measures largely in-effective. Alternatively, a few bottom-up community-engaged interventions have been tested showing promising results. The challenge is to scale up the successful ones for measurable impact. Conclusions Corruption and lack of good governance in these countries undermine the delivery of quality essential health care services in an equitable manner, make it costly for the poor and disadvantaged, and results in poor health outcomes. Traditional measures to combat corruption have largely been ineffective, necessitating the need for innovative thinking if UHC is to be achieved by 2030.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Naher, N (Corresponding Author), BRAC Univ, BRAC James P Grant BRAC Sch Publ Hlth, 5th Floor Level 6,Icddrb Bldg, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. Naher, Nahitun; Hoque, Roksana; Hassan, Muhammad Shaikh; Ahmed, Syed Masud, BRAC Univ, BRAC James P Grant BRAC Sch Publ Hlth, 5th Floor Level 6,Icddrb Bldg, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. Balabanova, Dina, London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med LSHTM, Dept Global Hlth \& Dev, Room TP 308,15-17 Tavistock Pl, London WC1H 9SH, England. Adams, Alayne M., McGill Univ, Fac Med, Dept Family Med, 5858 Cote Neiges,Room 332, Quebec City, PQ H3S 1Z1, Canada.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12889-020-08975-0}, Article-Number = {880}, EISSN = {1471-2458}, Keywords = {Health-sector corruption; Good governance; Frontline health care services; Frontline health care providers; UHC; LMICs}, Keywords-Plus = {SOCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY; INFORMAL PAYMENTS; BANGLADESH; COVERAGE; OUTCOMES}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {nahitun.naher@bracu.ac.bd}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Ahmed, Syed/GSN-7305-2022 Sorenson, T/AAM-6778-2021 Ahmed, Syed Masud/AGQ-4786-2022 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Ahmed, Syed Masud/0000-0001-5032-7181 Balabanova, Dina/0000-0001-7163-3428 Adams, Alayne Mary/0000-0002-0961-9825 Hassan, Muhammad Shaikh/0000-0003-3484-2540}, Number-of-Cited-References = {78}, Times-Cited = {35}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {2}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {16}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000540800600006}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000998490100041, Author = {Dolan, Samantha B. and Wittenauer, Rachel and Shearer, Jessica C. and Njoroge, Anne and Onyango, Penina and Owiso, George and Lober, William B. and Liu, Shan and Puttkammer, Nancy and Rabinowitz, Peter}, Title = {Integration of a Digital Health Intervention Into Immunization Clinic Workflows in Kenya: Qualitative, Realist Evaluation of Technology Usability}, Journal = {JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH}, Year = {2023}, Volume = {7}, Abstract = {Background: In an effort to increase vaccination coverage in low-resource settings, digital tools have been introduced to better track immunization records, improve data management practices, and provide improved access to vaccination coverage data for decision-making. Despite the potential of these electronic systems to improve the provision of health services, few digital health interventions have been institutionalized at scale in low-and middle-income countries. Objective: In this paper, we aimed to describe how health care workers in Kenya had integrated an electronic immunization registry into their immunization clinic workflows and to use these findings to inform the development of a refined program theory on the registry's usability.Methods: Informed by realist methodology, we developed a program theory to explain usability of the electronic immunization registry. We designed a qualitative study based on our theory to describe the barriers and facilitators influencing data entry and use. Qualitative data were collected through semistructured interviews with users and workflow observations of immunization clinic sessions. Our findings were summarized by context-mechanism-outcome relationships formed after analyzing our key themes across interviews and workflow observations. Using these relationships, we were able to identify common rules for future implementers.Results: Across the 12 facilities included in our study, 19 health care workers were interviewed, and 58 workflow sessions were observed. The common rules developed from our qualitative findings are as follows: rule 1-ensure that the users complete training to build familiarity with the system, understand the value of the system and data, and know where to find support; rule 2-confirm that the system captures all data needed for users to provide routine health care services and is easy to navigate; rule 3-identify work-arounds for poor network, system performance, and too few staff or resources; and rule 4-make users aware of expected changes to their workflow, and how these changes might differ over time and by facility size or number of patients. Upon study completion, we revised the program theory to reflect the importance of the goals and workflows of electronic immunization registries aligning with reality.Conclusions: We created a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms for usability of the registry. We found that the electronic immunization registry had high acceptability among users; however, there were numerous barriers to using the system, even under ideal conditions, causing a misalignment between the system and the reality of the users' workflows and their environment. Human-centered design and human-factors methods can assist during pilot stages to better align systems with users' needs and again after scale-up to ensure that interventions are suitable for all user settings.(JMIR Form Res 2023;7:e39775) doi: 10.2196/39775}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Dolan, SB (Corresponding Author), Bill \& Melinda Gates Fdn, 500 5th Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Dolan, Samantha B.; Njoroge, Anne; Puttkammer, Nancy; Rabinowitz, Peter, Univ Washington, Int Training \& Educ Ctr Hlth, Seattle, WA USA. Dolan, Samantha B.; Wittenauer, Rachel; Njoroge, Anne; Lober, William B.; Puttkammer, Nancy; Rabinowitz, Peter, Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA USA. Dolan, Samantha B., Bill \& Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. Shearer, Jessica C., PATH, Seattle, WA USA. Onyango, Penina, Cty Dept Hlth, Siaya, Kenya. Owiso, George, Univ Washington, Int Training \& Educ Ctr Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. Lober, William B., Univ Washington, Biobehav Nursing \& Hlth Informat, Seattle, WA USA. Liu, Shan, Univ Washington, Dept Ind \& Syst Engn, Seattle, WA USA. Dolan, Samantha B., Bill \& Melinda Gates Fdn, 500 5th Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109 USA.}, DOI = {10.2196/39775}, EISSN = {2561-326X}, Keywords = {immunizations; electronic immunization registry; workflow; usability; realist research}, Keywords-Plus = {HUMAN-CENTERED DESIGN; PUBLIC-HEALTH}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services; Medical Informatics}, Author-Email = {sdolan11@gmail.com}, ORCID-Numbers = {Wittenauer, Rachel/0000-0002-6606-8708 Puttkammer, Nancy/0000-0002-6693-9278 Lober, William/0000-0002-1053-7501 Rabinowitz, Peter/0000-0002-6873-0208 Dolan, Samantha/0000-0001-8088-6611}, Number-of-Cited-References = {48}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000998490100041}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000361069100008, Author = {Dale-Perera, Annette and Alam, Farrukh and Barker, Peter}, Title = {Opioid-dependence treatment in the era of recovery: insights from a UK survey of physicians, patients and out-of-treatment opioid users}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE}, Year = {2015}, Volume = {20}, Number = {5}, Pages = {354-362}, Abstract = {Background: Project Access UK was designed to provide real-world observations on the status of medication-assisted treatment (MAT) of opioid dependence. Methods: 544 respondents from three groups (physicians, patients in MAT and out-of-treatment users) were interviewed or completed questionnaires. Results: Patient reasons for seeking treatment included ending their dependence and improving their health and well-being. Patients and users reported a mean of 4.0 versus 2.7 prior MAT episodes, but patient awareness of the main treatment options varied from 94\% for methadone to 46\% for buprenorphine-naloxone. Among patients, 49\% requested a specific medication (mostly methadone) and 78\% of requests were granted. Forty percent of patients were not currently receiving psychosocial or key-working support. Daily supervised dosing was most commonly cited as a condition of staying in treatment with the biggest impact on daily life (36\%). Among patients, 56\% continued to use illicit drugs on top of their MAT and few (7\%) were in employment. The majority of patients (56\%) and users (51\%) had been in prison (an average of 6.8 times). Conclusion: Patients are motivated to recover. However, the full range of evidence-based interventions are not fully utilised and many patients cycle repeatedly through periods of treatment, relapse and imprisonment.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Alam, F (Corresponding Author), Pall Mall Ctr, Westminster Focus Team, 150 Barlby Rd, London W10 6BS, England. Dale-Perera, Annette, Cent \& North West London NHS Fdn Trust, Addict \& Offender Care, London, England. Alam, Farrukh, Cent \& North West London NHS Mental Hlth Trust, Soho Ctr Hlth, London, England. Barker, Peter, Northamptonshire Cty Council, Publ Hlth Directorate, Northampton, England.}, DOI = {10.3109/14659891.2014.923532}, ISSN = {1465-9891}, EISSN = {1475-9942}, Keywords = {Opioid-dependence; recovery; survey}, Keywords-Plus = {METHADONE-MAINTENANCE; BUPRENORPHINE-NALOXONE; OPIATE ADDICTION; TREATMENT ACCESS; DRUG; RETENTION; BARRIERS; OUTCOMES; THERAPY; TRIAL}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Substance Abuse}, Author-Email = {Dr.Alam@nhs.net}, Number-of-Cited-References = {46}, Times-Cited = {3}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {9}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000361069100008}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @inproceedings{ WOS:000312406000052, Author = {Ali, Asha and Aliyar, Liyamol}, Book-Group-Author = {IEEE}, Title = {Re-engineering of ICT Engineering Education}, Booktitle = {2012 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENGINEERING EDUCATION: INNOVATIVE PRACTICES AND FUTURE TRENDS (AICERA)}, Year = {2012}, Note = {IEEE International Conference on Engineering Education - Innovative Practices and Future Trends (AICERA), Amal Jyothi Coll Engn, Kottayam, INDIA, JUL 19-21, 2012}, Abstract = {From the unique `Gurukula' style of teaching prevailed during the Vedic period, education as on date has evolved to the most modern concept of e-learning. The method of imparting knowledge through coexistence of teacher and students in ancient times has been transformed to such an extent where the direct physical interaction between students and teacher is not at all required. However, it is a fact that we are still accustomed to the traditional way of classroom teaching, memory checking tests, compulsory attendance etc. even in our post graduate level of technical education. Teaching pattern followed in high school level is followed in the same intensity even at engineering colleges. It is well known that science and mathematics are important tools of engineering programme but they are not themselves sufficient for one's success as an engineer. As world's dependence on technology is increasing tremendously, the need of the hour is to mould engineering graduates with adequate skills and will power required to explore and exploit the new opportunities of the world and thereby to contribute successfully towards the social and economic prosperity of our country. This paper makes a humble attempt to uncover the limitations of current engineering education and also tries to put forward some proactive measures to attain the desired results. It is a fact that the technological advancement we had made is not used up to the full potential in the field of education. The factors that restrain engineering colleges from doing so may be listed as financial constraints, lack of professionalism, method of `result-oriented' teaching rather than knowledge based teaching and shortage of skilled teaching manpower. Serious exploration of the following areas will be required to overcome some of the above deficiencies felt in the current engineering education: 1. Thrust on Research \& Development 2. Entrepreneurship development programmes 3. Social informatics 4. Electronic Technology 5. Industry-oriented education and Institute -industry interface The judgement regarding the intellectual capability of technical professionals can be done on the basis of research work carried out in their respective countries. For every one lakh people, there are 150 researchers in India while the same is 3800 in US. Number of patents per one million is approximated as one in India where as it is 289 in US. Today's engineers in the computer and IT field are well settled with their jobs after graduation. Due to the high salary and lucrative facilities offered by various IT companies, fields like research, teaching etc. are ignored by youth. One of the reasons for above backwardness is the lack of orientation given in the field of research during their graduation. A remarkable progress can surely be made if they are given motivation in pursuing career in the filed of research and teaching during their graduation. Availability of highly skilled and research-oriented teaching faculty is a necessity for inculcating the flair of research to fresh engineers. Thrust on research should be assured for assignments and project work carried out by the engineers during their course of study. Research-oriented learning makes our youth capable of out-of-the-box thinking and therefore innovative ideas will be generated even at student level. As a result, teaching faculty will also be equally benefited. Tomorrow's success is highly guaranteed for those engineering professionals who can address the entrepreneurial requirements and balance them with the specialized technological competencies. The skills and knowledge required to become a successful entrepreneur is not given due importance in the current engineering curriculum. Presently, entrepreneurship is taught only in business schools, but now the situation demands the same to be incorporated sufficiently in engineering curriculum. This will help an engineer to develop business skills along with technical skills so that opportunities can be efficiently transformed into workable business models. Social informatics relates to the interaction between society and information-communication technologies (ICT). Addition of social informatics to engineering curriculum will help IT professionals to increase their accountability in social, cultural, political, economical, legal and ethical areas where their technical competencies will be applied. The other advantage is the extension of learning process beyond the classroom to the society and developing a sense of caring for others. We are now blessed with the latest networking technologies like Internet, Intranet, Cloud computing, Wi-fi etc. It is with concern to mention that most of the engineering colleges had made use of the above technologies for improving their administrative efficiency and not for bettering academic efficiency of students. Educational institutions should embrace latest networking technologies in developing new learning platform. Since jobs become more and more insecure and mid life career changes are frequent, lifelong learning is becoming an essential requirement for engineering professionals. This situation can be effectively utilised by engineering colleges for conducting virtual classrooms for practising engineers that can yield financial advantage for teaching faculty and college as well. It is often said that engineering may be the only professional course largely taught by non-practitioners. Hence institute-industry interface, can very well compensate the missing link of industrial exposure. Industries today demand teamwork from fresh recruited engineers whereas teamwork is given less priority in the current engineering curriculum. Industry being the end user of engineering graduates, restructuring of the curriculum in line with industrial demands may also be tried out. Adaptability to industrial environment is a main factor for the successful discharge of an engineer's responsibilities. Universities must recognise the fact that industry is their main client and hence students must be given ample opportunities to interact with industries. Industry-oriented learning for engineering students is almost like a `give and take policy' since both industries as well as students is equally benefited. India had made a remarkable progress in recent years especially in the service sector. Global community is well aware of our mettle in IT and BPO industries. The unique advantage we are having is the pool of skilled manpower, which we would need to grow consistently in order to sustain our competitive edge in current market scenario. Now we have to aim for an equilibrium in which we should focus equally on R\&D sector along with BPO. More than 200 companies listed in the fortune 500 companies had already established their R\&D facilities in India. To accelerate India's growth as a hub for R\&D, availability of employable engineers with passion for research is utmost essential. This requires additional infrastructure and faculty requirement as well as radical changes in current technical education system. The stage is now set for industry experts, academia think tanks and top brass of government policy makers to review the existing engineering education and to initiate debate and discussions to enhance the quality of education. It is presumed that this paper will be an eye opener for the above purpose. This paper discusses the different challenges faced by the engineering education systems and suggestions based on various alternative strategies are discussed which can easily be incorporated into the engineering curricula; the introduction of which makes the system complete in all meaning.}, Type = {Proceedings Paper}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Ali, A (Corresponding Author), Ilahia Coll Engn \& Technol, Dept Informat Technol, Muvattupuzha, Kerala, India. Ali, Asha; Aliyar, Liyamol, Ilahia Coll Engn \& Technol, Dept Informat Technol, Muvattupuzha, Kerala, India.}, ISBN = {978-1-4673-2267-6}, Keywords = {Engineering Education; Social Informatics; Industry-Institute Interface; Entrepreneurship; Research; Industrial oriented teaching and learning}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical \& Electronic}, Author-Email = {ashaali2002@gmail.com liyanousheer@gmail.com}, ORCID-Numbers = {Ali, Asha/0009-0006-0479-9595}, Number-of-Cited-References = {11}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {2}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {37}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000312406000052}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000285499600002, Author = {Land, Thomas and Rigotti, Nancy A. and Levy, Douglas E. and Paskowsky, Mark and Warner, Donna and Kwass, Jo-Ann and Wetherell, LeAnn and Keithly, Lois}, Title = {A Longitudinal Study of Medicaid Coverage for Tobacco Dependence Treatments in Massachusetts and Associated Decreases in Hospitalizations for Cardiovascular Disease}, Journal = {PLOS MEDICINE}, Year = {2010}, Volume = {7}, Number = {12}, Month = {DEC}, Abstract = {Background: Insurance coverage of tobacco cessation medications increases their use and reduces smoking prevalence in a population. However, uncertainty about the impact of this coverage on health care utilization and costs is a barrier to the broader adoption of this policy, especially by publicly funded state Medicaid insurance programs. Whether a publicly funded tobacco cessation benefit leads to decreased medical claims for tobacco-related diseases has not been studied. We examined the experience of Massachusetts, whose Medicaid program adopted comprehensive coverage of tobacco cessation medications in July 2006. Over 75,000 Medicaid subscribers used the benefit in the first 2.5 years. On the basis of earlier secondary survey work, it was estimated that smoking prevalence declined among subscribers by 10\% during this period. Methods and Findings: Using claims data, we compared the probability of hospitalization prior to use of the tobacco cessation pharmacotherapy benefit with the probability of hospitalization after benefit use among Massachusetts Medicaid beneficiaries, adjusting for demographics, comorbidities, seasonality, influenza cases, and the implementation of the statewide smoke-free air law using generalized estimating equations. Statistically significant annualized declines of 46\% (95\% confidence interval 2\%-70\%) and 49\% (95\% confidence interval 6\%-72\%) were observed in hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction and other acute coronary heart disease diagnoses, respectively. There were no significant decreases in hospitalizations rates for respiratory diagnoses or seven other diagnostic groups evaluated. Conclusions: Among Massachusetts Medicaid subscribers, use of a comprehensive tobacco cessation pharmacotherapy benefit was associated with a significant decrease in claims for hospitalizations for acute myocardial infarction and acute coronary heart disease, but no significant change in hospital claims for other diagnoses. For low-income smokers, removing the barriers to the use of smoking cessation pharmacotherapy has the potential to decrease short-term utilization of hospital services.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Land, T (Corresponding Author), Massachusetts Tobacco Cessat \& Prevent Program, Boston, MA USA. Land, Thomas; Paskowsky, Mark; Warner, Donna; Kwass, Jo-Ann; Keithly, Lois, Massachusetts Tobacco Cessat \& Prevent Program, Boston, MA USA. Rigotti, Nancy A.; Levy, Douglas E., Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Tobacco Res \& Treatment Ctr, Div Gen Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Rigotti, Nancy A.; Levy, Douglas E., Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. Rigotti, Nancy A.; Levy, Douglas E., Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Mongan Inst Hlth Policy, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Wetherell, LeAnn, Off Medicaid Commonwealth Massachusetts, Boston, MA USA.}, DOI = {10.1371/journal.pmed.1000375}, Article-Number = {e1000375}, ISSN = {1549-1277}, Keywords-Plus = {ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; SMOKING-CESSATION; UNITED-STATES; QUITTING SMOKING; HEALTH; RISK; MORTALITY; EXPOSURE; CHARGES}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Medicine, General \& Internal}, Author-Email = {Thomas.Land@state.ma.us}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Levy, Douglas/W-1516-2019}, ORCID-Numbers = {Levy, Douglas/0000-0001-9446-7899}, Number-of-Cited-References = {25}, Times-Cited = {37}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {7}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000285499600002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000545451300009, Author = {Pizarro Gomez, Selena}, Title = {International Relations from the decolonial feminisms. A dialogic approach to a decolonial feminist economy}, Journal = {RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES-MADRID}, Year = {2020}, Number = {44}, Pages = {147-164}, Month = {JUN-SEP}, Abstract = {Since the mid-twentieth century, the modern-colonial capitalist system has been consolidated by a Eurocentric logic that has aggravated the North-South gap. Thus the international economic relations that imposed the generation and racialization of labour were forged. In this sense, the assurance of the socio-economic rights of the working class of the Global North was the product of a process imbricated by the factors of modernity, (neo)colonialism and development. Therefore, the urgency of deconstructing the current ecocide and genocidal economic system is presented, for this new world order has profited from the overexploitation and death of thousands of women. This investigation implements a theoretical-methodological intersectional approach, that is to say, to understand the subordination of women there is a need to do so from a set of co-constitutional variables (gender, race, sexuality, spirituality, etc.) and from ``situated knowledges{''} as Donna Haraway puts it.This perspective allows us to go beyond gender oppression, for which it will be essential to actively listen to the experiences of other women who have been marginalized and excluded by hegemonic and Eurocentric feminisms, only considered as objects of study never as political subjects. This work is implicated in the will to study and move towards an alternative reading of international relations. For this purpose, it is my proposal to begin in the feminist margins of decolonial feminisms, from the ideas of thinkers who are characterized by not seeking a consensus but a conversation from difference. Regarding the structure, the first part of the article will present a critique of mainstream international relations discourse from a decolonial perspective.Thus, the aim is to prove through a critique of the hegemonic paradigm that international relations serves the interests of the Global North as a consequence of Eurocentric thinking. Subsequently, the relegation of reproductive work to women linked to the colonial process will be studied. Furthermore, it will seek to demonstrate the effects of the international economic system on the subalternized, racialized, and colonized lives of workers, refugees, or migrants. In relation to this issue, the study and review of historical factors is fundamental because international relations cannot be understood without studying history; that is, the creation of the current international economic system as a consequence of the construction of the international and sexual division of labour and the processes of colonization and racialization. In turn, the above study has as an objective to demonstrate that the care economy is the backbone of the functioning of the international economic system. In other words, if women - traditionally responsible for maintaining lives - went on general strike, the world economy would come to a standstill. Likewise, the violence caused by the modern/colonial capitalist system on the bodies of the subalternized will be analyzed. In this sense, the epistemologies of the South become essential for the study of the neocolonial North-South economic relations where violence against women plays a key role. Examples of this are free-trade zones, extractivism, or in the worst of the cases: wars. Finally, a dialogue between decolonial feminisms and the feminist economy is presented to rethink and justify welfare as a path towards the protection of planetary life. In short, the global context is a system that has ceded the baton to a model that makes it impossible to guarantee the care of lives as a consequence of a nature that is Eurocentric, racist, colonial, heteropatriarchal, ecocidal and so forth.The proposal to urge an alternative is justified through a crisis of a systemic nature which, despite attempts to blur its permanence, is still present through political and socio-economic conflicts. Thus, the Global North is suffering from a process leading to areas that were once part of the centre are now peripheral - as a consequence of the globalised crisis and increased by austerity policies.This consolidates a political, economic, ecological and ethical crisis, which forces us to question the direction in which we are navigating and how we will manage this process, even if this seems inevitable with respect to environmental degradation and being immersed in a context of social hyper-segmentation, where growing inequalities seem to be naturalized and at the same time legitimized. For this reason, this article aims to establish a dialogue between descolonial feminisms and feminist economics to seek a consensus for the creation of a feminist, subversive and common agenda. For this sort of reflection and questioning the presence of international relations becomes indispensable. From the beginning, this discipline should go hand in hand with the transition phase aimed at replacing capital with the care economy and sustainability of life as the epicentre of the system. This research seeks to outline the nonconformity of accepting that history has already been written against those who prevent us from dreaming of the change we want and believe in. But why now? The present moment is decisive. In the face of the threat to planetary life from a destructive economic system, it is more necessary than ever to participate in the creation of another paradigm of international relations through other knowledges. Undoubtedly, the image of the Amazon in flames is further proof of the urgency of initiating a transformation of the global political and socio-economic system. From where and for what purpose is knowledge produced? What role does the economy play within international relations? Who benefits and who is harmed by the globalized capitalist model? Where do women stand within the economic system? Which lives are worth living? Is it possible to initiate an alternative to capitalism from Europe? These questions are not posed with the aim of giving a definitive answer, but with the intention of provoking dialogue and reflection.That is to say, against the logic of the ethics of war, it is manifested to promote the transition of the current international economic system towards a new model for which it will be essential to initiate an analysis of international relations from feminist genealogies and from decolonial thought.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {Spanish}, DOI = {10.15366/relacionesinternacionales2020.44.008}, ISSN = {1699-3950}, Keywords = {International Relations; decolonial feminisms; intersectionality; care; sustainability of life}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {International Relations}, Number-of-Cited-References = {40}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {6}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {25}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000545451300009}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000381463200002, Author = {Aveling, Emma-Louise and Zegeye, Desalegn Tegabu and Silverman, Michael}, Title = {Obstacles to implementation of an intervention to improve surgical services in an Ethiopian hospital: a qualitative study of an international health partnership project}, Journal = {BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH}, Year = {2016}, Volume = {16}, Month = {AUG 17}, Abstract = {Background: Access to safe surgical care represents a critical gap in healthcare delivery and development in many low-and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. Quality improvement (QI) initiatives at hospital level may contribute to closing this gap. Many such quality improvement initiatives are carried out through international health partnerships. Better understanding of how to optimise quality improvement in low-income settings is needed, including through partnership-based approaches. Drawing on a process evaluation of an intervention to improve surgical services in an Ethiopian hospital, this paper offers lessons to help meet this need. Methods: We conducted a qualitative process evaluation of a quality improvement project which aimed to improve access to surgical services in an Ethiopian referral hospital through better management. Data was collected longitudinally and included: 66 in-depth interviews with surgical staff and project team members; observation (135 h) in the surgery department and of project meetings; project-related documentation. Thematic analysis, guided by theoretical constructs, focused on identifying obstacles to implementation. Results: The project largely failed to achieve its goals. Key barriers related to project design, partnership working and the implementation context, and included: confusion over project objectives and project and partner roles and responsibilities; logistical challenges concerning overseas visits; difficulties in communication; gaps between the time and authority team members had and that needed to implement and engage other staff; limited strategies for addressing adaptive-as opposed to technical-challenges; effects of hierarchy and resource scarcity on QI efforts. While many of the obstacles identified are common to diverse settings, our findings highlight ways in which some features of low-income country contexts amplify these common challenges. Conclusion: We identify lessons for optimising the design and planning of quality improvement interventions within such challenging healthcare contexts, with specific reference to international partnership-based approaches. These include: the need for a funded lead-in phase to clarify and agree goals, roles, mutual expectations and communication strategies; explicitly incorporating adaptive, as well as technical, solutions; transparent management of resources and opportunities; leadership which takes account of both formal and informal power structures; and articulating links between project goals and wider organisational interests.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Aveling, EL (Corresponding Author), Univ Cambridge, Inst Publ Hlth, Cambridge Ctr Hlth Serv Res, Forvie Site,Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SR, England. Aveling, EL (Corresponding Author), Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy \& Management, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Aveling, Emma-Louise, Univ Cambridge, Inst Publ Hlth, Cambridge Ctr Hlth Serv Res, Forvie Site,Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0SR, England. Aveling, Emma-Louise, Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy \& Management, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Zegeye, Desalegn Tegabu, Fed Minist Hlth, POB 1234, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Silverman, Michael, Univ Leicester, Dept Infect Inflammat \& Immun, Univ Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12913-016-1639-4}, Article-Number = {393}, ISSN = {1472-6963}, Keywords = {Quality improvement; Surgery; Patient safety; Partnership; Ethiopia}, Keywords-Plus = {PATIENT SAFETY; COMMUNITY-DEVELOPMENT; CARE; INFRASTRUCTURE; UNIVERSITY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services}, Author-Email = {eaveling@hsph.harvard.edu}, ORCID-Numbers = {Zegeye, Desalegn Tegabu/0000-0002-5231-9967}, Number-of-Cited-References = {36}, Times-Cited = {17}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {9}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000381463200002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000322023600014, Author = {Galukande, Moses and Ozgediz, Doruk and Elobu, Emmanuel and Kaggwa, Sam}, Title = {Pretraining Experience and Structure of Surgical Training at a Sub-Saharan African University}, Journal = {WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY}, Year = {2013}, Volume = {37}, Number = {8}, Pages = {1836-1840}, Month = {AUG}, Abstract = {The common goal of surgical training is to provide effective, well-rounded surgeons who are capable of providing a safe and competent service that is relevant to the society within which they work. In recent years, the surgical workforce crisis has gained greater attention as a component of the global human resources in health problems in low- and middle-income countries. The purpose of this study was to: (1) describe the models for specialist surgical training in Uganda; (2) evaluate the pretraining experience of surgical trainees; (3) explore training models in the United States and Canada and areas of possible further inquiry and intervention for capacity-building efforts in surgery and perioperative care. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at Makerere University, College of Health Sciences during 2011-2012. Participants were current and recently graduated surgical residents. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and were entered and analyzed using an excel Microsoft spread sheet. The Makerere University, College of Health Sciences Institutional Review Board approved the study. Of the 35 potential participants, 23 returned the questionnaires (65 \%). Mean age of participants was 29 years with a male/female ratio of 3:1. All worked predominantly in general district hospitals. Pretraining procedures performed numbered 2,125 per participant, which is twice that done by their US and Canadian counterparts during their entire 5-year training period. A rich pretraining experience exists in East Africa. This should be taken advantage of to enhance surgical specialist training at the institution and regional level.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Galukande, M (Corresponding Author), Makerere Univ, Dept Surg, Coll Hlth Sci, Mulago Hill Rd,POB 7072, Kampala, Uganda. Galukande, Moses; Elobu, Emmanuel; Kaggwa, Sam, Makerere Univ, Dept Surg, Coll Hlth Sci, Kampala, Uganda. Ozgediz, Doruk, Yale Univ, Dept Pediat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.}, DOI = {10.1007/s00268-013-2053-2}, ISSN = {0364-2313}, Keywords-Plus = {RESIDENTS; SURGERY; UGANDA}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Surgery}, Author-Email = {mosesg@img.co.ug}, ORCID-Numbers = {Elobu, Alex Emmanuel/0000-0003-1647-0616}, Number-of-Cited-References = {15}, Times-Cited = {8}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000322023600014}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @inproceedings{ WOS:000540889200020, Author = {Cardim, Sofia and Nunes, Alcina and Fernandes, Paula Odete and Branco, Frederico}, Editor = {Costa, C and AuYongOliveira, M and Amorim, MPC}, Title = {Implementation of Balanced ScoreCard: Simplify strategic thinking development in Portuguese SMEs}, Booktitle = {PROCEEDINGS OF THE 13TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP (ECIE 2018)}, Series = {Proceedings of the European Conference on Entrepreneurship and Innovation}, Year = {2018}, Pages = {177-182}, Note = {13th European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship (ECIE), Aveiro, PORTUGAL, SEP 20-21, 2018}, Abstract = {The Portuguese business structure is essentially composed of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which, despite their size, generate employment and contribute to the increase of national income. In many of these companies, some of them having less than ten employees, management and operational functions are often carried out by the entrepreneur. In addition, the entrepreneur does not always have technical knowledge in management, nor do they have the available time (since they have various responsibilities within the company) to develop and implement a management strategy that allows the enterprise to remain in the market while adopting a more conscious, consistent and sustained orientation. Within the scope of the Operational Program for Competitiveness and Internationalization - Portugal 2020, the Balanced ScoreCard (BSC) strategic management instrument was developed and implemented in several companies and sectors of the Portuguese economy. This instrument was crucial in initiating a process of strategic thinking which, quite possibly, would not have happened in such a short time horizon. This research work analyses through an essentially qualitative research the way the BSC instrument was developed and implemented. Another objective is to understand the main advantages of its use and its main application constraints. The data was gathered through a semi-structured interview developed for the owners of four Portuguese SMEs in the northern region Portugal, targeted under the abovementioned programme framework. The results demonstrate the instrument was essential for the development of a structured strategic thinking, as well as for a better performance and, consequently, to the improvement of the competitiveness of the targeted companies. The results also show the instrument had to be adapted and simplified and its implementation has to involve all the employees of the enterprises.}, Type = {Proceedings Paper}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Cardim, S (Corresponding Author), Inst Polytech Braganca, Braganca, Portugal. Cardim, Sofia; Nunes, Alcina; Fernandes, Paula Odete, Inst Polytech Braganca, Braganca, Portugal. Nunes, Alcina; Fernandes, Paula Odete, Inst Polytech Braganca, Appl Management Res Unit UNIAG, Braganca, Portugal. Branco, Frederico, Univ Tras Os Montes \& Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal. Branco, Frederico, INESC TEC, Vila Real, Portugal. Branco, Frederico, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.}, ISSN = {2049-1050}, EISSN = {2049-1069}, ISBN = {978-1-911218-98-2}, Keywords = {Balanced ScoreCard; SMEs; strategic thinking; performance; competitiveness; Portugal}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Business; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary}, Author-Email = {sofiacardim@ipb.pt alcina@ipb.pt pof@ipb.pt fbranco@utad.pt}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Fernandes, Paula Odete/N-3804-2013 Nunes, Alcina/M-8259-2013 Fernandes, Pedro/HGF-1507-2022 Branco, Frederico/GPT-3972-2022 Cardim Barata, Ana Sofia/HPG-9403-2023 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Fernandes, Paula Odete/0000-0001-8714-4901 Nunes, Alcina/0000-0003-4056-9747 Cardim Barata, Ana Sofia/0000-0002-7506-5111 Branco, Frederico/0000-0001-8434-4887}, Number-of-Cited-References = {17}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {2}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000540889200020}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000751459100028, Author = {Nortcliffe, Anne Louise and Parveen, Sajhda and Pink-Keech, Cathy}, Title = {Statistically, Does peer assisted learning make a difference on a UK engineering degree programme? HETL Scotland 2017}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN HIGHER EDUCATION}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {14}, Number = {1}, Pages = {489-506}, Month = {JAN 27}, Abstract = {Purpose - Black British minority ethnics (BME) students are nationally underachieving in comparison to their Ethnic Chinese and White peers, showing typically a 16 per cent graduate attainment gap in the UK. Previous research has suggested that the attainment gap could be explained by BME student disengagement, as the students typically commute from family home to University, and they work part time. However, peer-assisted learning (PAL) has been shown to have a positive impact on addressing and resolving student alienation and disengagement. However, a question still remains regarding whether student perceptions hold up to statistical analysis when scrutinised in comparison to similar cohorts without PAL interventions. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach - This paper presents the results of a statistical study for two cohorts of students on engineering courses with a disproportionately high representation of BME students. The research method involved a statistical analysis of student records for the two cohorts to ascertain any effect of correlation between: PAL; student ethnicity; and student parental employment on student academic performance and placement attainment. Findings - The results indicate that PAL has no significant impact on the academic performance; however, PAL has a positive impact on the placement/internship attainment for BME students and students from parental households with parents in non-managerial/professional employment. Research limitations/implications - The research limitations are that the cohorts are small, but more equal diverse mix of different social categories than any other courses. However, as the cohorts are less than 30 students, comparing social categories the data sets are small to have absolute confidence in the statistical results of academic performance. Even the t-test has its limitations as the subjects are human, and there are multiple personal factors that can impact an individual academic performance; therefore, the data sets are heterostatic. Practical implications - The results highlight that there is need for pedagogy interventions to support: ideally all BME students from all social categery to secure placements; BME students who are unable to go on placement to gain supplementary learning that has the same impact on their personal development and learning as placement/internship experience; and White students from managerial/professional family households to engage more in their studies. Social implications - Not addressing and providing appropriate pedagogy interventions, in the wider context not addressing/resolving the BME academic and placement attainment gap, a set of students are being disadvantaged to their peers through no fault of their own, and compounding their academic attainment. As academics we have a duty to provide every opportunity to develop our student attainment, and as student entry is generally homogeneous, all students should attain it. Originality/value - Previous research evaluation of PAL programmes has focused on quantitative students surveys and qualitative semi-structured research interviews with students on their student engagement and learning experience. On the other hand, this paper evaluates the intervention through conducting a quantitative statistical analysis of the student records to evaluate the impact of PAL on a cohort's performance on different social categories (classifications) and compares the results to a cohort of another group with a similar student profile, but without PAL intervention implementation.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Nortcliffe, AL (Corresponding Author), Canterbury Christ Church Univ, Sch Human \& Life Sci, Canterbury, Kent, England. Nortcliffe, Anne Louise, Canterbury Christ Church Univ, Sch Human \& Life Sci, Canterbury, Kent, England. Parveen, Sajhda, Sheffield Hallam Univ, Dept Engn \& Math, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. Pink-Keech, Cathy, Sheffield Hallam Univ, Dept Lib Serv, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England.}, DOI = {10.1108/JARHE-04-2017-0047}, ISSN = {2050-7003}, EISSN = {1758-1184}, Keywords = {BME attainment gap; Peer-assisted learning; Placement attainment; Social economic background of students}, Keywords-Plus = {HIGHER-EDUCATION; ATTAINMENT; STUDENTS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Education \& Educational Research}, Author-Email = {anne.nortcliffe@canterbury.ac.uk}, Number-of-Cited-References = {37}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {2}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {5}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000751459100028}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000330829200177, Author = {Li, Ying and Ehiri, John and Oren, Eyal and Hu, Daiyu and Luo, Xingneng and Liu, Ying and Li, Daikun and Wang, Qingya}, Title = {Are We Doing Enough to Stem the Tide of Acquired MDR-TB in Countries with High TB Burden? Results of a Mixed Method Study in Chongqing, China}, Journal = {PLOS ONE}, Year = {2014}, Volume = {9}, Number = {2}, Month = {FEB 5}, Abstract = {Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) represents a threat to health and development in countries with high TB burden. China's MDR-TB prevalence rate of 6.8\% is the highest in the world. Interventions to remove barriers against effective TB control, and prevention of MDR-TB are urgently needed in the country. This paper reports a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of 513 pulmonary TB (PTB) patients, and qualitative interviews of 10 healthcare workers (HCWs), and 15 PTB patients. The objective was to assess barriers against effective control of PTB and prevention of MDR-TB by elucidating the perspectives of patients and healthcare providers. Results showed that more than half of the patients experienced patient delay of over 12.5 days. A similar proportion also experienced detection delay of over 30 days, and delay in initiating treatment of over 31 days. Consulting a non-TB health facility >= 3 times before seeking care at TB dispensary was a risk factor for both detection delay {[}AOR (95\% CI): 1.89(1.07, 3.34) and delay in initiating treatment{[}AOR (95\% CI): 1.88 (1.06, 3.36). Results revealed poor implementation of Directly Observed Therapy (DOT), whereby treatment of 34.3\% patients was never monitored by HCWs. Only 31.8\% patients had ever accessed TB health education before their TB diagnosis. Qualitative data consistently disclosed long patient delay, and indicated that patient's poor TB knowledge and socioeconomic barriers were primary reasons for patient delay. Seeking care and being treated at a non-TB hospital was an important reason for detection delay. Patient's long work hours and low income increased risk for treatment non-adherence. Evidence-based measures to improve TB health seeking behavior, reduce patient and detection delays, improve the quality of DOT, address financial and system barriers, and increase access to TB health promotion are urgently needed to address the burgeoning prevalence of MDR-TB in China.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Li, Y (Corresponding Author), Third Mil Med Univ, Dept Social Med \& Hlth Serv Management, Chongqing, Peoples R China. Li, Ying; Liu, Ying, Third Mil Med Univ, Dept Social Med \& Hlth Serv Management, Chongqing, Peoples R China. Ehiri, John, Univ Arizona, Mel \& Enid Zuckerman Coll Publ Hlth, Div Hlth Promot Sci, Tucson, AZ USA. Oren, Eyal, Univ Arizona, Mel \& Enid Zuckerman Coll Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol \& Biostat, Tucson, AZ USA. Hu, Daiyu; Wang, Qingya, Chongqing Inst TB Prevent \& Treatment, Chongqing, Peoples R China. Luo, Xingneng, Ctr Dis Control Shapingba Dist, Dept TB Control, Chongqing, Peoples R China. Li, Daikun, Chongqing Med Univ, Univ Town Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Chongqing, Peoples R China.}, DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0088330}, Article-Number = {e88330}, ISSN = {1932-6203}, Keywords-Plus = {MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; ANTITUBERCULOSIS-DRUG-RESISTANCE; RISK-FACTORS; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; DELAYS; TIME}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Multidisciplinary Sciences}, Author-Email = {lilyliying2012@163.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Oren, Eyal/AAD-5561-2019 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Oren, Eyal/0000-0001-7817-3516}, Number-of-Cited-References = {46}, Times-Cited = {17}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {26}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000330829200177}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000727978600001, Author = {Khan, Unab I. and Qureshi, Asra and Lal, Karishma and Ali, Shehreen and Barkatali, Arshnoor and Nayani, Shamim}, Title = {Implementation and evaluation of Employee Health and Wellness Program using RE-AIM framework}, Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WORKPLACE HEALTH MANAGEMENT}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {15}, Number = {1}, Pages = {87-98}, Month = {JAN 18}, Abstract = {Purpose The study describes the design, implementation and evaluation of an employer-sponsored health screening program - Employee Health and Wellness Program (EHWP) - in an academic healthcare system in Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach One year after implementation, RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance) framework was used to evaluate and report participant- and organizational-level indicators of success. Findings Of the 5,286 invited employees, 4,523 (86\%) completed blood work and 1809 (34\%) completed health risk assessment (reach). Of the 915 (51\%) who required referrals, 3\% were referred for new diagnoses of diabetes, hepatitis C or severe anemia; 63\% for elevated 10-year risk of cardiometabolic diseases (cardiovascular disease and diabetes); and 25\% for counseling for depression, obesity or smoking cessation (effectiveness). Employees' barriers to enrollment were explored (adoption). While institutional costs were considered nominal (USD 20/employee), organizational barriers were identified (implementation). Finally, 97\% of users reported interest in enrollment if EHWP was offered again (maintenance). Originality/value In a country with minimal focus on adult preventive care, the study reports the impact of an employer-offered wellness program that identified new risk factors and offered a referral for ongoing care. Employees reported a positive experience and were willing to re-enroll. Using the RE-AIM framework, the study has defined indicators in the real-world setting that can be used effectively by other institutions to start such a program.