Add wos sample results library

02-data/intermediate/wos_sample/7eec301f39b4cf532a16176ce0802675-valiente-palma-lidi/info.yaml

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+abstract: 'Rationale and current interest in topic
+
+  Rural areas in Andalusia present clear disadvantages as compared to
+
+  urban areas, such as lack of infrastructure, scarcity of basic services
+
+  or lack of economic dynamics, causing a rural exodus and thus giving
+
+  rise to territorial imbalances in the region. This rural exodus, in
+
+  turn, has a limiting influence on the generation of economic dynamics,
+
+  resulting in an increasingly ageing population and reducing
+
+  opportunities for territorial development.
+
+  In the face of this problem, cooperatives -societies of the social
+
+  economy- may play a significant role in terms of their capacity for
+
+  attaching a population to its territory, due to the existence of a
+
+  relationship with the surroundings in which they operate, as
+
+  demonstrated by the available literature on this topic
+
+  (Garcia-Gutierrez, 1999; Buendia and Garcia, 2003; Coque, 2005; Mozas
+
+  and Bernal, 2006; Cunat and Coll, 2007; Puentes and Velasco, 2009; Calvo
+
+  and Gonzalez, 2011; Demoustier, 2011; Draperi, 2014; Guzman, Santos and
+
+  Barroso, 2016; Perez and Valiente, 2017).
+
+  Moreover, there is significant cooperativism in this region (with 19\%
+
+  of cooperatives and 18\% of the employment these generate nationwide
+
+  located in Andalusia) as well as consolidated institutional recognition
+
+  of these organisations (as evinced by the laws which regulate them, as
+
+  well as by the Pactos Andaluces por la Economia Social {[}Andalusia
+
+  Agreements for the Social Economy] or by the various support programs
+
+  for cooperative organisations).This represents an opportunity for the
+
+  creation of economic dynamics and for attaching the population to its
+
+  territory through the promotion of social economy societies.
+
+  Objectives
+
+  The main objective of this work consists in determining whether
+
+  cooperative societies in Andalusia may be contributing to the
+
+  maintenance of the region''s population, especially in rural areas, to a
+
+  greater extent than mercantile businesses.
+
+  In addition to confirming whether this occurs throughout the entire
+
+  population, we have separated out the populations of women and young
+
+  people, due to the difficulties currently faced by these groups in
+
+  joining the labour market (the main reason for emigration, especially in
+
+  rural areas) and to their strategic interest in terms of consolidating
+
+  the region''s population, passing the inter-generational torch in local
+
+  economic activities.
+
+  A comparison of cooperative societies with mercantile businesses is
+
+  carried out in order to lay the foundations for the establishment of
+
+  strategies and policies for the specific promotion of cooperativism, in
+
+  the event that the behaviour seen in these social economy organisations
+
+  differs from that of mercantile businesses.
+
+  Methodology
+
+  In working towards the stated objective, and after an exploratory
+
+  analysis of the variables used, spatial econometrics techniques were
+
+  applied which take into account the location of the data in a given
+
+  geographic space for the variables under study: spatial distribution and
+
+  autocorrelation analysis graph-sand the application of spatial
+
+  regression. Calculation of the models was carried out with GeoDa
+
+  software.
+
+  With respect to the variables used, these were the following: percentage
+
+  of total emigration, percentage of emigration of young people and
+
+  percentage of emigration of women were considered as dependent, proxy
+
+  variables for the attachment of population to territory; the number of
+
+  cooperatives out of the total number of businesses was established, as
+
+  well as the number of mercantile businesses (public limited companies
+
+  and limited liability companies) out of the total number of businesses,
+
+  expressed as percentages, served as explanatory variables. These
+
+  variables were obtained for the various Andalusian municipalities (a
+
+  total of 770) for 2015. In addition, for the purpose of determining
+
+  whether differences exist in emigration between rural and non-rural
+
+  municipalities, a dummy variable was added, termed rural municipality or
+
+  territory.
+
+  Results, practical conclusions and research limitations
+
+  The results obtained provide indications that cooperativism may be
+
+  contributing to an attachment of the population to its territory (as
+
+  compared to mercantile businesses, where a significant relationship was
+
+  not seen), since the regression analyses demonstrated that the variable
+
+  for percentage of cooperative societies is significant in explaining the
+
+  variability seen in emigration. Moreover, both show an inverse
+
+  relationship. The same was obtained when the said dependent variables
+
+  used were percentage of emigration of women and young people. In other
+
+  words, the proportion of cooperatives inversely influence these
+
+  emigration rates, which is not the case for mercantile businesses.
