Add wos sample results library

02-data/intermediate/wos_sample/176a25a89925292a0c3978274571acd7-dick-aw-and-klein/info.yaml

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+abstract: 'Background. The State Children''s Health Insurance Program ( SCHIP) has
+
+  been operating for > 5 years. Policy makers are interested in the
+
+  characteristics of children who have enrolled and changes in the health
+
+  care needs of enrolled children as programs mature. New York State''s
+
+  SCHIP evolved from a similar statewide health insurance program that was
+
+  developed in 1991 ( Child Health Plus {[} CHPlus]). Understanding how
+
+  current SCHIP enrollees differ from early CHPlus enrollees together with
+
+  how program features changed during the period may shed light on how
+
+  best to serve the evolving SCHIP population.
+
+  Objective. To 1) describe changes in the characteristics of children
+
+  enrolled in 1994 CHPlus and 2001 SCHIP; 2) determine if changes in the
+
+  near- poor, age- eligible population during the time period could
+
+  account for the evolution of enrollment; and 3) describe changes in the
+
+  program during the period that could be responsible for the enrollment
+
+  changes.
+
+  Setting. New York State, stratified into 4 regions: New York City, New
+
+  York City environs, upstate urban counties, and upstate rural counties.
+
+  Design. Retrospective telephone interviews of parents of 2 cohorts of
+
+  CHPlus enrollees: 1) children who enrolled in CHPlus in 1993 to 1994 and
+
+  2) children who enrolled in New York''s SCHIP in 2000 to 2001. The
+
+  Current Population Survey ( CPS) 1992 to 1994 and 1999 to 2001 were used
+
+  to identify secular trends that could explain differences in the CHPlus
+
+  and SCHIP enrollees.
+
+  Program Characteristics. 1994 CHPlus and 2001 SCHIP were similar in
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+  design, both limiting eligibility by age, family income, and insurance
+
+  status. SCHIP 2001 included 1) expansion of eligibility to adolescents
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+  13 to 19 years old; 2) expansion of benefits to include
+
+  hospitalizations, mental health, and dental benefits; 3) changes in
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+  premium contributions; 4) more participating insurance plans, limited to
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+  managed care; 5) expansions in marketing and outreach; and 6) a combined
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+  enrollment application for SCHIP and several low- income programs
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+  including Medicaid.
+
+  Sample. Cohort 1 included 2126 new CHPlus enrollees 0 to 13 years old
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+  who were enrolled for at least 9 months, stratified by geographic
+
+  region. Cohort 2 included 1100 new SCHIP enrollees 0 to 13 years old who
+
+  were enrolled for at least 9 months, stratified by geographic region,
+
+  age, race, and ethnicity. Results were weighted to be representative of
+
+  statewide CHPlus or SCHIP new enrollees who met the sampling criteria.
+
+  Samples of age- and income- eligible children from New York State were
+
+  drawn from the CPS and pooled and reweighted ( 1992 - 1994 and 1999 -
+
+  2001) to generate a comparison group of children targeted by CHPlus and
+
+  SCHIP.
+
+  Measures. Sociodemographic characteristics, race and ethnicity ( white
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+  non- Hispanic, black non- Hispanic, and Hispanic), prior health
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+  insurance, health care access, and first source of information about the
+
+  program.
+
+  Analyses. Weighted bivariate analyses ( comparisons of means and rates)
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+  adjusted for the complex sampling design to compare measures between the
+
+  2 program cohorts and between the 2 CPS samples. We tested for
+
+  equivalence by using chi(2) statistics.
+
+  Results. As the program evolved from CHPlus to SCHIP, relatively more
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+  black and Hispanic children enrolled ( 9\% to 30\% black from 1994 to
+
+  2001, and 16\% to 48\% Hispanic), more New York City residents ( 46\% to
+
+  69\% from 1994 to 2001), more children with parents who had less than a
+
+  high school education ( 10\% to 25\%), more children from lower income
+
+  families ( 59\% to 75\% below 150\% of the federal poverty level), and
+
+  more children from families with parents not working ( 7\% to 20\%)
+
+  enrolled. These socioeconomic and demographic changes were not reflected
+
+  in the underlying age- and income-eligible population. A greater
+
+  proportion of 2001 enrollees were uninsured for some time immediately
+
+  before enrollment ( 57\% to 76\% had an uninsured gap), were insured by
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+  Medicaid during the year before enrollment ( 23\% to 48\%), and lacked a
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+  USC ( 5\% to 14\%). Although `` word of mouth{''''} was the most common
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+  means by which families heard about both programs, a greater proportion
+
+  of 2001 enrollees learned about SCHIP from marketing or outreach
+
+  sources.
+
+  Conclusion. As New York programs for the uninsured evolved, more
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+  children from minority groups, with lower family incomes and education,
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+  and having less baseline access to health care were enrolled. Although
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+  changes in the underlying population were relatively small,
+
+  progressively increased marketing and outreach, particularly in New York
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+  City, the introduction of a single application form for SCHIP and
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+  Medicaid, and expansions in the benefit package may have accounted, in
+
+  part, for the large change in the characteristics of enrollees.'
+affiliation: 'Dick, AW (Corresponding Author), Univ Rochester, Sch Med \& Dent, Dept
+  Community \& Prevent Med, Div Hlth Serv Res \& Policy, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester,
+  NY 14642 USA.
+
+  Univ Rochester, Sch Med \& Dent, Dept Community \& Prevent Med, Div Hlth Serv Res
+  \& Policy, Rochester, NY 14642 USA.
+
+  Univ Rochester, Sch Med \& Dent, Dept Pediat, Strong Childrens Res Ctr, Rochester,
+  NY 14642 USA.
+
+  Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA.'
+author: Dick, AW and Klein, JD and Shone, LP and Zwanziger, J and Yu, H and Szilagyi,
+  PG
+author-email: adick@rochester.rr.com
+author_list:
+- family: Dick
+  given: AW
+- family: Klein
+  given: JD
+- family: Shone
+  given: LP
+- family: Zwanziger
+  given: J
+- family: Yu
+  given: H
+- family: Szilagyi
+  given: PG
+da: '2023-09-28'
+eissn: 1098-4275
+files: []
+issn: 0031-4005
+journal: PEDIATRICS
+keywords: 'access to health care; health insurance; children; New York State;
+
+  disparities; race; ethnicity; SCHIP'
+keywords-plus: MEDICARE; SELECTION; CARE; HMOS
+language: English
+month: DEC
+number: 6, S
+number-of-cited-references: '42'
+orcid-numbers: Klein, Jonathan/0000-0003-4185-1998
+pages: E542-E550
+papis_id: 57fc181267dc75d7d35082336451978c
+ref: Dick2003evolutionstate
+times-cited: '16'
+title: 'The evolution of the State Children''s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) in
+  New York: Changing program features and enrollee characteristics'
+type: Article
+unique-id: WOS:000186957700006
+usage-count-last-180-days: '0'
+usage-count-since-2013: '5'
+volume: '112'
+web-of-science-categories: Pediatrics
+year: '2003'