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Khan, UI (Corresponding Author), Aga Khan Univ, Dept Family Med, Karachi, Pakistan. Khan, Unab I.; Qureshi, Asra; Lal, Karishma, Aga Khan Univ, Dept Family Med, Karachi, Pakistan. Ali, Shehreen; Barkatali, Arshnoor, Aga Khan Univ Hosp, Employee Hlth, Karachi, Pakistan. Nayani, Shamim, Aga Khan Univ, Dept Human Resources, Karachi, Pakistan.}, DOI = {10.1108/IJWHM-04-2021-0081}, EarlyAccessDate = {DEC 2021}, ISSN = {1753-8351}, EISSN = {1753-836X}, Keywords = {Employee Health and Wellness Program; Low-middle income countries; Preventive care model; RE-AIM framework; Framingham risk score (FRS); Metabolic syndrome (MetS)}, Keywords-Plus = {INTERVENTIONS; DISEASES}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {unab.khan@aku.edu asra.qureshi@aku.edu karishma.kanhya@gmail.com shehreen.ali@aku.edu arshnoor.barkatali@aku.edu shamim.nayani@aku.edu}, ORCID-Numbers = {Khan, Unab/0000-0002-7002-1726 Ali, Shehreen/0000-0002-3599-6405 Lal, Karishma/0000-0001-7561-9025}, Number-of-Cited-References = {18}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {1}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000727978600001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000303669600005, Author = {Kim, Francis S. and Tran, Huong H. and Sinha, Indranil and Patel, Anup and Nelson, Rebecca A. and Pandya, Ankur N. and Keswani, Sunil and Watkins, James F.}, Title = {Experience With Corrective Surgery for Postburn Contractures in Mumbai, India}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF BURN CARE \& RESEARCH}, Year = {2012}, Volume = {33}, Number = {3}, Pages = {E120-E126}, Month = {MAY-JUN}, Note = {15th Meeting of the International-Society-for-Burn-Injuries (ISBI), Istanbul, TURKEY, JUN 25, 2010}, Abstract = {Postburn contracture is a source of significant morbidity in India, even though its occurrence can be reduced significantly by comprehensive postburn injury care, including surgical intervention. This study investigates whether limited access to initial medical care after burn injury has been associated with increased contracture formation among lower socioeconomic class patients in Mumbai, India. During a surgical mission in Mumbai, India, patients presenting with functionally debilitating burn contractures and minimal income were surveyed for initial care received immediately after burn injury. The survey consisted of questions regarding the history of burn injury and details of any initial treatment. Demographic data were collected by chart review. Thirty-eight patients from the state of Maharashtra participated in the study (mean age 28.1 years). The most common etiology of burn injury was from kerosene stove blasts (74\%), and the most common morbidities were contractures of the neck and upper extremity. On average, time elapsed since the original injury was 2.8 years. Nearly all patients sought initial medical care at hospitals (97\%) with the majority receiving only dressing changes for their full-thickness or deep-dermal burns (61\%). The most common reason for not seeking out delayed burn reconstruction was perceived cost (65\%). Ultimately, 60 operations were performed, of which 9 (15\%) developed postsurgical complications. These data suggest that a subset of lower socioeconomic class burn patients in Maharashtra received suboptimal initial intervention. Comprehensive initial therapy after burn injury may provide better outcomes and limit the number of patients requiring delayed reconstruction. (J Burn Care Res 2012;33:e120-e126)}, Type = {Article; Proceedings Paper}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Watkins, JF (Corresponding Author), Brigham \& Womens Hosp, Div Trauma \& Burn Surg, Dept Surg, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Kim, Francis S.; Watkins, James F., Brigham \& Womens Hosp, Div Burn Trauma \& Crit Care, Dept Surg, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Tran, Huong H., Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Family Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Sinha, Indranil, Brigham \& Womens Hosp, Sect Plast Surg, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Patel, Anup, Yale Univ, Sch Med, Div Plast Surg, New Haven, CT USA. Nelson, Rebecca A., Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Pandya, Ankur N., MDHU Portsmouth, Portsmouth Hosp, Dept Plast Surg, Portsmouth, Hants, England. Keswani, Sunil, Natl Burn Ctr, Bombay, Maharashtra, India.}, DOI = {10.1097/BCR.0b013e3182335a00}, ISSN = {1559-047X}, Keywords-Plus = {BURN INJURY; UPPER EXTREMITY; MANAGEMENT; PREVENTION; RETURN; WORK; STRATEGIES; BARRIERS; SCARS; CARE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Critical Care Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery}, Number-of-Cited-References = {31}, Times-Cited = {7}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {7}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000303669600005}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000968088900007, Author = {Noble, Helen and Ordonez, Willy Jesus Neumann and Wong, Gabriela Zavala and Rodriguez, Manuel J. and Checa, David Ortega and Warne, Maria and Senturia, Kirsten and Jin, Ying and Peterson, Ryan and LaGrone, Lacey Nicole}, Title = {Does Access to Point-of-Care Medical Information Improve Trauma and General Surgeons' Clinical Knowledge in a Middle-Income Country? A Mixed-Methods Study with Random Assignment}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS}, Year = {2023}, Volume = {236}, Number = {3}, Pages = {484-494}, Month = {MAR}, Abstract = {BACKGROUND: Investing in continued medical education strengthens surgical systems. This study assessed the effectiveness of an evidence-based practice (EBP) tutorial and access to UpToDate (UTD) to improve EBP and understand how and why providers practice using evidence.STUDY DESIGN: This is a mixed-methods, implementation study at 9 public hospitals in Peru consisting of a didactic session for surgeons on EBP and Google Translate and support of applications for UTD access. Change in clinical knowledge scores (CKS), access and use of UTD, and impact of language pre-and postintervention were measured. Qualitative interviews uncovered rea-sons for these changes.RESULTS: Intervention participants had lower CKS at follow-up compared with baseline (odds ratio {[}OR] of higher score 0.41 {[}0.18,0.98]; p = 0.044), and this effect was modified (p = 0.003) to the extent that the reverse was true for control participants (OR 2.30 {[}1.13,4.71]; p = 0.022). Participants with 1 to 20 years of experience had significantly improved CKS compared with students/residents (1 to 10 years: OR 4.5 {[}1.1,18]; 11 to 20 years: OR 4.9 {[}1.4,17]); there was no evidence of a different CKS between providers with > 20 years of experience compared with students/residents (OR 1.3 {[}0.5,3.7]). Administrative disconnect, usability, motivation, edu-cation, time, resources, and age influenced point-of-care medical information systems impact on knowledge and EBP. Participants reporting low English proficiency translated medical literature mostly used Google Translate. Those with low/no English reading proficiency had higher odds of reporting a negative impact on research than those with working (p = 0.007) or professional (p < 0.001) proficiency.CONCLUSIONS: Providing education on EBP, free UTD access, and translation solutions did not correlate with increased CKS due to complex barriers to using point-of-care medical information systems. (J Am Coll Surg 2023;236:484-494. (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Surgeons. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 {[}CCBY-NC-ND], where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commer-cially without permission from the journal.)}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Noble, H (Corresponding Author), 22 S Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. Noble, Helen, Univ Washington, Northern Pacific Global Hlth Fogarty Int Program, Seattle, WA USA. Senturia, Kirsten, Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA USA. Ordonez, Willy Jesus Neumann; Checa, David Ortega, Soc Cirujanos Gen Peru, Lima, Peru. Wong, Gabriela Zavala, Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Med Sch, Lima, Peru. Rodriguez, Manuel J., Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Dept Surg, Lima, Peru. Checa, David Ortega, Hosp Rebagliati, Dept Surg, Lima, Peru. Warne, Maria; LaGrone, Lacey Nicole, Univ Colorado Hlth, Med Ctr Rockies, Dept Surg, Loveland, CO USA. Jin, Ying; Peterson, Ryan, Univ Colorado, Anschutz Med Campus, Aurora, CO USA.}, DOI = {10.1097/XCS.0000000000000530}, ISSN = {1072-7515}, EISSN = {1879-1190}, Keywords-Plus = {COST-EFFECTIVENESS; QUALITY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Surgery}, Author-Email = {Helen.Noble@umm.edu}, Number-of-Cited-References = {53}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000968088900007}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000443426600003, Author = {Vail, Brennan and Morgan, Melissa C. and Spindler, Hilary and Christmas, Amelia and Cohen, Susanna R. and Walker, Dilys M.}, Title = {The power of practice: simulation training improving the quality of neonatal resuscitation skills in Bihar, India}, Journal = {BMC PEDIATRICS}, Year = {2018}, Volume = {18}, Month = {SEP 3}, Abstract = {Background: Globally, neonatal mortality accounts for nearly half of under-five mortality, and intrapartum related events are a leading cause. Despite the rise in neonatal resuscitation (NR) training programs in low-and middle-income countries, their impact on the quality of NR skills amongst providers with limited formal medical education, particularly those working in rural primary health centers (PHCs), remains incompletely understood. Methods: This study evaluates the impact of PRONTO International simulation training on the quality of NR skills in simulated resuscitations and live deliveries in rural PHCs throughout Bihar, India. Further, it explores barriers to performance of key NR skills. PRONTO training was conducted within CARE India's AMANAT intervention, a maternal and child health quality improvement project. Performance in simulations was evaluated using video-recorded assessment simulations at weeks 4 and 8 of training. Performance in live deliveries was evaluated in real time using a mobile-phone application. Barriers were explored through semi-structured interviews with simulation facilitators. Results: In total, 1342 nurses participated in PRONTO training and 226 NR assessment simulations were matched by PHC and evaluated. From week 4 to 8 of training, proper neck extension, positive pressure ventilation (PPV) with chest rise, and assessment of heart rate increased by 14\%, 19\%, and 12\% respectively (all p <= 0.01). No difference was noted in stimulation, suction, proper PPV rate, or time to completion of key steps. In 252 live deliveries, identification of non-vigorous neonates, use of suction, and use of PPV increased by 21\%, 25\%, and 23\% respectively (all p < 0.01) between weeks 1-3 and 4-8. Eighteen interviews revealed individual, logistical, and cultural barriers to key NR skills. Conclusion: PRONTO simulation training had a positive impact on the quality of key skills in simulated and live resuscitations throughout Bihar. Nevertheless, there is need for ongoing improvement that will likely require both further clinical training and addressing barriers that go beyond the scope of such training. In settings where clinical outcome data is unreliable, data triangulation, the process of synthesizing multiple data sources to generate a better-informed evaluation, offers a powerful tool for guiding this process.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Vail, B (Corresponding Author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, 550 16th St,4th Floor,Box 0110, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. Vail, Brennan; Morgan, Melissa C., Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, 550 16th St,4th Floor,Box 0110, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. Morgan, Melissa C., London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med, Maternal Adolescent Reprod \& Child Hlth Ctr, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, England. Morgan, Melissa C.; Spindler, Hilary; Walker, Dilys M., Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Global Hlth Sci, 550 16th St, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. Christmas, Amelia, PRONTO Int, State RMNCH A Unit, C-16 Krishi Nagar, Patna 80002, Bihar, India. Cohen, Susanna R., Univ Utah, Coll Nursing, 10 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Walker, Dilys M., Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet \& Gynecol \& Reprod Serv, 1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. Walker, Dilys M., PRONTO Int, 1820 E Thomas St APT 16, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12887-018-1254-0}, Article-Number = {291}, EISSN = {1471-2431}, Keywords = {Neonatal resuscitation; Bihar; India; Simulation Training; Barriers to Care}, Keywords-Plus = {EDUCATIONAL-IMPACT; NEWBORN CARE; MORTALITY; PROGRAM; IMPROVEMENTS; DELIVERY; DEATHS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Pediatrics}, Author-Email = {brennan.vail@ucsf.edu}, ORCID-Numbers = {Medvedev, Melissa/0000-0003-3457-8452}, Number-of-Cited-References = {37}, Times-Cited = {18}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {6}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000443426600003}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000466276500002, Author = {Karimi-Shahanjarini, Akram and Shakibazadeh, Elham and Rashidian, Arash and Hajimiri, Khadijeh and Glenton, Claire and Noyes, Jane and Lewin, Simon and Laurant, Miranda and Colvin, Christopher J.}, Title = {Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of doctornurse substitution strategies in primary care: a qualitative evidence synthesis}, Journal = {COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS}, Year = {2019}, Number = {4}, Abstract = {Background Having nurses take on tasks that are typically conducted by doctors (doctor-nurse substitution, a form of `task-shifting') may help to address doctor shortages and reduce doctors' workload and human resource costs. A Cochrane Review of effectiveness studies suggested that nurse-led care probably leads to similar healthcare outcomes as care delivered by doctors. This finding highlights the need to explore the factors that affect the implementation of strategies to substitute doctors with nurses in primary care. In our qualitative evidence synthesis (QES), we focused on studies of nurses taking on tasks that are typically conducted by doctors working in primary care, including substituting doctors with nurses or expanding nurses' roles. Objectives (1) To identify factors influencing implementation of interventions to substitute doctors with nurses in primary care. (2) To explore how our synthesis findings related to, and helped to explain, the findings of the Cochrane intervention review of the effectiveness of substituting doctors with nurses. (3) To identify hypotheses for subgroup analyses for future updates of the Cochrane intervention review. Search methods We searchedCINAHL and PubMed, contacted experts in the field, scanned the reference lists of relevant studies and conducted forward citation searches for key articles in the Social Science Citation Index and Science Citation Index databases, and `related article' searches in PubMed. Selection criteria We constructed a maximum variation sample (exploring variables such as country level of development, aspects of care covered and the types of participants) from studies that had collected and analysed qualitative data related to the factors influencing implementation of doctor-nurse substitution and the expansion of nurses' tasks in community or primary care worldwide. We included perspectives of doctors, nurses, patients and their families/carers, policymakers, programme managers, other health workers and any others directly involved in or affected by the substitution. We excluded studies that collected data using qualitative methods but did not analyse the data qualitatively. Data collection and analysis We identified factors influencing implementation of doctor-nurse substitution strategies using a framework thematic synthesis approach. Two review authors independently assessed the methodological strengths and limitations of included studies using a modified Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool. We assessed confidence in the evidence for the QES findings using the GRADE-CERQual approach. We integrated our findings with the evidence fromthe effectiveness review of doctor-nurse substitution using amatrixmodel. Finally, we identified hypotheses for subgroup analyses for updates of the review of effectiveness. Main results We included 66 studies (69 papers), 11 from low-or middle-income countries and 55 from high-income countries. These studies found several factors that appeared to influence the implementation of doctor-nurse substitution strategies. The following factors were based on findings that we assessed as moderate or high confidence. Patients in many studies knew little about nurses' roles and the difference between nurse-led and doctor-led care. They also had mixed views about the type of tasks that nurses should deliver. They preferred doctors when the tasks were more ` medical' but accepted nurses for preventive care and follow-ups. Doctors in most studies also preferred that nurses performed only ` non-medical' tasks. Nurses were comfortable with, and believed they were competent to deliver a wide range of tasks, but particularly emphasised tasks that were more health promotive/ preventive in nature. Patients in most studies thought that nurses were more easily accessible than doctors. Doctors and nurses also saw nurse-doctor substitution and collaboration as a way of increasing people's access to care, and improving the quality and continuity of care. Nurses thought that close doctor-nurse relationships and doctor's trust in and acceptance of nurses was important for shaping their roles. But nurses working alone sometimes found it difficult to communicate with doctors. Nurses felt they had gained new skills when taking on new tasks. But nurses wanted more and better training. They thought this would increase their skills, job satisfaction and motivation, and would make them more independent. Nurses taking on doctors' tasks saw this as an opportunity to develop personally, to gain more respect and to improve the quality of care they could offer to patients. Better working conditions and financial incentives also motivated nurses to take on new tasks. Doctors valued collaborating with nurses when this reduced their own workload. Doctors and nurses pointed to the importance of having access to resources, such as enough staff, equipment and supplies; good referral systems; experienced leaders; clear roles; and adequate training and supervision. But they often had problems with these issues. They also pointed to the huge number of documents they needed to complete when tasks were moved from doctors to nurses. Authors' conclusions Patients, doctors and nurses may accept the use of nurses to deliver services that are usually delivered by doctors. But this is likely to depend on the type of services. Nurses taking on extra tasks want respect and collaboration from doctors; as well as proper resources; good referral systems; experienced leaders; clear roles; and adequate incentives, training and supervision. However, these needs are not always met.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Shakibazadeh, E (Corresponding Author), Univ Tehran Med Sci, Dept Hlth Educ \& Hlth Promot, Tehran, Iran. Karimi-Shahanjarini, Akram, Hamadan Univ Med Sci, Dept Publ Hlth, Hamadan, Iran. Karimi-Shahanjarini, Akram, Hamadan Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr, Hamadan, Iran. Shakibazadeh, Elham, Univ Tehran Med Sci, Dept Hlth Educ \& Hlth Promot, Tehran, Iran. Rashidian, Arash, Univ Tehran Med Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Management \& Econ, Tehran, Iran. Hajimiri, Khadijeh, Zanjan Univ Med Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Educ \& Hlth Promot, Zanjan, Iran. Glenton, Claire; Lewin, Simon, Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Oslo, Norway. Noyes, Jane, Bangor Univ, Ctr Hlth Related Res, Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales. Lewin, Simon, South African Med Res Council, Hlth Syst Res Unit, Tygerberg, South Africa. Laurant, Miranda, Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, IQ Healthcare, Radboud Inst Hlth Sci, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Laurant, Miranda, HAN Univ Appl Sci, Inst Nursing Studies, Nijmegen, Netherlands. Colvin, Christopher J., Univ Cape Town, Sch Publ Hlth \& Family Med, Div Social \& Behav Sci, Cape Town, South Africa.}, DOI = {10.1002/14651858.CD010412.pub2}, Article-Number = {CD010412}, ISSN = {1469-493X}, EISSN = {1361-6137}, Keywords-Plus = {PRIMARY-HEALTH-CARE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ADVANCED PRACTICE NURSES; MENTAL-HEALTH; GENERAL-PRACTICE; PATIENTS EXPERIENCES; SELF-MANAGEMENT; DIABETES CARE; NURSING ROLES; TELEPHONE CONSULTATION}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Medicine, General \& Internal}, Author-Email = {shakibazadeh@tums.ac.ir}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Colvin, Christopher/AAB-8276-2019 Colvin, Christopher/AAQ-1607-2021 Glenton, Claire/GSE-3606-2022 Karimi, Akram/AAA-5080-2021 Shakibazadeh, Elham/X-6430-2018 Rashidian, Arash/E-5061-2011 Laurant, Miranda/H-6488-2015}, ORCID-Numbers = {Colvin, Christopher/0000-0002-8930-7863 Glenton, Claire/0000-0002-7558-7737 Karimi, Akram/0000-0002-2453-1389 Shakibazadeh, Elham/0000-0002-1320-2133 Laurant, Miranda/0000-0002-8826-3352}, Number-of-Cited-References = {231}, Times-Cited = {54}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {3}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {35}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000466276500002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000626662100001, Author = {van Niekerk, Lindi and Manderson, Lenore and Balabanova, Dina}, Title = {The application of social innovation in healthcare: a scoping review}, Journal = {INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF POVERTY}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {10}, Number = {1}, Month = {MAR 8}, Abstract = {Background: Social innovation has been applied increasingly to achieve social goals, including improved healthcare delivery, despite a lack of conceptual clarity and consensus on its definition. Beyond its tangible artefacts to address societal and structural needs, social innovation can best be understood as innovation in social relations, in power dynamics and in governance transformations, and may include institutional and systems transformations. Methods: A scoping review was conducted of empirical studies published in the past 10 years, to identify how social innovation in healthcare has been applied, the enablers and barriers affecting its operation, and gaps in the current literature. A number of disciplinary databases were searched between April and June 2020, including Academic Source Complete, CIHAHL, Business Source Complete Psych INFO, PubMed and Global Health. A 10-year publication time frame was selected and articles limited to English text. Studies for final inclusion was based on a pre-defined criteria. Results: Of the 27 studies included in this review, the majority adopted a case research methodology. Half of these were from authors outside the health sector working in high-income countries (HIC). Social innovation was seen to provide creative solutions to address barriers associated with access and cost of care in both low- and middle-income countries and HIC settings in a variety of disease focus areas. Compared to studies in other disciplines, health researchers applied social innovation mainly from an instrumental and technocratic standpoint to foster greater patient and beneficiary participation in health programmes. No empirical evidence was presented on whether this process leads to empowerment, and social innovation was not presented as transformative. The studies provided practical insights on how implementing social innovation in health systems and practice can be enhanced. Conclusions: Based on theoretical literature, social innovation has the potential to mobilise institutional and systems change, yet research in health has not yet fully explored this dimension. Thus far, social innovation has been applied to extend population and financial coverage, principles inherent in universal health coverage and central to SDG 3.8. However, limitations exist in conceptualising social innovation and applying its theoretical and multidisciplinary underpinnings in health research.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {van Niekerk, L (Corresponding Author), London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med, London, England. van Niekerk, Lindi; Balabanova, Dina, London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med, London, England. Manderson, Lenore, Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Publ Hlth, Johannesburg, South Africa. Manderson, Lenore, Monash Univ, Sch Social Sci, Clayton, Vic, Australia.}, DOI = {10.1186/s40249-021-00794-8}, Article-Number = {26}, ISSN = {2095-5162}, EISSN = {2049-9957}, Keywords = {Barriers to care; Healthcare; Social innovation; Systems change}, Keywords-Plus = {PUBLIC-HEALTH; ENTREPRENEURSHIP; INSTITUTIONS; CHALLENGES}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine}, Author-Email = {lindivn@gmail.com}, ORCID-Numbers = {Balabanova, Dina/0000-0001-7163-3428}, Number-of-Cited-References = {89}, Times-Cited = {18}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {5}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {34}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000626662100001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:001021685600002, Author = {Kim, Sunny Wonsun and Chen, Angela Chia -Chen and Ou, Lihong and Larkey, Linda and Todd, Michael and Han, Yooro}, Title = {Developing a Culturally and Linguistically Congruent Digital Storytelling Intervention in Vietnamese and Korean American Mothers of Human Papillomavirus-Vaccinated Children: Feasibility and Acceptability Study}, Journal = {JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH}, Year = {2023}, Volume = {7}, Abstract = {Background: The high morbidity, mortality, and economic burden attributed to cancer-causing human papillomavirus (HPV) call for researchers to address this public health concern through HPV vaccination. Disparities of HPV-associated cancers in Vietnamese and Korean Americans exist, yet their vaccination rates remain low. Evidence points to the importance of developing culturally and linguistically congruent interventions to improve their HPV vaccination rates. We adopted digital storytelling (DST) that combines oral storytelling with computer-based technology (digital images, audio recording, and music) as a promising approach for facilitating the communication of culturally relevant health messages.Objective: This study aimed to (1) assess the feasibility and acceptability of intervention development through DST workshops, (2) conduct an in-depth analysis of the cultural experience that shapes HPV attitudes, and (3) explore aspects of the DST workshop experience that could inform future formative and intervention work. Methods: Through community partners, social media, and snowball sampling, we recruited 2 Vietnamese American and 6 Korean American mothers (mean age 41.4, SD 5.8 years) who had children vaccinated against HPV. Three virtual DST workshops were conducted between July 2021 and January 2022. Our team supported mothers to develop their own stories. Mothers completed web-based surveys before and after the workshop and provided feedback on each other's story ideas and the workshop experience. We used descriptive statistics to summarize quantitative data and constant comparative analysis to analyze qualitative data collected in the workshop and field notes.Results: Eight digital stories were developed in the DST workshops. They were well accepted, and the mothers showed overall satisfaction and relevant indicators (eg, would recommend it to others, would attend a similar workshop, it was worth their time; mean 4.2-5, range 1-5). Mothers found the process rewarding and appreciated the opportunity to share their stories in group settings and learn from each other. The 6 major themes that emerged from the data reflect the mothers' rich personal experiences, attitudes, and perceptions about their child's HPV vaccination, which included (1) showing parents' love and responsibility; (2) HPV and related knowledge, awareness, and attitudes; (3) factors influencing vaccine decision-making; (4) source of information and information sharing; (5) response to children's being vaccinated; and (6) cultural perspectives on health care and HPV vaccination.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that a virtual DST workshop is a highly feasible and acceptable approach to engaging Vietnamese American and Korean American immigrant mothers in developing culturally and linguistically congruent DST interventions. Further research is needed to test the efficacy and effectiveness of digital stories as an intervention for Vietnamese American and Korean American mothers of unvaccinated children. This process of developing an easy-to-deliver, culturally and linguistically aligned, and holistic web-based DST intervention can be implemented with other populations in other languages.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Kim, SW (Corresponding Author), Arizona State Univ, Edson Coll Nursing \& Hlth Innovat, 500 N 3rd St MC 3020, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. Kim, Sunny Wonsun; Chen, Angela Chia -Chen; Ou, Lihong; Larkey, Linda; Todd, Michael; Han, Yooro, Arizona State Univ, Edson Coll Nursing \& Hlth Innovat, 500 N 3rd St MC 3020, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. Kim, Sunny Wonsun, Arizona State Univ, Edson Coll Nursing \& Hlth Innovat, 500 N 3rd St MC 3020, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA.}, DOI = {10.2196/45696}, Article-Number = {e45696}, EISSN = {2561-326X}, Keywords = {Vietnamese; Korean; Asia; cultural; digital storytelling; storytelling; story; stories; HPV; vaccine; vaccination; feasibility; digital intervention; mortality rate; ratio; odd; rate; deep analysis; social media; child; immigrant; mother; immunization; inoculation; inoculate; communication; culture; language; human papillomavirus; photo; video; digital; microphone; conversation; dialogue; Research Electronic Data Capture; voiceover; soundtrack; writing; write; script; health status; health insurance; survey; questionnaire; qualitative; constructivist; constructivism}, Keywords-Plus = {HPV VACCINE; KNOWLEDGE; BEHAVIOR; ONLINE; WOMEN}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services; Medical Informatics}, Author-Email = {Sunny.Kim@asu.edu}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Ou, Lihong/GPW-9210-2022}, ORCID-Numbers = {Kim, Sunny Wonsun/0000-0002-2926-2712 Todd, Michael/0000-0002-1981-4245 CHEN, ANGELA CHIA-CHEN/0000-0001-9153-7054 Ou, Lihong/0000-0002-4104-7935}, Number-of-Cited-References = {43}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:001021685600002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000450332600005, Author = {Derpmann, Simon}, Title = {Union's inspiration: Universal health care and the essential partiality of solidarity}, Journal = {BIOETHICS}, Year = {2018}, Volume = {32}, Number = {9, SI}, Pages = {569-576}, Month = {NOV}, Abstract = {Political struggles not only change social institutions and conventions, they also often shape normative language. Moral notions of lasting significance are like geological formations insofar as they are usually not formed in a void but under considerable pressure. While some notions are fundamentally linked to legal documents or academic treatises, others are mainly advanced in songs, pamphlets, or manifestos. Philosophical attempts to define these evolved notions are often sensitive to their particular histories in order to avoid detachment from common pre-theoretical usage. After all, moral theory would be ill-advised to rid itself of considered conceptual intuitions unless there are strong grounds for revision. Even though theoretical reflection may produce reasons to deviate from prevailing understandings of core moral notions, it must eventually rely on some form of a semantic orientation. The line between reconstructing and redefining moral notions is particularly hard to draw when it comes to comparatively young and polymorphic notions, such as solidarity. It is difficult to provide a finite definition of `solidarity', as the term has been appropriated in the pursuit of a variety of causes. Different theoretical reconstructions explicate solidarity as a form of unity, fraternity, civic friendship, charity, humanity, or camaraderie. Instead of reflecting on this variety of meanings, the present contribution examines the reference to solidarity within a specific context of moral debate. There are recurring calls for solidarity in contemporary oppositions to the erosion of the protective reliabilities of society, as it becomes manifest in the reduction, privatization, or stratification of both social security in general and health care in particular. In this context, solidarity is invoked as a relation that connects all members of society, providing a reason to accept or support the introduction or continuation of universal health care. In the following, I am concerned with the adequacy of the moral terminology implied in this line of reasoning. My claim is that - at least relative to the purpose of moral philosophy to provide a systematic, comprehensive, and fine-grained account of moral obligation - a specific partisan notion of solidarity is of greater systematic value to moral terminology than the alternative universal notion. At least one central strain of moral references to `solidarity' does not conceive it as a notion of universal moral inclusion, but of communal relatedness. This conception of solidarity imprints the term with a specific community-related perspective, i.e. the distinctive normative and motivational force of solidarity relations is taken to reside in a specific form of partiality toward significant groups like unions, cooperatives, parties, committees, etc. Ralph Chaplin's Solidarity Forever, for instance, memorably assigns the distinctive strength of references to solidarity to union's inspiration. In this understanding, the reference to solidarity bears a specific moral and political relevance because it conveys a normative insight to members of specific communities, explicating why they may be obliged to take a stand for a common cause, even if this involves going well beyond what can be expected of them merely qua moral subjects. I aim to show that a conception of `solidarity' that confines it to this decidedly partisan moral relation provides a significant contribution to moral philosophy because it grasps a specific and important facet of moral obligation. In the following, this structural feature of solidarity is discussed with regard to the moral foundation of health care policies. I argue that the demand to universal access to health care should be conceived as a matter of justice, decency, or humanity, rather than of solidarity, because the failure or refusal to provide adequate health coverage does not disregard individuals as members of specific communities, but as moral subjects. My argument for this terminological suggestion comes in three sections. The first section establishes a normative notion of solidarity as a source of - essentially partisan - communal obligations reflecting on shared identificatory attributes like convictions, social positions, or significant histories. Under this description, solidarity is understood to pose a particular type of special obligations, creating moral requirements that obtain apart from and beyond the demands of universal morality. The reference to solidarity unfolds a particular theoretical potential when it captures a distinct form of communality. The second section locates the normative foundation of calls for universal health care in the domain of justice by understanding the provision of basic health care as a right of every moral subject that is independent of normatively significant commonalities. The third section concludes that solidarity is a notion that does have a place in health-related norms, but that does not provide the best moral foundation of demands for universal health care. Rather, relations of solidarity establish forms of moral obligations that are indispensable when social systems fail to provide justice or reach their legitimate limits. The first step of the argument brings `solidarity' into view as a systematic term of moral philosophy as opposed to its role in sociology or political theory. This perspective focuses on solidarity as a relation that provides specific moral reasons, such as the reason to accept and obey practices of mutual assistance, to put oneself at risk or at a disadvantage for the benefit of others, to endure hardships for the common good, etc. Thus, the reference to solidarity within moral justification bears a discursive force in its own right. The main difficulty in the appropriation of solidarity to moral philosophy is to individuate and explicate a defining set of features of recognized uses of the term. Due to the variety of relations, attitudes, and dispositions that are commonly referred to as solidarity, no coherent notion can be expected to be able to simultaneously capture obligations toward humankind, or the exploited and the poor, among comrades and sisters in arms, and between the members of parties, teams, clubs, gangs, unions, collectives, and social movements. One reaction to this diagnosis is to accept that solidarity is a pluralistic notion that cannot be reduced to either of these meanings. However, this approach would possibly have to allow a very broad understanding of `solidarity' that could render the notion empty or incoherent. Such a conception of solidarity may pose no difficulties within everyday language, but it can be argued to be unsuitable for the kind of justification sought in moral philosophy. There are legitimate doubts about the confinement of moral notions like solidarity to the narrow boundaries of philosophical concepts for systematic purposes. However, if the language of moral philosophy is not to become artificial, it has to adopt notions of our common language and alter them to avoid incoherences. A moral account of solidarity is only of systematic value if the reference to `solidarity' captures a specific type of obligation that can be distinguished from other moral obligations. Without an explanation in what regards obligations of solidarity are different from, go beyond, or are more specific than obligations of justice, humanity, charity, fidelity, or loyalty, there is arguably no need for a distinct theory of solidarity within moral philosophy. Thus, a convincing exposition of solidarity should fulfill a condition of conceptual discriminability, and of irreducibility. If it is to play any significant role in moral philosophy, `solidarity' has to refer to a moral relation sui generis. Once some defining features of solidarity are established, the meaning of references to solidarity in debates about public health care can be addressed. In approaching a sound notion of solidarity, different accounts can be distinguished with regard to their position on its normative scope, i.e. with regard to the extension of the groups within which subjects are considered to have mutual obligations and corresponding claims of solidarity. The main dividing line that is relevant to the present context - to the analysis of the systematic function of references to solidarity within moral philosophy - must be drawn between universalist and partisan accounts of solidarity. Some prominent accounts of moral solidarity conceive it as a universal relation that extends to all humanity, or to all members of society, making solidarity the basis of a universal form of moral obligation. David Wiggins and Jurgen Habermas, for instance, invoke different notions of universal solidarity for different conceptual reasons. While Wiggins refers to solidarity in order to designate a fundamental form of a pre-reflective universal recognition implying negative duties, Habermas describes solidarity as a non-formal positive attitude of care complementing formal requirements of justice. Both accounts provide valuable insights into the nature of political and moral obligation. Yet, the competing understanding of solidarity as specific by virtue of its partiality comes with considerable systematic advantages. Wiggins understands solidarity as a fundamental moral relation that is characterized, among other things, by its universality. In this understanding, solidarity is a particular form of recognition that forms the basis of morality altogether. This form of recognition entails deontological constraints, but these constraints are not solely based on demands of reason. Thus, solidarity resembles Kantian respect in terms of the demands it poses, but with regard to the underlying attitude, solidarity resembles Humean sympathy. In the course of outlining obligations of solidarity, Wiggins identifies solidarity as `the {[} horizontal ellipsis ] thing that any human being owes to any or all other human beings, namely the solidum that is presupposed to the ordinary morality of all interaction between human beings'. As the very bedrock of moral relatedness, solidarity must extend to every moral subject alike. Solidarity is the basic form of recognition that interconnects moral subjects through their mutual consideration as bearers of a point of view that commands respect. Habermas brings forth a different account of solidarity, but he also uses the term to denote a relation with a universal extension. In this account: Solidarity {[} horizontal ellipsis ] is rooted in the realization that each person must take responsibility for the other because as consociates all must have an interest in the integrity of their shared life context in the same way. Justice conceived deontologically requires solidarity as its reverse side. Habermas distinguishes the fundamental moral demands of justice that are directly based on the principles of discourse from complementary demands of sympathy or care that are based on solidarity. While justice substantiates negative obligations, solidarity requires moral subjects to strive at promoting the welfare of others. Thus, Habermas supplements the discourse theory of morals with the relation of solidarity in order to be able to account for materially rich notions of social relatedness. However, in this description the `shared life-context' relevant to solidarity is not economic class, social position, or political stance but society as a whole. For Habermas, justice and solidarity differ with regard to the content of their obligation, yet they are similar in their universal scope, as solidarity is conceived of as extending toward all members of society. While both accounts capture an important aspect of moral and political obligation, their recourse to `solidarity' is not without problems. There is no incontestable argument that would be sufficient to reject these two notions of universal solidarity. While there is no `separate essence' of solidarity that could be referred to in order to argue for the conceptual necessity of solidarity's partiality, some features may reasonably be stipulated as being essential to solidarity with a view to its systematic function within moral philosophy. Thus, I aim to uncover some systematic disadvantages of assigning `solidarity' in the description of a universal relation within moral philosophy. The universal notion of solidarity misses - or deliberately excludes - something that is at the core of a competing account of solidarity. What is this feature of solidarity that is lost in its universalization? As indicated before, influential references to solidarity identify unity, cohesion, or community as essential elements of solidarity. The idea that is at the core of this understanding of solidarity can be illustrated with reference to a terminological precursor of `solidarity'. A legal construction of Roman civil law, the obligatio in solidum, describes a joint liability, or a liability for the whole, that is incurred when individual debtors assume responsibility for a collective loan. Accordingly, one can argue that obligations of solidarity require a solidum, i.e. some form of an entirety or a whole that serves as a point of reference in the content of solidary obligations. Wiggins understands the solidum to refer to the firmness of solidarity by making the relation of solidarity `the root of the ethical', or the hard core of morality. For Habermas, the solidum may be society as a whole comprising moral subjects viewed as consociates. These references to a solidum, however, have to be distinguished from those that base solidarity in communal relations entailing significant forms of relatedness that go beyond the obligations of moral subjects qua moral subjects. Solidarity qua partisan relation refers to a morally significant solidum in terms of a wholeness or unity of distinct communities. The question with regard to universal solidarity is what the reference to a solidum contributes normatively beyond the consideration of others as mere moral subjects. In the case of partial solidarity, significant commonalities determine the range and the dimension of specific obligations of solidarity. If a solidary community is of moral significance, then it must entail a relevant distinction between subjects as members of the community and others as - mere - moral subjects, just like friends, comrades, or family members have to make this distinction in order to satisfy the normative implications entailed in friendship, camaraderie, or family. The moral significance that is missing in accounts of universal solidarity concerns the role of expressions like `my' or `our' as irreducible constituents of moral reasons that are indicative of communal obligation. In this manner, the reference to others as `my friend', `my sister', or `my ally' expresses a structural characteristic of morally significant relations within a community. Thus, the obligation toward one's own community is not merely an obligation toward some community based on a neutral moral property but on a reason that necessarily entails a reference to the bearer of the obligation. This demonstrates that the universal relation that Wiggins and Habermas have in mind cannot be regarded as one specific form of - a human or a moral - solidarity that may coexist with narrower forms of national, ethnic, cultural, or political solidarities. The problem is that human solidarity lacks the significant reference to a solidum. While there is a difference between characterizing someone as a friend or a comrade and referring to her as one's own friend or as my comrade, it is plainly difficult to comprehend what would distinguish someone as `my fellow human' from someone as merely `a human'. The solidarity within civil rights movements or political unions requires a reference to others in relation to the subject of solidarity exposing their significant commonality as feminists, homosexuals, workers, anarchists, etc. Thus understood, relations of solidarity, and the entitlements and obligations associated with them, only extend to those who are related via significant commonalities, and the content of solidary obligations is explained and limited by these commonalities as well. This structural difference between agent-relative and neutral moral reasons suggests that the notions of universal and partisan solidarity are incompatible; but this does not imply that the universal notion has to give way to the partisan notion of solidarity. My argument rests on the assumption that, while the notion of partisan solidarity captures a specific moral phenomenon for which there is no comparable alternative, the partisan conception does not take anything away from those accounts that refer to universal solidarity, because other established moral notions like humanity, charity, or beneficence suffice to capture what appears to be invoked in references to universal solidarity. While it is impossible to pre-decide this issue for all potential conceptions of universal solidarity, the relation that Wiggins has in mind may be re-described as humanity, compassion, or fellow-feeling, or maybe as a basic form of moral recognition. At any rate, other terms than `solidarity', which is commonly associated with a much more specific meaning, may be conceived as fitting to describe such a fundamental form of moral relatedness. Similarly, one may concede that Habermas makes a valid material point to emphasize positive obligations between all members of society. Yet, there may be alternative notions, like care, mutual concern, or civility, that capture what Habermas has in mind. If using the term solidarity to describe universal moral relations leaves a specific form of moral obligation without a label, more needs to be said about the distinctiveness of the communality that is supposed to be entailed in this form of moral obligation. Solidarity is often regarded as an inherently inclusive ideal to counter the narrowness of commitments to blood, soil, and nation. This appears to be incompatible with the defense of an essentially partial, and thus exclusive, notion of solidarity. However, solidarity cannot only be distinguished from universally inclusive obligations, but also from immediate and exclusive forms of moral relatedness like patriotism, friendship, or loyalty. Thus conceived, solidarity comprises a very specific strain of a wider set of what may be considered associative obligations. These obligations, in turn, belong to a wider class of special obligations comprising contractual duties, reparative duties, and duties of gratitude. Solidarity's normative force depends on meaningful commonalities like a joint struggle, a common ideal of a good life, or a social utopia, in relation to which a solidary subject positions herself, while being aware that others do the same. Solidarity is special insofar as it contains a shared partisan involvement with a group that is not strategic, but that is nonetheless `mediated by thought and belief'. Due to its normative foundation in reflected commitments, solidarity tends to be more inclusive than immediate ties of kith and kin. Even though solidarity is - inevitably - more exclusive than humanity, it allows for inclusion of those who are willing to join with an identificatory commitment. If solidarity relations pertain to a specific form of communal obligation which holds some significance in moral life, and for the description of which moral philosophy possesses no viable alternative, then abandoning this notion noticeably impoverishes moral language. This pragmatic argument about philosophical terminology does not question the existence of universal obligations, but it suggests that the term solidarity is misplaced in the denotation of universal obligations or affiliations; or at least that the decision to understand solidarity as universal is accompanied by a systematic disadvantage to moral philosophy. In the remainder, I am interested in the possible normative role of this account of solidarity within bioethics and health justice. The previous argument does not, by itself, show that the term solidarity is misplaced in the formulation of moral demands for universal health care. In order to substantiate this thesis, more needs to be said about the vindication of health-related claims and obligations. My terminological suggestion presupposes that public health care is not - or at least not primarily - a matter of communal or partisan obligation, even though the prevalent vocabulary of health care entails some conceptual vicinity to notions like solidarity. The extent to which the moral demand to universal health care can be argued to be based on solidarity depends on the general nature of the normative foundation of the provision of public health care. According to the broad WHO definition, universal health care or coverage exists when `all individuals and communities receive the health services they need without suffering financial hardship'. Beyond safeguarding access to health services, which can be realized through different types of government