+
+  Based on the aforementioned and given that, on the one hand,
+
+  difficulties in attaching a population to its territory are further
+
+  complicated in rural Andalusian municipalities, especially for women and
+
+  young people and, on the other hand, cooperativism inversely influences
+
+  emigration from rural municipalities, the creation of quality,
+
+  sustainable employment through cooperatives societies of social economy-
+
+  may represent an opportunity for reducing problems of depopulation in
+
+  these areas.
+
+  Another result obtained is that the cooperative business culture may be
+
+  spread to neighbouring regions to a lesser extent than that of the
+
+  conventional business sector. If cooperativism can contribute to an
+
+  attachment of population to territory, the application of specific
+
+  policies and strategies for reducing emigration from rural areas
+
+  -promoting the development of cooperative societies for the creation of
+
+  quality, sustainable employment and thus spreading cooperative culture
+
+  to a greater extent-becomes at once a challenge and an opportunity for
+
+  Andalusia. From another perspective, business synergies between
+
+  cooperativism and conventional businesses may be encouraged, making the
+
+  most of the opportunity offered by the latter for spreading their
+
+  culture to neighbouring regions to a greater degree than cooperativism.
+
+  In this way, spreading the principles and values of cooperativism in the
+
+  Andalusian region can be achieved at the same time as contributing to an
+
+  attachment of population to territory, through a potential business
+
+  inter-cooperation.
+
+  Among the conclusions drawn, one also finds the need to carry out
+
+  specific strategies and policies for promoting cooperativism in
+
+  Andalusia, derived from results showing more heterogeneous behaviour in
+
+  the region than seen in the conventional business sector.
+
+  With regard to the limitations of this work, it should be noted that, in
+
+  the first place, the analysis carried out is static in nature, based on
+
+  specific moment in time (the year 2015), which represents a limitation
+
+  for analysing the evolutionary dynamic followed by both cooperatives
+
+  societies and emigration in Andalusia. In the second place, percentage
+
+  of emigration was taken as a proxy or indicative variable, with respect
+
+  to the difficulty in attaching a population to its territory. However,
+
+  the presence of other factors must be taken into account: it may be that
+
+  the percentage of emigration is low or null as a result of considerable
+
+  ageing in the population, such that depopulation or difficulty in
+
+  attaching population to territory would be caused, rather, by a lack of
+
+  demographic growth.
+
+  This work has established a number of future lines of research stemming
+
+  in part from the very limitations indicated above, among which are the
+
+  analysis of the evolutionary dynamic between cooperativism and
+
+  emigration for the purpose of identifying the relationship these have
+
+  followed over time; as well as consideration of other factors indicating
+
+  capacity for attaching population to territory, such as the previously
+
+  mentioned rate of demographic growth.'
+affiliation: 'Palma, LV (Corresponding Author), Univ Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain.
+
+  Valiente Palma, Lidia, Univ Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain.'
+author: Valiente Palma, Lidia
+author-email: lidia.valiente@uca.es
+author_list:
+- family: Valiente Palma
+  given: Lidia
+da: '2023-09-28'
+doi: 10.7203/CIRIEC-E.97.13046
+eissn: 1989-6816
+files: []
+issn: 0213-8093
+journal: CIRIEC-ESPANA REVISTA DE ECONOMIA PUBLICA SOCIAL Y COOPERATIVA
+keywords: 'Andalusia; cooperative societies; territory; emigration; spatial
+
+  regression'
+language: Spanish
+month: NOV
+number-of-cited-references: '36'
+orcid-numbers: Valiente-Palma, Lidia/0000-0002-6054-3790
+pages: 49-74
+papis_id: 53b2ade41fd7f83eabe6fe24d5748176
+ref: Valientepalma2019iscooperativism
+researcherid-numbers: Valiente-Palma, Lidia/GQZ-1271-2022
+times-cited: '11'
+title: Is cooperativism helping to keep the population in Andalusia?
+type: Article
+unique-id: WOS:000503419400002
+usage-count-last-180-days: '2'
+usage-count-since-2013: '16'
+volume: '97'
+web-of-science-categories: Economics
+year: '2019'