diff --git a/scoping_review.qmd b/scoping_review.qmd index 8ee9d2b..d131560 100644 --- a/scoping_review.qmd +++ b/scoping_review.qmd @@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ Each of these areas in turn rests on a variety of more specific emphases which f An exemplary typology of general policy area, related specified policy focus and related focus if any can be found in @tbl-policy-areas. | area of policy | focus | related | -| --- | ---- | ---- | +|-------------------------:|----------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------| | employment creation | pro-employment framework | | | | gender-transformative framework | | | | promotion of business sustainability | productivity increases | @@ -611,28 +611,6 @@ Since policies employed in the pursuit of increased equality can take a wide for the following synthesis will first categorize between the main thematic area and its associated interventions, which are then distinguished between for their primary outcome inequalities. -Findings: - -| area of policy | findings | channels | -| --- | ---- | ---- | -| minimum wage | mixed evidence for short-/medium-term income inequality impacts | can lead to income compression at higher-earner ends | -| | some evidence for long-term inequality decrease | job loss offsets through higher wages | -| | | some spatial transfer from urban manufacturing sectors to rural agricultural sectors | -| | bad targeting can exacerbate existing inequalities | negative effect on women's hours worked if strong household labour divisions | -| | | low-earners sometimes secondary high-income household earners while low-wage households have no earners at all | -| | potential impact larger for single parents, rural/disadvantaged locations | women more affected if they make up large share of low-wage earners | -| | | | -| paid leave | evidence for significant increase in rtw after childbirth | esp. disadvantaged women benefit due to no prior employer-funded leave | -| | some evidence for positive rtw effects to occur with medium-/long-term time delay | short-term exit but no long-term increase to hiring pattern discrimination | -| | | can exacerbate existing household labour division | -| | mixed evidence for fixed-/short-term contracts counter-acting effect on rtw | fixed-term contracts often insufficiently covered by otherwise applicable labour regulation | -| | | | -| collective bargaining | evidence for decreased income inequality with strong unionisation | stronger collective political power vector enables more equal redistributive policies | -| | | increased probability for employment on formal, standard employment contract | -| | marginal evidence for increased income/representation of women/minorities in workforce/management | internal heterogeneity due to predominantly affecting median part of wage distribution | -| | | self-selection of people joining more unionised enterprises/organisations/sectors | -| | | depending on targeting of concurrent policies can bestow more benefits on men, increasing horizontal inequalities | - Strength of Evidence ```{python} @@ -669,6 +647,31 @@ sns.histplot(data=melted_df, y='policy', hue='Validity', multiple='stack') ## Institutional +| area of policy | findings | channels | +|----------------------:|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| minimum wage | mixed evidence for short-/medium-term income inequality impacts | can lead to income compression at higher-earner ends | +| | some evidence for long-term inequality decrease | job loss offsets through higher wages | +| | | some spatial transfer from urban manufacturing sectors to rural agricultural sectors | +| | bad targeting can exacerbate existing inequalities | negative effect on women's hours worked if strong household labour divisions | +| | | low-earners sometimes secondary high-income household earners while low-wage households have no earners at all | +| | potential impact larger for single parents, rural/disadvantaged locations | women more affected if they make up large share of low-wage earners | +| | | | +| paid leave | evidence for significant increase in rtw after childbirth | esp. disadvantaged women benefit due to no prior employer-funded leave | +| | some evidence for positive rtw effects to occur with medium-/long-term time delay | short-term exit but no long-term increase to hiring pattern discrimination | +| | | can exacerbate existing household labour division | +| | mixed evidence for fixed-/short-term contracts counter-acting effect on rtw | fixed-term contracts often insufficiently covered by otherwise applicable labour regulation | +| | | | +| collective bargaining | evidence for decreased income inequality with strong unionisation | stronger collective political power vector enables more equal redistributive policies | +| | | increased probability for employment on formal, standard employment contract | +| | marginal evidence for increased income/representation of women/minorities in workforce/management | internal heterogeneity due to predominantly affecting median part of wage distribution | +| | | self-selection of people joining more unionised enterprises/organisations/sectors | +| | | depending on targeting of concurrent policies can bestow more benefits on men, increasing horizontal inequalit | +| | | ies | +| protective environmental policies | evidence for turn to sustainable energy decreasing spatial inequality | increased employment probability through large-scale rural energy projects | +| | | | +| | mixed evidence for increase of existing inequalities | elite policy capture can exacerbate existing social exclusion & disadvantages | + + ### Labour laws and regulatory systems