interventions from providing health services to structuring public and private insurance schemes, universal health coverage also extends to public health measures addressing disease prevention or health equality. In the first instance, universality is defined in relation to existing societies, requiring all members, citizens, or residents to be adequately protected against the contingency of disease and infirmity. Solidarity is often invoked in this context because it is considered to be closely connected to core mechanisms of health protection, such as the mutual assistance and the socialization of the costs of health protection and health services. Depending on the extent of commodification, i.e. on the absence of government intervention regarding premiums, redistribution, coverage, compulsory membership, etc., some health care regimes rely on conventional insurance models, while others operate through different forms of government intervention. The fundamental distinction to be made concerns different ideas of the socialization of health-related burdens and risks. Many forms of protection against disability, fire, theft, debt default, etc. are covered through insurance policies that are privately offered on markets. In these schemes, individuals pay risk-equivalent premiums to a common fund in order to pool resources that are distributed to individuals suffering the harm covered by the respective scheme of collective protection. The principle underlying these forms of insurance - an idea that increasingly governs systems of private health insurance as well - does not rest on a moral notion of solidarity at all, as the rationale for participation is fully reducible to a non-moral motivation of self-interest. In fact, one of the major criticisms of the privatization of health insurance is directed at the loss of solidarity involved in individualization and the crowding out of poor-risk patients. In contrast to the market model of health insurance, most forms of state-regulated or state-run health care are not organized in the form of a collection of risk-equivalent premiums but entail some redistributive measures, such as the provision or support of social health insurance or tax-based financing of health services. Public health systems deliberately ignore factors like age, gender, social status, or pre-existing health conditions that have an impact on the estimated costs of health services to be covered in the case of maternity, illness, or injury. This renunciation to select, isolate, and exclude poor risks may be considered an institutionalization of a genuinely moral form of solidarity. This moral notion of solidarity as a measure to socialize risk and burdens is ubiquitous in the development of the welfare state. Thus, references to solidarity in the context of health provision may be considered rudiments of the normative frameworks of initial efforts to establish social health care that were conceived to replace vanishing traditional forms of social protection. Toward the establishment of universal public health care, local protective institutions like the family, tribe, or village are gradually supplemented or replaced by initially delineated communities of a company's workforce, the members of a cooperative, a union, craft, or class. The history of the development of public health care is permeated with references to solidarity as an ideal of moral inclusion. Thus, the historic achievement of the modern welfare state could be seen in its incorporation of numerous local solidarities into a single all-encompassing system of solidarity as it may be found in programs of social health insurance and tax-based health systems. If original forms of social protection are describable as forms of solidarity, then the public provision in systems of universal health care may be argued to be an extension of the initially limited forms of group solidarity toward a universal solidarity within society as a whole. One could argue that the development of a separation of privately organized insurance schemes from a universal system of health care runs contrary to the modern process of expanding health insurance and solidarity instead of fragmenting or restricting it. Thus conceived, solidarity would be an adequate normative reference condemning trends toward atomization and self-reliance, and away from the collectivization of health risks. Despite the initial plausibility of this description, the previous distinctions suggest that the relations of solidarity within initially separate schemes of insurance and social protection undergo a substantial transformation by being universalized, thus possibly calling for a description in a different moral vocabulary. The normative innovation that is entailed in the shift from communal toward universal inclusion in health care provision is decisive to the present argument regarding moral terminology. It suggests that universal health care is better justified in a different vocabulary than that of solidarity. There is a fundamental argument that casts conceptual doubt on the idea of understanding solidarity as a foundation of universal health coverage. Even though many factual instances of health care provision may be described as based on solidarity, there is a decisive difference to the moral foundation of universal health care. In order to conform with the previous understanding, the reference to solidarity in arguments supporting universal health care would require a commonality that serves as the solidum substantiating health-related obligations of solidarity. However, the principle of universal inclusion appears to contradict the supposition of a solidum that would substantiate a distinction between members and non-members. One evident candidate for such a commonality would be the human vulnerability to disease, infirmity, or injury. In this line of argument, health claims could be considered to be based on a shared vulnerability that transcends individual claims of justice stemming from general attributes. However, the attempt to base health-related moral claims on a commonality of human vulnerability that unites all human individuals is not convincing. Rather than some form of a commonality, the universal presence of a morally relevant feature appears to do the normative work here. It is hard to comprehend how the universal vulnerability to disease and infirmity would serve as an identificatory point of reference to substantiate moral obligations toward others beyond their significance as moral subjects. In contrast to the universal fragility, the commonality of the specific situation of persons with AIDS or cancer can be conceived as such a point of reference, which is reflected in the membership of patient associations. Another problem of accounts of health-related universal solidarity is that they seem unable to show what this basal identification would add to our idea of moral obligation. If all humans share this vulnerability to disease and infirmity, then all that they could be said to owe to one another as vulnerable subjects is already encompassed in their obligations toward one another as human beings. The alternative to understanding moral demands on health care as stemming from some morally significant commonality is to devise them as universally dispersed entitlements of justice. In this understanding, claims to health do not go beyond the basic forms of moral obligation, and thus require no special obligation. They are neither supererogatory nor are they based in some special form of communality. This idea is reflected as a right to health, which - even though more has to be said about its peculiar object - is widely regarded as a fundamental human right. While the borders of nation-states inevitably set a frame for the political implementation of moral demands to health, the justification of these demands does not depend on the reference to this contingent frame. The reference to a `human right' to health suggests that moral claims to health are not morally based in membership, or citizenship, but in the status of moral persons. There are two conceptual advantages to conceiving of claims to health in terms of justice, rather than solidarity. First, based on the distinction between communal and universal forms of obligation, solidarity remains available as a powerful reference to a specific form of communal obligation that obliges members of specific groups like unions, civil rights movements, political associations, cultural collectives, etc. toward each other beyond neutral morality. Second, the moral significance of health-related claims is reflected in the fact that they are not inferred from a commonality complementing the fundamental demands of morality, but they are situated at the center of social morality. Condemning the absence of sufficient health services by bemoaning a lack of solidarity may not be misconceived entirely, but it does not address the gravity of the moral offense entailed in violating or neglecting demands of justice. The rights-based argument for universal health care can be approached in different ways. It can be interpreted as stemming from a right to a specific health status, as a right to a range of health care services, or as the right to the opportunity to participate in an adequate system of health protection. While these distinctions are of importance when it comes to evaluating health systems, the point in the context of the present analysis is that there is a vindication of moral claims to the provision of health care that is independent of considerations of solidarity, because these claims are independent of a normatively relevant solidum. In theories of justice, health is widely understood as a universally valued good that is worthy of protection, and whose importance generates strong obligations for society, obligations to corresponding rights. However, the reference to a right to health, if understood as a right to be healthy, arguably contains a mistake about the possible objects of moral entitlements. The crucial issue is that the adequate object corresponding to a right cannot be a status, but it must be an action, or a set of rules or an institution. While societies do have an impact on population health through measures of environmental awareness, workplace safety, education, etc., health is something that cannot be unconditionally owed to a person. The right to a certain health status at any rate poses an unreasonable, or even an unrealizable demand. This problem leads to the assumption that there is no right to health, but only to health-related resources and services like vaccines and vaccinations, X-rays, counseling, appendectomies, etc. Accordingly, legal interpretations of the right to health acknowledge that it `must be understood as a right to the enjoyment of a variety of facilities, goods, services, and conditions necessary for the realization of the highest attainable standard of health'. This further criterion regarding the range of health services by reference to their adequacy to achieve the `highest attainable standard' of health is particularly instructive, because it shows that the mere reference to a right to health care is incomplete. The modified reference to a health status that is not absolute but relative to specific personal and social conditions serves the purpose of delineating a reasonable, but possibly comprehensive, standard of what can be reasonably required in the promotion of health. The reason not to understand the right to health by reference to a fixed catalogue of health services is that the legitimate requirements on health systems depend on the available resources. The right to health as a right to the highest attainable standard of health can thus be understood as a right to the opportunity to achieve a standard of health that is realizable under the prevailing social circumstances. The point that is crucial to the present inquiry is that these justifications of the provision of public health care may - or even should - forgo references to a form of solidarity that is based on significant commonalities. Basic health care can be argued to be a demand of justice, and should not be translated to a demand of solidarity, as this shift of terminology has moral implications. There is a justified demand for universal health care that does not appeal to our specific commonality as beings that are vulnerable to disease and injury or to our membership in specific communities, but that is simply based on the fundamental intrinsic and instrumental importance of health. As the main topic of the present inquiry is moral terminology, my primary aim is not to substantiate the material commitments regarding health-related moral claims that have been incurred along the way but to specify the role of solidarity in the justification of public health care. An admittedly surprising result is that the foundation of moral claims to health via health rights may be subsumed under the Habermasian conception of solidarity. However, my disagreement with Habermas does not concern his substantiation of universal claims to positive measures of assistance but the choice of terminology relative to the functions of moral theory. Thus, my concern regarding the universalization of the term solidarity, and its subsequent suitability to communal obligations, remains. The problem of the universal notion of solidarity in this context consists of the dilemma of either providing an insufficient substantiation of fundamental health-related moral claims or of diluting a notion of communal relatedness that is relevant in other situations. Two more points should be made in order to better grasp the potential role of references to a moral notion of solidarity. The previous characterization of solidarity indicates that philosophical conceptions of solidarity remain relative in at least three regards. First, the field of obligations associated with solidarity depends on normative background assumptions incurred in philosophical accounts of morality. Relations of partial solidarity do not necessarily replace or outweigh universal forms of moral obligation. They constitute merely one dimension in a complex fabric of interpersonal moral relations. If solidarity is conceived of as a type of a special duty, i.e. as a form of obligation that exceeds the demands of neutral morality, then the potential range of obligations of solidarity depends upon what is included in the sphere of general moral obligation, and what is not. This points to a second relativity of solidarity as a moral notion. As indicated before, the moral force of obligations of solidarity depends on the moral legitimacy of the commonalities generating solidarity relations. On the one hand, moral obligations stemming from solidarity can be overridden by demands of justice, but, on the other hand, they also have to meet an internal criterion of moral adequacy. The partisan conception of solidarity does not imply that any form of commonality can be invoked to establish a special obligation toward the members of a group. From a sociological perspective, the cohesion within the mafia or among White supremacists may be described as solidarity, but in virtue of the repulsiveness of their ideological foundation, these relations do not have to be accounted for as morally binding because the immoral content of a common conviction can operate as a defeating reason to the moral validity of its role as an identificatory commonality. In this sense, solidarity is normatively dependent without being reducible to neutral morality. Finally, the importance of relations of solidarity is dependent on the social environment in which they arise. This may, in part, explain the current social reversion to the vocabulary of solidarity. Within just societies, solidarity provides a reference point in the self-location of individuals within identificatory communities. This function is important to the generation and embedding of individual personalities. However, under non-ideal circumstances, solidarity may assume a core function in the enforcement of basic moral claims, and in the compensation of the shortfalls of social institutions. Two reasons appear to be pressing for conceptual clarity when making reference to solidarity. First, there is a danger of underrating the moral weight of claims to health care. In the understanding defended above, solidarity is imprinted with the idea that its obligations are special insofar as they go beyond what persons owe one another as moral subjects. Overstretching this notion opens the possibility of understanding the inadequate provision of health care as something that is regrettable, but that is outside the domain of justice. Solidarity marks those obligations that stem from their relatedness as members of morally significant communities. The obligation to provide a social system of protection against the harms caused by disease and injury extends to persons irrespective of their class, heritage, or belonging. Meeting this basic demand does not mark the solidarity of a society, but its decency. It is not something that must be justified by reference to an additional condition like a morally significant commonality. Second, relations of solidarity provide extremely important normative and motivational resources of social engagement. The preceding argument does not imply that solidarity is dispensable when it comes to analyzing and posing moral demands and corresponding obligations that are related to health. Beyond this, solidarity as a social relation and the obligations that it generates can be argued to be particularly relevant in times of crisis. Solidarity is less likely to be invoked in societies that manage to avoid the emergence of grave inequalities, discrimination, or injustice, than in societies that are unwilling or unable to provide adequate frameworks for just cooperation. The normative and motivational force of the ties invoked by solidarity is particularly relevant when basic moral demands are not met, and all non-ideal societies are in need of these kinds of solidarities. When Greece was hit by economic crisis and austerity, food solidarity centers, social kitchens, and solidarity clinics emerged throughout the country to countervail the gaps left after the retreat of government from the provision of welfare. In this manner, local solidarities may prove crucial in mitigation the effects of social regression. Similarly, the civil society in the United States may be forced revert to these mechanisms of social protection when those with no or low income and those vulnerable to disease and infirmity - i.e. the poor and the poor-risks - are effectively deprived of access to health care through market expansion and government retreat. The call for the emergence of solidarity in these contexts, however, should be strictly distinguished from the indignation about the absence of justice. It is in these contexts that a precise notion of solidarity is required so that it can unfold its full normative potential and the motivational force of union's inspiration. The main concern of the previous argument is that a notion of universal solidarity is employed at the cost of the ability to give expression to a different moral idea of a wide but nonetheless thick communality. Ralph Chaplin considered solidarity to be able to summon a power greater than hoarded gold and greater than the might of armies, and it seems like the power of establishing this form of communality is one of the reasons for the ubiquity of references to solidarity. The actual relations of solidarity may not vanish due to a lack of vocabulary to refer to them, but their potential to generate moral action may decrease as a result of our inability to discern them. The author declares no conflict of interest. See e.g. Stjerno, S. (2005). Solidarity in Europe. The history of an idea. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. A topography of the term is offered in Bayertz, K. (1999). Four uses of ``solidarity{''}. In K. Bayertz (Ed.), Solidarity (pp. 3-28). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic.See e.g. ter Meulen, R., Arts, W., \& Muffels, R. (Eds.). (2001). Solidarity in health and social care in Europe. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic. The famous first lines run as follows: `When the union's inspiration through the workers' blood shall run, there can be no power greater anywhere beneath the sun. Yet what force on earth is weaker than the feeble strength of one, for the union makes us strong'. Chaplin, of course, does not just refer to a principle of unity or union, but to the union as a form of political organization. However, union - qua relation of unity - is a defining principle of the type of organizations - like trade unions or cooperatives - that Chaplin praises.A similar argument can be found in Butler, S. (2012). A dialectic of cooperation and competition: Solidarity and universal health care provision. Bioethics, 26, 351-360. Butler understands solidarity as one of the four tiers of social competition and cooperation. His conclusion is that `whatever justifications might exist for universal health care provision, none of them are properly referred to as being based in solidarity' (ibid: p. 351). Another defense of a partisan conception of solidarity is advanced in Heyd, D. (2015). Solidarity:A local, partial and reflective emotion. Diametros, 43, 55-64.For the distinction between prescriptive and descriptive notions of solidarity in bioethics, see Prainsack, B., \& Buyx, A. (2012). Solidarity in contemporary bioethics - Towards a new approach. Bioethics, 26, 343-350. See also Kolers, A. (2016). A moral theory of solidarity. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, p. 28.This implies that solidarity's role in moral philosophy amounts to more than that of a `shaping sensibility'. See Jennings, B., \& Dawson, A. (2015). Solidarity in the moral imagination of bioethics. Hastings Center Report, 45, 31-38.On this dilemma, see Prainsack \& Buyx, op. cit. note 5, p. 344.This does not only mean that solidarity must be distinguishable from other norms, but it also excludes accounts of solidarity that consider it a mere instrument in the pursuit of superordinate objects like justice or non-discrimination. While some forms of solidarity may be embedded in struggles for justice, this does not warrant the strong claim that `justice implicates solidarity', as suggested in Jennings \& Dawson, op. cit. note 6, p. 38. If solidarity was merely instrumental to justice, there would be nothing wrong with breaches of solidarity, as long as they promote - or are intended to promote - overall justice.For a discussion of Wiggins, see Nagel, T. (2010). Wiggins on human solidarity. In T. Nagel (Ed.), Secular philosophy and the religious temperament: Essays 2002-2008 (pp. 147-152). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. See also Derpmann, S. (2014). Solidarity, moral recognition, and communality. In A. Laitinen \& A. Pessi (Eds.), Solidarity: Theory and practice (pp. 105-125). Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.Wiggins, D. (2009). Solidarity and the root of the ethical. Tijdschrift voor Filosofie, 71, 239-269.Habermas, J. (1990). Justice and solidarity: On the discussion concerning stage 6. In T. E. Wren (Ed.), The moral domain (pp. 224-251). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, p. 244. A critical reflection of the universality entailed in Habermas' account can be found in Wildt, A. (1999). Solidarity: Its history and contemporary definition. In K. Bayertz (Ed.), Solidarity (pp. 209-220). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic, p. 216.Regarding the extension of solidarity in Habermas' conception, see Rehg, W. (1994). Insight and solidarity. A study in the discourse ethics of Jurgen Habermas. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, pp. 107-111. Rehg does not reject this account, but he criticizes that Habermas does not sufficiently distinguish moral solidarity from more concrete lifeworld solidarities. Beyond this, I argue that the admission of a notion of moral, i.e. universal solidarity undermines the crucial structure of `lifeworld solidarities' as essentially partial.Wildt, op. cit. note 11, p. 218.Both Axel Honneth and Rainer Forst observe that the point of solidarity is lost in Habermas's conception due to the absence of an element of `particularism'. See Honneth, A. (2007). Disrespect. The normative foundations of critical theory (pp. 99-128). Cambridge, UK: Polity Press and Forst, R. (2002). Contexts of justice. Political philosophy beyond liberalism and communitarianism (p. 304, note 21). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.Richard Rorty places this morally significant `we' at the heart of his conception of solidarity: `The force of ``us{''} is typically contrastive in the sense that it contrasts with a ``they{''}, which is also made up of human beings'. See Rorty, R. (1989). Contingency, irony, and solidarity. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. A distinction of different meanings of this `we' can be found in Dean, J. (1995). Reflective solidarity. Constellations, 2, 114-140, 124 ff.This is why Heyd rejects ter Meulen's notion of a `humanitarian solidarity' based `on identification with the values of humanity and responsibility for the other'. See Heyd, op. cit. note 4, p. 57.For the limits to universal solidarity and the relation between local, national, and cosmopolitan solidarities, see Derpmann, S. (2009). Solidarity and cosmopolitanism. Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, 12, 303-315.Ronald Dworkin defines these obligations as `{[} horizontal ellipsis ] the special responsibilities social practice attaches to membership in some biological or social group, like the responsibilities of family or friends or neighbors'. See Dworkin, R. (1986). Law's empire. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, p. 196. A similar terminology is given by Scheffler, S. (2001). Boundaries and allegiances: Problems of justice and responsibility in liberal thought. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, pp. 48-49.See Heyd, op. cit. note 4, p. 59. In a similar manner, Jodi Dean defends a `reflective' understanding of solidarity. See Dean, op. cit. note 15. Avery Kolers highlights this aspect as well, as he understands solidarity - as distinguished from loyalty - to be primarily based on a reason, not on a prior connection to a group. See Kolers, op. cit. note 5, p. 44 ff.Problematic examples may be those where the common commitment itself is exclusionary. While anyone may join the cause of suffragettes and suffragists, tax resisters, guerrilla gardeners, or dadaists, specific groups are excluded in the very content of the ideologies that unite White supremacists, sexists, etc.WHO. (2016). Fact sheet: Universal health coverage (UHC). Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs395/en/. Accessed on March 6, 2018.See e.g. Borner, S. (2013). Belonging, solidarity and expansion in social policy. Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, p. 35 ff. and Weale, A. (1990). Equality, social solidarity, and the welfare state. Ethics, 100, 473-488. In many cases, this form of insurance solidarity, however, is far from being universal. If individuals are granted the opportunity to opt out of insurance schemes that host high-cost risks, thereby reducing their own fees as well as the socially available funds for redistribution, there is no solidarity in a comprehensive sense but rather solidarity within coexisting social groups.For a systematic account of solidarity with regard to its relation to health care, see Jaeggi, R. (2011). Solidarity and indifference. In R. ter Meulen, W. Arts, \& R. Muffels (Eds.), Solidarity in health and social care in Europe (pp. 287-308). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic.There is a general problem concerning the term `universal' in this context, as the universalism of moral theory is contradicted by the localism of its implementation in national health systems. Even though quite a number of moral demands are spelled out in universal terms, the moral claim to health is primarily implemented through the rights of citizens or residents of nation states. Thus, one could object that all existing health systems are partial toward the members of specific societies, and that they may be regarded to be morally based in national solidarity. The recognition of a universal demand to health is not exhausted in the protection and promotion of health of citizens of a particular state but would require the consideration of any moral subject. I will widely bypass this fundamental complexity that affects all theories of political justice and focus on universal health-related moral claims within given societies. The following section reconstructs the normative foundation of health systems by reference to a universal right to health as it is formulated in UN conventions, while its implementation is de facto translated to the fragmented responsibilities of nation states.This argument is also made by Heyd, op. cit. note 4, pp. 62-63.For institutional formulations - and interpretations of this right, see Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. (2000). Substantive issues arising in the implementation of the international covenant on economic, social and cultural rights. General comment No. 14. ``The right to the highest attainable standard of health.{''} Retrieved from http://www.refworld.org/docid/4538838d0.html. Accessed on March 6, 2018.On this argument, see Hessler, K., \& Buchanan, A. (2002). Specifying the content of the human right to health care. In R. Rhodes, M. Battin, \& A. Silvers (Eds.), Medicine and social justice: Essays on the distribution of health (pp. 84-101). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.See CESCR, op. cit. note 27, art. 12, sec 9.Daniels recognizes the need for this extension of his initial account. See Daniels, N. (2008). Just health. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, pp. 2-3. On this topic, see also Wolff, J. (2012). The human right to health. New York, NY: W. W. Norton \& Company, pp. 13-34. INTRODUCTION: FORGING `SOLIDARITY' SOLIDARITY AS A MORAL IDEA Solidarity as a relation sui generis Solidarity as a form of communal obligation THE MORALS OF HEALTH CARE Solidarity and universal health care Health and human rights SOLIDARITY AND HEALTH POLICY The relationality of solidarity The importance of telling solidarity and justice apart CONFLICT OF INTEREST Footnotes Solidarity is commonly invoked in the justification of public health care. This is understandable, as calls for and appeals to solidarity are effective in the mobilization of unison action and the willingness to incur sacrifices for others. However, the reference to solidarity as a moral notion requires caution, as there is no agreement on the meaning of solidarity. The article argues that the reference to solidarity as a normative notion is relevant to health-related moral claims, but that it does not provide a convincing foundation of claims to universal health care. References to universal solidarity obliterate an important distinction between those moral demands that are founded on principles like justice, recognition, or humanity, and those demands that stem from partisan relations in communities. While there is no `separate essence' of solidarity that could be referred to in order to argue for the conceptual necessity of solidarity's partiality, some features may reasonably be stipulated as being essential to solidarity with a view to its systematic function within moral philosophy. The normative and motivational force of the ties invoked by solidarity is particularly relevant when basic moral demands are not met, and societies are in need of significant forms of communal relatedness.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Derpmann, S (Corresponding Author), Westfalische Wilhelms Univ, Philosoph Seminar, Dompl 23, D-48143 Munster, Germany. Derpmann, Simon, Univ Munster, Dept Philosophy, Munster, Germany.}, DOI = {10.1111/bioe.12444}, ISSN = {0269-9702}, EISSN = {1467-8519}, Keywords = {health care; justice; partiality; solidarity; universality; welfare state}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Ethics; Medical Ethics; Social Issues; Social Sciences, Biomedical}, Author-Email = {simon.derpmann@wwu.de}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Baldissera, Annalisa/AHD-6334-2022 Fazli, Ghazal/AAE-8320-2022 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Derpmann, Simon/0000-0002-5851-1298}, Number-of-Cited-References = {29}, Times-Cited = {3}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {28}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {333}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000450332600005}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000742647300002, Author = {Lagunes-Cordoba, Emmeline and Alcala-Lozano, Ruth and Lagunes-Cordoba, Roberto and Fresan-Orellana, Ana and Jarrett, Manuela and Gonzalez-Olvera, Jorge and Thornicroft, Graham and Henderson, Claire}, Title = {Evaluation of an anti-stigma intervention for Mexican psychiatric trainees}, Journal = {PILOT AND FEASIBILITY STUDIES}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {8}, Number = {1}, Month = {JAN 14}, Abstract = {Background There is research evidence regarding the presence of stigmatising attitudes in psychiatrists towards people with mental illness, but a lack of studies and interventions focused on this issue in low and middle-income countries. Aims To assess the feasibility of implementing an anti-stigma intervention for Mexican psychiatric trainees, and its potential effects. Methods This study comprised a pre-post design with outcome measures compared between baseline and 3-month follow-up. Quantitative outcome measures were used to evaluate the potential effects of the intervention, whilst the process evaluation required the collection and analysis of both quantitative and qualitative data. Results Twenty-nine trainees (25\% of those invited) participated in the intervention, of whom 18 also participated in the follow-up assessment. Outcome measures showed the intervention had moderately large effects on reducing stereotypes and the influence of other co-workers on trainees' own attitudes. The main mechanisms of impact identified were recognition of negative attitudes in oneself and colleagues, self-reflection about the impact of stigma, one's own negative attitudes and recognition of one's ability to make change. Participants accepted and were satisfied with the intervention, which many considered should be part of their routine training. However, trainees' work overload and lack of support from the host organisation were identified as barriers to implement the intervention. Conclusions A brief anti-stigma intervention for Mexican psychiatric trainees is feasible, potentially effective, well accepted and was considered necessary by participants. This study also suggests mechanisms of impact and mediators should be considered for developing further interventions, contributing to reducing the damaging effects that mental health-related stigma has on people's lives.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Lagunes-Cordoba, E (Corresponding Author), Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat Psychol \& Neurosci, Hlth Serv \& Populat Res Dept, De Crespigny Pk, London SE5 8AF, England. Lagunes-Cordoba, Emmeline, Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat Psychol \& Neurosci, Hlth Serv \& Populat Res Dept, De Crespigny Pk, London SE5 8AF, England. Alcala-Lozano, Ruth; Fresan-Orellana, Ana, Inst Nacl Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente Muniz, Lab Neuromodulac, Subdirecc Invest Clin, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. Lagunes-Cordoba, Roberto, Univ Veracruzana, Inst Invest Psicol, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. Jarrett, Manuela, Univ London, Sch Hlth Sci City, London, England. Gonzalez-Olvera, Jorge, Comis Nacl Prevenc Adicc, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. Thornicroft, Graham, Kings Coll London, Ctr Global Mental Hlth, Inst Psychiat Psychol \& Neurosci, London, England. Thornicroft, Graham; Henderson, Claire, Kings Coll London, Ctr Implementat Sci, Inst Psychiat Psychol \& Neurosci, London, England.}, DOI = {10.1186/s40814-021-00958-1}, Article-Number = {5}, EISSN = {2055-5784}, Keywords = {Stigma; Intervention; Psychiatrists; Implementation; Evaluation; Discrimination}, Keywords-Plus = {MENTAL-HEALTH PROFESSIONALS; BORDERLINE PERSONALITY-DISORDER; INTERGROUP CONTACT; PEOPLE; ATTITUDES; DISCRIMINATION; CARE; SCHIZOPHRENIA; ILLNESS; STIGMATIZATION}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Medicine, Research \& Experimental}, Author-Email = {emmeline.lagunes\_cordoba@kcl.ac.uk}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {LAGUNES-CORDOBA, EMMELINE/ABE-8969-2021 Thornicroft, Graham/B-4027-2010 LAGUNES-CORDOBA, EMMELINE/HKO-6091-2023}, ORCID-Numbers = {LAGUNES-CORDOBA, EMMELINE/0000-0002-1001-4786 Thornicroft, Graham/0000-0003-0662-0879 LAGUNES-CORDOBA, EMMELINE/0000-0002-1001-4786}, Number-of-Cited-References = {44}, Times-Cited = {2}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {1}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000742647300002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000399693400011, Author = {Silverstein, Allison and Costas-Chavarri, Ainhoa and Gakwaya, Mussa R. and Lule, Joseph and Mukhopadhyay, Swagoto and Meara, John G. and Shrime, Mark G.}, Title = {Laparoscopic Versus Open Cholecystectomy: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis at Rwanda Military Hospital}, Journal = {WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY}, Year = {2017}, Volume = {41}, Number = {5}, Pages = {1225-1233}, Month = {MAY}, Abstract = {Background Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is first-line treatment for uncomplicated gallstone disease in high-income countries due to benefits such as shorter hospital stays, reduced morbidity, more rapid return to work, and lower mortality as well-being considered cost-effective. However, there persists a lack of uptake in low- and middle-income countries. Thus, there is a need to evaluate laparoscopic cholecystectomy in comparison with an open approach in these settings. Methods A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed to evaluate laparoscopic and open cholecystectomies at Rwanda Military Hospital (RMH), a tertiary care referral hospital in Rwanda. Sensitivity and threshold analyses were performed to determine the robustness of the results. Results The laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy costs and effectiveness values were \$2664.47 with 0.87 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and \$2058.72 with 0.75 QALYs, respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for laparoscopic over open cholecystectomy was \$4946.18. Results are sensitive to the initial laparoscopic equipment investment and number of cases performed annually but robust to other parameters. The laparoscopic intervention is more cost-effective with investment costs less than \$91,979, greater than 65 cases annually, or at willingness-to-pay (WTP) thresholds greater than \$3975/QALY. Conclusions At RMH, while laparoscopic cholecystectomy may be a more effective approach, it is also more expensive given the low caseload and high investment costs. At commonly accepted WTP thresholds, it is not cost-effective. However, as investment costs decrease and/or case volume increases, the laparoscopic approach may become favorable. Countries and hospitals should aspire to develop innovative, low-cost options in high volume to combat these barriers and provide laparoscopic surgery.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Shrime, MG (Corresponding Author), Harvard Med Sch, Program Global Surg \& Social Change, 641 Huntington Ave 411, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Silverstein, Allison; Costas-Chavarri, Ainhoa; Mukhopadhyay, Swagoto; Meara, John G.; Shrime, Mark G., Harvard Med Sch, Program Global Surg \& Social Change, 641 Huntington Ave 411, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Silverstein, Allison, Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Miami, FL 33136 USA. Costas-Chavarri, Ainhoa; Gakwaya, Mussa R.; Lule, Joseph, Rwanda Mil Hosp, Kigali, Rwanda. Mukhopadhyay, Swagoto, Univ Connecticut, Dept Surg, Farmington, CT USA. Meara, John G., Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Plast \& Oral Surg, Boston, MA USA. Shrime, Mark G., Massachusetts Eye \& Ear Infirm, Dept Otolaryngol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Shrime, Mark G., Massachusetts Eye \& Ear Infirm, Off Global Surg, Boston, MA 02114 USA.}, DOI = {10.1007/s00268-016-3851-0}, ISSN = {0364-2313}, EISSN = {1432-2323}, Keywords-Plus = {BILE-DUCT; HEALTH; SURGERY; RECOMMENDATIONS; BENEFITS; MEDICINE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Surgery}, Author-Email = {shrime@mail.harvard.edu}, ORCID-Numbers = {Meara, John G./0000-0003-4369-3209}, Number-of-Cited-References = {34}, Times-Cited = {14}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {3}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000399693400011}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000243112500006, Author = {Bryant, Allison S. and Haas, Jennifer S. and McElrath, Thomas F. and McCormick, Marie C.}, Title = {Predictors of compliance with the postpartum visit among women living in healthy start project areas}, Journal = {MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL}, Year = {2006}, Volume = {10}, Number = {6}, Pages = {511-516}, Month = {NOV}, Abstract = {Objectives: Few studies have examined factors associated with compliance with a postpartum visit (PPV). The identification of such factors is of particular importance in populations with high rates of unintended pregnancies and medical complications of pregnancy. This study seeks to determine factors associated with compliance with a PPV among low-income women in the population served by fourteen Healthy Start sites. Methods: Data from the Healthy Start Survey of Postpartum Women were reviewed to identify variables associated with compliance with a PPV at or beyond 6 weeks. Multiple logistic regression models were created, based on a sociobehavioral model of health services use, to examine which types of factors (demographic, social, enabling or need) are most strongly associated with the use of a PPV. Results: The study population consisted of survey respondents interviewed six weeks or more following delivery. Eighty-five percent of respondents had had a PPV at time of interview. In a multiple regression analysis, enabling factors such as multiple moves (OR (95\% CI) = 0.34 (0.18, 0.67)), trouble understanding the provider (OR (95 \% CI) = 0.65 (0.43, 0.99)) and appointment reminders (OR (95\% CI) = 2.37 (1.40, 4.02)) were most strongly associated with a PPV. Conclusions: This work finds that women with unstable housing, transportation barriers, and difficulties communicating with providers are at risk for not receiving a PPV. This suggests that access to postpartum health services in the Healthy Start communities studied may not be entirely equitable. Policies aimed at improving interconception care will need to address these barriers to accessing health services.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Bryant, AS (Corresponding Author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol \& Reprod Sci, 505 Parnassus Ave,Box 0132, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol \& Reprod Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Brigham \& Womens Hosp, Div Gen Med \& Primary Care, Boston, MA 02120 USA. Brigham \& Womens Hosp, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Soc Human Behav \& Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA.}, DOI = {10.1007/s10995-006-0128-5}, ISSN = {1092-7875}, EISSN = {1573-6628}, Keywords = {postpartum visit; compliance; health services}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {bryanta@obgyn.ucsf.edu jhaas@partners.org tmcelrath@partners.org mmcormi@hsph.harvard.edu}, ORCID-Numbers = {HAAS, JENNIFER/0000-0001-7227-851X McCormmick, Marie/0000-0002-3938-1707}, Number-of-Cited-References = {9}, Times-Cited = {90}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {3}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000243112500006}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:001026444500003, Author = {Zambrano, Karla}, Title = {Climate crisis, women and children: between vulnerability and the urgent protection of their rights. Glimpses from the European continent}, Journal = {RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES-MADRID}, Year = {2023}, Number = {53}, Pages = {31-48}, Month = {JUN-SEP}, Abstract = {Since the end of the 18th century, the burning and use of hydrocarbons has been the main source of energy used by mankind to achieve more developed societies, ignoring -at first - the high cost of natural resources involved. The use of this type of non-renewable energy has caused serious imbalances in the atmosphere and, in turn, a great impact on all the Earth's ecosystems, since any type of alteration in the atmosphere causes, as a consequence, further transformations in the rest of The conclusions reached by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) are the results of more than 30 years of research dedicated to the study of the climate system and its alterations. It is not, therefore, a diffuse and banal reflection to be downplayed, quite the contrary, as it recreates the present and future scenario to which legal science must respond. Science, as usual, often leads the way in international rule-making and standard-setting processes, and has been decisive on climate change: there is an urgent need for a drastic reduction in the levels of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that human activities release into the atmosphere. Indeed, even if the Paris Agreement targets are met, resilience or adaptation and climate stability will be some of the greatest challenges facing humanity. There is now a clear scientific consensus on the unequivocal attribution of climate change to human activities. However, the impacts of climate variability are biased and the crosscutting issues that surround them, such as inequity and the vulnerability of multiple groups, such as women and children, are often displaced in the face of the severe damage already being done to the Earth's oceans, atmosphere, ice and biosphere, rapidly and pervasively. The greenhouse effect is an inherently discriminatory phenomenon because it affects systemically, unequally and disproportionately not only people belonging to a certain group, but also constitutes an emerging, progressive and increasingly frequent and intense damage to societies and nations that have not reached their maximum levels of development, or that lack the measures or the technology to adapt to climate variability. The purpose of this article is twofold. On the one hand, it aims to identify the direct consequences of anthropogenic global warming on women and children, interweaving the scientific basis with legal science, which will allow us to contextualize the current state of the situation in an objective manner; on the other hand, it aims to define the position of the international community on both issues, from a critical point of view, a human rights-based approach, and with a special reference to the European jurisdictional progress, which could contribute to enhance the international climate cooperation. This also includes legal proposals based on the principles of equal treatment and opportunities between women and men, and intergenerational equity, the empowerment of citizens to receive quality environmental education, the participation and integration of both women and new generations in political decisions on issues that affect them, and their inclusion in the discussion and analysis of the impact of the climate emergency based on scientific knowledge. This research is based on the axis of different theoretical frameworks, and seeks both to establish connections between different areas of knowledge and to provide an international legal response to the problem of global warming for women and children through the analysis of international law and its implementation. In addition, this study is based on the principle of scientific evidence that underpins the work of the IPCC and, more specifically, will build on the efforts of Working Group II (WGII) of the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) on impacts, vulnerability, and adaptation. In the international legal sphere, this paper aims to link two areas of international law as major references: international human rights law and the legal framework regulating climate change in the international forum. With regard to the structure of this article, we will find an introduction to the state of the question, followed by the theoretical-methodological aspects that are intertwined in this research: the interweaving of postcolonial feminist theory, scientific knowledge and legal argumentation. The second section of this study aims to contextualize the impacts of climate change on ecosystems and the most vulnerable groups, with references to the contributions of Working Groups I and II of the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report and other scientific studies that support the position of the vulnerability of women and children to the adverse effects of climate change. Within the second section, the IPCC has concluded that countries are already experiencing increasing impacts such as biodiversity loss, extreme weather events, land degradation, desertification and deforestation, sand and dust storms, persistent drought, sea level rise, coastal erosion, ocean acidification and mountain glacier retreat, causing severe disruption to societies, economies, employment, agricultural, industrial and commercial systems, global trade, supply chains and travel. It has also reported thata there has been a devastating impact on sustainable development, including poverty eradication and livelihoods, threatening food security and nutrition and water accessibility. Furthermore, a sub-section has been created that will detail some of the impacts of climate change specifically on women and children. In this sense, it is evident that women's reproductive rights are affected, there is an increase in vector-borne diseases with discriminatory tendencies based on gender, the manifestation of socio-economic inequalities linked to climate change, marginalisation, and the lack of capacity of children to adapt to climate change. The third section is devoted to providing a legal overview of the doctrine's position on the matter and the cases currently being heard in some courts where the plaintiffs are women and minors. This section highlights the impossibility of ignoring both the feminist approach and the intergenerational equity approach. It is also pointed out that in the elaboration of climate policies, it is not enough to draw up a list of insufficient and empty climate policies to comply with international commitments, since when it comes to demanding the jurisdictional protection of human rights in the context of the climate crisis, there are a series of complications rooted in the evidentiary capacity that governs any judicial procedure. The conclusions section contains both a synthesis of the different sections of this article, as well as a series of legally and socially viable proposals that contribute to the knowledge of climate change, its different impacts, policies for prevention and adaptation to the risks of extreme meteorological phenomena and, if necessary, keys that reinforce the path towards climate litigation.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Zambrano, K (Corresponding Author), Univ Valencia, Valencia, Spain. Zambrano, Karla, Univ Valencia, Valencia, Spain.}, DOI = {10.15366/relacionesinternacionales2023.53.002}, ISSN = {1699-3950}, Keywords = {Human rights; women's rights; climate change; feminism; children's rights}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {International Relations}, Author-Email = {karla.zambrano@uv.es}, Number-of-Cited-References = {38}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {3}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {3}, Unique-ID = {WOS:001026444500003}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000655909900015, Author = {El-Bassel, Nabila and McCrimmon, Tara and Mergenova, Gaukhar and Chang, Mingway and Terlikbayeva, Assel and Primbetova, Sholpan and Kuskulov, Azamat and Baiserkin, Bauyrzhan and Denebayeva, Alfiya and Kurmetova, Kulpan and Witte, Susan S.