From 3eb989dbcf3d238801cca1d2435128aba129bd2b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Marty Oehme Date: Mon, 18 Dec 2023 13:28:40 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] feat(data): Extract Pi2016 --- 02-data/intermediate/SAMPLE.bib | 4 +-- 02-data/processed/relevant/Pi2016.yml | 44 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 02-data/supplementary/lib.bib | 4 +-- scoping_review.qmd | 7 +++++ 4 files changed, 55 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) create mode 100644 02-data/processed/relevant/Pi2016.yml diff --git a/02-data/intermediate/SAMPLE.bib b/02-data/intermediate/SAMPLE.bib index efc7e55..7b43a86 100644 --- a/02-data/intermediate/SAMPLE.bib +++ b/02-data/intermediate/SAMPLE.bib @@ -9548,7 +9548,7 @@ NO LM adjacency for outcomes} usage-count-last-180-days = {0}, usage-count-since-2013 = {11}, web-of-science-categories = {Education \& Educational Research}, - keywords = {december,inequality::gender,method::qualitative,relevant,TODO::full-text,type::training}, + keywords = {december,inequality::gender,issue::language,method::qualitative,relevant,TODO::full-text,type::training}, file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/U79PMFVT/Montserrat Blanco-Garcia et al_2016_Reconciling Work and Family Life for Women in Occupational Training.pdf} } @@ -10654,7 +10654,7 @@ barrier/facilitators: self-advocacy, support of employer and community, amount o usage-count-last-180-days = {1}, usage-count-since-2013 = {48}, web-of-science-categories = {Economics}, - keywords = {country::China,december,inequality::income,region::AP,relevant,TODO::full-text,type::regulation}, + keywords = {country::China,done::extracted,inequality::income,region::AP,relevant,type::regulation}, file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/ULJYZUXB/Pi_Zhang_2016_Hukou system reforms and skilled-unskilled wage inequality in China.pdf} } diff --git a/02-data/processed/relevant/Pi2016.yml b/02-data/processed/relevant/Pi2016.yml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8503dba --- /dev/null +++ b/02-data/processed/relevant/Pi2016.yml @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +author: Pi, J., & Zhang, P. +year: 2016 +title: "Hukou system reforms and skilled-unskilled wage inequality in China" +publisher: China Economic Review +uri: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2016.08.009 +pubtype: article +discipline: economics + +country: China +period: 1988-2013 +maxlength: 12 +targeting: implicit +group: urban workers +data: national administrative Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) 2010-13 + +design: simulation +method: general equilibrium approach +sample: +unit: household +representativeness: subnational, urban +causal: 0 # 0 correlation / 1 causal + +theory: +limitations: generalizability restricted due to specific institutional contexts of Chinese hukou systems; no disaggregation to private/public sector; job search not part of model +observation: + - intervention: subsidy (social security); education (access) + institutional: 1 + structural: 1 + agency: 0 + inequality: income; migration + type: 1 # 0 vertical / 1 horizontal + indicator: 1 # 0 absolute / 1 relative + measures: decile ratios (90th to 10th) + findings: increased access to social security for urban migrants decreases wage inequality between skilled-unskilled urban workers if skilled sector is more capital intensive than unskilled sector + channels: + direction: -1 # -1 neg / 0 none / 1 pos + significance: # 0 nsg / 1 msg / 2 sg + +notes: +annotation: | + A study on the impacts of allowing increased access to social welfare provisions and education to urban migrants in China, looking at the effects on wage inequality between skilled and unskilled sectors and workers. + It uses skilled-unskilled inequality instead of rural-urban inequalities since the real wages of the rural sector are already much lower in China, making comparisons along the 90th to 10th decile ratios more difficult. + The study finds that reforms to increase access to social security and education for urban migrants decreases wage inequality between the sectors if the skilled sector is more capital intensive than the unskilled sector, though it makes no specific identification of individual channels. + There are several limitations to the study such as no disaggregation between the private and the (very important for the Chinese economy) public sector, job searching not being part of the model, and, most importantly, a severely restricted generalizability due to the reform characteristics being strongly bound to the institutional contexts of Chinese *hukou* systems. diff --git a/02-data/supplementary/lib.bib b/02-data/supplementary/lib.bib index f6c4ea0..5d39c5b 100644 --- a/02-data/supplementary/lib.bib +++ b/02-data/supplementary/lib.bib @@ -9881,7 +9881,7 @@ NO LM adjacency for outcomes} usage-count-last-180-days = {0}, usage-count-since-2013 = {11}, web-of-science-categories = {Education \& Educational Research}, - keywords = {december,inequality::gender,method::qualitative,relevant,TODO::full-text,type::training}, + keywords = {december,inequality::gender,issue::language,method::qualitative,relevant,TODO::full-text,type::training}, file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/U79PMFVT/Montserrat Blanco-Garcia et al_2016_Reconciling Work and Family Life for Women in Occupational Training.pdf} } @@ -11077,7 +11077,7 @@ migration.}, usage-count-last-180-days = {1}, usage-count-since-2013 = {48}, web-of-science-categories = {Economics}, - keywords = {country::China,december,inequality::income,region::AP,relevant,TODO::full-text,type::regulation}, + keywords = {country::China,done::extracted,inequality::income,region::AP,relevant,type::regulation}, file = {/home/marty/Zotero/storage/ULJYZUXB/Pi_Zhang_2016_Hukou system reforms and skilled-unskilled wage inequality in China.pdf} } diff --git a/scoping_review.qmd b/scoping_review.qmd index d56b470..9112d41 100644 --- a/scoping_review.qmd +++ b/scoping_review.qmd @@ -908,6 +908,13 @@ here, it finds generally positive returns but greatest for non-agricultural work Importantly, the introduction of more technical classes, however, also changes employment sector choices, with men working less in agricultural work and more in non-farm wage sectors and an increased probability for rural women to both work in agriculture and to work formally. Limitations of the study include the inability to directly identify intervention compliers and having to construct returns for each household head only and a possibly unobserved 'villagization' effect by bringing people together in community villages for their education leading to other unobserved variable impacting the returns. +@Pi2016 conduct a study on the impacts of allowing increased access to social welfare provisions and education to urban migrants in China, looking at the effects on wage inequality between skilled and unskilled sectors and workers. +It uses skilled-unskilled inequality instead of rural-urban inequalities since the real wages of the rural sector are already much lower in China, making comparisons along the 90th to 10th decile ratios more difficult. +The study finds that reforms to increase access to social security and education for urban migrants decreases wage inequality between the sectors if the skilled sector is more capital intensive than the unskilled sector, though it makes no specific identification of individual channels. +There are several limitations to the study such as no disaggregation between the private and the (very important for the Chinese economy) public sector, job searching not being part of the model, and, most importantly, a severely restricted generalizability due to the reform characteristics being strongly bound to the institutional contexts of Chinese *hukou*[^hukou] systems. + +[^hukou]: The hukou system generally denotes a permission towards either rural land-ownership and agricultural subsidies for the rural hukou or social welfare benefits and employment possibilities for the urban hukou, and children of migrants often have to go back to their place of registered residence for their collece entrance examination. This study looks at reforms undoing some of the restrictions under the sytem. + # Results for inequalities ## Income inequality through a vertical lens