diff --git a/notes/uganda/2208161152_uganda-key-notes.md b/notes/uganda/2208161152_uganda-key-notes.md index 3cf1701..1525553 100644 --- a/notes/uganda/2208161152_uganda-key-notes.md +++ b/notes/uganda/2208161152_uganda-key-notes.md @@ -11,3 +11,15 @@ The project in Uganda aims to improve access to drinking water of 550,000 people ## Literature + +### [ ] Brunori2018 - equality of opportunity and consumption dynamics + +* compares growth processes to their distributional implications through opportunity egalitarianism perspective +* results: + * individual ex ante and ex post versions quite consistent in showing growth has not been opportunity-progressive + * ex post: requires equal outcome for equal effort (generally more accepted in theoretical lit) + * ex ante: requires equal set of opportunities for all individuals (generally more used in applied research since easier computation) + * type (ethnicity, origin) and class (quantile) evaluations are more divergent + * difficult to establish any trends, high level of uncertainty + * seems in ex post version class some progressive redistribution takes place + diff --git a/notes/uganda/2208161616_literature-water.md b/notes/uganda/2208161616_literature-water.md index 40b5399..2a80de9 100644 --- a/notes/uganda/2208161616_literature-water.md +++ b/notes/uganda/2208161616_literature-water.md @@ -42,6 +42,44 @@ * results: * of 282 health care facilities, 94% had improved sources (but some no improved source, some no source on the premises) +### [ ] Naiga2018 - community-based water management + +* looks at relevant design principles in creating successful collective self-managed water management institutions, at Isingiro vs Sheema district +* results: + * difference in water infrastructure management effectiveness primarily down to existence/absence of organizational characteristics prescribed in design principles + * Isingiro: absence of conditions prescribed by design principles due confronted with lack of sufficient self-governance arrangements: + * unclear social boundaries + * missing collective-choice arrangements + * lack of sanctions or conflict resolution mechanisms + * Isingiro: should be regarded as 'vicious circle of institutional failures' + +### [ ] Twongyirwe2019 - Perceived Food insecurity + +* looks at perception of drought and food insecurity in Isingiro district + * questionnaire for farmers in Isingiro district whose livelihood is predominantly dependent on crop production +* results: + * 68.6% of HHs perceive food insecurity as problem + * those not seeing it as problem had higher off-farm incomes and larger farm sizes + * 'implies productive assets (e.g. land) can be easily translated into productive activies for higher income [...] while off-farm income could provide more choices in terms of food access' [9] + * access to credit for crops *increased* food security status awareness + * more likely to use credit as buffer against food insecurity + * drought widely perceived as problem contributing to food insecurity (95.6%) + * HHs believe most at-risk of drought-induced food insecurity + * 13% reported to be 'doing nothing' to respond to drought effects + +### [ ] Nagasha2019 - effect of droughts on gender roles + +* looks at effect of climate change (more sever droughts) on gender roles around Lake Mburo National Park (Isingiro, Kiruhura districts) +* results: + * men and women's gender roles altered during extreme dryness + * men played roles sequentially focusing on one single reproductive role + * women played roles simultaneously + * often forced to engage children in work activities to balance own workload + * Isingiro: female children more engaged with chores than male children + * in Kiruhura district migration in search of water & pasture livestick, further distorting roles + * Isingiro: men became more actively engaged in firewood collection (62.8%) and fetching water (45.9%) + * women's exclusion from land ownership brings them further in state of dependence, thus more vulnerable to climate change effects + ### [ ] Sempewo2021 * looks at changes in water suuply use (quantity) in Ugandan HHs (due to COVID-19) @@ -49,7 +87,7 @@ * associated HH characteristics age, sex, education, main occupation of HH head, household size, region of residence * results can be used for equitable water supply during emergencies -### [ ] Atamanov2022 - see poverty for main part +### [x] Atamanov2022 - see poverty for main part * water access * general access to improved drinking water 87% urban, 74% rural (19/20); diff --git a/notes/uganda/2208171139_literature-education.md b/notes/uganda/2208171139_literature-education.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..73572b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/notes/uganda/2208171139_literature-education.md @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +### [ ] Cali2014 - trade increase and wage inequality + +results: +* analyzes district-level disaggregation of exposure to trade boom in 1990s to find districts that were more exposed had 2.8% lower wage premiums relative to less-exposed districts + * so, overall premiums rose but less so for trade-exposed districts +* intensification of *domestic* trade and increase in average education were associated with increased wage premiums +* thus, less additional inequality due to opening trade markets, but more due to increased domestic trade and increasing education differences + +### [ ] Datzberger2018 - education does not reach poor + +* looks at education sector through opposition of assimilative/transformative approaches: + * Uganda education sector focuses strongly on assimilation-based agenda: + * increased access to education and retention + * improved quality of education + * employment generation through education + * little impact of assimilative approaches + * assimilative = change at grassroots level, through educating society at large + * highly dependent on transformative approaches: systemic level, government institutions at local,national,global levels +* explanations: + * assimilative approach = mainstream approach of human capital building at individual level + * transformative approach = deeper change of oppressive structures to liberate individuals toward self-expression (political, social, etc) + +### [ ] WorldBank2022 - Learning poverty measure + +* looks at Learning Poverty Indicator formed of 'Schooling Deprived' (out-of-school) children and 'Learning Deprived' (below minimum proficiency) children +* results: + * 82% of children in Uganda at late primary age not proficient in reading (adjusted for out-of-school children) (Learning Poverty) + * 81% of children do not achieve minimum proficiency level in reading at end of primary school (Learning Deprivation) + * 4% of primary school-aged children not enrolled in school (Schooling Deprivation) +* does not disaggregate rural/location-based, can not disaggregate gender (missing data in Uganda, except schooling deprivation 5.8%boys, 2.9%girls) etc. + diff --git a/notes/uganda/22081824_script.md b/notes/uganda/22081824_script.md index 48cdf05..7787e1b 100644 --- a/notes/uganda/22081824_script.md +++ b/notes/uganda/22081824_script.md @@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ In 2019, access to improved sources of drinking water in the country is at a lev Health care facilities in rural areas are generally well connected to improved sources with 94% of facilities having access to public stand posts, protected spring technology, deep boreholes and some to rain harvesting tanks, gravity flow schemes or groundwater-based pumped piped water supplies [@Mulogo2018]. Households, on the other hand are generally less well connected. - + --here goes Naiga2015 Isingiro numbers-- and Mulogo2018 - isingiro?