}, Title = {A cluster-randomized controlled trial of a combination HIV risk reduction and microfinance intervention for female sex workers who use drugs in Kazakhstan}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {24}, Number = {5}, Month = {MAY}, Abstract = {Introduction Female sex workers (FSW) who use drugs are a key population at risk of HIV in Kazakhstan, and face multiple structural barriers to HIV prevention. More research is needed on the role of structural interventions such as microfinance (MF) in reducing HIV risk. This paper describes the results of a cluster-randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of a combination HIVRR + MF intervention in reducing biologically confirmed STIs and HIV risk behaviours. Methods This study took place from May 2015 to October 2018 in two cities in Kazakhstan. We screened 763 participants for eligibility and enrolled 354 FSW who use drugs. Participants were randomized in cohorts to receive either a four-session HIVRR intervention, or that same intervention plus 30 additional sessions of financial literacy training, vocational training and asset-building through a matched-savings programme. Repeated behavioural and biological assessments were conducted at baseline, 3-, 6- and 12-months post-intervention. Biological and behavioural primary outcomes included HIV/STI incidence, sexual risk behaviours and drug use risk behaviours, evaluated over the 12-month period. Results Over the 12-month follow-up period, few differences in study outcomes were noted between arms. There was only one newly-detected HIV case, and study arms did not significantly differ on any STI incidence. At post-intervention assessments compared to baseline, both HIVRR and HIVRR + MF participants significantly reduced sexual and drug use risk behaviours, and showed improvements in financial outcomes, condom use attitudes and self-efficacy, social support, and access to medical care. In addition, HIVRR + MF participants showed a 72\% greater reduction in the number of unprotected sex acts with paying partners at the six-month assessment (IRR = IRR = 0.28, 95\% CI = 0.08, 0.92), and a 10\% greater reduction in the proportion of income from sex work at the three-month assessment (b = -0.10, 95\% CI = -0.17, -0.02) than HIVRR participants did. HIVRR + MF participants also showed significantly improved performance on financial self-efficacy compared to HIVRR over the 12-month follow-up period. Conclusions Compared to a combination HIVRR + MF intervention, a robust HIVRR intervention alone may be sufficient to reduce sexual and drug risk behaviours among FSW who use drugs. There may be structural limitations to the promise of microfinance for HIV risk reduction among this population.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {El-Bassel, N (Corresponding Author), Columbia Univ, Sch Social Work, Global Hlth Res Ctr Cent Asia, 1255 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY 10027 USA. El-Bassel, Nabila; McCrimmon, Tara; Chang, Mingway; Witte, Susan S., Columbia Univ, Sch Social Work, Global Hlth Res Ctr Cent Asia, 1255 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY 10027 USA. Mergenova, Gaukhar; Terlikbayeva, Assel; Primbetova, Sholpan; Kuskulov, Azamat, Global Hlth Res Cent Asia, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. Baiserkin, Bauyrzhan, Kazakh Sci Ctr Dermatol \& Infect Dis, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. Denebayeva, Alfiya, Almaty City Ctr Prevent \& Control AIDS, Alma Ata, Kazakhstan. Kurmetova, Kulpan, Karaganda Oblast Ctr Prevent \& Control AIDS, Temirtau Branch, Temirtau, Kazakhstan.}, DOI = {10.1002/jia2.25682}, Article-Number = {e25682}, EISSN = {1758-2652}, Keywords = {structural interventions; sex workers; drug use; HIV prevention; clinical trials}, Keywords-Plus = {SUBSTANCE USE; INJECT DRUGS; WOMEN; PREVENTION; VIOLENCE; INCOME; SCALE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Immunology; Infectious Diseases}, Author-Email = {ne5@columbia.edu}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {McCrimmon, Tara/GRR-3918-2022}, Number-of-Cited-References = {29}, Times-Cited = {4}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {2}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000655909900015}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000530055200001, Author = {Akobeng, Eric}, Title = {Harnessing foreign aid for the poor: role of institutional democracy}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC STUDIES}, Year = {2020}, Volume = {47}, Number = {7}, Pages = {1689-1710}, Month = {OCT 26}, Abstract = {Purpose This paper examines the relationship between foreign aid, institutional democracy and poverty. The paper explores the direct effect of foreign aid on poverty and quantifies the facilitating role of democracy in harnessing foreign aid for poverty reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Design/methodology/approach The paper attempts to address the endogenous relationship between foreign aid and poverty by employing the two-stage least squares instrumental variable (2SLS-IV) estimator by using GDP per capita of the top five Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries sending foreign aid to SSA countries scaled by the inverse of the land area of the SSA countries to stimulate an exogenous variation in foreign aid and its components. The initial level of democracy is interacted with the senders' GDP per capita to also instrument for the interaction terms of democracy, foreign aid and its components. Findings The results suggest that foreign aid reduces poverty and different components of foreign aid have different effects on poverty. In particular, multilateral source and grant type seem to be more significant in reducing poverty than bilateral source and loan type. The study further reveals that democratic attributes of free expression, institutional constraints on the executive, guarantee of civil liberties to citizens and political participation reinforce the poverty-reducing effects of aggregate foreign aid and its components after controlling for mean household income, GDP per capita and inequality. Research limitations/implications The methodological concern related to modeling the effects of foreign aid on poverty is endogeneity bias. To estimate the relationship between foreign aid, democracy and poverty in SSA, this paper relies on a 2SLS-IV estimator with GDP per capita of the top five aid-sending OECD countries scaled by the inverse of land area of the SSA countries as an external instrument for foreign aid. The use of the five top OECD's Development Assistance Committee (OECD-DAC) countries is due to the availability of foreign aid data for these countries. However, non-OECD-DAC countries such as China and South Africa may be important source of foreign aid to some SSA countries. Practical implications The findings further suggest that the marginal effect of foreign aid in reducing poverty is increasing with the level of institutional democracy. In other words, foreign aid contributes more to poverty reduction in countries with democratic dispensation. This investigation has vital implications for future foreign aid policy, because it alerts policymakers that the effectiveness of foreign aid can be strengthened by considering the type and source of aid. Foreign aid and quality political institution may serve as an important mix toward the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals 2030 and the Africa Union Agenda 2063. Social implications As the global economy faces economic and social challenges, SSA may not be able to depend heavily on foreign partners to finance the region's budget. There is the need for African governments to also come out with innovative ways to mobilize own resources to develop and confront some of the economic challenges to achieve the required reduction in poverty. This is a vision that every country in Africa must work toward. Africa must think of new ways of generating wealth internally for development so as to complement foreign aid flows and also build strong foundation for welfare improvement, self-reliance and sustainable development. Originality/value This existing literature does not consider how democracy enhances the foreign aid and poverty relationship. The existing literature does not explore how democracy enhances grants, loans, multilateral and bilateral aid effectiveness in reducing poverty. This paper provides the first-hand evidence of how institutional democracy enhances the poverty-reducing effects of foreign aid and its components. The paper uses exogenous variation in foreign aid to quantify the direct effect of foreign aid and its components on poverty.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Akobeng, E (Corresponding Author), Lancaster Univ Ghana, Dept Business Studies, Accra, Ghana. Akobeng, Eric, Lancaster Univ Ghana, Dept Business Studies, Accra, Ghana.}, DOI = {10.1108/JES-05-2019-0225}, EarlyAccessDate = {APR 2020}, ISSN = {0144-3585}, Keywords = {Democracy; Poverty; Foreign aid}, Keywords-Plus = {POVERTY REDUCTION; DOMESTIC SAVINGS; GROWTH; REMITTANCES; POLICIES; INEQUALITY; ASSISTANCE; IMPACT}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Economics}, Author-Email = {e.akobeng@lancaster.edu.gh}, Number-of-Cited-References = {67}, Times-Cited = {3}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {5}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {19}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000530055200001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000393277500002, Author = {Yan, Lily D. and Chirwa, Cindy and Chi, Benjamin H. and Bosomprah, Samuel and Sindano, Ntazana and Mwanza, Moses and Musatwe, Dennis and Mulenga, Mary and Chilengi, Roma}, Title = {Hypertension management in rural primary care facilities in Zambia: a mixed methods study}, Journal = {BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH}, Year = {2017}, Volume = {17}, Month = {FEB 3}, Abstract = {Background: Improved primary health care is needed in developing countries to effectively manage the growing burden of hypertension. Our objective was to evaluate hypertension management in Zambian rural primary care clinics using process and outcome indicators to assess the screening, monitoring, treatment and control of high blood pressure. Methods: Better Health Outcomes through Mentoring and Assessment (BHOMA) is a 5-year, randomized steppedwedge trial of improved clinical service delivery underway in 46 rural Zambian clinics. Clinical data were collected as part of routine patient care from an electronic medical record system, and reviewed for site performance over time according to hypertension related indicators: screening (blood pressure measurement), management (recorded diagnosis, physical exam or urinalysis), treatment (on medication), and control. Quantitative data was used to develop guides for qualitative in-depth interviews, conducted with health care providers at a proportional sample of half (20) of clinics. Qualitative data was iteratively analyzed for thematic content. Results: From January 2011 to December 2014, 318,380 visits to 46 primary care clinics by adults aged >= 25 years with blood pressure measurements were included. Blood pressure measurement at vital sign screening was initially high at 89. 1\% overall (range: 70.1-100\%), but decreased to 62.1\% (range: 0-100\%) by 48 months after intervention start. The majority of hypertensive patients made only one visit to the clinics (57.8\%). Out of 9022 patients with at least two visits with an elevated blood pressure, only 49.3\% had a chart recorded hypertension diagnosis. Process indicators for monitoring hypertension were < 10\% and did not improve with time. In in-depth interviews, antihypertensive medication shortages were common, with 15/20 clinics reporting hydrochlorothiazide-amiloride stockouts. Principal challenges in hypertension management included 1) equipment and personnel shortages, 2) provider belief that multiple visits were needed before official management, 3) medication stock-outs, leading to improper prescriptions and 4) poor patient visit attendance. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that numerous barriers stand in the way of hypertension diagnosis and management in Zambian primary health facilities. Future work should focus on performance indicator development and validation in low resource contexts, to facilitate regular and systematic data review to improve patient outcomes.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Yan, LD (Corresponding Author), Ctr Infect Dis Res Zambia, Primary Care \& Hlth Syst Dept, Lusaka, Zambia. Yan, LD (Corresponding Author), Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Yan, Lily D.; Chirwa, Cindy; Chi, Benjamin H.; Bosomprah, Samuel; Sindano, Ntazana; Mwanza, Moses; Musatwe, Dennis; Mulenga, Mary; Chilengi, Roma, Ctr Infect Dis Res Zambia, Primary Care \& Hlth Syst Dept, Lusaka, Zambia. Yan, Lily D., Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Chi, Benjamin H.; Chilengi, Roma, Univ N Carolina, Dept Obstet \& Gynecol, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Bosomprah, Samuel, Univ Ghana, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Accra, Ghana.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12913-017-2063-0}, Article-Number = {111}, ISSN = {1472-6963}, Keywords = {Hypertension; Zambia; Mixed methods; Antihypertensive medication; Performance indicators; Quality improvement}, Keywords-Plus = {MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; PRIMARY-HEALTH-CARE; QUALITY INDICATORS; ALMA-ATA; PERFORMANCE; PREVENTION; DISEASE; REBIRTH; AFRICA; NEEDS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services}, Author-Email = {lilyyan@alumni.stanford.edu}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Yan, Lily/AAR-6163-2021 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Yan, Lily/0000-0001-6363-7920 Bosomprah, PhD, Prof. Samuel/0000-0002-2826-3887}, Number-of-Cited-References = {30}, Times-Cited = {14}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {11}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000393277500002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000578753700001, Author = {Guilding, Clare and Hardisty, Jessica and Randles, Elsa and Statham, Louise and Green, Alan and Bhudia, Roshni and Thandi, Charan Singh and Teodorczuk, Andrew and Scott, Lesley and Matthan, Joanna}, Title = {Designing and evaluating an interprofessional education conference approach to antimicrobial education}, Journal = {BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION}, Year = {2020}, Volume = {20}, Number = {1}, Month = {OCT 13}, Abstract = {Background Arguably, Medical School curricula are deficient in learning opportunities related to the safe and effective use of medicines, in particular antimicrobials. Infection management is complex and multidisciplinary, and learning opportunities should reflect these principles. Aligned to the complexity of the subject matter, simulation and interprofessional based teaching are methods that can foster the collaborative skills required of future healthcare professionals. There have been calls to develop these methods in the teaching of safe prescribing and the management of infections; however, reports of such studies are limited. Methods We developed an interprofessional education (IPE) conference for second year undergraduate medical and pharmacy students based in the North East of England. We considered contact theory in the design of three small group interprofessional workshops, on the broad themes of antimicrobial stewardship, infection management and patient safety. A mixed methods approach assessed students' attitudes towards IPE, barriers and facilitators of learning, and perceived learning gains. Qualitative data from workshop evaluation forms were analysed thematically, while quantitative data were analysed descriptively and differences between medical and pharmacy cohorts analysed using unpaired two-tailed t-tests. Results 226/352 students returned the workshop evaluation forms (66\% of pharmacy students, 62\% of medical students). 281/352 students responded to a series of Likert scale questions on the value of interprofessional education (88\% of pharmacy students, 70\% of medical students). Students reported acquisition of knowledge and skills, including concepts and procedures related to infection management and antimicrobial prescribing, and the development of problem-solving and critical evaluation skills. Students reflected on their attitude towards interprofessional collaboration. They reported a greater understanding of the roles of other healthcare professionals, reflected on the importance of effective communication in ensuring patient safety, and were more confident to work in interprofessional teams after the conference. Conclusions A robust IPE event, theoretically underpinned by contact theory and developed collaboratively, achieved interprofessional learning at scale and helped develop healthcare professionals willing to collaborate across disciplines. The resources, and evaluation insights based on the 3P (presage, process, and product) model of learning and teaching, will be of value to other educators who seek to develop theoretically-sound IPE interventions.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Guilding, C (Corresponding Author), Newcastle Univ, Fac Med Sci, Sch Med Educ, Framlington Pl, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, Tyne \& Wear, England. Guilding, Clare; Randles, Elsa; Bhudia, Roshni; Thandi, Charan Singh, Newcastle Univ, Fac Med Sci, Sch Med Educ, Framlington Pl, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, Tyne \& Wear, England. Hardisty, Jessica; Statham, Louise; Green, Alan, Univ Sunderland, Sunderland Pharm Sch, Sunderland, England. Teodorczuk, Andrew, Griffith Univ, Sch Med, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia. Teodorczuk, Andrew, Prince Charles Hosp, Metro North Mental Hlth, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. Scott, Lesley, Univ Sunderland, Sch Nursing \& Hlth Sci, Sunderland, England. Matthan, Joanna, Newcastle Univ, Sch Dent Sci, Fac Med Sci, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne \& Wear, England.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12909-020-02252-9}, Article-Number = {360}, EISSN = {1472-6920}, Keywords = {Interprofessional education; IPE; Interprofessional learning; Simulation; Prescribing; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial stewardship; Human errors; Pharmacy; Medicine}, Keywords-Plus = {HEALTH-CARE STUDENTS; MEDICAL-EDUCATION; CLINICAL-PHARMACOLOGY; JUNIOR DOCTORS; PERCEPTIONS; SIMULATION; KNOWLEDGE; ATTITUDES; THERAPEUTICS; RESISTANCE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Education \& Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines}, Author-Email = {clare.guilding@newcastle.ac.uk}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Thandi, Charan/HKN-0395-2023 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Thandi, Charan/0000-0002-7622-0427 Bhudia, Roshni/0000-0001-7877-1129 Guilding, Clare/0000-0003-2823-1575}, Number-of-Cited-References = {55}, Times-Cited = {6}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {13}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000578753700001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000700995200001, Author = {Khan, Muhammad Kamran and Hai Hong Trinh and Khan, Ikram Ullah and Ullah, Subhan}, Title = {Sustainable economic activities, climate change, and carbon risk: an international evidence}, Journal = {ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {24}, Number = {7}, Pages = {9642-9664}, Month = {JUL}, Abstract = {The employment of renewable resources and their association with the real economy's growth in mitigating the problem of carbon emission risk has been debated in the literature in a specific group of countries and regions. However, their relations and effects for a better sustainable energy transmission would need further research works in an international context. Motivated by that reason, this study contributes to the ongoing literature by revisiting the effects of renewable energy consumption, electricity output, and economic activities on carbon risk using a global sample of 219 countries over the period of 1990-2020. Using GMM estimation, simultaneous quantile, and panel quantile estimations; the study finds supportive findings showing that the higher the countries with renewable energy consumption and electricity output the better the capacity those countries can mitigate the environmental degradation by reducing the amount of total carbon emission over time. However, those relations are changed when using system GMM approaches, implying the role of FDI inflows and the difference in income groups in the selected sample countries. This can be intuitively explained that emerging countries might give more priority to the economic growth receiving FDI inflows from more advanced economies and balancing the trade-off between economic growth and environmental protection, while the developed economies with their advantages in green technologies and financial flexibility might have higher advantages in acquiring a sustainable transition and maintaining the real economy's growth without significant trade-off concerns. Finally, the study provides important policy implications and avenues for further research.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Khan, MK (Corresponding Author), Bahria Univ, Bahria Business Sch, Management Studies Dept, Islamabad, Pakistan. Khan, Muhammad Kamran, Bahria Univ, Bahria Business Sch, Management Studies Dept, Islamabad, Pakistan. Hai Hong Trinh, Massey Univ, Sch Econ \& Finance, Massey Business Sch, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. Khan, Ikram Ullah, Univ Sci \& Technol Bannu, Inst Management Sci, Bannu, KP, Pakistan. Ullah, Subhan, Univ Nottingham, Nottingham Univ Business Sch, Dept Accounting, Nottingham, England.}, DOI = {10.1007/s10668-021-01842-x}, EarlyAccessDate = {SEP 2021}, ISSN = {1387-585X}, EISSN = {1573-2975}, Keywords = {Renewable energy; Economic activities; Carbon dioxide emissions; Climate change}, Keywords-Plus = {RENEWABLE ENERGY-CONSUMPTION; RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; NONRENEWABLE ENERGY; ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION; FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT; CO2 EMISSIONS; AIR-QUALITY; INNOVATION; IMPACT; POLLUTION}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Green \& Sustainable Science \& Technology; Environmental Sciences}, Author-Email = {mkkhan.buic@bahria.edu.pk H.H.Trinh@massey.ac.nz ikram@ustb.edu.pk subhan.ullah@nottingham.ac.uk}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Khan, Muhammad Kamran/AAF-5443-2019 Khan, Ikram Ullah/C-6130-2018 Trinh, Hai Hong/AAW-7316-2021 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Khan, Muhammad Kamran/0000-0002-7687-0382 Khan, Ikram Ullah/0000-0002-1024-0185 Trinh, Hai Hong/0000-0003-0209-7259 Ullah, Dr Subhan/0000-0002-9657-8274}, Number-of-Cited-References = {83}, Times-Cited = {31}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {4}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {24}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000700995200001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000503428500003, Author = {Sawe, Hendry R. and Mfinanga, Juma A. and Kisakeni, Samwel and Shao, Patrick and Nkondora, Paulina and White, Libby and Bollinger, Christina and Kulola, Irene B. and George, Upendo N. and Runyon, Michael S. and Noste, Erin}, Title = {Development and Implementation of Short Courses to Support the Establishment of a Prehospital System in Sub-Saharan Africa: Lessons Learned from Tanzania}, Journal = {EMERGENCY MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL}, Year = {2019}, Volume = {2019}, Month = {DEC 1}, Abstract = {Background. Tanzania has no formal prehospital system. The Tanzania Ministry of Health launched a formal prehospital system to address this gap. The Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS) was tasked by the Ministry of Health to develop and implement a multicadre/provider prehospital curriculum so as to produce necessary healthcare providers to support the prehospital system. We aim to describe the process of designing and implementing the multicadre/provider prehospital short courses. The lessons learned can help inform similar initiatives in low- and middle-income countries. Methods. MUHAS collaborated with local and international Emergency Medicine and Emergency Medical Services (EMS) specialists to form the Emergency Medical Systems Team (EMST) that developed and implemented four short courses on prehospital care. The EMST used a six-step approach to develop and implement the curriculum: problem identification, general needs assessment, targeted needs assessment, goals and objectives, educational strategies, and implementation. The EMST modified current best EMS practices, protocols, and curricula to be context and resource appropriate in Tanzania. Results. We developed four prehospital short courses: Basic Ambulance Provider (BAP), Basic Ambulance Attendant (BAAT), Community First Aid (CFA), and EMS Dispatcher courses. The curriculum was vetted and approved by MUHAS, and courses were launched in November 2018. By the end of July 2019, a total of 63 BAPs, 104 BAATs, 25 EMS Dispatchers, and 287 CFAs had graduated from the programs. The main lessons learned are the importance of a practical approach to EMS development and working with the existing government cadre/provider scheme to ensure sustainability of the project; clearly defining scope of practice of EMS providers before curriculum development; and concurrent development of a multicadre/provider curriculum to better address the logistical barriers of implementation. Conclusion. We have provided an overview of the process of designing and implementing four short courses to train multiple cadres/providers of prehospital system providers in Tanzania. We believe this model of curricula development and implementation can be replicated in other countries across Africa.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Sawe, HR (Corresponding Author), Muhimbili Univ Hlth \& Allied Sci, Emergency Med Dept, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Sawe, HR (Corresponding Author), Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Emergency Med Dept, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Sawe, Hendry R.; Mfinanga, Juma A.; Shao, Patrick; Kulola, Irene B.; George, Upendo N.; Runyon, Michael S.; Noste, Erin, Muhimbili Univ Hlth \& Allied Sci, Emergency Med Dept, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Sawe, Hendry R.; Mfinanga, Juma A.; Kisakeni, Samwel; Shao, Patrick; Kulola, Irene B.; George, Upendo N., Muhimbili Natl Hosp, Emergency Med Dept, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Nkondora, Paulina; White, Libby; Bollinger, Christina, Emergency Med Assoc Tanzania, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. White, Libby, Alfred Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. Runyon, Michael S., Atrium Hlth, Dept Emergency Med, Charlotte, NC USA. Noste, Erin, Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Emergency Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.}, DOI = {10.1155/2019/3160562}, Article-Number = {3160562}, ISSN = {2090-2840}, EISSN = {2090-2859}, Keywords-Plus = {EMERGENCY CARE; TRAUMA}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Emergency Medicine}, Author-Email = {hendry\_sawe@yahoo.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Runyon, Michael/GNP-7320-2022 Runyon, Michael/AAR-8899-2021 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Runyon, Michael/0000-0002-1703-4317 Kulola, Irene Bahoya/0000-0002-4024-5550 sawe, hendry/0000-0002-0395-5385}, Number-of-Cited-References = {18}, Times-Cited = {4}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {1}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000503428500003}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000453148200069, Author = {Belrhiti, Zakaria and Booth, Andrew and Marchal, Bruno and Verstraeten, Roosmarijn}, Title = {To what extent do site-based training, mentoring, and operational research improve district health system management and leadership in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol}, Journal = {SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS}, Year = {2016}, Volume = {5}, Abstract = {Background: District health managers play a key role in the effectiveness of decentralized health systems in low- and middle-income countries. Inadequate management and leadership skills often hamper their ability to improve quality of care and effectiveness of health service delivery. Nevertheless, significant investments have been made in capacity-building programmes based on site-based training, mentoring, and operational research. This systematic review aims to review the effectiveness of site-based training, mentoring, and operational research (or action research) on the improvement of district health system management and leadership. Our secondary objectives are to assess whether variations in composition or intensity of the intervention influence its effectiveness and to identify enabling and constraining contexts and underlying mechanisms. Methods: We will search the following databases: MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Cochrane Library, CRD database (DARE), Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care (EPOC) group, ISI Web of Science, Health Evidence. org, PDQ-Evidence, ERIC, EMBASE, and TRIP. Complementary search will be performed (hand-searching journals and citation and reference tracking). Studies that meet the following PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) criteria will be included: P: professionals working at district health management level; I: site-based training with or without mentoring, or operational research; C: normal institutional arrangements; and O: district health management functions. We will include cluster randomized controlled trials, controlled before-and-after studies, interrupted time series analysis, quasi-experimental designs, and cohort and longitudinal studies. Qualitative research will be included to contextualize findings and identify barriers and facilitators. Primary outcomes that will be reported are district health management and leadership functions. We will assess risk of bias with the Cochrane Collaboration's tools for randomized controlled trials (RCT) and non RCT studies and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklists for qualitative studies. We will assess strength of recommendations with the GRADE tool for quantitative studies, and the CERQual approach for qualitative studies. Synthesis of quantitative studies will be performed through meta-analysis when appropriate. Best fit framework synthesis will be used to synthesize qualitative studies. Discussion: This protocol paper describes a systematic review assessing the effectiveness of site-based training (with or without mentoring programmes or operational research) on the improvement of district health system management and leadership.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Belrhiti, Z (Corresponding Author), Natl Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Management \& Econ, Rabat, Morocco. Belrhiti, Zakaria, Natl Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Management \& Econ, Rabat, Morocco. Booth, Andrew, Univ Sheffield, Sch Hlth \& Related Res ScHARR, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. Marchal, Bruno, Inst Trop Med, Hlth Serv Org Unit, Antwerp, Belgium. Verstraeten, Roosmarijn, Inst Trop Med, Nutr \& Child Hlth Unit, Antwerp, Belgium.}, DOI = {10.1186/s13643-016-0239-z}, Article-Number = {70}, EISSN = {2046-4053}, Keywords = {Site-based training; Mentoring; Operational research; Best fit framework synthesis; District health; Management; Leadership; Low- and middle-income countries}, Keywords-Plus = {QUALITY; DECENTRALIZATION; CAPACITY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Medicine, General \& Internal}, Author-Email = {drbelrhiti@gmail.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Booth, Andrew/A-7872-2008 Belrhiti, Zakaria/G-4532-2016 Marchal, Bruno/ACO-6522-2022}, ORCID-Numbers = {Booth, Andrew/0000-0003-4808-3880 Belrhiti, Zakaria/0000-0002-0115-682X }, Number-of-Cited-References = {38}, Times-Cited = {10}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {4}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000453148200069}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000481779500010, Author = {{[}Anonymous]}, Title = {Research on multimorbidity in primary care. Selected abstracts from the EGPRN meeting in Tampere, Finland, 9-12 May 2019 All abstracts of the conference can be found at the EGPRN website: www.egprn.org/page/conference-abstracts}, Journal = {EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE}, Year = {2019}, Volume = {25}, Number = {3}, Pages = {164-175}, Month = {JUL 3}, Abstract = {Current primary care in Finland is based on the Primary Health Care Act (1972), which addressed numerous new tasks to all municipalities. All of them had to find a new health centre organization, which provides a wide range of health services, including prevention and public health promotion. Multiple tasks require multiprofessional staff, and thus, the Finnish health centre personnel consisted not only of GPs but of public health nurses, midwives, physiotherapists, psychologists, social workers, dentists, etc. During the next decade, there have been some changes but the idea of multiprofessional structure has remained. According to the QUALICOPC study (2012) Finnish GPs are still co-located with several other healthcare professionals compared to most of the European countries; even compared to other Nordic countries which otherwise have many similarities in their primary healthcare. During the last 10 or 15 years, healthcare providers and researchers have recognized a new challenge: our current systems do not meet the needs of patients with multiple health and social problems-and the proportion of these patients is increasing all the time as the population is getting older. One could suppose that preconditions of handling multimorbidity would be excellent in multiprofessional surroundings like ours, but actually, a person with multiple problems is a challenge there, too. Multiprofessional organization in primary care does not guarantee proper care of patients with multiple diseases, if we do not acknowledge the challenge and revise our systems. We have to develop new ways of collaboration and new models of integrated care. The problematic part is secondary care, which is organized with logic of one medical speciality per visit. In Tampere University Hospital district, we have created a care pathway model, which defines the roles of primary healthcare and secondary care. Nationwide, we have recently started to prepare national guidelines for the care of patients with multimorbidity. What we need more in the future is more research on new practices and models. Background: Most patients with antihypertensive medication do not achieve their blood pressure (BP) target. Several barriers to successful hypertension treatment are well identified but we need novel ways of addressing them. Research question: Can using a checklist improve the quality of care in the initiation of new antihypertensive medication? Methods: This non-blinded, cluster-randomized, controlled study was conducted in eight primary care study centres in central Finland, randomized to function as either intervention (n = 4) or control sites (n = 4). We included patients aged 30-75 years who were prescribed antihypertensive medication for the first time. Initiation of medication in the intervention group was carried out with a nine-item checklist, filled in together by the treating physician and the patient. The treating physician managed hypertension treatment in the control group without a study-specific protocol. Results: In total, 119 patients were included in the study, of which 118 were included in the analysis (n = 59 in the control group, n = 59 in the intervention group). When initiating medication, an adequate BP target was set for 19\% of the patients in the control group and for 68\% in the intervention group. Shortly after the appointment, only 14\% of the patients in the control group were able to remember the adequate BP target, compared with 32\% in the intervention group. The use of the checklist was also related to more regular agreement on the next follow-up appointment (64\% in the control group vs 95\% in the intervention group). Conclusion: Even highly motivated new hypertensive patients in Finnish primary care have significant gaps in their treatment-related skills. The use of a checklist for initiation of antihypertensive medication was related to substantial improvement in these skills. Based on our findings, the use of a checklist might be a practical tool for clinicians initiating new antihypertensive medications. Background: Immediate feedback is underused in the French medical education curriculum, specifically with video-recorded consultation. Research question: The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and the interest in this teaching method as a training and assessment tool in the learning process of general practitioner (GP) trainees. Methods: During the period November 2017 to October 2018, trainees in ambulatory training courses collected quantitative data about recording consultations with a video camera: numbers of recordings, feedback, patients' participation refusals, and information about the learning process and competencies. The trainees' level of satisfaction was measured by means of a questionnaire at the end of their traineeship. Results: Sixty-seven trainees were recruited and 44 of them 65.7\% actively participated in the study; 607 video recordings and 243 feedback with trainers were performed. Few patients (18.5\%) refused the video-recording. Most trainees considered video recording with immediate feedback to be a relevant learning tool. It made it possible for the participants to observe their difficulties and their achievements. `Relation, communication, patient-centred care' was the most built competency, non-verbal communication, in particular. Time was the main limiting factor of this teaching method. Most trainees were in favour of its generalization in their university course. Conclusion: Video recording with immediate feedback in real-time consultation needs to be adapted to training areas and depends on time and logistics. This teaching method seems to be useful in the development of communication skills. It could lift the barriers of the trainer's physical presence near GP trainees during immediate feedback in real-time consultation. It could help trainees to build their competencies while enhancing the place of immediate feedback in the general practice curriculum. It could also constitute an additional tool for the certification of GP trainees. Background: Perinatal depression has been associated with psychiatric morbidity in mothers and their offspring. This study assessed the prevalence of perinatal depressive symptoms in a large population of women and investigated associations of these symptoms with demographic and clinical factors. Research question: Which factors (including sociodemographic, medical, lifestyle, and laboratory test) are associated with perinatal depression? Methods: All members of Maccabi Health Services who completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) during 2015-2016 were included in the study. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for associations of sociodemographic, medical, lifestyle, and laboratory test factors with perinatal depressive symptoms, according to a score >10 on the EPDS. Results: Of 27 912 women who filled the EPDS, 2029 (7.3\%) were classified as having peripartum depression. In a logistic regression analysis, the use of antidepressant medications, particularly for a period greater than three months, Arab background, current or past smoking, a diagnosis of chronic diabetes and age under 25 years were all associated with increased ORs for perinatal depression; while Orthodox Jewish affiliation, residence in the periphery and higher haemoglobin level were associated with lower ORs. Incidences of depression were 17.4\% in women with a history of antidepressant medication, 16\% among women with diabetes, and 11.8\% among current smokers. Conclusion: Several demographic, medical, and lifetime factors were found to be substantially more prevalent among women with symptoms of perinatal depression than those without. Encouraging women to complete the EPDS during and following pregnancy may help identify women in need of support. Background: Regulating the quality and effectiveness of the work of general practitioners is essential for a sound healthcare system. In the Republic of Macedonia this is regulated by the Health Insurance Fund through a system of penalties/sanctions. Research question: The goal of this study is to evaluate the types and effectiveness of the sanctions used on primary care practitioners. Methods: This is a quantitative research study for which we used an anonymous survey with 18 questions. This survey was distributed to 443 randomly selected general practitioners from different parts of Macedonia and 438 of them responded. For the quantitative data, we used the Pearson's chi-squared test, correlation and descriptive statistics. Part of the survey is qualitative, consisting of comments and opinions of the general practitioners. Results: From the participants, 336 were female and 102 were male. The doctors' gender was not associated with sanctioning. Most general practitioners were in the age categories of 30-39 and 40-49 years. The participants' age had a significant influence on sanctioning-older doctors were sanctioned more frequently. Out of 438 participants, 33.3\% were specialists in family medicine and 66.7\% general practitioners. Specialists in family medicine were sanctioned significantly more frequently than general practitioners. Doctors that worked in the hospital or 19 km from the nearest hospital were significantly more frequently sanctioned. The three most common reasons for sanctions were financial consumption of prescriptions and referrals above the agreed amount, higher rate of sick leaves and/or justification of sick leaves and unrealized preventative goals or education. `Financial sanction by scale' was the most common type of sanction: 49.8\% of participants. Doctors who followed the guidelines, but who were exposed to violence were sanctioned significantly more frequently. Conclusion: We can observe that age, speciality, the distance of the workplace from the nearest hospital and violence influence sanctioning. Background: Biases are major barriers to external validity of studies, reducing evidence. Among these biases, the definition and the reality of the Hawthorne effect (HE) (or observation bias) remains controversial. According to McCambridge in a review from 2013, the Hawthorne effect is a behaviour change occurring when the subject is being observed during a scientific study. This effect would be multifactorial, and he suggests the term `effects of research participation.' However, the reviewed studies were conflicting and evidence is sparse. Research question: We updated McCambridge's review to actualize the definition of the HE. Methods: McCambridge's most recent article dated back to January 3, 2012. We focused on the articles published between January 1, 2012 and August 10, 2018 searching Medline. We used the sole keyword `Hawthorne Effect.' The search was filtered based on the dates, the availability of an abstract and the languages English and French. We included articles defining or evaluating the HE. Articles citing the effect without defining it or irrelevant to the topic were excluded. Two independent readers searched and analysed the articles. Discrepancies were solved by consensus. Results: Out of 106 articles, 42 articles were included. All the articles acknowledged an observation bias, considered as significant or not, depending on the population (education, literacy), the methods and the variable of interest. It was a psychological change, limited in time. The HE was defined as a change of behaviour related to direct or indirect observation of the subjects or the investigators, to their previous selection and commitment in the study (written agreement) and to social desirability. Despite observations, articles were conflicting. Some do confirm the existence of the HE, others deny it. Meta-analysis is ongoing. Conclusion: No formal consensus regarding the definition of the effect has been reached so far. However, the authors agree on its implication as an experimental artefact. Background: Polypharmacy and multimorbidity are on the rise. Consequently, general practitioners (GPs) treat an increasing number of multimorbid patients with polypharmacy. To limit negative health outcomes, GPs should search for inappropriate medication intake in such patients. However, systematic medication reviews are time-consuming. Recent eHealth tools, such as the `systematic tool to reduce inappropriate prescribing' (STRIP) assistant, provide an opportunity for GPs to get support when conducting such medication reviews. Research question: Can the STRIP assistant as electronic decision support help GPs to optimize medication appropriateness in older, multimorbid patients with polypharmacy? Methods: This cluster randomized controlled trial is conducted in 40 Swiss GP practices, each recruiting 8-10 patients aged >= 65 years, with >= 3 chronic conditions and >= 5 chronic medications (320 patients in total). We compare the effectiveness of using the STRIP assistant for optimizing medication appropriateness to usual care. The STRIP assistant is based on the STOPP/START criteria (version 2) and, for this trial, it is implemented in the Swiss eHealth setting where some GPs already share routine medical data from their electronic medical records in a research database (FIRE). Patients are followed-up for 12 months and the change in medication appropriateness is the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes are the numbers of falls and fractures, quality of life, health economic parameters, patients' willingness to deprescribe as well as implementation barriers and enablers for GPs when using the STRIP assistant. Results: Patient recruitment started in December 2018. This presentation focuses on the study protocol and the challenges faced when testing this new software in Swiss primary care. Conclusion: Finding out whether the STRIP assistant is an effective tool and beneficial for older and multimorbid patients, who are usually excluded from trials, will have an impact on the coordination of chronic care for multimorbid patients in Swiss primary care in this new eHealth environment. Background: Workplace violence (WPV) towards healthcare staff is becoming a common problem in different healthcare settings worldwide. Moreover, the prevalence is 16 times higher than in other professions. How often it happened towards young doctors working as general practitioners (GPs) at the beginning of their careers has been rarely studied. Research question: To investigate the frequency and forms of WPV, experienced by the young Croatian GPs from their patients, and violence reporting pattern to the competent institutions. Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out on 74 GP residents, during their postgraduate study in family medicine in May 2018. A specially designed anonymous questionnaire, developed by Association of Family Physicians of South Eastern Europe, was used to investigate the prevalence and forms of WPV, the narrative description of the traumatic event itself and the process of reporting it. Results: The response rate was 91.9\%, female 87\%, the median of years working as a GP was 3.5 years. Most of the residents were working in an urban practice (63\%), others in the rural and the suburban once (27\%, 10\%). All GP residents experienced patients' and caregivers' violent behaviour directed towards them. High-intensity violence (e.g. physical violence, sexual harassment) was experienced by 44\%, middle intensity (e.g. intimidation, visual sexual harassment) by 84\% while all residents experienced verbal violence. Only 13.2\% residents reported WPV to the competent institutions. Most of GP residents reported the appearance of the new form of violence: the one over the internet. Conclusion: The high prevalence of all types of violence towards young Croatian doctors is worrisome, as is the fact that violent acts are seldom reported to the competent institutions. Those alarming facts could become a threat to GPs career choosing. Background: About 50\% of patients adhere to chronic therapy in France. Improving adherence should improve their care. Identifying the patient's difficulties in taking medication is complex for the physician, because there is no gold standard for measuring adherence to medications. How can the general practitioner in his/her practice identify patient compliance? Research question: Analyse studies that develop or validate scales used to estimate adherence in primary care. Methods: A systematic review of the literature from PubMed, the Cochrane Library and PsycINFO databases. The search terms used were the MeSH terms (or adapted to the database's vocabulary): questionnaire, compliance and primary care. All articles were retained whatever the language of writing. Selection criteria were: assessment of the development, validation or reliability of one or more compliance scales; taking place in primary care. One reviewer screened titles, which included the term adherence then abstracts and full text. Only articles evaluating the development, validity or reliability of a primary care adherence rating scale were included in analysis. Results: In total 1022 articles were selected and 18 articles were included. Seventeen adherence scales were identified in primary care, most of which targeted a single pathology, especially hypertension. The most cited scale is the MMAS Morisky medication adherence scale. Three scales were developed for patients with multiple chronic diseases. One scale was developed for patients older than 65 years-the Strathclyde compliance risk assessment tool (SCRAT)-and two scales were developed for adult patients whatever their age-the instrument developed by Sidorkiewicz et al., and the DAMS, diagnostic adherence to medication scale. Conclusion: Two scales have been developed and validated in primary care to assess patient adherence with multiple chronic diseases: the DAMS and the instrument developed by Sidorkiewicz et al. A simple, reliable, reproducible primary care scale would assess the impact of actions developed to improve adherence: motivational interviewing, patient therapeutic education, and the ASALeE protocol. Background: Multimorbidity prevalence increases with age while declining quality of life (QoL) is one of its major consequences. Research question: The study aims to: (1) Assess the relationship between increasing number of diseases and QoL. (2) Identify the most frequently occurring patterns of diseases and how they relate to QoL. (3) Observe how these associations differ across different European countries and regions. Methods: Cross-sectional data analysis performed on wave six of the population-based survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe (SHARE) (n = 68 231). Data were collected in 2015 among population 50+ years old in 17 European countries and Israel. Multimorbidity is defined as the co-occurrence of two or more chronic conditions. Conditions were self-declared and identified through an open-end questionnaire containing 17 prelisted conditions plus conditions added by participants. Control, autonomy, self-realization and pleasure questionnaire (CASP-12v) was used to evaluate QoL. Association between increasing number of diseases and QoL was assessed with linear regression. Factor analysis is being conducted to identify patterns of diseases to evaluate their impact on QoL further. Multilevel analysis will take into account differences between countries and regions. Confounding was searched with directed acyclic graph (DAG) method and included age, sex, education, socio-economic status, behavioural habits, social support and healthcare parameters. Results: Participants (49.09\%) had two or more diseases. Maximum number of diseases per person was 13, mean number was 1.9. Unadjusted preliminary analysis showed that on average QoL decreases by -1.27 (95\%CI: -1.29, -1.24) with each added new condition across Europe. The decline appears to be the steepest in Spain, -1.61 (95\%CI: -1.71, -1.51), and the least so in Israel, -0.67 (95\%CI: -0.82, -0.52). Conclusion: Ongoing analysis will identify disease patterns, which may have the highest impact on QoL, as well as to elucidate the role of confounders in the relationship between increasing number of diseases and disease patterns with QoL. Background: The burden and preventive potential of disease is typically estimated for each non-communicable disease (NCD) separately but NCDs often co-occur, which hampers reliable quantification of their overall burden and joint preventive potential in the population. Research questions: What is the lifetime risk of developing any NCD? Which multimorbidity clusters of NCDs cause the greatest burden? To what extent do three key shared risk factors, namely smoking, hypertension and being overweight, influence this risk, life-expectancy and NCD-multimorbidity? Methods: Between 1990 and 2012 we followed NCD-free participants aged >= 45 years at baseline from the Dutch prospective Rotterdam study for incidents of stroke, heart disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative disease. We quantified (co-)occurrence and remaining lifetime risk of NCDs in a competing risk framework, and studied the effects of smoking, hypertension, and being overweight on lifetime risk and life expectancy. Results: During follow-up of 9061 participants, 814 participants were diagnosed with stroke, 1571 with heart disease, 625 with diabetes, 1004 with chronic respiratory disease, 1538 with cancer, and 1065 with neurodegenerative disease. Among those, 1563 participants (33.7\%) were diagnosed with multiple diseases. The lifetime risk of any NCD from the age of 45 onwards was 94.0\% (95\%CI: 92.9-95.1) for men and 92.8\% (95\%CI: 91.8-93.8) for women. Absence of shared risk factors was associated with a 9.0-year delay (95\%CI: 6.3-11.6) in the age at onset of any NCD. Furthermore, overall life expectancy for participants without risk factors was 6.0 years (95\%CI: 5.7-7.9) longer than those with these risk factors. Participants without these risk factors spent 21.6\% of their remaining lifetime with NCDs, compared to 31.8\% for those with risk factors. Conclusion: Nine out of 10 individuals aged 45 years and older will develop at least one NCD during their remaining lifetime. A third was diagnosed with multiple NCDs during follow-up. Absence of three common shared risk factors related to compression of morbidity of NCDs. Background: This study examined if using electronic reminders increases the rate of diagnosis recordings in the patient chart system following visits to a general practitioner (GP). The impact of electronic reminders was studied in the primary care of a Finnish city. Research question: How effective is the reminder of the information system in improving the diagnostic level of primary care? Which is better and how: financial incentives or reminders? Methods: This was an observational retrospective study based on a before-and-after design and was carried out by installing an electronic reminder in the computerized patient chart system to improve the recording of diagnoses during GP visits. The quality of the recorded diagnoses was observed before and after the intervention. The effect of this intervention on the recording of diagnoses was also studied. Results: Before intervention, the level of recording diagnoses was about 40\% in the primary care units. After four years, the recording rate had risen to 90\% (p < 0.001). The rate of change in the recording of diagnoses was highest during the first year of intervention. In the present study, most of the visits concerned mild respiratory infections, elevated blood pressure, low back pain and type II diabetes. Conclusion: An electronic reminder improved the recording of diagnoses during the visits to GPs. The present intervention produced data, which reflects the distribution of diagnoses in real clinical life in primary care and thus provides valid data about the public. Background: Child abuse is widespread, occurs in all cultures and communities and remains undiscovered in 90\% of the cases. In total, 80\% of reported child abuse concerns emotional ill-treatment. In the Netherlands, at least 3\% (118 000) of children are victims of child abuse resulting in 50 deaths each year. Only 1-3\% of abuse cases are reported by general practitioners (GPs) to the Child Protective Services agency (CPS). To explain this low reporting rate, we examined GPs' experiences with child abuse. Research question: How does the suspicion of child abuse arise in GPs' diagnostic reasoning? How do they act upon their suspicion and what kind of barriers do they experience in their management? Methods: In total 26 GPs (16 female) participated in four focus groups. We used purposive sampling to include GPs with different levels of experience in rural and urban areas spread over the Netherlands. We used NVivo for thematic content analysis. Results: Suspected child abuse arose based on common triggers and a gut feeling that `something is wrong here'. GPs acted upon their suspicion by gathering more data by history taking and physical examination. They often found it challenging to decide whether a child was abused because parents, despite their good intentions, may lack parenting skills and differ in their norms and values. GPs reported clear signs of sexual abuse and physical violence to CPS. However, in less clear-cut cases they followed-up and built a supporting network around the family. Most GPs highly valued the patient-doctor relationship while recognizing the risk of pushing boundaries. Conclusion: A low child abuse reporting rate by GPs to CPS does not mean a low detection rate. GPs use patients' trust in their doctor to improve a child's situation by involving other professionals. Background: The number of people suffering from multiple chronic conditions, multimorbidity, is rising. For society, multimorbidity is known to increase healthcare expenses through more frequent contacts, especially with the primary sector. For the individual, an increasing number of medical conditions are associated with lower quality of life (QoL). However, there is no statistically validated condition-specific patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) for the assessment of QoL among patients with multimorbidity. A validated PROM is essential in order to measure effect in intervention studies for this patient group. Research question: (1) To identify items covering QoL among patients with multimorbidity in a Danish context. (2) To develop and validate a PROM for assessment of QoL among patients with multimorbidity. (3) To utilize the final PROM in a large group of patients with multimorbidity to measure their QoL when living with different combinations and severity of multimorbidity. Methods: Phase 1: qualitative individual and focus group interviews with patients with multimorbidity to identify relevant QoL items. Phase 2: validation of the items through a draft questionnaire sent by email to around 200-400 patients with multimorbidity. Phase 3: psychometric validation of the draft questionnaire securing items with the highest possible measurement quality. Phase 4: assessment of QoL among approximately 2000 patients with multimorbidity from the Danish Lolland-Falster study. Results: There are no results yet. Currently, the interview guide is under development. Conclusion: Despite the rising number of patients with multimorbidity and the known inverse relationship between a patient's number of medical conditions and their quality of life, there is no statistically validated condition-specific PROM for assessment of QoL among this group. Our aim is that this project's developed and validated PROM will be used in future intervention studies as a valid measure of QoL among patients with multimorbidity. Background: Through a systematic review of the literature and qualitative research across Europe, the European General Practitioners Research Network (EGPRN) has designed and validated a comprehensive definition of multimorbidity. It is a concept considering all the biopsychosocial conditions of a patient. This concept encompasses more than 50 variables and is consequently difficult to use in primary care. Consideration of adverse outcomes (such as death or acute hospitalization) could help to distinguish which variables could be risk factors of decompensation within the definition of multimorbidity. Research question: Which criteria in the EGPRN concept of multimorbidity could detect outpatients at risk of death or acute hospitalization (i.e. decompensation) in a primary care cohort at 24-months of follow-up? Methods: Primary care outpatients (131) answering to EGPRN's multimorbidity definition were included by GPs, during two periods of inclusion in 2014 and 2015. At 24 months follow-up, the status `decompensation' or `nothing to report' was collected. A logistic regression following a Cox model was performed to achieve the survival analysis and to identify potential risk factors. Results: At 24 months follow-up, 120 patients were analysed. Three different clusters were identified. Forty-four patients, representing 36.6\% of the population, had either died or been hospitalized more than seven consecutive days. Two variables were significantly associated with decompensation: Number of GPs encounters per year (HR: 1.06; 95\%CI: 1.03-1.10, p <0.001), and total number of diseases (HR: 1.12; 95\%CI: 1.03-1.33; P = 0.039). Conclusion: To prevent death or acute hospitalization in multimorbid outpatients, GPs may be alert to those with high rates of GP encounters or a high number of illnesses. These results are consistent with others in medical literature. Background: A study of casual versus causal comorbidity in family medicine in three practice populations from the Netherlands, Malta and Serbia. Research question: (1) What is the observed comorbidity of the 20 most common episodes of care in three countries? (2) How much of the observed comorbidity is likely to be casual versus causal? Methods: Participating family doctors (FDs) in the Netherlands, Malta and Serbia recorded details of all patient contacts in an episode of care structure using electronic medical records based on the International Classification of Primary Care, collecting data on all elements of the doctor-patient encounter, including the diagnostic labels (episode of care labels, EoCs). Comorbidity was measured using the odds ratio of both conditions being incident or rest-prevalent in the same patient in one-year data frames, as against not. Results: Comorbidity in family practice expressed as odds ratios between the 41 most prevalent (joint top 20) episode titles in the three populations. Specific associations were explored in different age groups to observe the changes in odds ratios with increasing age as a surrogate for a temporal or biological gradient. Conclusion: After applying accepted criteria for testing the causality of associations, it is reasonable to conclude that most of the observed primary care comorbidity is casual. It would be incorrect to assume causal relationships between co-occurring diseases in family medicine, even if such a relationship might be plausible or consistent with current conceptualizations of the causation of disease. Most observed comorbidity in primary care is the result of increasing illness diversity. Background: The concept of therapeutic alliance emerged in the beginning of the twentieth century and came from psychoanalysis. This notion was then extended to the somatic field and aims to replace the paternalistic model in the doctor-patient relationship. The EGPRN TATA group selected the WAI SR as the most reliable and reproducible scale to assess therapeutic alliance. To use it within Europe, it was necessary to translate it into most European languages. The following study aimed to assess the linguistic homogeneity of five of these translations. Research question: Are the translations of the WAI SR homogeneous between Spain, Poland, Slovenia, France and Italy? Methods: Forward-backward translations were achieved in five participating countries (Spain, Poland, France, Slovenia and Italy). Using a Delphi procedure, a global homogeneity check was then performed by comparing the five backward translations during a physical meeting involving GP teachers/researchers from many European countries; the heterogeneity of the participants' origins was a token of reliability. Results: In the assessment of the five translations, 107 experts participated. A consensus was obtained in one to two Delphi rounds for each. During the `homogeneity check,' some discrepancies were noted with the original version and were discussed with the local teams. This last stage permitted to highlight cultural discrepancies and real translation issues and to correct if needed. Conclusion: Five homogeneous versions of the WAI SR are now available in five European languages. They will be helpful to evaluate therapeutic alliance at different levels: for GPs in daily practice, for students during the initial and continuous training, and for further research in these five countries. Background: The patient enablement instrument (PEI) is an established patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) that reflects the quality of a GP appointment. It is a six-item questionnaire, addressed to the patient immediately after a consultation. Research question: The study aimed to evaluate whether a single-item measure (the Q1), based on the PEI, or a single question extracted from the PEI itself (the Q2) could replace the PEI when measuring patient enablement among Finnish healthcare centre patients. Methods: The study design included (1) a pilot study with brief interviews with the respondents, (2) a questionnaire study before and after a single appointment with a GP, and (3) a telephone interview two weeks after the appointment. The correlations between the measures were examined. The sensitivity, specificity and both positive and negative predictive values for the Q1 and the Q2 were calculated, with different PEI score cut-off points. Results: Altogether 483 patients with completed PEIs were included in the analyses. The correlations between the PEI and the Q1 or the Q2 were 0.48 and 0.84, respectively. Both the Q1 and the Q2 had high sensitivity and negative predictive value in relation to patients with lower enablement scores. The reliability coefficients were 0.24 for the Q1 and 0.76 for the Q2. Conclusion: The Q2 seems to be a valid and reliable way to measure patient enablement. The Q1 seems to be less correlated with the PEI, but it also has high negative predictive value in relation to low enablement scores. Multimorbidity challenges existing healthcare organization and research, which remains disease and single-condition focused. Basic science approaches to multimorbidity have the potential to identify important shared mechanisms by which diseases we currently think of as distinct might arise, but there is a pressing need for more applied and health services research to understand better and manage multimorbidity now. There are several recent clinical guidelines, which make recommendations for managing multimorbidity or related issues for patients such as polypharmacy and frailty. However, the evidence base underpinning these recommendations is often weak, and these guidelines, therefore, also help define a research agenda. A key problem for researchers and health services is that multimorbidity is very heterogeneous, in that `intermittent low back pain plus mild eczema' presents very different challenges to researchers and health services compared to `active psychosis plus severe heart failure'. Identifying important but tractable research questions is therefore not always straightforward. This presentation will identify important gaps in the evidence, and illustrate how they might be filled. The focus will be on two areas where there is consensus that better evidence is needed to inform care design and delivery: (1) organizational interventions to implement more coordinated and holistic care; and (2) interventions to improve medicines management in people with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. These illustrate both the potential for imaginative research, but also the scale. Background: The accumulation of multiple chronic diseases (multimorbidity) and multiple prescribed medications (polypharmacy) over time may influence the extent to which an individual maintains health and well-being in later life. Research question: This research aims to describe the patterns (sequence and timing) of multimorbidity and polypharmacy that accumulate over time among primary healthcare patients in Canada. Methods: Data are derived from the Canadian primary care sentinel surveillance network (CPCSSN) electronic medical record (EMR) database that holds >= 1 million longitudinal, de-identified records. Multimorbidity will be identified with 20 categories, cut-off points of >= 2 and >= 3 chronic conditions and the International Classification of Disease (ICD) classification system. Polypharmacy will be identified using the cut-off points of >= 5 and >= 10 medication classes and the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system. Analyses will be conducted using Java and Stata 14.2 software. Results: The prevalence of chronic diseases and prescribed medications will be presented, as well as the patterns that are observed among adults and older adults in Canada. The most frequent patterns (combinations and permutations) of multimorbidity and polypharmacy will be presented, stratified by sex and age category. The relationships with other factors, such as the presence of frailty, disability or increased health service use, will be examined. As well, the methodological challenges to identifying the presence and sequence of multimorbidity and polypharmacy in national, longitudinal data will be discussed. Conclusion: This research will explore the profiles of multimorbidity and polypharmacy in mid- and late-life using a national, longitudinal database. These findings can be used strategically to inform healthcare delivery and to contribute to the understanding of multimorbidity and polypharmacy in the international literature. Reducing the burden of prescribed medications and the harms of polypharmacy are key tasks within the context of multimorbidity. Background: Multimorbidity and polypharmacy have become the norm for general practitioners (GPs). Ideally, GPs search for inappropriate medication and, if necessary, deprescribe. However, it remains challenging to deprescribe given time constraints and little backup from guidelines. Furthermore, barriers and enablers to deprescribing among patients have to be accounted for. Research question: To identify barriers and enablers to deprescribing in older patients with polypharmacy. Methods: We surveyed among patients >70 years with multimorbidity (>2 chronic conditions) and polypharmacy (>4 regular medicines). We invited Swiss GPs to recruit eligible patients, each of whom completed a paper-based survey on demography, medications and chronic conditions. We applied the revised patients' attitudes towards deprescribing (rPATD) questionnaire and added 12 additional questions and two open questions to assess barriers and enablers towards deprescribing. Results: We analysed the first 221 responses received so far and full results will be presented at the conference. Participants were 79.3 years in mean (SD 5.8) and 48\% female. Thirty-one percent lived alone, and 85\% prepared their medication themselves, all others required help. Seventy-six percent of participants took 5-9 regular medicines and 24\% took >= 10 up to 22 medicines. Participants (76\%) were willing to deprescribe one or more of their medicines and 78\% did not have any negative experience with deprescribing. Age and gender were not associated with their willingness to deprescribe. Important barriers to deprescribing were satisfaction with drugs (96\%), long-term drugs (56\%) and noticing positive effects when taking them (92\%). When it comes to deprescribing, 89\% of participants wanted as much information as possible on their medicines. Having a good relationship with their GP was a further key factor to them (85\%). Conclusion: Most older adults are willing to deprescribe. They would like to be informed about their medicines and want to discuss deprescribing to achieve shared decision-making with the GP they trust. Background: With growing populations of patients with multimorbidity, general practitioners need insight into which patients in their practice are most in need for person-centred integrated care ('high-need' patients). Using data from electronic primary care medical records to automatically create a list of possible `high need' patients could be a quick and easy first step to assist GPs in identifying these patients. Research question: Can `high need' patients with multimorbidity be identified automatically from their primary care medical records? Methods: Pseudonymized medical records of patients with multimorbidity (>= 2 chronic diseases) were analysed. Data was derived from the Nivel primary care database, a large registry containing data routinely recorded in electronic health records. This includes data on healthcare use, health problems and treatment. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to predict outcomes (frequent contact with the general practice, ER visits and unplanned hospital admissions). Predictors were age, sex, healthcare use in the previous year, morbidity and medication use. Results: In total, 245 065 patients with multimorbidity were identified, of which 48\% were above the age of 65 and 57\% female. More than 42\% had five GP contacts in the previous year and 62\% used five or more different medications. Frequent contact with the general practice could be reliably predicted using only the number of contacts in the previous year (AUC: 0.82). Adding all other predictors (including specific chronic conditions) only improved the predictive value of the model marginally (AUC: 0.84). Identifying patients with a high risk for ER visits and unplanned hospital admissions proved more difficult (AUC: 0.67 and 0.70, respectively). Conclusion: `High need' patients with multimorbidity can be automatically selected from primary care medical records using only the number of contacts with the general practice in the previous year. Composing a list of these patients can help GPs to identify those eligible for person-centred integrated care. Background: Chronic diseases usually have a long duration and slow progression and, as a result, they tend to aggregate in multimorbidity patterns (MPs) during the life course and/or due to shared underlying pathophysiological pathways. Knowledge of how MPs progress over time is necessary to develop effective prevention management strategies. Research question: What are the most likely MPs over time? Which longitudinal shifts from one pattern to another occur during follow-up? Methods: A prospective longitudinal study based on electronic health records was conducted during 2012-2016 in Catalonia, Spain. For people aged >= 65 years, we extracted data on demographics and diagnostic codes for chronic diseases (ICD-10). Machine-learning techniques were applied for the identification of disease clusters using fuzzy c-means analysis to obtain initial clusters. To estimate longitudinal MPs and their progression for each individual a hidden Markov model was fitted, estimating: (1) the transition probability matrix between clusters; (2) the initial cluster probability; (3) the most likely trajectory for each individual. The prevalence of disease in each cluster, observed/expected ratios (O/E ratios) and disease exclusivity was determined for each MP. Criteria used to designate cluster: O/E ratio >= 2. Results: In total, 916 619 individuals were included. Ten MPs were identified. The cluster including the most prevalent diseases was designated non-specific (42.0\% of individuals). The remaining nine clusters included the following anatomical systems: ophthalmologic and mental diseases (19.3\%), osteometabolic (7.9\%), cardio-circulatory (6.6\%), and others. Most patients, minimum 59.2\%, remained in the same cluster during the study period. The highest transitions to the mortality state were observed in the cardio-circulatory (37.1\%) and nervous (31.8\%) MPs. Conclusion: Ten significant longitudinal MPs were found. The application of sophisticated statistical techniques ideally suited the study of the MPs and allowed for characterization over time. This method is useful to establish a probabilistic evolution of MPs. Background: Quality of life is an essential theme for quantitative surveys in primary care. Treatments and procedures need to be assessed on whether they change patients' quality of life. This has led to the creation of evaluation scales. The purpose of this study was to determine reproducibility and efficiency of 11 previously selected quality of life scales (selected with a systematic review) for the general population. Research question: What is the best possible reproducible and efficient quality of life scale for the general population? Methods: The search was conducted from November 2017 to April 2018 in PubMed and Cochrane databases, according to the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) protocol. The inclusion criteria were the psychometric qualities for each of the 11 scales studied. Articles dealing with subpopulations or those not written in IMRAD format were excluded. The collected values were reproducibility and efficiency. Results: Out of 206, 46 selected articles were included. Cronbach's alpha by domain and Pearson's coefficient were the most analysed psychometrics. No valid efficiency data was obtained. The internal consistency was over 0.7 for the SF-36, SF12v2 and EQ-5D scales. The Pearson coefficient was over 0.4 for the SF36v2, SF-12 and SF-12v2 scales. The Cohen's kappa ranged from 0.4 to 0.80 for the EQ-5D questionnaire. Conclusion: No scale is fully validated. Reproducibility values were incomplete (Cronbach's alpha and Pearson's most expressed). No efficiency data was found. The most validated scales are the SF family and the EQ-5D. Researchers and clinicians should be aware of these limitations when choosing a quality of life scale. They should return to the scales' designs to choose the one that underlines the type of quality of life they want to assess as no external validity is available. Background: Previous studies have shown an increased rate of infection among patients with diabetes; however, it is unclear from these studies if the level of HbA1c is correlated with infection. Research question: This study aimed to examine the association between glycaemic control of type 2 diabetes patients and the incidence of infections. Methods: An HMO database was used to identify all DM patients. The first HbA1c test during the period of the study was selected for each patient; then an infection diagnosis was searched in the 60 days that followed the test. We compared the HbA1c test results that were followed by an infection to those that were not. After applying exclusion criteria: having cancer, receiving immunosuppressive medication, undergoing dialysis treatment, anaemia less than 9 mg\%, and G6PD deficiency, there remained 33 637 patients in the cohort. The study period was October 2014 to September 2017. The following information was collected: age, gender, socio-economic index, BMI, use of hypoglycaemic and steroid medication in the 90 days before infection, and comorbid conditions (IHD, PVD, CVA, CCF, asthma, COPD, Parkinson's disease, dementia, CRF). Results: In total, 804 patients had an infection within 60 days following an HbA1c test. For cellulitis, cholecystitis, herpes zoster, pneumonia and sinusitis the HbA1c was higher than those patients that had no infection (for cellulitis 7.603 vs 7.243). When factored into logistic regression analysis, we found that other chronic diseases increased the risk of infection between 29 and 60\%. Each increase of a gram of HbA1c increased the risk by 8.5\%. Use of steroids in the 90 days before the infection increases the chance of infection by 734\%. Conclusion: Increasing HbA1c and comorbidity both increase the risk of infection among type 2 diabetics but use of oral or injectable steroids is a much more significant risk factor.}, Type = {Meeting}, Language = {English}, DOI = {10.1080/13814788.2019.1643166}, ISSN = {1381-4788}, EISSN = {1751-1402}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Primary Health Care; Medicine, General \& Internal}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Blondeel, Sofie/AAE-5307-2022 Fazli, Ghazal/AAE-8320-2022 DSILVA, BROOKE/HCI-4879-2022 Baldissera, Annalisa/AHD-6334-2022 }, ORCID-Numbers = {hong, zhao/0000-0003-3528-6320}, Number-of-Cited-References = {0}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {83}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {878}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000481779500010}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000713662400001, Author = {Naeemah, Ali Jaber and Wong, Kuan Yew}, Title = {Selection methods of lean management tools: a review}, Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTIVITY AND PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT}, Year = {2023}, Volume = {72}, Number = {4}, Pages = {1077-1110}, Month = {MAR 24}, Abstract = {Purpose The purpose of this paper is (1) to review, analyze and assess the existing literature on lean tools selection studies published from 2005 to 2021; (2) to identify the limitations faced by previous studies; and (3) to suggest future works that are necessary to facilitate the selection of lean tools. Design/methodology/approach A systematic approach was used in order to identify, collect and select the articles. Several keywords related to the selection of lean tools were used to collect articles from different Scopus indexed journals. Next, the study systematically reviewed and analyzed the selected papers to identify the lean tools' selection method and discussed its features and limitations. Findings An analysis of the results showed that previous studies have adopted two types of methods for selecting lean tools. First, there are various traditional methods being used. Second, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods were commonly used in previous studies, such as the multi-objective decision-making method (MODM), single multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) methods and hybrid (MCDM). Moreover, the study revealed that the lean tools' selection methods in previous studies were based on evaluating the relationship between either lean tools and performance metrics or lean tools and waste, or both. Research limitations/implications In terms of its theoretical value, the study is considered as an extension of the previous researches performed on this topic by determining and analyzing the features of the most selection methods of lean tools. Unlike previous review papers, this review had considered discussing and analyzing the characteristics and limitations of these methods. Section 2.2 of this paper reviewed some of the categories of MCDM methods as well as some of the traditional methods used in the selected previous studies. Section 2.1 of this paper explained the concept of lean management and its application benefits. Further, only three sectors were covered by the previous studies in this review paper. This study also provided recommendations for future research. Therefore, it provided researchers with a good conception of how to conduct the studies on lean tools selection. Besides, knowing the methods used in previous studies can help researchers develop new methods to select the best set of lean tools. That is, this study provided and advanced the existing knowledge base for researchers concerning lean tools selection, especially there is limited availability of review papers on this topic. Moreover, the study showed researchers the importance of the relationship between lean tools and indicators or/and performance indicators to determine the appropriate set of lean tools so that the results of future studies will be more realistic and acceptable. Practical implications Practically, manufacturers face a significant challenge when selecting proper lean tools. This study may enhance managers, manufacturers and company's knowledge to identify most of the methods used to choose the best set of lean tools and what are the advantages, disadvantages and limitations of these methods as well as the latest studies that have been adopted in this topic. That means this study can direct companies to prioritize the application of lean tools depending on either the manufacturing performance metrics or/and manufacturing wastes so that they avoid incorrect application of lean tools, which will add more non-value added activities to operations. Therefore companies can decrease the time and cost losses and enhancing the quality and efficiency of the performance. Correctly implementing the best set of lean tools in companies will lead in general to correctly applying lean management in corporations. Therefore, these lean tools can boost the economic aspect of companies and society through reducing waste, improving performance indicators, preserving time and cost, achieving quality, efficiency, competitiveness, boosting employee income and improving the gross domestic product. The correct lean tool selection reduces customer complaints and employee stress and improves work conditions, health, safety and labor wellbeing. Besides, the correct lean tools selection improves materials usage, energy usage, water usage and decreases liquid wastes, solid wastes and air emissions. As a result, the right selection of lean tools will have positive effects on both the environment and society. The study may also encourage manufacturers and researchers to adopt studies on lean tools selection in small- and medium-sized companies because the study referred to the importance and participation of these kinds of companies in a large proportion of the economy of developing countries. Further, the study may encourage some countries that have not previously adopted this type of study, academically and industrially to conduct lean tools selection studies. Social implications As mentioned previously, the correct lean tool selection reduces customer complaints and employee stress and improves work conditions, health, safety and labor wellbeing. The proper lean tools selection improves materials usage, energy usage, water usage and decreases liquid wastes, solid wastes and air emissions. As a result, the right choice of lean tools will positively affect both the environment and society. Originality/value The study expanded the efforts of previous studies concerning lean management features. It provided an accurate review of most lean tools selection studies published from 2005 to 2021 and was not limited to the manufacturing sector. It further identified and briefly described the selection methods concerning lean tools adopted in each paper.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Wong, KY (Corresponding Author), Univ Teknol Malaysia, Sch Mech Engn, Dept Mfg \& Ind Engn, Skudai, Malaysia. Naeemah, Ali Jaber; Wong, Kuan Yew, Univ Teknol Malaysia, Sch Mech Engn, Dept Mfg \& Ind Engn, Skudai, Malaysia.}, DOI = {10.1108/IJPPM-04-2021-0198}, EarlyAccessDate = {OCT 2021}, ISSN = {1741-0401}, EISSN = {1758-6658}, Keywords = {Selection method; Tools selection; Lean management; Lean management tools; Lean manufacturing}, Keywords-Plus = {TOYOTA PRODUCTION SYSTEM; DECISION-MAKING METHOD; HIERARCHY PROCESS AHP; 6 SIGMA; SUSTAINABILITY; PERFORMANCE; IMPACT; MODEL; SMES; IMPLEMENTATION}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Management}, Author-Email = {j.naeemah@graduate.utm.my m-wongky@utm.my}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Wong, Kuan Yew/D-1577-2010}, Number-of-Cited-References = {109}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {22}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {102}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000713662400001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000452324900001, Author = {Suchman, Lauren}, Title = {Accrediting private providers with National Health Insurance to better serve low-income populations in Kenya and Ghana: a qualitative study}, Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR EQUITY IN HEALTH}, Year = {2018}, Volume = {17}, Month = {DEC 5}, Abstract = {Background: Small private providers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are well positioned to fill gaps in services to low-income populations using Social Health Insurance (SHI) schemes. However, we know little about the practical challenges both private providers and patients face in the context of SHI that may ultimately limit access to quality services for low-income populations. In this paper, we pull together data collected from private providers, patients, and SHI officials in Kenya and Ghana to answer the question: does participation in an SHI scheme affect private providers' ability to serve poorer patient populations with quality health services? Methods: In-depth interviews were held with 204 providers over three rounds of data collection (2013, 2015, 2017) in Kenya and Ghana. We also conducted client exit interviews in 2013 and 2017 for a total of 106 patient interviews. Ten focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted in Kenya and Ghana respectively in 2013 for a total of 171 FGD participants. A total of 13 in-depth interviews also were conducted with officials from the Ghana National Health Insurance Agency (NHIA) and the Kenya National Hospital Insurance Fund (NHIF) across four rounds of data collection (2013, 2014, 2016, 2017). Provider interviews covered reasons for (non) enrollment in the health insurance system, experiences with the accreditation process, and benefits and challenges with the system. Client exit interviews covered provider choice, clinic experience, and SHI experience. FGDs covered the local healthcare landscape. Interviews with SHI officials covered officials' experiences working with private providers, and the opportunities and challenges they faced both accrediting providers and enrolling members. Transcripts were coded in Atlas.ti using an open coding approach and analyzed thematically. Results: Private providers and patients agreed that SHI schemes are beneficial for reducing out-of-pocket costs to patients and many providers felt they had to become SHI-accredited in order to keep their facilities open. The SHI officials in both countries corroborated these sentiments. However, due to misunderstanding of the system providers tended to charge clients for services they felt were above and beyond reimbursable expenses. Services were sometimes limited as well. Significant delays in SHI reimbursement in Ghana exacerbated these problems and compromised providers' abilities to cover basic expenses without charging patients. While patients recognized the potential benefits of SHI coverage and many sought it out, a number of patients reported allowing their enrollment to lapse for cost reasons or because they felt the coverage was useless when they were still asked to pay for services out-of-pocket at the health facility. Conclusions: Our data point to several major barriers to SHI access and effectiveness for low-income populations in Ghana and in Kenya, in addition to opportunities to better engage private providers to serve these populations. We recommend using fee-for-service payments based on Diagnosis Related Group rather than a capitation payment system, as well as building more monitoring and accountability mechanisms into the SHI systems in order to reduce requests for informal out-of-pocket payments from patients while also ensuring quality of care. However, particularly in Ghana, these reforms should be accompanied by financial reform within the SHI system so that small private providers can be adequately funded through government financing.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Suchman, L (Corresponding Author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Global Hlth Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Suchman, Lauren, Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Global Hlth Sci, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12939-018-0893-y}, Article-Number = {179}, EISSN = {1475-9276}, Keywords = {Social health insurance; Healthcare access; Private providers; Low-income; Kenya; Ghana}, Keywords-Plus = {DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; COVERAGE; SECTOR; SCHEME; CARE; SERVICES; ACCOUNTABILITY; ENROLLMENT; AFRICA; ACCESS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {Lauren.Suchman@ucsf.edu}, ORCID-Numbers = {Suchman, Lauren/0000-0002-3684-0314}, Number-of-Cited-References = {72}, Times-Cited = {9}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {4}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000452324900001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000905614700001, Author = {Miiro, Chraish and Ndawula, Josephine Caren and Musudo, Enoch and Nabuuma, Olivia Peace and Mpaata, Charles Norman and Nabukenya, Shamim and Akaka, Alex and Bebembeire, Olivia and Sanya, Douglas}, Title = {Achieving optimal heath data impact in rural African healthcare settings: measures to barriers in Bukomansimbi District, Central Uganda}, Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR EQUITY IN HEALTH}, Year = {2022}, Volume = {21}, Number = {1}, Month = {DEC 28}, Abstract = {Background Health data is one of the most valuable assets in health service delivery yet one of the most underutilized in especially low-income countries. Health data is postulated to improve health service delivery through availing avenues for optimal patient management, facility management, and public health surveillance and management. Advancements in information technology (IT) will further increase the value of data, but will also call for capacity readiness especially in rural health facilities. We aimed to understand the current knowledge, attitudes and practices of health workers towards health data management and utilization. Methods We conducted key informant interviews (KII) for health workers and data staff, and focus group discussions (FGD) for the village health teams (VHTs). We used both purposive and convenience sampling to recruit key informants, and convenience sampling to recruit village health teams. Interviews and discussions were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. We manually generated the codes and we used thematic analysis to identify the themes. We also developed a reflexivity journal. Results We conducted a total of 6 key informant interviews and 3 focus group discussions of 29 participants. Our analysis identified 7 themes: One theme underscored the health workers' enthusiasm towards an optimal health data management setting. The rest of the six themes resonated around working remedies to the systemic challenges that grapple health data management and utilization at facilities in rural areas. These include: Building human resource capacity; Equipping the facilities; Improved coordination with partners; Improved data quality assurance; Promotion of a pull supply system and Reducing information relay time. Conclusion Our findings reveal a plethora of systematic challenges that have persistently undercut optimal routine health data management and utilization in rural areas and suggest possible working remedies. Health care workers express enthusiasm towards an optimal health management system but this isn't matched by their technical capacity, facility readiness, systems and policy willingness. There is an urgent need to build rural lower facilities' capacity in health data management and utilization which will also lay a foundation for exploitation of information technology in health.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Miiro, C (Corresponding Author), Makerere Univ, Dept Pharm, 7072, Kampala, Uganda. Miiro, Chraish; Musudo, Enoch, Makerere Univ, Dept Pharm, 7072, Kampala, Uganda. Ndawula, Josephine Caren; Bebembeire, Olivia; Sanya, Douglas, Makerere Univ, Sch Med, 7072, Kampala, Uganda. Nabuuma, Olivia Peace; Mpaata, Charles Norman; Nabukenya, Shamim; Akaka, Alex, Makerere Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, 7072, Kampala, Uganda.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12939-022-01814-1}, Article-Number = {187}, EISSN = {1475-9276}, Keywords = {Health data; Healthcare professionals; Qualitative research}, Keywords-Plus = {INFORMATION; TECHNOLOGY; EFFICIENCY; RECORDS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {miirochraish21@gmail.com}, Number-of-Cited-References = {46}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {2}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000905614700001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000448945200005, Author = {Duffett, Mark and Swinton, Marilyn and Brouwers, Melissa and Meade, Maureen and Cook, Deborah J.}, Title = {Advancing Randomized Controlled Trials in Pediatric Critical Care: The Perspectives of Trialists}, Journal = {PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE}, Year = {2018}, Volume = {19}, Number = {11}, Pages = {E595-E602}, Month = {NOV}, Abstract = {Objectives: Clinical research is a complex scientific and social enterprise. Our objective was to identify strategies that pediatric critical care trialists consider acceptable, feasible, and effective to improve the design and conduct randomized controlled trials in pediatric critical care. Design: Qualitative descriptive study using semistructured individual interviews. Subjects: We interviewed 26 pediatric critical care researchers from seven countries who have published a randomized controlled trial (2005-2015). We used purposive sampling to achieve diversity regarding researcher characteristics and randomized controlled trial characteristics. Interventions: None. Measurements and Main Results: Most participants (24 {[}92\%]) were from high-income countries, eight (31\%) had published more than one randomized controlled trial, 17 (65\%) had published a multicenter randomized controlled trial, and eight (31\%) had published a multinational randomized controlled trial. An important theme was building communitiesgroups of individuals with similar interests, shared experiences, and common values, bound by professional and personal relationships. Participants described a sense of community as a source of motivation and encouragement and as a means to larger, more rigorous trials, increasing researcher and clinician engagement and maintaining enthusiasm. Strategies to build communities stressed in-person interactions (both professional and social), capable leadership, and trust. Another important theme was getting started. Participants highlighted the importance of formal research training and high-quality experiential learning through collaboration on other's projects, guided by effective mentorship. Also important was working within the systemensuring academic credit for a range of contributions, not only for the principal investigator role. The longitudinal notion of building on success was also underscored as a cross-cutting theme. Conclusions: Coordinated, deliberate actions to build community and ensure key training and practical experiences for new investigators may strengthen the research enterprise in pediatric critical care. These strategies, potentially in combination with other novel approaches, may vitalize clinical research in this field.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Duffett, M (Corresponding Author), McMaster Univ, Dept Pediat, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Duffett, Mark, McMaster Univ, Dept Pediat, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Swinton, Marilyn; Brouwers, Melissa; Meade, Maureen; Cook, Deborah J., McMaster Univ, Dept Hlth Res Methods Evidence \& Impact, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Brouwers, Melissa, McMaster Univ, Dept Oncol, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Meade, Maureen; Cook, Deborah J., McMaster Univ, Dept Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada. McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada.}, DOI = {10.1097/PCC.0000000000001696}, ISSN = {1529-7535}, EISSN = {1947-3893}, Keywords = {pediatric critical care; qualitative methods; randomized controlled trials; research methods}, Keywords-Plus = {CLINICAL-TRIALS; PUBLICATION; BARRIERS; QUALITY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Critical Care Medicine; Pediatrics}, Author-Email = {duffetmc@mcmaster.ca}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Duffett, Mark/B-7524-2019 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Duffett, Mark/0000-0003-1705-5422 Brouwers, Melissa/0000-0002-9699-0269}, Number-of-Cited-References = {19}, Times-Cited = {3}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {1}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000448945200005}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000229478900017, Author = {Lasker, JP and LaPointe, LL and Kodras, JE}, Title = {Helping a professor with aphasia resume teaching through multimodal approaches}, Journal = {APHASIOLOGY}, Year = {2005}, Volume = {19}, Number = {3-5}, Pages = {399-410}, Month = {MAR-MAY}, Note = {34th Annual Clinical Aphasiology Conference, Park City, UT, 2004}, Abstract = {Background: Research and clinical evidence suggest that employment after stroke may be an important aspect of-preserving personal and social identity; however, few people with significant aphasia manage to return to work, particularly if their jobs are communicatively and cognitively demanding. Aims: This study presents the case of a professor with aphasia, JK, who resumed teaching through a combination of voice-output technology and the Key Word Teaching technique. Researchers investigated student attitudes towards two teaching approaches-one utilising voice-output technology alone and the other combining voice-output with the Key Word Teaching technique. Methods \& Procedures: Ten student participants attended two simulated class sessions-one utilising voice-output technology alone and the other combining voice-output with the Key Word Teaching technique. Investigators analysed attitudinal survey results using nonparametric analyses. Qualitative approaches were employed to analyse transcripts of focus group discussions and written teaching evaluations. The investigators also compared university-based teaching evaluations from before JK's stroke to results obtained after the training protocol was completed. In addition, investigators videotaped and reviewed in-class teaching examples. Outcomes \& Results: In the Combined condition, students rated the professor and the presentation more positively on dependent measures related to rate, comfort, understandability, and their willingness to participate. In a ranking task, all students preferred the Combined teaching approach. The scores on JK's university-based teaching evaluations provided by her students the semester after Key Word Teaching training were similar to evaluations from before her stroke. In addition, excerpts from JK's classroom discourse revealed that she was now combining natural speech and synthesised speech output to enhance her teaching. Conclusions: Results suggest that students preferred the Combined teaching approach utilising both the synthesised speech from the computer and the Key Word Teaching technique. Also, the training protocol enabled JK to combine natural speech and synthesised computer output within the classroom setting in ways that she had been unable to prior to training. The results demonstrate how a thorough analysis of JK's communication needs, accompanied by explicit training in techniques to overcome barriers to participation, resulted in a successful vocational outcome that enabled JK to retain an important aspect of her identity.}, Type = {Article; Proceedings Paper}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Lasker, JP (Corresponding Author), Florida State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, Reg Rehabil Ctr 305, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. Florida State Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, Reg Rehabil Ctr 305, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.}, DOI = {10.1080/02687030444000840}, ISSN = {0268-7038}, EISSN = {1464-5041}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Audiology \& Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation}, Author-Email = {joanne.lasker@comm.fsu.edu}, Number-of-Cited-References = {12}, Times-Cited = {17}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {7}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000229478900017}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000409383600003, Author = {Jarero, Ignacio and Rake, Gregory and Givaudan, Martha}, Title = {EMDR Therapy Program for Advanced Psychosocial Interventions Provided by Paraprofessionals}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF EMDR PRACTICE AND RESEARCH}, Year = {2017}, Volume = {11}, Number = {3}, Pages = {122-128}, Abstract = {The aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate the effectiveness of specially trained and supervised paraprofessionals in administering the eye movement desensitization and reprocessing Integrative Group Treatment Protocol (EMDR-IGTP) to reduce work-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. The 2 paraprofessionals in this study were specially selected and trained in the application of the EMDR-IGTP and then provided treatment in an uncontrolled clinical trial to 37 clients from 3 non-governmental organizations in Bolivia. The participants were adult staff members (protective services workers, caregivers, psychologist, lawyers, and social workers) who provided care to children and adolescents with severe interpersonal trauma. Four EMDR-IGTP sessions within a parallel 2-week period were administered for each randomly assigned group. The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) was administered at pretreatment and 30 and 90 days' posttreatment. A repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) determined that PCL-5 score means differed statistically significantly between time points F (2, 72) = 574.53, p<.001, eta(2)(P) = .94. The study presents preliminary evidence scaling up EMDR therapy in a low-and middle-income country, making it possible to reach larger numbers of people in a shorter time, thereby offering an operational advantage. The study has limitations specially related to the size of the sample, the use of only one measure, and the lack of comparison with a control group or treatment. Further studies are required to present large samples with more measures and comparison of results with another therapy or control group.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Jarero, I (Corresponding Author), Blvd Luz 771, Mexico City 01900, DF, Mexico. Jarero, Ignacio; Rake, Gregory; Givaudan, Martha, Latin Amer \& Caribbean Fdn Psychol Trauma, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.}, DOI = {10.1891/1933-3196.11.3.122}, ISSN = {1933-3196}, EISSN = {1933-320X}, Keywords = {eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy; advanced psychosocial interventions; paraprofessionals; Integrative Group Treatment Protocol (IGTP); posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms}, Keywords-Plus = {ANXIETY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Psychology, Clinical; Psychology}, Author-Email = {nacho@amamecrisis.com.mx}, Number-of-Cited-References = {23}, Times-Cited = {6}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {8}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000409383600003}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000709011500002, Author = {Hicks, Joseph Paul and Allsop, Matthew John and Akaba, Godwin O. and Yalma, Ramsey M. and Dirisu, Osasuyi and Okusanya, Babasola and Tukur, Jamilu and Okunade, Kehinde and Akeju, David and Ajepe, Adegbenga and Okuzu, Okey and Mirzoev, Tolib and Ebenso, Bassey}, Title = {Acceptability and Potential Effectiveness of eHealth Tools for Training Primary Health Workers From Nigeria at Scale: Mixed Methods, Uncontrolled Before-and-After Study}, Journal = {JMIR MHEALTH AND UHEALTH}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {9}, Number = {9}, Month = {SEP}, Abstract = {Background: The in-service training of frontline health workers (FHWs) in primary health care facilities plays an important role in improving the standard of health care delivery. However, it is often expensive and requires FHWs to leave their posts in rural areas to attend courses in urban centers. This study reports the implementation of a digital health tool for providing video training (VTR) on maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH) care to provide in-service training at scale without interrupting health services. The VTR intervention was supported by satellite communications technology and existing 3G mobile networks. Objective: This study aims to determine the feasibility and acceptability of these digital health tools and their potential effectiveness in improving clinical knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to MNCH care. Methods: A mixed methods design, including an uncontrolled pre- and postquantitative evaluation, was adopted. From October 2017 to May 2018, a VTR mobile intervention was delivered to FHWs in 3 states of Nigeria. We examined changes in workers' knowledge and confidence in delivering MNCH services through a pre- and posttest survey. Stakeholders' experiences with the intervention were explored through semistructured interviews that drew on the technology acceptance model to frame contextual factors that shaped the intervention's acceptability and usability in the work environment. Results: In total, 328 FHWs completed both pre- and posttests. FHWs achieved a mean pretest score of 51\% (95\% CI 48\%-54\%) and mean posttest score of 69\% (95\% CI 66\%-72\%), reflecting, after adjusting for key covariates, a mean increase between the pre- and posttest of 17 percentage points (95\% CI 15-19; P<.001). Variation was identified in pre- and posttest scores by the sex and location of participants alongside topic-specific areas where scores were lowest. Stakeholder interviews suggested a wide acceptance of VTR Mobile (delivered via digital technology) as an important tool for enhancing the quality of training, reinforcing knowledge, and improving health outcomes. Conclusions: This study found that VTR supported through a digital technology approach is a feasible and acceptable approach for supporting improvements in clinical knowledge, attitudes, and reported practices in MNCH. The determinants of technology acceptance included ease of use, perceived usefulness, access to technology and training contents, and the cost-effectiveness of VTR, whereas barriers to the adoption of VTR were poor electricity supply, poor internet connection, and FHWs'workload. The evaluation also identified the mechanisms of the impact of delivering VTR Mobile at scale on the micro (individual), meso (organizational), and macro (policy) levels of the health system. Future research is required to explore the translation of this digital health approach for the VTR of FHWs and its impact across low-resource settings to ameliorate the financial and time costs of training and support high-quality MNCH care delivery.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Allsop, MJ (Corresponding Author), Univ Leeds, Acad Unit Palliat Care, Leeds Inst Hlth Sci, Worsley Bldg,Clarendon Way, Leeds LS2 9LU, W Yorkshire, England. Hicks, Joseph Paul; Ebenso, Bassey, Univ Leeds, Nuffield Ctr Int Hlth \& Dev, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. Allsop, Matthew John, Univ Leeds, Acad Unit Palliat Care, Leeds Inst Hlth Sci, Worsley Bldg,Clarendon Way, Leeds LS2 9LU, W Yorkshire, England. Akaba, Godwin O., Univ Abuja, Dept Obstet \& Gynaecol, Abuja, Nigeria. Yalma, Ramsey M., Univ Abuja, Dept Community Med, Abuja, Nigeria. Dirisu, Osasuyi, Populat Council, Abuja, Nigeria. Okusanya, Babasola; Okunade, Kehinde; Ajepe, Adegbenga, Univ Lagos, Coll Med, Dept Obstet \& Gynaecol, Lagos, Nigeria. Tukur, Jamilu, Aminu Kano Teaching Hosp, Kano, Nigeria. Akeju, David, Univ Lagos, Coll Med, Dept Sociol, Lagos, Nigeria. Okuzu, Okey, Instrat Global Hlth Solut, Abuja, Nigeria. Mirzoev, Tolib, London Sch Hyg \& Trop Med, Dept Global Hlth \& Dev, London, England.}, DOI = {10.2196/24182}, Article-Number = {e24182}, ISSN = {2291-5222}, Keywords = {primary health worker training; digital health technology; eHealth; video-based training; maternal and child health; Nigeria; mobile phone}, Keywords-Plus = {MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; MOBILE HEALTH}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services; Medical Informatics}, Author-Email = {m.j.allsop@leeds.ac.uk}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Yalma, Ramsey Msheliza/AGZ-4237-2022 AKABA, GODWIN/GLV-1941-2022 AKABA, GODWIN/S-7756-2019 Ebenso, Dr. Bassey E./H-5536-2017 OKUNADE, KEHINDE/A-8201-2017 }, ORCID-Numbers = {AKABA, GODWIN/0000-0002-8149-5492 AKABA, GODWIN/0000-0002-8149-5492 Ebenso, Dr. Bassey E./0000-0003-4147-0968 Mirzoev, Tolib/0000-0003-2959-9187 Allsop, Matthew/0000-0002-7399-0194 Hicks, Joseph/0000-0002-0303-6207 Tukur, Jamilu/0000-0002-1529-0448 OKUNADE, KEHINDE/0000-0002-0957-7389 Ajepe, Adegbenga/0000-0002-4967-4597}, Number-of-Cited-References = {39}, Times-Cited = {4}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {2}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000709011500002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000725623600001, Author = {Graham, Emily B. and Smith, A. Peyton}, Title = {Crowdsourcing Global Perspectives in Ecology Using Social Media}, Journal = {FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {9}, Month = {NOV 11}, Abstract = {Transparent, open, and reproducible research is still far from routine, and the full potential of open science has not yet been realized. Crowdsourcing-defined as the usage of a flexible open call to a heterogeneous group of individuals to recruit volunteers for a task -is an emerging scientific model that encourages larger and more outwardly transparent collaborations. While crowdsourcing, particularly through citizen- or community-based science, has been increasing over the last decade in ecological research, it remains infrequently used as a means of generating scientific knowledge in comparison to more traditional approaches. We explored a new implementation of crowdsourcing by using an open call on social media to assess its utility to address fundamental ecological questions. We specifically focused on pervasive challenges in predicting, mitigating, and understanding the consequences of disturbances. In this paper, we briefly review open science concepts and their benefits, and then focus on the new methods we used to generate a scientific publication. We share our approach, lessons learned, and potential pathways forward for expanding open science. Our model is based on the beliefs that social media can be a powerful tool for idea generation and that open collaborative writing processes can enhance scientific outcomes. We structured the project in five phases: (1) draft idea generation, (2) leadership team recruitment and project development, (3) open collaborator recruitment via social media, (4) iterative paper development, and (5) final editing, authorship assignment, and submission by the leadership team. We observed benefits including: facilitating connections between unusual networks of scientists, providing opportunities for early career and underrepresented groups of scientists, and rapid knowledge exchange that generated multidisciplinary ideas. We also identified areas for improvement, highlighting biases in the individuals that self-selected participation and acknowledging remaining barriers to contributing new or incompletely formed ideas into a public document. While shifting scientific paradigms to completely open science is a long-term process, our hope in publishing this work is to encourage others to build upon and improve our efforts in new and creative ways.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Graham, EB (Corresponding Author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Graham, EB (Corresponding Author), Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Graham, Emily B., Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. Graham, Emily B., Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. Smith, A. Peyton, Texas A\&M Univ, Dept Soil \& Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.}, DOI = {10.3389/fevo.2021.588894}, Article-Number = {588894}, ISSN = {2296-701X}, Keywords = {FAIR; ICON; disturbance; open science; Twitter; open innovation (OI)}, Keywords-Plus = {CITIZEN-SCIENCE; PSYCHOLOGY; REPLICATION; FUTURE; TOOL}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Ecology}, Author-Email = {emily.graham@pnnl.gov}, Number-of-Cited-References = {85}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {8}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000725623600001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000670889700022, Author = {Scantling, Dane and Orji, Whitney and Hatchimonji, Justin and Kaufman, Elinore and Holena, Daniel}, Title = {Firearm Violence, Access to Care, and Gentrification A Moving Target for American Trauma Systems}, Journal = {ANNALS OF SURGERY}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {274}, Number = {2}, Pages = {209-217}, Month = {AUG}, Abstract = {Objective: We aimed to determine whether gentrification predicts the movement of shooting victims over time and if this process has decreased access to care. Background: Trauma centers remain fixed in space, but the populations they serve do not. Nationally, gentrification has displaced disadvantaged communities most at risk for violent injury, potentially decreasing access to care. This process has not been studied, but an increase of only 1 mile from a trauma center increases shooting mortality up to 22\%. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study utilizing Philadelphia Police Department (PPD) and Pennsylvania trauma systems outcome (PTOS) data 2006-2018. Shootings were mapped and grouped into census tracts. They were then cross-mapped with gentrification data and hospital location. PPD and PTOS shooting data were compared to ensure patients requiring trauma care were captured. Census tracts with >= 500 residents with income and median home values in the bottom 40th percentile of the metropolitan area were eligible to gentrify. Tracts were gentrified if residents >= 25 with a bachelor's degree increased and home price increased to the top third in the metropolitan area. Change in distribution of shootings and its relation to gentrification was our primary outcome while proximity of shootings to a trauma center was our secondary outcome. Results: Thirty-two percent (123/379) of eligible tracts gentrified and 31,165 shootings were captured in the PPD database. 9090 (29.2\%) patients meeting trauma criteria were captured in PTOS with an increasing proportion over time. The proportion of shootings within gentrifying tracts significantly dropped 2006-2018 (40\%-35\%, P < 0.001) and increased in non-gentrifying tracts (52\%-57\%, P < 0.001). In evaluation of shooting densities, a predictable redistribution occurred 2006-2018 with incident density decreasing in gentrified areas and increasing in non-gentrified areas. Shootings within 1 mile of a trauma center increased overall, but proportional access decreased in gentrified areas. Conclusions: Shootings in Philadelphia predictably moved out of gentrified areas and concentrated in non-gentrified ones. In this case study of a national crisis, the pattern of change paradoxically resulted in an increased clustering of shootings around trauma centers in non-gentrified areas. Repetition of this work in other cities can guide future resource allocation and be used to improve access to trauma care.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Scantling, D (Corresponding Author), Univ Penn, Dept Surg, Div Traumatol Surg Crit Care \& Emergency Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Scantling, Dane; Hatchimonji, Justin; Kaufman, Elinore; Holena, Daniel, Univ Penn, Dept Surg, Div Traumatol Surg Crit Care \& Emergency Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Orji, Whitney, Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.}, DOI = {10.1097/SLA.0000000000004771}, ISSN = {0003-4932}, EISSN = {1528-1140}, Keywords = {access to care; firearm violence; gentrification; trauma centers}, Keywords-Plus = {EMERGENCY MEDICAL-SERVICES; SELF-RATED HEALTH; RESIDENTIAL-MOBILITY; INJURED PATIENTS; TRANSPORT TIMES; UNITED-STATES; NEIGHBORHOOD; ASSOCIATION; MORTALITY; OUTCOMES}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Surgery}, Author-Email = {Dane.Scantling@PennMedicine.UPenn.edu}, ORCID-Numbers = {Scantling, Dane/0000-0002-0744-9930}, Number-of-Cited-References = {45}, Times-Cited = {4}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {6}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000670889700022}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000882261500001, Author = {Neuner, Joan M. and Fergestrom, Nicole and Pezzin, Liliana E. and Laud, Purushottam W. and Ruddy, Kathryn J. and Winn, Aaron N.}, Title = {Medication delivery factors and adjuvant endocrine therapy adherence in breast cancer}, Journal = {BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT}, Year = {2023}, Volume = {197}, Number = {1}, Pages = {223-233}, Month = {JAN}, Abstract = {Purpose Over 50\% of breast cancer patients prescribed a 5-year course of daily oral adjuvant endocrine therapy (ET) are nonadherent. We investigated the role of costs and cancer medication delivery mode and other medication delivery factors on adherence. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of commercially insured and Medicare advantage patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer in 2007-2015 who initiated ET. We examined the association between 12-month ET adherence (proportion of days covered by fills >= 0.80) and ET copayments, 90-day prescription refill use, mail order pharmacy use, number of pharmacies, and synchronization of medications. We used regression models to estimate nonadherence risk ratios adjusted for demographics (age, income, race, urbanicity), comorbidities, total medications, primary cancer treatments, and generic AI availability. Sensitivity analyses were conducted using alternative specifications for independent variables. Results Mail order users had higher adherence in both commercial and Medicare-insured cohorts. Commercially insured patients who used mail order were more likely to be adherent if they had low copayments (< \$5) and 90-day prescription refills. For commercially insured patients who used local pharmacies, use of one pharmacy and better synchronized refills were also associated with adherence. Among Medicare patients who used mail order pharmacies, only low copayments were associated with adherence, while among Medicare patients using local pharmacies both low copayments and 90-day prescriptions were associated with ET adherence. Conclusion Out-of-pocket costs, medication delivery mode, and other pharmacy-related medication delivery factors are associated with adherence to breast cancer ET. Future work should investigate whether interventions aimed at streamlining medication delivery could improve adherence for breast cancer patients.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Neuner, JM (Corresponding Author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Div Gen Internal Med, Milwaukee, WI USA. Neuner, Joan M., Med Coll Wisconsin, Div Gen Internal Med, Milwaukee, WI USA. Neuner, Joan M.; Fergestrom, Nicole; Laud, Purushottam W., Med Coll Wisconsin, Ctr Adv Populat Sci, Milwaukee, WI USA. Pezzin, Liliana E., Med Coll Wisconsin, Inst Hlth \& Equity, Milwaukee, WI USA. Laud, Purushottam W., Med Coll Wisconsin, Div Biostatist, Milwaukee, WI USA. Ruddy, Kathryn J., Mayo Clin Rochester, Div Med Oncol, Rochester, MN USA. Winn, Aaron N., Med Coll Wisconsin, Sch Pharm, Milwaukee, WI USA.}, DOI = {10.1007/s10549-022-06704-2}, EarlyAccessDate = {NOV 2022}, ISSN = {0167-6806}, EISSN = {1573-7217}, Keywords = {Breast cancer; Medication adherence; Cost-related nonadherence}, Keywords-Plus = {HORMONAL-THERAPY; WOMEN; SYMPTOMS; SUPPORT; DISCONTINUATION; NONADHERENCE; TAMOXIFEN; SURVIVORS; CARE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Oncology}, Author-Email = {jneuner@mcw.edu}, ORCID-Numbers = {Neuner, Joan/0000-0003-0031-5988}, Number-of-Cited-References = {42}, Times-Cited = {3}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {1}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000882261500001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000275773800004, Author = {Wessels, Buks}, Title = {Dollarisation as Economic Solution for the Zimbabwean Demise}, Journal = {TYDSKRIF VIR GEESTESWETENSKAPPE}, Year = {2010}, Volume = {50}, Number = {1}, Pages = {50-65}, Month = {MAR 10}, Abstract = {Dollarisation as Economic Solution for the Zimbabwean Demise The Zimbabwean economic and political malaise has been going on for longer than a decade and has deteriorated unabated Runaway hyperinflation reaching unthinkable proportions, an almost hundred percent unemployment rate and a shattered currency with literally no external value or esteem characterise this demise. Fiscal profligacy funded by an ever increasing fiscal deficit has played its part in this socio-economic tragedy. This state of affairs would not have been possible if the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe had fulfilled its role as protector of the nation currency. Sadly the Bank slavishly accommodated the government request for printing more money and did not render any sign of independence from government as a respected central bank should have done. As in many other cases of hyperinflation, this weakness provided the basis from which the evolving tragedy gained momentum. The gigantic proportions of the continuous socio-economic and political tragedy predict an even bleaker future for the country if not attended to in a decisive way. No instant political or economic solution exists for this appalling situation, but economic restoration has to start with certain basic steps of economic reform. This paper suggests official dollarisation as an alternative exchange rate regime with which to clear up the economic disorder that currently characterises the economic scene. The paper explains the term ``dollarisation{''}, its features and the underlying rationale of the regime as a super-fixed exchange rate system for Zimbabwe. Thereafter the possible advantages and disadvantages that Zimbabwe can obtain from the system are highlighted, accompanied by a brief discussion on randisation as a possible alternative solution. Especially important among the advantages is the fact that dollarisation will help to restore the lost credibility of the Zimbabwean policy-makers since it will now be imported externally from an anchor country and its currency. This will not only substantially decrease the inflation and interest rates, but it will also contribute to promoting saving, investment, economic growth and employment. It will, furthermore, stabilise the dysfunctional Zimbabwean credit system, enhance long term lending contracts and correct the misallocation of resources caused by, hyperinflation. These benefits must be balanced by certain costs of dollarisation, especially the loss of seigniorage income, the loss of monetary autonomy and national pride, as well as the loss of the lender-of-last-resort-function of the central bank. However, in the case of Zimbabwe these costs are found to be thoroughly overshadowed by the benefits derived from dollarisation. In addition, the Zimbabwean situation and the current stance of its economy actually fit the prerequisites for a country that should seriously contemplate dollarisation. Although dollarisation is supported as a possible solution for Zimbabwe, randisation may also work but will have to be considered with care. South Africa is indeed the biggest trading partner of Zimbabwe and also has deep financial ties with the latter Nevertheless, the volatility in the exchange rate of the rand and the possibility of loan default on South African loans to Zimbabwe are risks in need of contemplation. Another but less credible policy alternative for Zimbabwe, is to adopt a currency board arrangement where the exchange rate of the Zimdollar is not only firmly fixed to the South African rand, but also fully (100 per cent) covered by rand reserves cis a back-up measure of credibility. Yet, under the current circumstances dollarisation presents itself as a more likely system with which to obtain rapid and trustworthy results. Although dollarisation on its own will certainly help, it will not pose a ``quick-fix{''} for the Zimbabwean demise. Dollarisation can not compensate for corruption, disruptions in the social structure and a lack of transparency in the political and economic system. Furthermore, it can not compensate for a lack of human prudence in decision-making, a lack of protection of property rights and the absence of a rule of law. The latter aspects require fundamental and credible reforms on the political and juridical front, without which no economic rescue package will have any success whatsoever}, Type = {Article}, Language = {Afrikaans}, Affiliation = {Wessels, B (Corresponding Author), Univ Oranje Vrystaat, Dept Ekon, Bloemfontein, South Africa. Univ Oranje Vrystaat, Dept Ekon, Bloemfontein, South Africa.}, ISSN = {0041-4751}, Keywords = {Zimbabwe; economic reconstruction; dollarisation; hyperinflation; central banking; monetary policy}, Keywords-Plus = {DOLLARIZATION}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Social Issues}, Author-Email = {wesselgm@ufs.ac.za}, Number-of-Cited-References = {41}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {17}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000275773800004}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000314315200029, Author = {Turley, Ruth and Saith, Ruhi and Bhan, Nandita and Rehfuess, Eva and Carter, Ben}, Title = {Slum upgrading strategies involving physical environment and infrastructure interventions and their effects on health and socio-economic outcomes (Review)}, Journal = {COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS}, Year = {2013}, Number = {1}, Abstract = {Background Slums are densely populated, neglected parts of cities where housing and living conditions are exceptionally poor. In situ slum upgrading, at its basic level, involves improving the physical environment of the existing area, such as improving and installing basic infrastructure like water, sanitation, solid waste collection, electricity, storm water drainage, access roads and footpaths, and street lighting, as well as home improvements and securing land tenure. Objectives To explore the effects of slum upgrading strategies involving physical environment and infrastructure interventions on the health, quality of life and socio-economic wellbeing of urban slum dwellers in low and middle income countries (LMIC). Where reported, data were collected on the perspectives of slum dwellers regarding their needs, preferences for and satisfaction with interventions received. Search methods We searched for published and unpublished studies in 28 bibliographic databases including multidisciplinary (for example Scopus) and specialist databases covering health, social science, urban planning, environment and LMIC topics. Snowballing techniques included searching websites, journal handsearching, contacting authors and reference list checking. Searches were not restricted by language or publication date. Selection criteria We included studies examining the impact of slum upgrading strategies involving physical environment or infrastructure improvements (with or without additional co-interventions) on the health, quality of life and socio-economic wellbeing of LMIC urban slum dwellers. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before and after studies (CBAs) and interrupted time series (ITS) were eligible for the main analysis. Controlled studies with only post-intervention data (CPI) and uncontrolled before and after (UBA) studies were included in a separate narrative to examine consistency of results and to supplement evidence gaps in the main analysis. Data collection and analysis Two authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias for each study. Differences between the included study interventions and outcomes precluded meta-analysis so the results were presented in a narrative summary with illustrative harvest plots. The body of evidence for outcomes within the main analysis was assessed according to GRADE as very low, low, moderate or high quality. Main results We identified 10,488 unique records, with 323 screened as full text. Five studies were included for the main analysis: one RCT with a low risk, two CBAs with a moderate risk and two CBAs with a high risk of bias. Three CBAs evaluated multicomponent slum upgrading strategies. Road paving only was evaluated in one RCT and water supply in one CBA. A total of 3453 households or observations were included within the four studies reporting sample sizes. Most health outcomes in the main studies related to communicable diseases, for which the body of evidence was judged to be low quality. One CBA with a moderate risk of bias found that diarrhoeal incidence was reduced in households which received water connections from a private water company (risk ratio (RR) 0.53; 95\% confidence interval (CI) 0.27 to 1.04) and the severity of diarrhoeal episodes (RR 0.48; 95\% CI 0.19 to 1.22). There was no effect for duration of diarrhoea. Road paving did not result in changes in parasitic infections or sickness in one RCT. After multicomponent slum upgrading, claims for a waterborne disease as opposed to a non-waterborne disease reduced (RR 0.64; 95\% CI 0.27 to 0.98) in one CBA with a high risk of bias but there was no change in sanitation-related mortality in a CBA with a moderate risk of bias. The majority of socio-economic outcomes reported within the main studies related to financial poverty, for which the body of evidence was of very low quality. Results were mixed amongst the main studies; one RCT and two CBAs reported no effect on the income of slum dwellers following slum upgrading. One further CBA found significant reduction in monthly water expenditure (mean difference (MD) -17.11 pesos; 95\% CI -32.6 to -1.62). One RCT also showed mixed results for employment variables, finding no effect on unemployment levels but increased weekly worked hours (MD 4.68; 95\% CI -0.46 to 9.82) and lower risk of residents intending to migrate for work (RR 0.78; 95\% CI 0.60 to 1.01). There was no evidence available to assess the impact of slum upgrading on non-communicable diseases or social capital. Maternal and perinatal conditions, infant mortality, nutritional deficiencies, injuries, self-reported quality of life, education and crime were evaluated in one study each. Nine supporting studies were included that measured varying outcomes (6794 households or observations within eight studies reporting sample sizes). One CPI evaluated cement flooring only while three UBAs and five CPIs evaluated multicomponent slum upgrading strategies. All studies but one had a high risk of bias. The studies reinforced main study findings for diarrhoea incidence and water-related expenditure. Findings for parasitic infections and financial poverty were inconsistent with the main studies. In addition, supporting studies reported a number of disparate outcomes that were not evaluated in the main studies. Five supporting studies included some limited information on slum dweller perspectives. They indicated the importance of appropriate siting of facilities, preference for private facilities, delivering synergistic interventions together, and ensuring that infrastructure was fit for purpose and systems were provided for cleaning, maintenance and repair. Authors' conclusions A high risk of bias within the included studies, heterogeneity and evidence gaps prevent firm conclusions on the effect of slum upgrading strategies on health and socio-economic wellbeing. The most common health and socio-economic outcomes reported were communicable diseases and indicators of financial poverty. There was a limited but consistent body of evidence to suggest that slum upgrading may reduce the incidence of diarrhoeal diseases and water-related expenditure. The information available on slum dwellers' perspectives provided some insight to barriers and facilitators for successful implementation and maintenance of interventions. The availability and use of reliable, comparable outcome measures to determine the effect of slum upgrading on health, quality of life and socio-economic wellbeing would make a useful contribution to new research in this important area. Given the complexity in delivering slum upgrading, evaluations should look to incorporate process and qualitative information alongside quantitative effectiveness data to determine which particular interventions work (or don't work) and for whom.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Turley, R (Corresponding Author), Cardiff Univ, Informat Serv, SURE, 1st Floor,Heath Pk, Cardiff CF14 4YS, S Glam, Wales. Turley, Ruth, Cardiff Univ, Informat Serv, SURE, Cardiff CF14 4YS, S Glam, Wales. Saith, Ruhi, Oxford Policy Management, New Delhi, India. Bhan, Nandita, Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Soc Human Dev \& Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Rehfuess, Eva, Univ Munich, Inst Med Informat Biometry \& Epidemiol, Munich, Germany. Carter, Ben, Univ Birmingham, Sch Canc Sci, Canc Res UK Clin Trials Unit, Birmingham, W Midlands, England.}, DOI = {10.1002/14651858.CD010067.pub2}, Article-Number = {CD010067}, ISSN = {1469-493X}, EISSN = {1361-6137}, Keywords-Plus = {IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMS; PROPERTY-RIGHTS; IMPACT; WATER; SANITATION; DIARRHEA; SALVADOR; CHILDREN; HYGIENE; AREAS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Medicine, General \& Internal}, Author-Email = {ruthturley@rocketmail.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Rehfuess, Eva Annette/ABD-8167-2021 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Carter, Ben/0000-0003-0318-8865}, Number-of-Cited-References = {82}, Times-Cited = {95}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {3}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {135}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000314315200029}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000588368900012, Author = {Yee, Win Lei and Than, Kyu Kyu and Mohamed, Yasmin and Htay, Hla and Tin, Htay Htay and Thein, Win and Kyaw, Latt Latt and Yee, Win Win and Aye, Moe Myat and Badman, Steven G. and Vallely, Andrew J. and Luchters, Stanley and Kelly-Hanku, Angela and AAMI Study Grp}, Title = {Caregiver experience and perceived acceptability of a novel near point-of-care early infant HIV diagnostic test among caregivers enrolled in the PMTCT program, Myanmar: A qualitative study}, Journal = {PLOS ONE}, Year = {2020}, Volume = {15}, Number = {10}, Month = {OCT 30}, Abstract = {Background The majority of HIV infection among children occurs through mother-to-child transmission. HIV exposed infants are recommended to have virological testing at birth or 4-6 weeks of age but challenges with centralized laboratory-based testing in Myanmar result in low testing rates and delays in result communication and treatment initiation. Decentralized point-of-care (POC) testing when integrated in prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) services, can be an alternative to increase coverage of early infant diagnosis (EID) and timely engagement in HIV treatment and care. Aim This paper aims to explore experiences of caregivers of HIV-exposed infants enrolled in the PMTCT program in Myanmar and the perceived acceptability of point-of-care EID testing compared to conventional centralised laboratory-based testing. Methods This is a sub-study of the cluster randomised controlled stepped-wedge trial (Trial registration number: ACTRN12616000734460) that assessed the impact of near POC EID testing using Xpert HIV-1 Qual assay in four public hospitals in Myanmar. Caregivers of infants who were enrolled in the intervention phase of the main study, had been tested with both Xpert and standard of care tests and had received the results were eligible for this qualitative study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 caregivers. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and translated into English. Thematic data analysis was undertaken using NVivo 12 Software (QSR International). Results The majority of caregivers were satisfied with the quality of care provided by PMTCT services. However, they encountered social and financial access barriers to attend the PMTCT clinic regularly. Mothers had concerns about community stigma from the disclosure of their HIV status and the potential consequences for their infants. While medical care at the PMTCT clinics was free, caregivers sometimes experienced financial difficulties associated with out-of-pocket expenses for childbirth and transportation. Some caregivers had to choose not to attend work (impacting their income) or the adult antiretroviral clinic in order to attend the paediatric PMTCT clinic appointment. The acceptability of the Xpert testing process was high among the caregiver participants and more than half received the Xpert result on the same day as testing. Short turnaround time of the near POC EID testing enabled the caregivers to find out their infants' HIV status quicker, thereby shortening the stressful waiting time for results. Conclusion Our study identified important access challenges facing caregivers of HIV exposed infants and high acceptability of near POC EID testing. Improving the retention rate in the PMTCT and EID programs necessitates careful attention of program managers and policy makers to these challenges, and POC EID represents a potential solution.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Luchters, S (Corresponding Author), Burnet Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. Luchters, S (Corresponding Author), Monash Univ, Sch Publ Hlth \& Prevent Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. Luchters, S (Corresponding Author), Aga Khan Univ, Dept Populat Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. Luchters, S (Corresponding Author), Univ Ghent, Int Ctr Reprod Hlth ICRH, Dept Publ Hlth \& Primary Care, Ghent, Belgium. Yee, Win Lei; Than, Kyu Kyu; Htay, Hla, Burnet Inst, Yangon, Myanmar. Mohamed, Yasmin; Luchters, Stanley, Burnet Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. Mohamed, Yasmin; Luchters, Stanley, Monash Univ, Sch Publ Hlth \& Prevent Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. Tin, Htay Htay; Thein, Win; Kyaw, Latt Latt; Yee, Win Win; Aye, Moe Myat, Minist Hlth \& Sports, Natl Hlth Lab, Yangon, Myanmar. Badman, Steven G.; Vallely, Andrew J.; Kelly-Hanku, Angela, UNSW Sydney, Kirby Inst Infect \& Immun Soc, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Vallely, Andrew J.; Kelly-Hanku, Angela, Papua New Guinea Inst Med Res, Sexual \& Reprod Hlth Unit, Goroka, Papua N Guinea. Luchters, Stanley, Aga Khan Univ, Dept Populat Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. Luchters, Stanley, Univ Ghent, Int Ctr Reprod Hlth ICRH, Dept Publ Hlth \& Primary Care, Ghent, Belgium.}, DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0241245}, Article-Number = {e0241245}, ISSN = {1932-6203}, Keywords-Plus = {CONCEPTUAL-FRAMEWORK; PREVENTION; STIGMA; DISCRIMINATION; TRANSMISSION}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Multidisciplinary Sciences}, Author-Email = {stanley.luchters@aku.edu}, ORCID-Numbers = {Vallely, Andrew/0000-0003-1558-4822 Htay, Hla/0000-0003-1274-961X Anderson, David/0000-0002-9969-3905 Luchters, Stanley/0000-0001-5235-5629 Kelly-Hanku, Angela/0000-0003-0152-2954 Yee, Win Lei/0000-0002-6387-9396}, Number-of-Cited-References = {35}, Times-Cited = {2}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {3}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000588368900012}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000916743300001, Author = {Chumo, Ivy and Kabaria, Caroline and Oduor, Clement and Amondi, Christine and Njeri, Ann and Mberu, Blessing}, Title = {Community advisory committee as a facilitator of health and wellbeing: A qualitative study in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya}, Journal = {FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH}, Year = {2023}, Volume = {10}, Month = {JAN 9}, Abstract = {IntroductionA range of community engagement initiatives to advance health and wellbeing are currently taking place in informal settlements in low and middle income countries (LMICs), including community and stakeholder meetings, use of radio, film, TV programs and other information, education and communication materials (IECs) organized by different stakeholders. While these initiatives tend to focus on unidirectional flow of information to communities, the need to incorporate initiatives focusing on bi or multi-directional flow of information have been identified. Despite the extensive body of literature on community engagement, the role of Community Advisory Committees (CACs) in advancing health and wellbeing in informal settlements is still a puzzle, occasioned by considerable ambiguity. A community advisory committee is a dedicated group of volunteers to support health and wellbeing needs of their community using a community approach. Researchers and project implementers work in partnership with CACs to successfully implement their activities within the target community. MethodsIn this paper, using in-depth interviews, we document the roles of CACs in advancing health and wellbeing in Korogocho and Viwandani informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. ResultsStudy participants described the role of CAC in advancing health and wellbeing through education and awareness creation, advisory roles in research and implementation goals, protecting community interests and acting as gatekeepers and collaborators to community partners. Identified barriers to achieving CAC roles include lack of finance and other field resources, being labeled as organization staff and low involvement by some upcoming and emerging local leaders on issues which involve the CAC constituents. Enablers of CACs in their roles include possession of appropriate skills and values by members; involvement of the community in the selection of members, regular consultative and advisory meetings, representativeness in the composition of CAC membership and knowledge about the community. ConclusionWe conclude that CACs play key roles in advancing health and wellbeing in informal settlements and that existing CACs mechanisms and operations need to be given due consideration by researchers, project implementers and local authorities right from project conceptualization. CACs need recognition beyond consultations and placations during research and project implementation to a veritable social structure for community's social viability and survival as well as partners in development for inclusive urbanization process. While CACs have contributed in advancing health and wellbeing in informal settlements, there is need for a long-term strategy to optimize their impact and reduce puzzles around their roles.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Chumo, I (Corresponding Author), African Populat \& Hlth Res Ctr APHRC, Nairobi, Kenya. Chumo, Ivy; Kabaria, Caroline; Oduor, Clement; Amondi, Christine; Njeri, Ann; Mberu, Blessing, African Populat \& Hlth Res Ctr APHRC, Nairobi, Kenya.}, DOI = {10.3389/fpubh.2022.1047133}, Article-Number = {1047133}, EISSN = {2296-2565}, Keywords = {community advisory committee; health and wellbeing; community advisory board (CAB); informal settlements; qualitative study; community based participatory research}, Keywords-Plus = {BOARDS; EQUITY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {ivychumo@gmail.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Chumo, Ivy/AAG-3238-2021 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Chumo, Ivy/0000-0003-1235-719X}, Number-of-Cited-References = {38}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000916743300001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000540248500001, Author = {Afulani, Patience A. and Buback, Laura and Kelly, Ann Marie and Kirumbi, Leah and Cohen, Craig R. and Lyndon, Audrey}, Title = {Providers' perceptions of communication and women's autonomy during childbirth: a mixed methods study in Kenya}, Journal = {REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH}, Year = {2020}, Volume = {17}, Number = {1}, Month = {JUN 3}, Abstract = {Background Effective communication and respect for women's autonomy are critical components of person-centered care. Yet, there is limited evidence in low-resource settings on providers' perceptions of the importance and extent of communication and women's autonomy during childbirth. Similarly, few studies have assessed the potential barriers to effective communication and maintenance of women's autonomy during childbirth. We sought to bridge these gaps. Methods Data are from a mixed-methods study in Migori County in Western Kenya with 49 maternity providers (32 clinical and 17 non-clinical). Providers were asked structured questions on various aspects of communication and autonomy followed by open ended questions on why certain practices were performed or not. We conducted descriptive analysis of the quantitative data and thematic analysis of the qualitative data. Results Despite acknowledging the importance of various aspects of communication and women's autonomy, providers reported incidences of poor communication and lack of respect for women's autonomy: 57\% of respondents reported that providers never introduce themselves to women and 38\% reported that women are never able to be in the birthing position of their choice. Also, 33\% of providers reported that they did not always explain why they are doing exams or procedures and 73\% reported that women were not always asked for permission before exams or procedures. The reasons for lack of communication and autonomy fall under three themes with several sub-themes: (1) work environment-perceived lack of time, language barriers, stress and burnout, and facility culture; (2) provider knowledge, intentions, and assumptions-inadequate provider knowledge and skill, forgetfulness and unconscious behaviors, self-protection and comfort, and assumptions about women's knowledge and expectations; and (3) women's ability to demand or command effective communication and respect for their autonomy-women's lack of participation, women's empowerment and provider bias. Conclusions Most providers recognize the importance of various aspects of communication and women's autonomy, but they fail to provide it for various reasons. To improve communication and autonomy, we need to address the different factors that negatively affect providers' interactions with women.}, Type = {Review}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Afulani, PA (Corresponding Author), Univ Calif San Francisco UCSF, Sch Med, 550 16th St,3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. Afulani, PA (Corresponding Author), UCSF Inst Global Hlth Sci, San Francisco, CA USA. Afulani, Patience A.; Cohen, Craig R., Univ Calif San Francisco UCSF, Sch Med, 550 16th St,3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. Afulani, Patience A.; Buback, Laura; Cohen, Craig R., UCSF Inst Global Hlth Sci, San Francisco, CA USA. Kelly, Ann Marie, Thomas Jefferson Univ, Sidney Kimmel Med Coll, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Kirumbi, Leah, Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. Lyndon, Audrey, NYU, Rory Meyers Coll Nursing, New York, NY USA.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12978-020-0909-0}, Article-Number = {85}, EISSN = {1742-4755}, Keywords = {Communication; Autonomy; Person-centered maternity care; Respectful maternity; Quality of care; Person-centered care; Patient-provider interactions}, Keywords-Plus = {KNOW-DO GAP; MATERNITY CARE; LOW-INCOME; QUALITY}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {Patience.Afulani@ucsf.edu}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Lyndon, Audrey/ABD-7493-2021 Lyndon, Audrey/GLS-0866-2022}, ORCID-Numbers = {Lyndon, Audrey/0000-0003-2215-4273}, Number-of-Cited-References = {47}, Times-Cited = {15}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {3}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000540248500001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000282643000025, Author = {Pollini, Robin A. and Gallardo, Manuel and Hasan, Samreen and Minuto, Joshua and Lozada, Remedios and Vera, Alicia and Zuniga, Maria Luisa and Strathdee, Steffanie A.}, Title = {High prevalence of abscesses and self-treatment among injection drug users in Tijuana, Mexico}, Journal = {INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES}, Year = {2010}, Volume = {14}, Number = {3}, Pages = {E117-E122}, Month = {SEP}, Abstract = {Background: Soft tissue infections are common among injection drug users (IDUs), but information on correlates and treatment in this highly marginalized population is lacking. Methods: Six hundred twenty-three community-recruited IDUs in Tijuana, Mexico, completed a detailed interview on abscess history and treatment. Univariate and multiple logistic regressions were used to identify factors independently associated with having an abscess in the prior 6 months. Results: Overall, 46\% had ever had an abscess and 20\% had had an abscess in the past 6 months. Only 12\% had sought medical care for their most recent abscess; 60\% treated the abscess themselves. The most common self-treatment method was to apply heated (24\%) or unheated (23\%) Aloe vera leaf. Other methods included draining the wound with a syringe (19\%) or knife (11\%). Factors independently associated with recent abscess were having income from sex work (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.56, 95\% confidence interval (CI) 2.08-10.00), smoking methamphetamine (aOR 1.65, 95\% CI 1.05-2.62), seeking someone to help with injection (aOR 2.06, 95\% CI 1.18-3.61), and reporting that police affected where they used drugs (aOR 2.14, 95\% CI 1.15-3.96). Conclusions: Abscesses are common among IDUs in this setting, but appropriate treatment is rare. Interventions to reduce barriers to medical care in this population are needed. Research on the effectiveness of Aloe vera application in this setting is also needed, as are interventions to provide IDU sex workers, methamphetamine smokers, and those who assist with injection with the information and equipment necessary to reduce abscess risk. (C) 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Pollini, RA (Corresponding Author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Pollini, Robin A.; Hasan, Samreen; Minuto, Joshua; Vera, Alicia; Zuniga, Maria Luisa; Strathdee, Steffanie A., Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Gallardo, Manuel, PrevenCasa AC, Tijuana, Mexico. Lozada, Remedios, Pro COMUSIDA, Tijuana, Mexico.}, DOI = {10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.2238}, ISSN = {1201-9712}, Keywords = {Abscess; Injection drug use; Soft tissue infection; Treatment seeking}, Keywords-Plus = {RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; ALOE-BARBADENSIS MILLER; SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS; RISK-FACTORS; SAN-FRANCISCO; VIRUS-INFECTION; HARM REDUCTION; COMMUNITY; SKIN; CRACK}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Infectious Diseases}, Author-Email = {rpollini@ucsd.edu}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Strathdee, Steffanie A/B-9042-2009 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Strathdee, Steffanie/0000-0002-7724-691X HARVEY-VERA, ALICIA/0000-0002-8708-8169}, Number-of-Cited-References = {38}, Times-Cited = {32}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {2}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000282643000025}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000880516100001, Author = {Vandana, M. and John, Shiekha E. and Sunny, Syam and Maya, K. and Padmalal, D.}, Title = {Environmental impact assessment of laterite quarrying from Netravati-Gurpur river basin, South West Coast of India}, Journal = {ENVIRONMENT DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY}, Year = {2022}, Month = {2022 NOV 9}, Abstract = {Mining and quarrying provide the basic raw materials for sustaining human well-being and are critical for achieving economic developments. At the same time, environmental degradation and its associated social impacts and inequalities have become a grave reality of mining sector that affects all nations, individually and/or collectively. Assessment of the environmental impacts arising from mining and quarrying is critical to limit the environmental problems within the barest minimum levels. Although many impact assessment studies are available on mining/quarrying of different major and minor minerals, not many studies exist on quarrying for laterite blocks which is being widespread in many of the fast developing tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world like India. Therefore, this paper evaluates the impact of laterite quarrying for construction blocks, in one of the twin river basins in SW India, the Netravati-Gurpur river basin, where the activity is widespread. The Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM) method was used to evaluate the impacts of laterite quarrying as it allows a comprehensive analysis of the results based on the individual environmental score obtained for each component. RIAM is a valuable assessment tool, owing to its capability in quick, collective and reliable evaluation of the impacts that can aid decision making and minimization of environmental impacts, especially at early planning stages. Data pertaining to resource extraction, identification of impacting actions, mapping of mining hotspots, etc., were collected from primary and secondary sources through systematic field work and sample collection, questionnaire surveys within the local community and other stakeholders such as mine operators, labourers, officials of Government departments, etc. A total of 21 laterite quarries are located in the basin with a total production of 5.7 million laterite bricks/year (0.115 x 10(6) ty(-1)). The impact assessment study revealed that the activity not only disturbs the natural environment especially, hydrology, air quality and noise levels, ecology, land use and soil stability but has profound influence on the socio-economic factors of human health and immunity, displacement, etc., of the quarrying-hit areas. The activity also recorded both long-term and short-term positive impacts as a source of employment and income generation. Additionally, the activity favours groundwater replenishment and agriculture productivity of the area where appropriate mine closure measures were taken up. However, the positive impacts of the activity are far outweighed by the fact that most impacts of laterite quarrying are of class - C (moderate negative impact) and - D (significant negative impact) owing to the long-term socio-environmental and bio-ecological implications of the activity. Thus, it is imperative that there is significant improvement in policy and regulatory framework and its implementation for mining and quarrying of building materials which is vital for meeting future development requirements.}, Type = {Article; Early Access}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Vandana, M (Corresponding Author), Natl Ctr Earth Sci Studies, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. Vandana, M.; Sunny, Syam; Maya, K.; Padmalal, D., Natl Ctr Earth Sci Studies, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. John, Shiekha E., Minist Earth Sci, Lodi Rd, New Delhi, India.}, DOI = {10.1007/s10668-022-02741-5}, EarlyAccessDate = {NOV 2022}, ISSN = {1387-585X}, EISSN = {1573-2975}, Keywords = {Laterite quarrying; Land degradation; Netravati-Gurpur river basin; Environmental impact assessment (EIA); Sustainability}, Keywords-Plus = {PROFILE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Green \& Sustainable Science \& Technology; Environmental Sciences}, Author-Email = {vandanaeldo@gmail.com}, Number-of-Cited-References = {62}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {4}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {10}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000880516100001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000472679500001, Author = {Brandt, Lena R. and Hidalgo, Liliana and Diez-Canseco, Francisco and Araya, Ricardo and Mohr, David C. and Menezes, Paulo R. and Jaime Miranda, J.}, Title = {Addressing Depression Comorbid With Diabetes or Hypertension in Resource-Poor Settings: A Qualitative Study About User Perception of a Nurse-Supported Smartphone App in Peru}, Journal = {JMIR MENTAL HEALTH}, Year = {2019}, Volume = {6}, Number = {6}, Month = {JUN 18}, Abstract = {Background: Smartphone apps could constitute a cost-effective strategy to overcome health care system access barriers to mental health services for people in low- and middle-income countries. Objective: The aim of this paper was to explore the patients' perspectives of CONEMO (Emotional Control, in Spanish: Control Emocional), a technology-driven, psychoeducational, and nurse-supported intervention delivered via a smartphone app aimed at reducing depressive symptoms in people with diabetes, hypertension or both who attend public health care centers, as well as the nurses' feedback about their role and its feasibility to be scaled up. Methods: This study combines data from 2 pilot studies performed in Lima, Peru, between 2015 and 2016, to test the feasibility of CONEMO. Interviews were conducted with 29 patients with diabetes, hypertension or both with comorbid depressive symptoms who used CONEMO and 6 staff nurses who accompanied the intervention. Using a content analysis approach, interview notes from patient interviews were transferred to a digital format, coded, and categorized into 6 main domains: the perceived health benefit, usability, adherence, user satisfaction with the app, nurse's support, and suggestions to improve the intervention. Interviews with nurses were analyzed by the same approach and categorized into 4 domains: general feedback, evaluation of training, evaluation of study activities, and feasibility of implementing this intervention within the existing structures of health system. Results: Patients perceived improvement in their emotional health because of CONEMO, whereas some also reported better physical health. Many encountered some difficulties with using CONEMO, but resolved them with time and practice. However, the interactive elements of the app, such as short message service, android notifications, and pop-up messages were mostly perceived as challenging. Satisfaction with CONEMO was high, as was the self-reported adherence. Overall, patients evaluated the nurse accompaniment positively, but they suggested improvements in the technological training and an increase in the amount of contact. Nurses reported some difficulties in completing their tasks and explained that the CONEMO intervention activities competed with their everyday work routine. Conclusions: Using a nurse-supported smartphone app to reduce depressive symptoms among people with chronic diseases is possible and mostly perceived beneficial by the patients, but it requires context-specific adaptations regarding the implementation of a task shifting approach within the public health care system. These results provide valuable information about user feedback for those building mobile health interventions for depression.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Diez-Canseco, F (Corresponding Author), Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, CRONICAS Ctr Excellence Chron Dis, Ave Armendariz 497, Lima, Peru. Brandt, Lena R.; Hidalgo, Liliana; Diez-Canseco, Francisco; Jaime Miranda, J., Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, CRONICAS Ctr Excellence Chron Dis, Ave Armendariz 497, Lima, Peru. Araya, Ricardo, Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat Psychol \& Neurosci, Hlth Serv \& Populat Res, Ctr Global Mental Hlth \& Primary Care Res, London, England. Mohr, David C., Northwestern Univ, Ctr Behav Intervent Technol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Menezes, Paulo R., Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Menezes, Paulo R., Univ Sao Paulo, Populat Mental Hlth Res Ctr, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Jaime Miranda, J., Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Sch Med, Dept Med, Lima, Peru.}, DOI = {10.2196/11701}, Article-Number = {e11701}, ISSN = {2368-7959}, Keywords = {mental health; depression; noncommunicable diseases; mHealth; smartphone; developing countries}, Keywords-Plus = {BEHAVIORAL ACTIVATION TREATMENT; MENTAL-HEALTH; SELF-HELP; DISORDERS; INTERNET; EFFICACY; THERAPY; CARE; INTERVENTIONS; ASSOCIATION}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Psychiatry}, Author-Email = {fdiezcanseco@gmail.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Menezes, Paulo/AAM-3529-2021 Miranda, J. Jaime/A-8482-2008 Araya, Ricardo/S-3144-2019 Menezes, Paulo R/C-9985-2010 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Menezes, Paulo/0000-0001-6330-3314 Miranda, J. Jaime/0000-0002-4738-5468 Araya, Ricardo/0000-0002-0420-5148 Menezes, Paulo R/0000-0001-6330-3314 Hidalgo-Padilla, Liliana/0000-0001-8451-7215 Mohr, David/0000-0002-5443-7596 Diez-Canseco, Francisco/0000-0002-7611-8190 Brandt, Lena R/0000-0001-7800-8473}, Number-of-Cited-References = {90}, Times-Cited = {15}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {14}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000472679500001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000433913500002, Author = {Singh, Naveen P. and Anand, Bhawna and Khan, Mohd Arshad}, Title = {Micro-level perception to climate change and adaptation issues: A prelude to mainstreaming climate adaptation into developmental landscape in India}, Journal = {NATURAL HAZARDS}, Year = {2018}, Volume = {92}, Number = {3}, Pages = {1287-1304}, Month = {JUL}, Abstract = {Climate change adds another dimension of challenges to the growth and sustainability of Indian agriculture. The growing exposure to livelihood shocks from climate variability/change and limited resource base of the rural community to adapt has reinforced the need to mainstream climate adaptation planning into developmental landscape. However, a better understanding of micro-level perceptions is imperative for effective and informed planning at the macro-level. In this paper, the grass-root level perspectives on climate change impacts and adaptation decisions were elicited at farm level in the Moga district of Punjab and Mahbubnagar district of Telangana, India. The farmers opined that the climatic variability impacts more than the long-term climate change. They observed change in the quantum, onset and distribution of rainfall, rise in minimum as well as maximum temperature levels, decline in crop yield and ground water depletion. The key socio-economic effects of climate change included decline in farm income, farm unemployment, rural migration and increased indebtedness among farmers. In order to cope with climate variability and change thereon, farmers resorted to adaptation strategies such as use of crop varieties of suitable duration, water conservation techniques, crop insurance and participation in non-farm activities and employment guarantee schemes. Farmers' adaptation to changing climate was constrained by several technological, socio-economic and institutional barriers. These include limited knowledge on the costs-benefits of adaptation, lack of access to and knowledge of adaptation technologies, lack of financial resources and limited information on weather. Besides, lack of access to input markets, inadequate farm labour and smaller farm size were the other constraints. Further, on the basis of the grass-root elicitation a `Need-Based Adaptation' planning incorporating farmers' perceptions on climate change impacts, constraints in the adoption of adaptation strategies and plausible adaptation options were linked with the most suitable ongoing programmatic interventions of the Government of India. The study concluded that micro-level needs and constraints for various adaptation strategies and interventions should be an integral part of the programme development, implementation and evaluation in the entire developmental paradigm.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Singh, NP (Corresponding Author), Natl Inst Agr Econ \& Policy Res, ICAR, New Delhi 110012, India. Singh, Naveen P.; Anand, Bhawna; Khan, Mohd Arshad, Natl Inst Agr Econ \& Policy Res, ICAR, New Delhi 110012, India.}, DOI = {10.1007/s11069-018-3250-y}, ISSN = {0921-030X}, EISSN = {1573-0840}, Keywords = {Climate change; Agriculture; Adaptation; Micro-level perception; Mainstreaming}, Keywords-Plus = {AGRICULTURE; VULNERABILITY; VARIABILITY; SENSITIVITY; MITIGATION; STRATEGIES; FARMERS; IMPACTS; DROUGHT; TRENDS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology \& Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources}, Author-Email = {naveenpsingh@gmail.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {NIAP, LIBRARY ICAR/ABB-6258-2020 Khan, Mohd Arshad/AAO-5674-2021 }, ORCID-Numbers = {Khan, Mohd Arshad/0000-0002-7952-4565 , Bhawna/0000-0001-9615-1433}, Number-of-Cited-References = {39}, Times-Cited = {30}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {5}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {56}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000433913500002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @inproceedings{ WOS:000326239303071, Author = {Mayoral, P. and Flores, E. and Gonzalez, J. and Sebire, R.}, Editor = {Chova, LG and Torres, IC and Martinez, AL}, Title = {BABIES USING IPAD APPS IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE-LEARNING ENVIRONMENT}, Booktitle = {EDULEARN12: 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EDUCATION AND NEW LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES}, Series = {EDULEARN Proceedings}, Year = {2012}, Pages = {3450-3459}, Note = {4th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies (EDULEARN), Barcelona, SPAIN, JUL 02-04, 2012}, Abstract = {The term App is a short way to name the ``application{''} in singular and plural. The following paper based upon a teachers log, summarizes some of the most important experiences a group of teachers faced previous, during and while using iPad applications to stimulate kids, from 45 days to 4 years old. Based on a timeline we introduce both the enthusiastic experience and the scientific perspective, only with the objectivity and the theoretical frame to support the paper, but in a storytelling way, to take the readers with us in a journey that helps them visualize the experience, closer to the feelings but not so far from the objectivity of the science. From Apps designed to provide infants with essential stimulation during early stages of development to Apps that help teachers to facilitate the reading and writing process at the time they enjoy and explore the technology in a friendly and natural way. As a result of our research project, we found that some apps are based on decades of research and beautifully designed, they were planned to provide as much stimulation as possible, some of them use bold, high-contrast symbols, shapes, patterns, and captivating sounds, proven to be preferred by infants. We decided to use apps as teaching aids and we chose those with a higher level of stimulation in the areas of cognitive and motor development, but with impressive potential to provide with significant visual tracking, scanning, and object permanence, the aim was considered in two main ways, using English as a communication channel and technology that speeds myelination of brain cells. On the other hand, the term `early intervention' designates educational and neuro-protection strategies aimed at enhancing brain development. Using technology as one of these strategies increases both the teaching experience for the teachers in charge of the early stimulation, as well as the learning experience for babies. Early educational strategies seek to take advantage of cerebral plasticity, according to the experts, from the born day to the age of seven, represent the most adequate and important period to generate as much neuro-connections as possible. In our experience we have observed that kids respond naturally and friendly to the chosen apps as teaching aids to present vocabulary, to practice hand writing, to read stories and to have fun at the time they practice math, sciences and other skills. Early stimulation programs were first devised in the United States for vulnerable children in low-income families; positive effects were recorded regarding school failure rates and social problems. In the language learning area, we decided to put in practice a stimulation program in the University of Colima's Baby Day Care Department BDCD (Estancias Infantiles in Spanish). The institution attends the kids of every woman that works for the University. It is organized in rooms that keep the kids in periods of 6 months, the first three years and twelve months for the last year they spend at the BDCD. The class took place two days a week for each room in sessions of 30 minutes a day. The results so far shows positive results, from the day we began to now we had a great amount of significant experiences we would like to share in a full paper, as well as in the presentation.}, Type = {Proceedings Paper}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Mayoral, P.; Flores, E.; Gonzalez, J.; Sebire, R., Univ Colima, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.}, ISSN = {2340-1117}, ISBN = {978-84-695-3491-5}, Keywords = {Early stimulation; foreign languages; iPad applications}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Education \& Educational Research}, Author-Email = {pett30@gmail.com florese@ucol.mx jmgfreire@ucol.mx raphael\_elie@hotmail.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {González Freire, José Manuel/H-7477-2017 sebire, raphael/GLV-1466-2022 Valdivia, Pedro José Mayoral/B-5194-2018}, ORCID-Numbers = {González Freire, José Manuel/0000-0003-0823-9676 sebire, raphael/0000-0003-2803-7203 Valdivia, Pedro José Mayoral/0000-0001-7145-354X}, Number-of-Cited-References = {6}, Times-Cited = {1}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {11}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000326239303071}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000368765600004, Author = {Friedman, Steven Marc and Adamson, Matthew and Cleiman, Paula and Arenovich, Tamara and Oleksak, Karolina and Mohabir, Ishmael Michael and Ta, Robert and Reiter, Kimberley}, Title = {Helmet-Wearing Practices and Barriers in Toronto Bike-Share Users: a Case-Control Study}, Journal = {CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE}, Year = {2016}, Volume = {18}, Number = {1}, Pages = {28-36}, Month = {JAN}, Abstract = {Background Helmet use among bike-share users is low. We sought to characterize helmet-use patterns, barriers to helmet use, and cycling safety practices among bike-share users in Toronto. Methods A standardized survey of public bike-share program (PBSP) users at semi-random distribution of PBSP stations was undertaken. By maintaining a ratio of one helmet-wearer (HW): two non-helmet-wearers (NHW) per survey period, we controlled for location, day, time, and weather. Results Surveys were completed on 545 (180 HW, 365 NHW) unique users at 48/80 PBSP locations, from November 2012 to August 2013. More females wore helmets (F: 41.1\%, M: 30.9\%, p=0.0423). NHWs were slightly younger than HWs (NHW mean age 34.4 years vs HW 37.3, p=0.0018). The groups did not differ by employment status, education, or income. Helmet ownership was lower among NHWs (NHW: 62.4\% vs HW: 99.4\%, p<0.0001), as was personal bike ownership (NHW: 65.8\%, vs HW: 78.3\%, p=0.0026). NHWs were less likely to always wear a helmet on personal bikes (NHW: 22.2\% vs HW: 66.7\%, p<0.0001), and less likely to wear a helmet always or most of the time on PBSP (NHW: 5.8\% vs HW: 92.3\%, p<0.0001). Both groups, but more HWs, had planned to use PBSP when leaving their houses (HW: 97.2\% vs NHW: 85.2\%, p<0.0001), primarily to get to work (HW: 88.3\% vs NHW: 84.1\%, p=0.19). NHWs were more likely to report that they would wear a helmet more (NHW: 61.4\% vs HW: 13.9\%, p<0.0001), and/or cycle less (NHW: 22.5\% vs HW: 4.4\%) if helmet use was mandatory. Conclusions PBSP users surveyed appear to make deliberate decisions regarding helmet use. NHWs tended to be male, slightly younger, and less likely to use helmets on their personal bikes. As Toronto cyclists who do not wear helmets on PBSP generally do not wear helmets on their personal bikes, interventions to increase helmet use should target both personal and bike-share users. Legislating helmet use and provision of rental helmets could improve helmet use among bike-share users, but our results suggest some risk of reduced cycling with legislation. Resume Contexte Peu d'usagers des services de partage de velos portent le casque. Aussi les auteurs ont-ils cherche a caracteriser les habitudes du port du casque, les obstacles a son utilisation et les pratiques en matiere de securite parmi les usagers du service de partage de velos a Toronto. Methode Une enquete normalisee a ete menee parmi les usagers du programme public de partage de velos (PPPV), a differentes stations, choisies selon une repartition semi-aleatoire. Les auteurs, en maintenant constant le rapport de un porteur de casque (PC)/deux non-porteurs de casques (NPC) par periode d'enquete, ont neutralise les variables relatives au lieu, au jour, a l'heure et au temps (conditions meteorologiques). Resultats L'enquete a porte sur 545 (180 PC; 365 NPC) usagers differents, a 48/80 stations, de novembre 2012 a aout 2013. Les femmes (F) etaient plus nombreuses que les hommes (H) a porter le casque (F: 41,1 \%; H: 30,9 \%; p=0,0423). Les NPC etaient un peu plus jeunes que les PC (NPC: 34,4 ans en moyenne contre {[}c.] PC: 37,3 ans en moyenne; p=0,0018). Par contre, il n'y avait pas de difference entre les groupes quant a la situation de l'emploi, aux etudes ou au revenu. Le fait de posseder son propre casque etait plus faible parmi les NPC (NPC: 62,4 \% c. PC: 99,4 \%; p<0,0001) que parmi les PC, tout comme le fait de posseder sa propre bicyclette (NPC: 65,8 \% c. PC: 78,3 \%; p=0,0026). Les NPC avaient moins tendance a toujours porter un casque sur leur bicyclette personnelle (NPC: 22,2 \% c. PC: 66,7 \%; p<0,0001) et a toujours ou presque toujours porter un casque sur les bicyclettes du PPPV (NPC: 5,8 \% c. PC: 92,3 \%; p<0,0001). Dans les deux groupes, mais davantage dans celui des PC, les cyclistes avaient prevu recourir au PPPV au depart de la maison (PC: 97,2 \% c. NPC: 85,2 \%; p<0,0001), surtout pour se rendre au travail (PC: 88,3 \% c. NPC: 84,1 \%; p=0,19). Les NPC etaient plus nombreux que les PC a indiquer qu'ils porteraient le casque plus souvent (NPC: 61,4 \% c. PC: 13,9 \%, p<0,0001) et/ou qu'ils feraient moins de bicyclette (NPC: 22,5 \% c. PC: 4,4 \%) si le port du casque devenait obligatoire. Conclusions Les usagers du PPPV ayant participe a l'enquete semblent avoir fait un choix delibere quant au port du casque. Les NPC etaient en general des hommes, un peu plus jeunes que les PC et les premiers avaient moins tendance que les seconds a porter un casque sur leur bicyclette personnelle. Comme les cyclistes qui ne portent pas de casque sur les bicyclettes du PPPV n'en portent generalement pas sur leur bicyclette personnelle a Toronto, les interventions visant a accroitre le port du casque devraient viser autant les proprietaires de bicyclette personnelle que les usagers du service de partage de velos. Toutefois, le fait d'imposer le port du casque et la fourniture de casques de location par voie legislative pourrait certes ameliorer le port du casque parmi les usagers du service de partage de velos, mais, d'apres les resultats de l'enquete, cela pourrait aussi avoir pour consequence de diminuer l'usage de la bicyclette.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Friedman, SM (Corresponding Author), Univ Hlth Network, Dept Emergency Med, RFE G S434,200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada. Friedman, Steven Marc; Cleiman, Paula, Univ Hlth Network, Dept Emergency Med, RFE G S434,200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada. Friedman, Steven Marc; Adamson, Matthew; Arenovich, Tamara, Univ Toronto, Fac Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. Oleksak, Karolina; Mohabir, Ishmael Michael, Univ Toronto, Fac Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. Ta, Robert, Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Med, Dublin, Ireland. Reiter, Kimberley, Univ Ottawa, Fac Med, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.}, DOI = {10.1017/cem.2015.22}, ISSN = {1481-8035}, EISSN = {1481-8043}, Keywords = {bicycle helmets; bicycling Injuries; bike lanes; bike share}, Keywords-Plus = {BICYCLE SAFETY; LEGISLATION; PREVALENCE; VICTORIA; MONTREAL}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Emergency Medicine}, Author-Email = {steven.friedman@uhn.ca}, ORCID-Numbers = {Ta, Robert/0000-0002-2204-1810}, Number-of-Cited-References = {42}, Times-Cited = {12}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {28}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000368765600004}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000717282900002, Author = {Guglielmo, Dana and Theis, Kristina A. and Murphy, Louise B. and Boring, Michael A. and Helmick, Charles G. and Omura, John D. and Odom, Erica L. and Duca, Lindsey M. and Croft, Janet B.}, Title = {Physical Activity Types and Programs Recommended by Primary Care Providers Treating Adults With Arthritis, DocStyles 2018}, Journal = {PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE}, Year = {2021}, Volume = {18}, Month = {OCT}, Abstract = {Primary care providers (PCPs) can offer counseling to adults with arthritis on physical activity, which can reduce pain and improve physical function, mental health, and numerous other health outcomes. We analyzed cross-sectional 2018 DocStyles data for 1,366 PCPs who reported they always or sometimes recommend physical activity to adults with arthritis. Most PCPs sampled (88.2\%) recommended walking, swimming, or cycling; 65.5\% did not recommend any evidence-based, arthritis-appropriate physical activity programs recognized by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Opportunities exist for public health awareness campaigns to educate PCPs about evidence-based physical activity programs proven to optimize health for adults with arthritis when more than counseling is needed. Objective Physical activity is recommended for adults with all types of arthritis because it can reduce pain and improve physical functioning, mood, and quality of life (1,2). Professional organizations encourage health care professionals to counsel adults with arthritis on physical activity and recommend supervised programs when needed (3,4). Primary care providers (PCPs) frequently treat arthritis (5) and are instrumental in promoting physical activity. Although we previously found that 98.4\% of PCPs always or sometimes recommend physical activity to adults with arthritis (6), the content of physical activity counseling may affect its effectiveness (3). Addressing patient concerns (eg, arthritis-specific physical activity barriers such as pain) warrants specific guidance and referrals to safe, supervised programs (3). To build on a previous study, we examined physical activity types and programs recommended among PCPs recommending physical activity to adults with any type of arthritis and compared distributions of characteristics of PCPs recommending programs versus PCPs unaware of them. Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data from 2018 Porter Novelli Doc Styles (https://styles.porternovelli.com/docstyles), an online national market research survey assessing PCP attitudes, patient en counters, and use of medical information resources. Eligible Doc-Styles participants were family practitioners, internists, obstetri-cian/gynecologists, and nurse practitioners aged 21 or older, liv-ing and practicing in the US, practicing for at least 3 years, treat-ing at least 10 patients weekly, and working at an individual, group, or inpatient practice. From June through August 2018, Porter Novelli invited participants by email to complete the sur-vey from the Sermo Global Medical Panel (www.sermo.com), SurveyHealthcareGlobus (www.surveyhealthcareglobus.com), and WebMD (www.webmd.com). Target quotas (1,000 PCPs, 250 ob-stetricians/gynecologists, and 250 nurse practitioners) were met by inviting highly responsive participants (defined as completing >75\% of any kind of survey {[}not only DocStyles] in which they had been invited to participate) first from among those not parti-cipating in DocStyles 2017. Of 2,582 invited persons, 1,505 com-pleted the survey (response rate, 58.3\%) and were compensated \$55 to \$77 based on number of questions asked. We excluded 116 PCPs not treating adults with arthritis and 23 never recommend-ing physical activity, which resulted in an analytic sample of 1,366. Additional survey details are available elsewhere (6). Al-though analyses were not subject to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) institutional review board, we followed all Council of American Survey Research Organizations guidelines, and the data set was deidentified. The 2018 DocStyles Survey included a module with questions about recommendations for CDC-recognized arthritis-appropriate physical activity programs (hereafter ``programs{''}) (7), which have an evidence base for addressing physical activity barriers (8). PCPs treating an average of at least 1 adult with arthritis weekly completed multiple choice questions about physical activity coun-seling for adults with arthritis, including physical activity types, programs recommended, and reasons for not recommending pro-grams. We calculated percentages for physical activity type and program variables overall (N = 1,366) and reasons for not recommending programs among PCPs not recommending programs (n = 895). To identify opportunities for promoting program awareness, we gen-erated distributions of PCP characteristics overall (N = 1,366) and for those recommending programs (n = 471) and unaware of pro-grams (n = 710). We generated percentages using SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc); we performed chi 2 tests in Excel version 2008 (Microsoft Corp) to assess differences (significant at alpha = .05) between PCP groups. Results PCPs were commonly aged 50 or older (46.2\%; 95\% CI, 43.5\%-48.8\%), men (57.5\%; 95\% CI, 54.8\%-60.1\%), non-Hispanic White (67.1\%; 95\% CI, 64.6\%-69.6\%), and working in a group outpatient practice (67.5\%; 95\% CI, 65.0\%-70.0\%) (Ta-ble). Most PCPs recommended walking, swimming, or cycling (88.2\%; 95\% CI, 86.5\%-89.9\%), stretching (63.8\%; 95\% CI, 61.3\%-66.4\%), and physical therapy (60.8\%; 95\% CI, 58.2\%-63.4\%) (Figure). Programs were recommended less fre-quently than physical activity: 34.5\% (n = 471) of PCPs recom-mended 1 or more programs. The most commonly recommended programs were the Arthritis Foundation's Aquatic Program (18.0\%; 95\% CI, 16.0\%-20.0\%), the Arthritis Foundation's Exer-cise Program (14.4\%; 95\% CI, 12.6\%-16.3\%), and Walk With Ease (13.8\%; 95\% CI, 12.0\%-15.7\%) (Figure). Most PCPs did not recommend any programs (65.5\%; 95\% CI, 63.0\%-68.0\%); among this group (n = 895), the most commonly reported reasons were being unaware of them (n = 710; 79.3\%; 95\% CI, 76.7\%-82.0\%); programs were unavailable in their area (22.5\%; 95\% CI, 19.7\%-25.2\%), unaffordable for patients (12.5\%; 95\% CI, 10.3\%-14.7\%), or inaccessible to patients (12.2\%; 95\% CI, 10.0\%-14.3\%); and believing patients would not attend (10.5\%; 95\% CI, 8.5\%-12.5\%).}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Guglielmo, D (Corresponding Author), Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent \& Hlth Promot, Div Populat Hlth, Ctr Dis Control \& Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS S107-6, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Guglielmo, Dana; Theis, Kristina A.; Helmick, Charles G.; Odom, Erica L.; Duca, Lindsey M.; Croft, Janet B., Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent \& Hlth Promot, Div Populat Hlth, Ctr Dis Control \& Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS S107-6, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Guglielmo, Dana, Oak Ridge Inst Sci \& Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. Murphy, Louise B., Optum Life Sci Inc, Eden Prairie, MN USA. Boring, Michael A., ASRT Inc, Smyrna, GA USA. Omura, John D., Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent \& Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Act \& Obes, Ctr Dis Control \& Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Duca, Lindsey M., Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent \& Hlth Promot, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Ctr Dis Control \& Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.}, DOI = {10.5888/pcd18.210194}, Article-Number = {e92}, ISSN = {1545-1151}, Keywords-Plus = {EXERCISE; BENEFITS}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {danagugliel@gmail.com}, ORCID-Numbers = {Odom, Erica/0000-0003-0080-8192 Guglielmo, Dana/0000-0001-5879-9474}, Number-of-Cited-References = {12}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {2}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000717282900002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:001023619300001, Author = {Rocha, Oscar Moreno Y. and Pinto, Paula and Consuegra, Maria C. and Cifuentes, Sebastian and Ulloa, Jorge H.}, Title = {Mobile ultrasound vascular assessment (MUVA) for remote and conflict areas}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF HUMANITARIAN LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT}, Year = {2023}, Month = {2023 JUL 11}, Abstract = {PurposeThis study aims to facilitate access to vascular disease screening for low-income individuals living in remote and conflict areas based on the results of a pilot trial in Colombia. Also, to increase the amount of diagnosis training of vascular surgery (VS) in civilians. Design/methodology/approachThe operation method includes five stages: strategy development and adjustment; translation of the strategy into a real-world setting; operation logistics planning; strategy analysis and adoption. The operation plan worked efficiently in this study's sample. It demonstrated high sensibility, efficiency and safety in a real-world setting. FindingsThe authors developed and implemented a flow model operating plan for screening vascular pathologies in low-income patients pro bono without proper access to vascular health care. A total of 140 patients from rural areas in Colombia were recruited to a controlled screening session where they underwent serial noninvasive ultrasound assessments conducted by health professionals of different training stages in VS. Research limitations/implicationsThe plan was designed to be implemented in remote, conflict areas with limited access to VS care. Vascular injuries are critically important and common among civilians and military forces in regions with active armed conflicts. As this strategy can be modified and adapted to different medical specialties and geographic areas, the authors recommend checking the related legislation and legal aspects of the intended areas where we will implement this tool. Practical implicationsDifferent sub-specialties can implement the described method to be translated into significant areas of medicine, as the authors can adjust the deployment and execution for the assessment in peripheral areas, conflict zones and other public health crises that require a faster response. This is necessary, as the amount of training to which VS trainees are exposed is low. A simulated exercise offers a novel opportunity to enhance their current diagnostic skills using ultrasound in a controlled environment. Social implicationsEvaluating and assessing patients with limited access to vascular medicine and other specialties can decrease the burden of vascular disease and related complications and increase the number of treatments available for remote communities. Originality/valueIt is essential to assess the most significant number of patients and treat them according to their triage designation. This management is similar to assessment in remote areas without access to a proper VS consult. The authors were able to determine, classify and redirect to therapeutic interventions the patients with positive findings in remote areas with a fast deployment methodology in VS. Plain language summaryAccess to health care is limited due to multiple barriers and the assessment and response, especially in peripheral areas that require a highly skilled team of medical professionals and related equipment. The authors tested a novel mobile assessment tool for remote and conflict areas in a rural zone of Colombia.}, Type = {Article; Early Access}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Rocha, O (Corresponding Author), Univ Los Andes, Med Sch, Bogota, Colombia. Rocha, O (Corresponding Author), Fdn Santa Fe Bogota Univ Hosp, Div Vasc \& Endovasc Surg, Bogota, Colombia. Rocha, O (Corresponding Author), Univ Michigan, Dept Vasc Surg, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Rocha, Oscar Moreno Y.; Pinto, Paula; Cifuentes, Sebastian; Ulloa, Jorge H., Univ Los Andes, Med Sch, Bogota, Colombia. Rocha, Oscar Moreno Y.; Pinto, Paula; Cifuentes, Sebastian; Ulloa, Jorge H., Fdn Santa Fe Bogota Univ Hosp, Div Vasc \& Endovasc Surg, Bogota, Colombia. Rocha, Oscar Moreno Y., Univ Michigan, Dept Vasc Surg, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Consuegra, Maria C., Univ Norte, Med Sch, Barranquilla, Colombia.}, DOI = {10.1108/JHLSCM-04-2022-0047}, EarlyAccessDate = {JUL 2023}, ISSN = {2042-6747}, EISSN = {2042-6755}, Keywords = {Flow assessment; Assembly line; Aortic aneurysm; Chronic venous disease; Ultrasound; Combat casualty care}, Keywords-Plus = {ABDOMINAL AORTIC-ANEURYSMS; CARE; IMPLEMENTATION; POPULATION; MORTALITY; SURGERY; LESSONS; SYSTEM; WAR}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Management}, Author-Email = {oscar.md@icloud.com p.pinto@uniandes.edu.co cconsuegram@uninorte.edu.co js.cifuentes12@uniandes.edu.co vascuandes@icloud.com}, Number-of-Cited-References = {59}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {1}, Unique-ID = {WOS:001023619300001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @inproceedings{ WOS:000255185400085, Author = {Fuller-Love, Nerys}, Editor = {RenYong, C and Hosseini, J}, Title = {Female entrepreneurship in a rural area: Motivations and attitudes towards growth}, Booktitle = {PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINTH WEST LAKE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESS (WLICSMB)}, Year = {2008}, Pages = {519-526}, Note = {9th West Lake International Conference on Small and Medium Business, Hangzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA, OCT 21-23, 2007}, Abstract = {There has been a growing level of interest in female entrepreneurship in recent years. Initially, there was an awareness of the lower participation of women than men in the creation and growth of new enterprises. More recently, there is recognition that female entrepreneurship can have a positive impact on economic prosperity. This paper looks at female entrepreneurship in a rural area, as well as their motivation for starting a business and their attitude towards growth. Entrepreneurs start a business for a variety of reasons, such as making money, flexible working hours, others may want to employ family members or feel they have no other option. It can be difficult to start a business in any circumstance yet there is evidence that some groups may find it more difficult. Women in particular, may face additional problems starting a business. Access to resources, including finance, skills and access to markets, may be more difficult for some females. One of the reasons given by the EU (2002:3) for promoting female entrepreneurship is that they are a source of `economic growth and new jobs' and that the barriers they face in setting up and running a business must be tackled. There is an understanding that entrepreneurs in general make a contribution towards economic growth, mainly in terms of job creation but also in terms of innovation. Therefore, if the numbers of entrepreneurs can be increased by bringing the levels of female entrepreneurship to the equivalent for male business owners, then that will help the economy. In the US, female entrepreneurs account for 38.8\% of all privately owned firms (Minniti et al, 2005) and this is seen as one of the reasons for the higher GDP than in countries where the participation rate for women is lower. This paper looks at four case studies of women in a rural area. Low farm incomes and a lack of alternative employment can act as an impetus for female entrepreneurship in rural areas. Distance from local markets can make it more difficult for a rural enterprise to succeed and generally, rural businesses have a lower turnover than those in urban conurbations. The case studies include a farmer's wife trying to generate additional income, one running an IT business from home, another developing a forestry business, and one running a seed business and opening a fashion retail outlet. Two of the women are very successful and are making good profits whereas the other two are barely making a living. What are the differences between these women? This paper looks at the different attitudes of these women, their reasons for starting a business and how they are trying to grow their businesses. This study found that although they did want to grow their business and make money, their main motivation was the lifestyle.}, Type = {Proceedings Paper}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Fuller-Love, Nerys, Univ Wales, Sch Business \& Management, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, Wales.}, ISBN = {978-7-81127-091-4}, Keywords = {female entrepreneurship; motivations; attitudes}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Business; Business, Finance; Economics}, Number-of-Cited-References = {21}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {26}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000255185400085}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000433882700019, Author = {Saeed, Sana and Somani, Noureen and Sharif, Fatima and Kazi, Abdul Momin}, Title = {Evaluating the Effectiveness of Text Messaging and Phone Call Reminders to Minimize No Show at Pediatric Outpatient Clinics in Pakistan: Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Study}, Journal = {JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS}, Year = {2018}, Volume = {7}, Number = {4}, Month = {APR}, Abstract = {Background: Missing health care appointments without canceling in advance results in a no show, a vacant appointment slot that cannot be offered to others. No show can be reduced by reminding patients about their appointment in advance. In this regard, mobile health (mHealth) strategy is to use text messaging (short message service, SMS), which is available on all cellular phones, including cheap low-end handsets. Nonattendance for appointments in health care results in wasted resources and disturbs the planned work schedules. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the current text messaging (SMS) and call-based reminder system and further explore how to improve the attendance at the pediatric outpatient clinics. The primary objectives are to (1) determine the efficacy of the current clinic appointment reminder service at pediatric outpatient clinics at Aga Khan University Hospital, (2) assess the mobile phone access and usage among caregivers visiting pediatrics consultant clinics, and (3) explore the perception and barriers of parents regarding the current clinic appointment reminder service at the pediatric outpatient clinics at Aga Khan University Hospital. Methods: The study uses a mixed-method design that consists of 3 components: (1) retrospective study (component A) which aims to determine the efficacy of text messaging (SMS) and phone call based reminder service on patient's clinic attendance during January to June 2017 (N=58,517); (2) quantitative (component B) in which a baseline survey will be conducted to assess the mobile phone access and usage among parents/caregivers of children visiting pediatrics consultant clinics (n=300); and (3) qualitative (component C) includes in-depth interviews and focus group discussion with parents/caregivers of children visiting the pediatric consultancy clinic and with health care providers and administrative staff. Main constructs will be to explore perceptions and barriers related to existing clinic appointment reminder service. Ethics approval has been obtained from the Ethical Review Committee, Aga Khan University, Pakistan (4770-Ped-ERC-17). Results: Results will be disseminated to pediatric quality public health and mHealth communities through scientific meetings and through publications, nationally and internationally. Conclusions: This study will provide insight regarding efficacy of using mHealth-based reminder services for patient's appointments in low- and middle-income countries setup. The finding of this study will be used to recommend further enhanced mHealth-based solutions to improve patient appointments and decrease no show.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Kazi, AM (Corresponding Author), Aga Khan Univ, Dept Paediat \& Child Hlth, Fac Off Bldg,Stadium Rd, Karachi, Pakistan. Saeed, Sana; Somani, Noureen; Sharif, Fatima; Kazi, Abdul Momin, Aga Khan Univ, Dept Paediat \& Child Hlth, Fac Off Bldg,Stadium Rd, Karachi, Pakistan.}, DOI = {10.2196/resprot.9294}, Article-Number = {e91}, ISSN = {1929-0748}, Keywords = {text messaging; mobile phone; mhealth; appointments and schedules; outpatient services; pediatrics}, Keywords-Plus = {SERVICE REMINDERS; MOBILE PHONE; SMS; INTERVENTIONS; ATTENDANCE; COVERAGE}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Health Care Sciences \& Services; Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {momin.kazi@aku.edu}, ORCID-Numbers = {Saeed, Sana/0000-0001-6157-6327 Kazi, Abdul Momin/0000-0001-8253-1777}, Number-of-Cited-References = {22}, Times-Cited = {3}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {6}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000433882700019}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000720372700007, Author = {Zapata, Amadeo Navarro}, Title = {Regional analysis of Spanish high-tech manufacturing exports to East Asian countries}, Journal = {REVISTA DE ESTUDIOS REGIONALES}, Year = {2021}, Number = {121}, Pages = {103-136}, Month = {MAY-AUG}, Abstract = {In the last decades, the East Asian region has experienced important economic transformations that have led to important growth and economic development. A crucial part of this growth has been due to the contribution of the foreign sector, and more specifically the trade in manufactures, establishing a model of economic growth based largely on exports of this type of goods. The Spanish foreign sector has also undergone important changes in recent decades, although the need to expand foreign markets and the improvement of the technological intensity of manufactured exports are two pending tasks to be able to compete more efficiently in the international markets. The Spanish authorities have emphasised these needs and have been defined as objectives to be achieved in the different internationalisation strategies for the Spanish economy designed in recent years, and although improvements have been made, there is still ample scope to deepen the reforms needed to achieve a more efficient pattern of manufacturing specialisation. In most cases, the analysis of these deficiencies has been confined to the country, without paying special attention to the study of the regional aspect, and to the high regional geographic concentration in the Spanish production of manufactures with a higher technological content, highlighting the unavoidable need to implement economic policy tools to improve the supply of new products with high technological content. This article analyses the technological intensity of manufactures exported by the Spanish autonomous communities to the world and the main territories of East Asia: China, Japan, Korea, ASEAN, Hong Kong and Taiwan, for the period 2000 to 2016. As we mentioned before, this choice is based on the importance that these territories have achieved in the international markets of manufactures in general, and of manufactures with high technological intensity in particular, and also based on the low presence in the economic literature in Spain. This analysis fills a crucial gap in the economic literature regarding the technological intensity of manufactures exported by Spanish regions, and it is for this reason that our study aims to provide scientific evidence for the case of the technological intensity of manufactures exported by Spanish autonomous communities to the world and to the East Asian region. Therefore, it could serve as an important tool on the assessment of economic policy measures implemented to increase regional exports of manufactures with a higher technological content. This work can also be a good tool for Spanish companies that wish to internationalise their processes in the countries of the study, identifying market niches and difficulties in internationalising their processes in East Asian countries. Likewise, it can serve the Spanish authorities at national and regional level in charge of designing policies aimed at favouring these processes of business internationalisation, identifying comparative advantages, and reinforcing economic policy tools aimed at improving the financing, training and qualification of companies exporting manufactures with a high technological content. Thus, this article has a significant relevance due to the need to improve the regional export propensity of manufactures with a higher technological content, since achieving these objectives could help to attain greater economic growth, showing that product specialisation from the point of view of technological intensity is not neutral on potential of wealth creation. One of the aims of this paper is to determine the weight of the foreign manufacturing sector in the Spanish regional economies, since the measures and the scope of the economic policies to be implemented to improve the technological intensity of manufacturing will depend to a certain degree on the importance of this sector in each of the autonomous communities, and for this it will be essential to determine the technological breakdown of manufactures exported by the Spanish regions to the world and to the countries of East Asia, as well as to analyse the evolution of their technological pattern during the study period. This article also aims to determine the main manufactures with high technological intensity exported by the Spanish regions to the countries of East Asia, to analyse their level of concentration, and the degree of similarity of the distributions of exports of manufactures with high technological intensity among each of the Spanish autonomous communities, and that of Spain as a whole. The database used in this study is Datacomex of the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Tourism of Spain, which collects data on declared trade provided by the Department of Customs and Special Taxes of the State Agency of the Tax Administration. In the regional study of manufactures exported according to their technological content by Spain and by the Spanish regions to the world and the countries of East Asia, a statistical analysis is carried out using the technological classification established by the OECD, where manufactures are broken down into four groups: high technology manufactures, medium-high technology, medium-low technology, and low technology. The disaggregation of manufactures used in this article is at five-digit level, which provides a high level of disaggregation, avoiding the likely drawbacks derived from a high level of aggregation. In the analysis of the concentration of exported manufactures, we used the Theil concentration index, while in the study of the similarity between the distributions of exports to the world and to the East Asian countries regarding manufactures with high technological intensity, between the Spainsh regions and Spain as whole, we use the Finger-Kreinin index. From the analysis of the manufactures exports, it is observed that there is no clear relationship between the weight of the manufacturing sector in the regional economies and the volume of exports with high technological intensity. Although it is difficult to establish a pattern regarding the evolution of manufactures with high intensity exported by the Spanish regions, some autonomous communities, such as the Community of Madrid, have significantly increased the proportion of manufactures exported with high technological intensity as they increased their sales abroad in absolute terms, establishing a pattern of industrialisation focused on those manufactures with a higher added value. Moreover, from the analysis of manufactures exports to the countries of East Asia, we can conclude that exports values can be improved both in quantitative and qualitative terms, and that there is a significant concentration of manufactures exports in a few regions. Madrid, followed by Castilla-Leon and Andalucia are among the Spanish regions that showed a good performance during the study period, and among those that better adapted to the pattern of specialisation of Asian imports, on the other hand are regions such as Galicia, Cantabria, Extremadura or Murcia. Likewise, the evolution of the value of exports of manufactures with high technological intensity is very heterogeneous, and there is no a defined pattern. From the analysis of the concentration index, it is observed that a high concentration is associated with a low level of value exports, that is why as value of exports increases, there is a greater product diversification. Moreover, there is a greater concentration in manufactures exported to the East Asian countries than those exported to the rest of the world. Overall, from the results obtained by the Finger-Kreinin index, we can conclude that the Spanish regions have a distribution of exports of manufactures with a high technological intensity quite similar to that of the nation as a whole, that these distributions have been homogenised with that of the country as a whole over time, with a greater homogeneity in the case of those regions with high propensity to exports manufactures of high technological content.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {Spanish}, Affiliation = {Zapata, AN (Corresponding Author), Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain. Zapata, Amadeo Navarro, Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain.}, ISSN = {0213-7585}, Keywords = {Exports; Manufacturing; Technology intensity; East Asia}, Keywords-Plus = {ECONOMIC-GROWTH; US STATES; TRADE; DIVERSIFICATION; INCOME; EMPLOYMENT}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Environmental Studies}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Navarro Zapata, Amadeo/ADJ-5595-2022}, ORCID-Numbers = {Navarro Zapata, Amadeo/0000-0002-7405-9035}, Number-of-Cited-References = {34}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {4}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000720372700007}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000385608100002, Author = {Jegaden, D. and Peron, J. and Bianco, S. and Davion, M. and Cardonne, S. and Ha, O. and Hekinian, A. and Nousbaum, M. and Nicolas, F.}, Title = {The advantages of treating workers suffering from chronic back pain by combining the services offered by occupational health doctors and those of physiotherapy and rehabilitation medicine}, Journal = {ARCHIVES DES MALADIES PROFESSIONNELLES ET DE L ENVIRONNEMENT}, Year = {2016}, Volume = {77}, Number = {4}, Pages = {623-635}, Month = {SEP}, Abstract = {Introduction. Back pain is a major problem in the workplace. Back pain is also responsible for considerable economic costs and can have serious social repercussions in our society. In this study we present the results of four years of study combining the findings of two different medical teams involved in the treatment of chronic back pain: the occupational health department in Brest (service de sante au travail en Iroise {[}STI], Brest and a service of physiotherapy and rehabilitation medicine in Roscoff, France. Methodology. Our model is based on the diagnosis of a problem of chronic back pain in various workers. The diagnosis is proposed by doctors associated with the occupational health department of Brest, based on a specific protocol that covers workers who have been suffering from chronic back pain for more than 3 months with an obvious impact on the quality of their work. Each individual medical case was then studied by a joint medical committee composed of doctors specialized in occupational health concerns and doctors specialized in physical rehabilitation. On the basis of the committee's findings, it has (or not) been possible to offer to the back pain sufferers a series of physical therapy and functional re-education sessions, as well as an ergonomic study of their workstation. One year later, a new evaluation of the situation was systematically undertaken by comparing the ODI, HADS and Karasek tests for each individual. Results. One hundred and eighty-three workers were presented to the joint committee of occupational health practitioners and physical rehabilitation specialists between 2010 and 2013. Each case was then re-evaluated one year later. Only 90 cases were taken in charge by the rehabilitation and functional re-education center. Seventy-one cases were re-evaluated by the committee of doctors one year later. Among these cases, 18 workers were declared unfit with no work resumption. Seven of the original 90 cases were lost from sight. After one year, 78.9\% of the subjects included in the program were working, whereas only 55.7\% of them were on their jobs at the beginning of the program. A total of 67.9\% of the patients (or workers) declared that they felt a physical improvement in their back pain. Seventy-five percent of the patients were recognized as disabled workers. On average, their ODI score was improved (by 10 points) as well as their psychological profile, in terms of less depression and less anxiety. Discussion. We compare our model to other types of health care offered to patients suffering from chronic back pain, especially the Sherbrooke model. We confirm the importance of multidisciplinary care based on the bio-psychosocial well-being profile. The first results we are publishing are more positive than those presented in other studies, although it is difficult to compare this particular ``protocol{''} with others. On the other hand, we found no clear benefit in the ergonomic adaptation of the workstation, unlike other studies. However, the benefits of physical rehabilitation/re-adaptatiOn, (and sports) are confirmed. A global approach using a well-defined protocol that takes in charge patients (workers) suffering from chronic back pain by an occupational health service and then through a close relationship with a physical rehabilitation center has provided encouraging results. However, it is still possible to improve these results, especially by integrating suggestions by specialists in ergonomics with those of the occupational therapists in order to optimize the adaptation of certain workstations. (C) 2015 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {French}, Affiliation = {Jegaden, D (Corresponding Author), Sante Travail Iroise, 26 Rue Eau Blanche, F-29200 Brest, France. Jegaden, D.; Peron, J.; Bianco, S.; Hekinian, A.; Nousbaum, M.; Nicolas, F., Sante Travail Iroise, 26 Rue Eau Blanche, F-29200 Brest, France. Davion, M.; Cardonne, S.; Ha, O., Fdn Ildys, Ctr Perharidy, F-29684 Roscoff, France.}, DOI = {10.1016/j.admp.2015.08.011}, ISSN = {1775-8785}, EISSN = {1778-4190}, Keywords = {Back pain; Occupational; Rehabilitation; Fitness}, Keywords-Plus = {FUNCTIONAL RESTORATION PROGRAM; NECK PAIN; INTERVENTIONS; DEPRESSION; SYMPTOMS; SMOKING; ANXIETY; STRAIN; MODEL}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {d.jegaden@metrabrest.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {JEGADEN, Dominique/ADL-3060-2022}, ORCID-Numbers = {JEGADEN, Dominique/0000-0003-4709-326X}, Number-of-Cited-References = {40}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {20}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000385608100002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000397406100007, Author = {Eyrich-Garg, Karin M. and Moss, Shadiya L.}, Title = {How Feasible is Multiple Time Point Web-Based Data Collection with Individuals Experiencing Street Homelessness?}, Journal = {JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE}, Year = {2017}, Volume = {94}, Number = {1}, Pages = {64-74}, Month = {FEB}, Abstract = {Three barriers investigators often encounter when conducting longitudinal work with homeless or other marginalized populations are difficulty tracking participants, high rates of no-shows for follow-up interviews, and high rates of loss to follow-up. Recent research has shown that homeless populations have substantial access to information technologies, including mobile devices and computers. These technologies have the potential both to make longitudinal data collection with homeless populations easier and to minimize some of these methodological challenges. This pilot study's purpose was to test whether individuals who were homeless and sleeping on the streets-the Bstreet homeless-would answer questions remotely through a web-based data collection system at regular ``followup{''} intervals. We attempted to simulate longitudinal data collection in a condensed time period. Participants (N = 21) completed an in-person baseline interview. Each participant was given a remotely reloadable gift card. Subsequently, weekly for 8 weeks, participants were sent an email with a link to a SurveyMonkey questionnaire. Participants were given 48 h to complete each questionnaire. Data were collected about life on the streets, service use, community inclusion, substance use, and high-risk sexual behaviors. Ten dollars was remotely loaded onto each participant's gift card when they completed the questionnaire within the completion window. A substantial number of participants (67\% of the total sample and 86\% of the adjusted sample) completed at least seven out of the eight follow-up questionnaires. Most questionnaires were completed at public libraries, but several were completed at other types of locations (social service agencies, places of employment, relative/friend/acquaintance's domiciles, or via mobile phone). Although some of the questions were quite sensitive, very few participants skipped any questions. The only variables associated with questionnaire completion were frequency of computer use and education- both positive associations. This pilot study suggests that collecting longitudinal data online may be feasible with a subpopulation of persons experiencing homelessness. We suspect that participant follow-up rates using web-based data collection methods have the potential to exceed follow-up rates using traditional in-person interviews. If this population of persons experiencing street homelessness can be successful with this method of data collection, perhaps other disenfranchised, difficult-to-track, or difficult-to-reach populations could be followed using web-based data collection methods. Local governments are striving to decrease the ``digital divide,{''} providing free or greatly discounted wi-fi connectivity as well as mobile computer lab access to low-income geographic areas. These actions, in combination with increased smart phone ownership, may permit vulnerable populations to connect and communicate with investigators.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Eyrich-Garg, KM (Corresponding Author), Temple Univ, Sch Social Work, Coll Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. Eyrich-Garg, Karin M., Temple Univ, Sch Social Work, Coll Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. Moss, Shadiya L., Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY USA.}, DOI = {10.1007/s11524-016-0109-y}, ISSN = {1099-3460}, EISSN = {1468-2869}, Keywords = {Homeless.; Longitudinal data collection.; Information technology.; Technology.; Computers.; Mobile phones.; Tracking.; No-show.; Follow-up.; Internet}, Keywords-Plus = {SELF-INTERVIEWING ACASI; SOCIAL MEDIA USE; FOLLOW-UP; DRUG-USERS; T-ACASI; TECHNOLOGY USE; HEALTH-CARE; ALCOHOL-USE; INTERVENTION; TRIAL}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health; Medicine, General \& Internal}, Author-Email = {kgarg@temple.edu}, Number-of-Cited-References = {54}, Times-Cited = {4}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {15}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000397406100007}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000462745900002, Author = {Brooks, Mohamad I. and Johns, Nicole E. and Quinn, Anne K. and Boyce, Sabrina C. and Fatouma, Ibrahima A. and Oumarou, Alhassane O. and Sani, Aliou and Silverman, Jay G.}, Title = {Can community health workers increase modern contraceptive use among young married women? A cross-sectional study in rural Niger}, Journal = {REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH}, Year = {2019}, Volume = {16}, Month = {MAR 25}, Abstract = {BackgroundThe Republic of Niger has the highest rate of early marriage and adolescent fertility in the world. Recent global health initiatives, such as Family Planning 2020, have reinvigorated investments in family planning in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). As part of this initiative, Niger has implemented ambitious plans to increase contraceptive prevalence through policies designed to increase coverage and access to family planning services. One strategy involves the deployment of volunteer community health workers (relais communautaires) in rural settings to improve access to family planning services, especially among adolescents and youth. The objective of this article is to determine if visits by relais are associated with increased use of modern contraception among young married women in rural Niger.MethodsCross-sectional data from a household survey were collected from young married women between the ages of 13 and 19 in three rural districts in the region of Dosso, Niger from May to August 2016. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to assess the odds of married female youth reporting current use of modern contraceptive methods based on being visited by a relais in the past three months.ResultsA total of 956 young married women were included in the final analysis. Among study participants, 9.3\% reported a relais visit to discuss health issues in the past three months and 11.4\% reported currently using a modern method of contraception. Controlling for socio-demographic variables, the odds of current use of modern contraceptive methods were higher among young married women who were visited by a relais in the last three months compared to those not visited by a relais during this period (AOR=1.94{[}95\% CI 1.07-3.51]). In this study setting, relais were less likely to visit nulliparous women and women that worked in the past 12months.ConclusionYoung married women visited by relais were more likely to use modern contraceptive methods compared to those not visited by a relais. These results are consistent with similar family planning studies from sub-Saharan Africa and suggest that relais in Niger may be able to provide access to essential family planning services in rural and hard-to-reach areas. Additional efforts to understand the contraceptive barriers faced by nulliparous women and working women should be a key research priority in Niger.Trial registrationClinical trial registration number 2016-1430; registered on October 7, 2016 (retrospectively registered). AbstractContexteLa Republique du Niger a le taux le plus eleve de mariages precoces et de fecondite des adolescentes du monde. Les recentes initiatives mondiales pour la sante, telles que Planification Familiale 2020 (FP2020), ont redynamise les investissements dans la planification familiale dans les pays a revenu faible ou intermediaire. Dans le cadre de cette initiative, le Niger a mis en OEuvre des plans ambitieux pour accroitre la prevalence de la contraception par le biais de politiques concues pour accroitre la couverture et l'acces aux services de planification familiale. Une des strategies consiste au deploiement d'agents de sante communautaires volontaires (relais communautaires) en milieu rural pour ameliorer l'acces aux services de planification familiale, en particulier chez les adolescents et les jeunes. L'objectif de cet article est. de determiner si les visites a domicile conduites par des relais sont associees a une utilisation accrue de la contraception moderne chez les jeunes femmes mariees des zones rurales du Niger. MethodesLes donnees transversales d'une enquete-menages ont ete collectees aupres de jeunes femmes mariees agees de 13 a 19 ans dans trois districts ruraux de la region de Dosso, au Niger, de Mai a Aout 2016. Une regression logistique multivariee a ete menee pour evaluer la probabilite que les jeunes femmes mariees declarant utiliser actuellement des methodes contraceptives modernes apres avoir ete visitees par un relai au cours des trois derniers mois.ResultatsAu total, 956 jeunes femmes mariees ont ete incluses dans l'analyse finale. Parmi les participants a l'etude, 9,3\% ont signale une visite de relais pour discuter de problemes de sante au cours des trois derniers mois et 11,4\% ont declare utiliser actuellement une methode de contraception moderne. En tenant compte des variables sociodemographiques, les probabilites d'utilisation actuelle de methodes contraceptives modernes etaient plus elevees chez les jeunes femmes mariees visitees par un relai au cours des trois derniers mois par rapport a celles qui n'avaient pas ete visitees par un relai au cours de cette periode (AOR=1,94 {[}95\% IC 1,07-3,51]). Dans cette etude, les relais etaient moins susceptibles de rendre visite aux femmes nullipares et aux femmes ayant travaille au cours des 12 derniers mois.ConclusionLes jeunes femmes mariees visitees par les relais etaient plus susceptibles d'utiliser des methodes de contraception modernes que celles qui n'etaient pas visitees par les relais. Ces resultats concordent avec ceux d'etudes similaires sur la planification familiale menees en Afrique subsaharienne et suggerent que les relais au Niger pourraient donner acces a des services essentiels de planification familiale dans les zones rurales et difficiles d'acces. Des efforts supplementaires pour comprendre les barrieres contraceptives rencontrees par les femmes nullipares et les travailleuses devraient constituer une priorite de recherche essentielle au Niger.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Brooks, MI (Corresponding Author), Pathfinder Int, Watertown, MA 02472 USA. Brooks, Mohamad I., Pathfinder Int, Watertown, MA 02472 USA. Johns, Nicole E.; Quinn, Anne K.; Boyce, Sabrina C.; Silverman, Jay G., Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Gender Equ \& Hlth, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Fatouma, Ibrahima A.; Oumarou, Alhassane O.; Sani, Aliou, Pathfinder Int, Niamey, Niger.}, DOI = {10.1186/s12978-019-0701-1}, Article-Number = {38}, ISSN = {1742-4755}, Keywords-Plus = {REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; FAMILY; SERVICES}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Public, Environmental \& Occupational Health}, Author-Email = {bbrooks@pathfinder.org}, Number-of-Cited-References = {28}, Times-Cited = {14}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {1}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000462745900002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000994189000001, Author = {Akakpo, Patrick Kafui and Ken-Amoah, Sebastian and Enyan, Nancy Innocentia Ebu and Agyare, Elizabeth and Salia, Emmanuel and Baidoo, Ibrahim and Derkyi-Kwarteng, Leonard and Asare, Matthew and Adjei, George and Addo, Stephen Ayisi and Obiri-Yeboah, Dorcas}, Title = {High-risk human papillomavirus genotype distribution among women living with HIV; implication for cervical cancer prevention in a resource limited setting}, Journal = {INFECTIOUS AGENTS AND CANCER}, Year = {2023}, Volume = {18}, Number = {1}, Month = {MAY 26}, Abstract = {BackgroundFor women living with HIV (WLHIV), the burden of persistent HPV infection, cervical pre-cancerous lesions and cancer have been demonstrated to be higher than among HIV-negative women. As Ghana and other lower-middle-income countries (LMIC) work toward developing national cervical cancer programmes, it is essential that local scientific evidence be provided to guide policy decisions, especially for such special populations. The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of high-risk HPV genotype and related factors among WLHIV and its implication for the prevention of cervical cancer prevention efforts.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital in Ghana. WLHIV, aged 25-65 years, who met the eligibility criteria were recruited through a simple random sampling method. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to gather socio-demographic, behavioural, clinical and other pertinent information. The AmpFire HPV detection system (Atila BioSystem, Mointain View, CA was used to detect 15 high-risk HPV genotypes from self-collected cervico-vaginal samples. The data collected were exported to STATA 16.0 for statistical analysis.ResultsIn all, 330 study participants, with mean age of 47.2 years (SD +/- 10.7), were involved. Most (69.1\%, n = 188/272) had HIV viral loads < 1000 copies/ml and 41.2\% (n = 136) had ever heard of cervical screening. The overall hr-HPV prevalence was 42.7\% (n = 141, 95\% CI 37.4-48.1) and the five commonest hr-HPV types among screen positives were HPV59 (50.4\%), HPV18 (30.5\%), HPV35 (26.2\%), HPV58 (17\%) and HPV45 (14.9\%). Most infected women (60.3\%, n = 85) had multiple hr-HPV infections, with about 57.4\% (n = 81) having 2-5 h-HPV types, while 2.8\% (n = 4) had more than five hr-HPV types. A total of 37.6\% (n = 53) had HPV16 and/or18, while 66.0\% (n = 93) had the hr-HPV genotypes covered by the nonavalent vaccine. Women with HIV viral load >= 1000copies/ml (AOR = 5.58, 95\% CI 2.89-10.78, p < 0.001) had a higher likelihood of being co-infected.ConclusionThis study found out that the prevalence of hr-HPV still remains high in women with HIV, with a notable occurrence of multiple infections and infection with genotypes 16 and/or18. Additionally, an association was established between hr-HPV and infection HIV viral load.. Therefore, comprehensive HIV care for these women should include awareness of cervical cancer, consideration of vaccination and implementation of screening and follow-up protocols. National programmes in LMIC, such as Ghana, should consider using HPV-based screen-triage-treat approach with partial genotyping.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Obiri-Yeboah, D (Corresponding Author), Cape Coast Teaching Hosp, Publ Hlth Unit, Cape Coast, Ghana. Obiri-Yeboah, D (Corresponding Author), Univ Cape Coast, Sch Med Sci, Dept Microbiol \& Immunol, Cape Coast, Ghana. Akakpo, Patrick Kafui; Derkyi-Kwarteng, Leonard, Univ Cape Coast, Sch Med Sci, Dept Anat Pathol, Cape Coast, Ghana. Ken-Amoah, Sebastian, Univ Cape Coast, Sch Med Sci, Dept Obstet \& Gynaecol, Cape Coast, Ghana. Enyan, Nancy Innocentia Ebu, Univ Cape Coast, Sch Nursing \& Midwifery, Dept Adult Hlth, Cape Coast, Ghana. Agyare, Elizabeth; Baidoo, Ibrahim; Obiri-Yeboah, Dorcas, Cape Coast Teaching Hosp, Publ Hlth Unit, Cape Coast, Ghana. Agyare, Elizabeth; Salia, Emmanuel; Obiri-Yeboah, Dorcas, Univ Cape Coast, Sch Med Sci, Dept Microbiol \& Immunol, Cape Coast, Ghana. Asare, Matthew, Baylor Univ, Robbins Coll Hlth \& Human Serv, Dept Publ Hlth, Waco, TX USA. Adjei, George, Univ Cape Coast, Sch Med Sci, Dept Community Med, Cape Coast, Ghana. Addo, Stephen Ayisi, Korle Bu, Natl AIDS STIs Control Programme, Accra, Ghana.}, DOI = {10.1186/s13027-023-00513-y}, Article-Number = {33}, ISSN = {1750-9378}, Keywords = {HPV; HIV; Ghana; Cervical cancer; Screening; Resource-limited settings}, Keywords-Plus = {INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; INFECTION; PREVALENCE; WORLDWIDE; MORTALITY; KNOWLEDGE; BARRIERS; AFRICA}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Oncology; Immunology}, Author-Email = {dobiri-yeboah@ucc.edu.gh}, ORCID-Numbers = {Salia, Emmanuel/0009-0009-8607-9410 Agyare, Elizabeth/0000-0002-1696-474X}, Number-of-Cited-References = {72}, Times-Cited = {0}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {0}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000994189000001}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:000437701000019, Author = {Dudchenko, Valentina and Vitman, Konstantin}, Title = {PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE INSTITUTIONAL THEORY}, Journal = {BALTIC JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC STUDIES}, Year = {2018}, Volume = {4}, Number = {1}, Pages = {139-147}, Abstract = {One of the priorities of socio-economic reform in Ukraine is the modernization of the structure of the national economy and its growth. An effective structure of the economy, which will correspond to a socially oriented model of economic growth and will be based on the use of both the country's competitive advantages in the global division of labour and the economic benefits of cooperation, will guarantee the independence of any country and will be the key to its dynamic development. The development of economic theory is due to the emergence of fundamentally new ideas, sustainable accumulation of knowledge, intellectual and meaningful updating of established concepts and theories, the formation of new scientific schools. A new paradigm of economic theory should explain the real processes in real economies, which operate on the principles of complex systems of synergistic nature and the theory of nonlinear dynamics. There is a process of theoretical polystructuredness both of mainstream and heterodoxy. An important task is to form an interdisciplinary dialogue between economists and scientists, which stipulates the relevance of the research topic. The subject of the study is the theoretical and methodological foundations and approaches to state management of economic development in the context of the institutional theory. The purpose of the study is to determine the role and influence of public administration of the development of the economy in the context of institutional theory and to develop strategic goals of the state's innovation policy. Methodology. Directions of correlation of the system of economic development of the country and the potential of the state development with the historical preconditions for the emergence and development of the institutional doctrine of economic theory are investigated. Based on the revealed interrelations, the necessity of using instruments of institutionalism for studying the economic development system is substantiated. The state, in all available ways, should encourage economic actors to develop and implement innovations, thereby creating favourable conditions for innovative and technological development of production, saturation of the domestic market with highly competitive goods and services, which, in turn, will strengthen export potential, fill the budgets of all levels, increase incomes of business entities, reduce unemployment and improve working conditions, increase social security of the population, and also strengthen the positive image of public administration and local self-government bodies. That is, the socio-economic development of the country depends directly on the innovation-technological potential and on the efficiency of public administration in its development at all levels of the economy. Conclusions. The author generalizes the theoretical and methodological foundations of the country's development in the context of the institutional theory: the system of economic development of the state has a set of direct and indirect links with the historical background of the emergence and development of an institutional doctrine of economic theory; the revealed directions of correlation contribute to the formation of a scientific and methodological basis for further study of economic development and economic potential of a country (state) in the context of the institutional doctrine of economic theory in its relation to the public administration theory; the economic development of a country (state) depends on the institutional environment, in which it operates, and is both an object of its influence and a subject that determines its transformation. The author investigates the theoretical principles of state regulation of innovative and technological development of the country's economy. The existing strategies and programs of innovative development and innovation activity in Ukraine are explored. The state of innovation and technology of the national economy and the potential of key sectors of the economy in terms of innovative development are analysed.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {English}, Affiliation = {Dudchenko, V (Corresponding Author), Natl Univ Odessa Law Acad, Dept Gen Theoret Jurisprudence, Odessa, Ukraine. Dudchenko, Valentina, Natl Univ Odessa Law Acad, Dept Gen Theoret Jurisprudence, Odessa, Ukraine. Vitman, Konstantin, Ctr Preparat Masters Publ Serv \& Profess Judges, Odessa, Ukraine.}, DOI = {10.30525/2256-0742/2018-1-1-139-147}, ISSN = {2256-0742}, EISSN = {2256-0963}, Keywords = {institutional doctrine; public administration; stimulation mechanism; innovative and technological development; state regulation; innovation strategy}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Economics}, Author-Email = {naukavvd@gmail.com knwittman@gmail.com}, ResearcherID-Numbers = {Library, Scientific/GLU-1223-2022}, Number-of-Cited-References = {21}, Times-Cited = {3}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {0}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {15}, Unique-ID = {WOS:000437701000019}, DA = {2023-09-28}, } @article{ WOS:A1994QG72500002, Author = {MACHONIN, P}, Title = {TOWARDS SOCIOLOGICAL COMPARISON OF CZECH AND SLOVAK SOCIETY}, Journal = {SOCIOLOGIA}, Year = {1994}, Volume = {26}, Number = {4}, Pages = {333+}, Abstract = {Shortly after the crucial political changes connected with the events in November 1989 in Czechoslovakia, some differences in political attitudes and behavior of the Czech and Slovak population appeared. An increasing tension in the Czech - Slovak relations finally led to a peaceful dissociation of the federal Czechoslovakia and to the formation of two sovereign states at the beginning of 1993. It is no wonder that this important change caused a serious discussion of social scientists of the both societies about the societal reasons and consequences of this unexpected and sudden historical and political phenomenon. The author of the present study in agreement with Jiri Musil prefers the comparison of different developments of cultural and social structures in the Czech lands and Slovakia to somewhat superficial historical and politological analyses of the split as a unique event. He disposes at some serious and historically relevant sociological evidence concerning the development of Czech-Slovak relationships, namely with the results of some representative Czech and Slovak sociological surveys, particularly from the years 1967, 1984, 1998, April 1993 and October 1993. Except the 1984 survey, he personally participated in all of them. In the second half of the 1960s, the Czech lands and Slovakia substantially differed in cultural and social respect. Above all one could observe big differences concerning the degree od urbanization in favour of the Czech lands. Slovakia remained then a country with settlement structure of rural type and with much more traditional way of life. A similar lag was characteristic for the structure of economically active population in respect to industrial branches. In the 1960s, the Czech lands belonged, according to their pre-war traditions and in the consequence of the enforced repeated industrialization (for military needs of the Soviet block in the period of the Cold War), to extensively industrialized societies, whereas Slovakia was rather a rural-industrial society where a recently started extensive industrialization went on. Towards the end of the 1960s the educational level of the Slovak population was already relatively close to that of the Czech one, although some distinctions still remained. At the same time, many important differences lasted in the material level of household equipment which was relatively better in the Czech lands. On the other hand, in consequence of the redistributive economic system, the average earnings were already nearly equal. In autumn 1967, on the very eve of the political crisis which signalized the outburst of events known as Prague Spring 1968, a large sociological survey of a representative sample of adult males dealing with social stratification and mobility was carried out by the Czech and Slovak sociologists in cooperation with the State Statistical Office. Its results were published two years later, unfortunately already after the Warsaw Pact Intervention which led to the defeat of the reform attempt connected with the Prague Spring. A special chapter in this book was written by a group of Slovak sociologists headed by R. Rosko. The authors proved that the social status distribution in Slovakia was in the late 1960s significantly lower in the average than the analogical distribution in the Czech lands. It was caused by small differences in the participation of individuals in management, in the level of work complexity typical for the occupational structures in question, and in the distribution of earnings; by more remarkable differences in level of education and material equipment of households; and by large differences concerning average income per capita, standards of consumption and cultural level of the life-style. In general, these findings demonstrated a still lasting deep cultural and social inequality of the Czech and Slovak part of the country. This social unbalance was multiplied by the consequences of the anti-Slovak political repressions in the late 1940s and in the 1950s and of the `'constitutional reform'' from 1960 which brought suppression of the Slovak autonomy in favour of the centralized bureaucratic Prague administration. All these circumstances stimulated a high dissatisfaction of the relatively younger population of Slovakia living in conditions of a rapid demographic development, progress of urbanization and industrialization. It was important for the specific character of the social and political reform movement in 1968 on the Slovak territory which finally caused one of the few real successes of the Prague Spring - the constitutional act declaring federalization of the Czechoslovak Republic. In the practical politics of the `'normalization'' regime installed by the Soviet intervention in August 1968, the originally intended federative arrangement was `'via facti'' replaced by a new version of the totalitarian and bureaucratic centralism. However, this time the political regime was in a sense more favourable for Slovakia. The Slovak Communist leaders gained for more better and in some respect even decisive positions in the Prague central administration of the country than any time before. Some changes in this respect occurred only in the late 1980s. In consequence of all this, the process of the secondary redistribution of the GDP in favor of Slovakia not only continued but even intensified in the 1970s and 1980s. Simultaneously, political oppressions concerning hundreds of thousands of participants in the Prague Spring events were in this period sensibly weaker in Slovakia than in the Czech lands. Thus, paradoxically, the `'normalization regime'' brought some advantages for Slovakia as compared with the past. Some evidence for this can be find in the data collected by Czech sociologists in the sociological survey on `'class and social structure'' in 1984, i.e. shortly before the beginning of the Soviet `'perestroika''. A recent secondary analysis of this data shows therefore a cultural and social situation typical for the normalization system on the top point of its development. It is not very surprising that thanks to the permanent operation of the redistributive mechanisms during fifteen years after the final defeat of the Prague Spring the cultural and social characteristics of the Czech and Slovak adult populations were mutually much closer in 1984 than in 1967. There remained practically no differences in work complexity and in average earnings. The quality of housing was approximately the same. The households were telephonized in very close percentages. People were equally active in professional studying and in political activities (in official politics, of course). In some respects small differences in favour of the Czech population still existed. This is true as far as the global educational level, the percentage of managers and some items of the households equipment are concerned. In their leisure, Czech population was more frequently engaged in typically urban cultural activities. The Slovak population lived in a substantially higher percentage in their own private houses, in more rooms per family and in better environment than the Czech did. They had in more cases gardens or other land at their disposal and devoted themselves more frequently to domestic agricultural work. They also were more active in social contacts, in visiting relatives, neighbours and friends. Still slightly better economic position of the households in the Czech lands - caused partly by lower average number of the more aged Czech families - expressed itself in somewhat higher evaluation of the standard of living from the part of the Czech population. In other words, in the midst of the 1980s, the cultural and social characteristics of the Slovak population were already close to the Czech standards but some lag in this respect still existed. Anyway, the Czech lands represented the stagnating part of the federation, while Slovakia was the progressing one. The beginning of the Soviet perestroika signalized the Czech population that a new historical crisis of the Soviet-type societies was coming. Feelings of dissatisfaction with the stagnation of the Czech lands combined with political frustration of the citizens of an occupied country gradually grew up, particularly when some difficulties concerning standard of living emerged in the second half of the 1980s. A certain dissappointment caused by the unwillingness of the Gorbatchev's leadership to revise the Soviet official attitude to the events of 1968 also played an important role. The Slovak population living still under the protection of current redistributive processes and under a little better political conditions did not feel these changes as intensively as the Czech did. It is no wonder that these specificities influenced the subjective evaluations of the economic, social, political and cultural situation in the country. In the public opinion polls from the second half of the 1980s, the degree of satisfaction of the Slovak population concerning nearly all questions asked then was significantly higher than that of the Czech citizens. Gradually, as the crisis of 1989 was coming nearer, the evaluations were less and less favourable for the regime in both republics. However, the Czech criticism grew more rapidly than the criticism of the population in Slovakia. The `'Velvet Revolution'' of 1989 was initiated mainly by the Czech dissidents and the politically active part of the Czech people. It found an active response also in analogical groups in Slovakia. However, in the course of the year 1990, when the outline of the radical economic reform was prepared by the Federal Government and the first practical steps of it were undertaken, a new shift in the structure of value orientations occurred. Of crucial significance was above all the declaration of President Havel demanding the liquidation of the arms producing industry, strongly developed particularly in Slovakia, and the first measures to its realization. The author of the study disposes at representative data from the survey on social transformation (autumn 1991) confronting the objective status positions of the adult population with their subjective attitudes. As far as the objective characteristics are concerned, the results of the survey on social transformation were summoned by the author in 1992 as follows: `'We discussed systematically all the relevant partial dimensions of the social position (status)...In all of these dimensions we could record only two significant signals of larger social differences. The first of them is a better standard of housing and a bigger amount of family fortunes in Slovakia (relativized, of course, by higher numerousness of families...). The second is a more often declaration of the subjective feelings of a worse market and especially financial attainability of consumption goods and services in Slovakia as well. In behind of this statement is hidden a more significant factor of a lower income per capita, connected with the already mentioned higher number of family members, and a different perception of the reality, influenced by the difference of social dynamics in the both republics. In no case, however, it is possible to speak about two fundamentally different status hierarchies with an essentially distinct context corresponding to two different phases of the civilization and cultural development.'' In other words, the cultural and social processes typical of the 1970s and 1980s, namely the stagnation and the beginning of an absolute decline in the Czech Republic and the continuing (although also limited by the character of the totalitarian and anti-meritocratic social system common for both of the two parts of the Federation) relative progress in Slovakia led to a nearly full equalization of the social unbalance which had been observed in 1967. On the other hand, the data from 1991 revealed a deep discrepancy between the balanced objective data and large differences of the subjective perception of the social situation. In principle, the evaluation both of the past and of the future transformation processes was much more favourable in the Czech than in the Slovak Republic. The most apparent differences in evaluation between the two republics could be found in the fields of standard of living and of social security. It was quite clear that such deep differences in attitudes could not be explained by those objective facts that revealed the attained social equalization of the Czech lands and Slovakia but rather in the specificities of the recent development of the two societies after the `'Velvet Revolution''. Anyway, the contradictory shape of the popular attitudes became one of the stimuli that helped the victory of more liberal and pro-federalist rifht-wing political parties in the Czech Republic and rather anti-federalist political parties and movements in Slovakia in the elections of 1992. The election victors decided after relatively short negotiations, without asking people in a referendum, to dissociate the common state of Czechs and Slovaks. It happened at the beginning of 1993 in peaceful way and is acknowledged at present as a matter of fact by majorities of populations in both new states. It is highly interesting by now to find out what have been the further destinies of people in both countries as far as the objective positions and the subjective attitudes are concerned. A substantial contribution to this kind of knowledge could bring large representative sociological surveys of about 5000 adult respondents in the Czech and Slovak Republic that took place in April 1993 as a part of broader comparative survey on social stratification and mobility in Eastern Europe. The second important contribution could be drawn from paralel surveys of somewhat smaller representative samples devoted to the study of beliefs and behaviour of Czech and Slovak people carried out in autumn 1993. As far as the objective aspect of the problem is concerned, one can state that the economically active population of the Czech and Slovak Republics do not differ in none of the basic social status dimensions characterizing the individuals. Even the indicators of the so called status consistency/inconsistency, namely the rank correlations of education, work complexity and earnings are equal in both republics. Small differences have been revealed only in two newly studied status characteristics. The so-called social capital (the degree of development of purposeful informal social contacts) seems to be somewhat more developed in Slovakia than in the Czech Republic. On the other hand, the Czech lands are a little bit more progressing in the development of the private enterpreneurship. However, the differences are not so deep as to make the social stratification shape of the two societies fundamentally dissimilar. Thus the data concerning the social positions of economically active individuals prove clearly that Slovakia reached approximately the same level od social and cultural development as the Czech Republic. There exist, of course, some not negligible differences concerning social and cultural characteristics of the families, including their economically non-active members. In Slovakia, significantly more respondents declared that they were living in family houses. The technical equipment of the housing is somewhat better in the Czech lands, the size of the family flats or houses and the number of rooms is larger in Slovakia. The material equipment of the households differs somewhat in some items in favour of the Czech families, in some others in favour of the Slovak. The average amount of their family fortunes expressed in financial values seems to be a little higher in Slovakia. The Czech families are not so numerous as the relatively younger Slovak families and therefore their average income per capita is higher. Among the population that has been questioned in the stratification survey there was substantially less retired persons in the Slovak Republic. The percentage of unemployed among the respondents has been, on the contrary, some times higher in Slovakia. However, the final percentage of economically active was higher in Slovakia. All these characteristics are connected with well known differences of the two countries in the settlement structure and in the structure of industries and branches in national economy. In the Slovak Republic, significantly more people are working in agriculture, metallurgy, heavy industry and energetics, yet also in education, culture ans science; in the Czech Republic the same goes for other industry, other services, finance and banking. Also the already mentioned differences in the demographic structures play their role as well as the differences in the ethnical structures (large Hungarian and Gipsy minority in Slovakia) and in confessional structures (substantially more believers, particularly Roman Catholics but also Evangelics in Slovakia). If we take into account all the mentioned social and cultural differences, some of them favourable for the Czech, some for the Slovak Republic, we cannot notice, of course, that they are in a part derived from the more rural and traditional past of Slovakia as we analyzed it in on the basis of 1967 data. However, in the whole the weight of this kind of differences is not as high that it could change our basic statement about achieved fundamental cultural and social equality of the societies in question, which both now belong to the industrial type and started together a very similar trajectory of the post-communist transformation. However, there is one important field where the recently emerged differences seem to be grave. It is the standard of living of the households. In every case, we can present interesting data comparing the evaluation of family standards of living in the Czech lands and Slovakia in 1988 and in 1993. In spite of the fact that they are somewhat subjectively coloured, especially as far as the retrospective evaluation is concerned, they clearly show that the obvious decline of the standard of living in both republics must have been much steeper in Slovakia. At the same time, we have here the first evidence proving the big shift of satisfaction/dissatisfaction attitudes in favour of the Czech lands. This opens the discussion of the important topic of subjective perception of the post-communist transformation. The evaluation, based on new experience, is in both republics somewhat more sceptical than in 1991. At the same time, a remarkable change in the relation of positive evaluations occurred in favour of the Czech Republic. In this case also the experience of nine months of Slovak sovereignty evidently plays a certain role. In most of similar questions one can identify a constant phenomenon: 20-25\% less of positive and more of negative evaluations in Slovakia than in the Czech lands. The discrepancy between the relative equality of general cultural and social structures in the analyzed countries, on the one hand, and big differences in the subjective evaluations, on the other, for the first time revealed in the data from 1991, emerged from the data of 1993 with an even greater intensity. There are, in principle, three ways how to interpret this phenomenon. The first would be to query the first of the premises of our considerations by arguing that the residues of the traditional rural cultural and social relations in Slovakia are still alive, particularly in times of new crucial changes, and hamper the operating of relatively young and therefore unstable cultural and social relationships. However, the facts witnessing for basic equality of the present cultural and social structures are substantial and concern nearly all aspects of the daily life in both societies, so that it is not so easy to doubt them. There is a case for another explanation as well, namely for the assumption that in the stormy atmosphere of radical social changes some deep cultural and socio-psychological specificities of the nations concerned emerge, which are responsible for the different reactions to relatively equal situations. Neither these phenomena and mechanisms, taken alone, can explain the abruptness and intensity of the change in attitudes in the Czech lands and in Slovakia. In addition, the cultural and psychological phenomena are in principle very vague and their empirical fixation is unusually difficult. One could not notice that therefore this kind of argumentation has been recently many times abused by nationalist politicians both in Slovakia and in the Czech lands on the basis of arbitrary assumptions and statements. That is why we offer a third hypothesis, interpreting the stated discrepancy from the angle of the specificities of social and historical dynamics. It tries to explain the differences in attitudes as rationally arguable reactions of two neighbouring nations to historically different combinations of long-term and short-term dynamics. It is undisputable, that from the fall of the 1930s, Slovakia, a former agrarian and economically underdeveloped region, moved - with short breaks only - steadily in the direction to an industrial and relatively modern society with growing political authority. Although the Slovaks did not like communism (as the results of the elections in 1946 clearly showed) and had to be forced to adapt themselves to the state-socialist system (as the events in 1947 and 1948 prove), paradoxically the peak of the modernization of their society, bringing hitherto the best living conditions for the population, has been achieved during the period of `'normalization'', i.e. on the top of the development of the totalitarian and anti-meritocratic (egalitarian) social system in Czechoslovakia. It is quite clear from this that typical ideologies of the state socialist era: egalitarianism, state paternalism and authoritarianism have far deeper roots in Slovakia than in the Czech Republic. The social experience of a long-term trajectory of a gradual rise and emancipation of the Slovak nation clashed at once after 1989 with a contradictory experience of a rapid decline and deteriorization of the economic and social conditions, much more intensive than in the Czech lands. It is no wonder that the Slovak population reacted to the new situation in a greater extent than the Czech with feelings of frustration, resignation or even refusal. The social experience of the Czech nation since the end of the 1930s has been substatially different. In the rude trajectory of development until the end of the 1980s, degradation and stagnation of a formerly well developed Central European land prevailed in general. A short contradictory wave of a renewed progress in the 1960s finished by a grave frustration from the defeat of the Prague spring. The Soviet occupation meant a real lost of national sovereignty for the Czech nation that never accepted it. After the lost of illusions about the possibilities of the Soviet `'perestroika'' and after a certain deteriorization of the standard of living in the second half of the 1980s, the Czech nation was mentally prepared for a `'return to Europe''. The subsequent decline in the first phase of the post-communist transformation was the slightest one among the Central and East European countries and the signs of some improvement showed very early. It is no wonder, again, that most people are relatively more satisfied with the development until now and more optimistic about the future than the Slovak population is. It does not mean, of course that there does not exist a danger of a later desillusion of a part of society and of some rise of feelings of frustration and resignation in the future. It is easy to see that this kind of interpretation of our data is rational and corresponds the historical facts found out or corroborated in our surveys. It can explain without distortion of the evident historical reality most of the seeming paradoxes of the Czech and Slovak reality and mutual relationships. In a way it gives also some keys to the explanation of the split of Czechoslovakia and of its unexpected abruptness and peaceful forms.}, Type = {Article}, Language = {Slovak}, Affiliation = {MACHONIN, P (Corresponding Author), CZECHOSLOVAK ACAD SCI, INST SOCIOL, VILSKA 1, CS-11000 PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC.}, ISSN = {0049-1225}, EISSN = {1336-8613}, Keywords = {VELVET REVOLUTION; PEACEFUL DISSOCIATION OF THE FEDERAL CZECHOSLOVAKIA; TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES}, Keywords-Plus = {CZECHOSLOVAKIA}, Web-of-Science-Categories = {Sociology}, Number-of-Cited-References = {15}, Times-Cited = {7}, Usage-Count-Last-180-days = {1}, Usage-Count-Since-2013 = {54}, Unique-ID = {WOS:A1994QG72500002}, DA = {2023-09-28}, }